Plant allergens and herbal antiallergic drugs
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Transcript of Plant allergens and herbal antiallergic drugs
PRESENTED BY: SHYAMJI TANTUWAY
CONTENTS:- INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONS TYPES OF ALLERGENS RECEPTORS RESPONCIBLE FOR ALLERGIES MECHANISM PLANT ALLERGENS HERBAL TREATMENT OF ALLERGIES REFRENCES
INTRODUCTION The term ‘natural toxins’ usually refers to potentially
toxic organic compounds of natural origin, in contrast to mineral poisons and synthetic drugs. Exposure to natural toxins may lead to acute as well as long-term symptoms that affect almost any organ system.
The diversity in chemical composition of natural toxins prevents an arrangement according to chemical structures. Therefore, a biologicalclassification has been chosen. Substances are discussed that originate from:
Bacteria & Fungi Vertebrates & Invertebrates Higher plants
DEFINITIONS
ALLERGENS:- An allergen is a substance that can cause an allergic reaction.
ALLERGY:- All forms of hypersensitivity used to be classified as allergies, and all were thought to be caused by an improper activation of the immune system. Later, it became clear that several different disease mechanisms were implicated, with the common link to a disordered activation of the immune system.
TYPES OF ALLERGENS Inhalant allergens Ingestant allergens Ingectant allergens Contactant allergens Infectant allergens Infestant allergens
RECEPTORS RESPONCIBLE FOR ALLERGIES Histamin 1 (H1) Histamin 2 (H2) Histamin 3 (H3) Histamin 4 (H4)
MECHANISM
ONLY Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Also has an essential role in type I hypersensitivity reactions.
CATHA EDULIS (KHAT) Cynodon dactylon Family- Celastraceae
Cathinone
TYPE OF ALLERGY- Hypertension, constipation
LAWSONIA INERMIS (HENNA) Family - lythreceae
Lawsone or hennotennic acid
TYPE OF ALLERGY- Chronic inflammation reaction
RICINUS COMMUNIS (CASTOR) Family - Euphorbiaceae Recinoleic acid
TYPE OF ALLERGY- Erythrocyte agglutination, haemorrhagic gastrointestinal irritation,
vomiting, profuse watery or bloody purging
CYCAS CIRCINALIS (QUEEN SAGO)FAMILY- Cycadaceae
Cycasin
TYPE OF ALLERGY- neurodegenerative disorder
CONIUM MACULATUM (HEMLOCK) Conium maculatum
FAMILY- Apiaceae
Coniine
TYPE OF ALLERGY- Seizures respiratory depression
PARTHENIUM (GAJAR GHANS OR CONGRESS WEED) Parthenium hysterophoru Family- Asteraceae
Parthenine TYPE OF ALLERGY- dermatitis respiratory malfunction
CALOTROPIS (MADAR OR AAK OR MILK WEED) Calotropis gigantea family- Apocynaceae
Calotoxin
TYPE OF ALLERGY- used as an arrow poison, cattle poison touching the ocular surface may result in
Crownflower keratitis
ACKEE (ACHEE OR ACKEE APPLE) Blighia sapida Family – Sapindaceae
Hypoglycin
TYPE OF ALLERGY- vomiting sickness
MUGWORT (SEVERAL SPECIES OF ARTEMISIA Artemisia vulgaris Family- Asteraceae
Mugwort pollen
TYPE OF ALLERGY- Hey fever Allergic asthma
HERBAL TREATMENT OF ALLERGIES Nettle: is a good Anti- Allergy herb. It is a
natural anti-histamine. It reduces the ability of the body to produce histamine. Histamine is
a chemical produced by the antibodies in the body to fight against the allergens. Stinging nettle fights against allergy symptoms like cough, watery eyes, sneezing and runny nose
Eucalyptus: It has expectorant properties. Eucalyptus oil can be applied topically for clearing chest congestion. Also, it helps in clearing nasal congestion. Additionally, it loosens phlegm and also protects from insect bites.
Astragalus: Astralagus Membranaceus is used to strengthen the body’s immune system. It is rich in anti-oxidants and protects cells against damage caused in allergies. It protects and supports the immune system in preventing colds and upper respiratory infections. It is also an anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory herb.
Thyme: This is another useful herb for clearing congestion. Also, it can be used
for treating sinus problems, nasal congestion and cough.
Ephedra (Ma Huang): It an active ingredient in many traditional
Chinese medicines used in the treatment of Asthma, hay fever and common cold. It is a thermogenic and a stimulant. It expands the bronchial tubes making breathing easier. Its diaphoretic properties help to expel exterior pathogens and regulate the functioning of lungs.
Eyebright: The tincture and capsules of Eyebright can be used for reducing hay fever symptoms.
Chamomile: It as antihistamine, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory
properties. This is an excellent remedy for allergies, particularly for hay fever. As it is an antihistamine, it counteracts histamine effects and hence reduces hypersensitivity.
St. John’s Wort (hypericum) : St. John’s Wort capsules give relief from sinus headaches.
Licorice root: This is a wonderful herb for treating asthma and allergies. Licorice root has glycyrrhizic acid. It has anti-
inflammatory and anti-allergic properties as well. Hence, it is very effective in the treatment of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and hay fever. As it is a strong expectorant, it can also be used for treating chest infections and cough.
Angelica: This is an effective medicine for hay fever. The active components present in this herb block antibodies formation which are
produced due to allergic reactions.
Ginger: It is known for its anti-microbial properties. It inhibits the
activities of clotting agent and platelet-activating factors. These produce inflammatory reactions. Also, it prevents excessive secretion of histamine, thus reduces the symptoms of allergies.
Garlic: It is a decongestant and thereby, gives relief from congestion
problems caused by allergies.
Butterbur (Petasites hybridus): is an anti-inflammatory herb. It also decreases histamines and leukotrienes. It blocks the action of histamine released by the body during the allergic reaction. It treats fever symptoms effectively.
Green tea: Green tea reduces histamine release and thereby, reduces allergy symptoms.
REFRENCES Anthony C Moffat et al; Clarke’s Analysis of drugs
and poisons; 2011; 4th ed. ; 243-252 Koh Hwee Ling et al; A Guide to medicinal plants,
an illustrated, scientific and medicinal approach; 2009; 2nd ed; 216-258
www.wikipedia.com www.drugs.com