Plain Truth 1970 (Prelim No 04-05) Apr-May_w

7/28/2019 Plain Truth 1970 (Prelim No 04-05) Apr-May_w

1/52


2/52

~ ~ o u r R E A D E R S S A Y "therPlA ~ T ~ U T ~a m ag a z i n e o f un d er s t an d in g

Peter B.,Belmont, Mass.

A. L. A.,Limassol, Cyprus

Guess seem's belieoin', Jim - per-bnps .1'0 11'11 cbange .1'0111'mint! if .1'011 euerI)(// Ie oppo rtllnity to uisit tbe crlInpllJ.

Y eah, Bill, maybe we C(1I1 'pervert'him to be a clean, bonest, wholesome.objectitle bnman being.

NO . 4-5April-May, 1970

VOL. XX XV

Regional Edi' 01J: U. K . : Raymond F. McNair;Aust.: C. Wayne Col e; S. Afri ca: Robert E.Fahey; Germany: Frank Schnee; Philippines:Arthur Docken; Swi tzerl and: Colin Wil kins;Lati n America: Enrique Ruiz ,Cont ributin g Editors: Guy L. Alexander, DibarK. Apartian, Robert C. Boraker. Ch arles V.Dorothy. Jack R. Ellio tt. Gunar Freiberus, Rob ert E. Gen ter, Ernest L. Martn , Gerhard O.Marx, L. Leroy Neff. Ri chard F. Pl achc . Rich-ard l I. Sedliacik, Lynn E. Torrance, llasil\X'oh"erton. Clin t C. Zimmerman,James \X. Ro binson , Cop)" Edi torResearch Shll! : Dexter H. Faulkner, Donald D.Schroeder, Coord inators, Karl Karlo v, Pau l O.Knedel, David Price. Rodney A. Repp, CharlesP. Vorhes, W. R. Whikehart.Pbotogr,1pb)': Norman A. Smith, Direr/or;Joseph Clayton, A ssistant Director; Lyle Chris-topherson, Howard A. Clark. Frank Cl arke.David Conn. Jerry J. Gentry. Ian Henderson,John G. Kilburn, Sa lam l. Maid an i.Ar t [) f /Jilf /menl: Terry \'{fa rren , Director; T edHerl of son . A ssistant D irer/or; D onald R. Faast ,Thomas Haworth. Roy Lcpe sk.r. "filliam S.Schuler, John Susco, Herbert A. Vierra. .lr . Andrew C. Voth. Peter Wh itting, Mont e\'\'olverto:1. Robb \Xoods.

Albert J. Portune, BIIsineJI " f ,tJ:(I,ferCircul.uion "',"blgerJ: U_S. A.: John H. \V' ilson : U. K. : Charles F. Hunting ; Canada: D ean

' i l s o Austrnlia : Gene R. Hughes; Phi lippines : Guy L. Ames; South Africa: Gordo n R.T erb fnnchc : Lati n America: Louis Gutierrez .YOUR SUBSCRIPTION has been pa id byoth ers. Bulk co pies for d istribution not given orsold .ADDRESS COlool MUN ICATlONS to the Editor at thenearest address below:United SI,lIeJ: P. O. Box I ll , Pasadena. California 91109.c':w .ldtl: P. O. Box -l-l, Station A. VancouverI, II . C.,\fixieo: Instituci6n Ambassador . Apar tnd oPostal - ~ 9 5 . Mex ico 5_ D. F.Un ited Kingdom fwd Europe: P. O . Box 111.St. Albans, Hcrts., England.SOllib A / ric.l: 1'. O. Box 1060 . Johannesburg.Au stralia: P. O. Box 315. North Sydney, NS\V'2060, Australia.New Zealand fwd Soutbeast Alia: P. O. Box2709, Auck land I , New Zealand.T he Pbitinpines: P. O. Box 1111, M akati , RizalD70S.S ECOND (l.ASS POST AGE paid at Pasadena. Cali-fornia. and at additional mailing offices.Entered as SECOND CLASS m atter at M an ilaPost O ffice 0[ 1 Ma rch 16, 1967 . Registered inA ustrali a for t ran smission by post as a book .HE SUR E TO N OTI FY US IM M EDIATE LY of anychange in your address. Please include both oldand new address . IM PORTANT!

MANAGING EDITORArt hur A. Ferd igAssociate Editors\'V'ill iam Dankenbring Gene H. HogbergVern L. Farrow Paul w. KrollDavid Jon Hill Eugene M. Walter

SENI OR EDITORSHerman L. HoehRoderick C. Meredith

EDITORHERBERT W. ARMSTRONGEXECUTIVE EDITORGarner Te d Arm strong

Published bi-monthly at 300 \Xest Green St . ,Pasadena. California 91105; Rad lett , Engfand:and N orth Sydn ey, A ustralia. by AmbassadorCcl leee. French, D utch and Germ an editionspublished at Rad lert. England ; Span ish ed itionat llil( Sand y, Te,"s. iD 1970 Am bassador Co llege . All rights reserved .

W illiam N .,University of Montana,

Missoula , Montana

Patri cia P.,Camp Pendleton, Calif.

etc."

"P lease cancel all fur ther propagandaof perverted Christian teachings. I canno longer en dure these distortions . . .Possibly when my senility returns to me,as it did when I originally subscribed,in my oid age, I'll re-subscribe for afalse crutch. The student across the hallseems to be interested in your publication, so why don't you try to perverthim also?"

"T his is my first year of college. Iknow now, by firsth and experience, theevils of modern-day education. I spendall of my time cramming on facts, andI'm living worse than ever, much lesslearning how to live. I used to receive

[Continued 011 p(/ge 49)

"I just finished reading your Feb.article, 'Ambassador's Answer to MindPollution.' It made me realize howimportant it is for an individual to havea goal and purpose in life . . . I wouldlike to attend the college and be amongthe HAPPIEST peop le on earth ! I wantto be around good, wholesome people- who love life and enjoy learning.Please send enrollment in formation,

lege where no one has illicit sex, takesdope, wou ldn't think of add ressing anyone without a 'yes sir' or 'no sir,' goesabout his dai ly routine happi ly, joyously. I f this is so they are not, as yousay, 'decent and disciplined humanbeings ' - they are 'disciplined robots'."

James "Rebel" B.,Marquette, Mich.

"I have an unusual request. I wou ldlike The PLAIN TRUTH in reverse, thatis, from October, 1969, to as far back asyou can make available to me withouttoo much trouble. The copy of the JuneJuly, 1934, PLAIN TRUTH was, as yousay, primitive or rough. I found its contents on that first page were just as 'eyecatching' and captivating as The PLAINTRUTH today."

M rs. J. A.,San Diego, California

Mind Pollution"In your February Issue of Th e

PLAIN TRUTH the article entitled'Ambassador's Answer to mind Pollu tion' really got to me. I can' t believe it.You're trying to tell me there is a col-

"I of ten imagine all the peop le onthe staff as being sturdy-looking people,holding an old family Bible under onearm and waving an American flag inthe othe r hand . No t that it is a badpicture - simply that you are as uniform in looks and pol icy as a band ofhippies are, in their own way. I oftenwish I coul d be more like you, though.At least I'd believe in something, whichis more than I do now."

"W het her I agree or not with whatyou say, you just trigger my brain tosta rt thinking. An d now, may I ask youto send me some back copies of yourmagazine? The very ones I thr ewaway."

"I think the people who give you themoney to print the alleged PLAINTRUTH are wasting their money. Theyshould donate it to an organization thatcould help pu t an end to some of thestarvation going on in the world, ratherthan just wri te about it."

Margaret Z.,Palo Alto, California


3/52

In This Is sue :W hat our Readers

Say . . . . . . . Inside Front Cover

SPECIAL NOTICEFOR the next six months, TOMOR-ROW'S WORLD and The PLAINTRUTH will be issued bimonthly.Impo rtant deve lopments have led tothis temporary change.It is due largely to unexpected and

unprecedented GROWTH in the circulations of these magazines. This very sue-cess evidences the fact that peopleworldwide are HUNGRY for the pricelessthings we are able to give. Th is is fulfilling the GREATEST NEED in the worldtoday! And we en joy the priv il ege ofgiving out this wonderful knowledge of the true values and goals inlife, the WAY to the better, richer,fuller, more abundant life.In Presi dent N ixon's 1970 "Sta te of

the Union" address , he recogn ized, andstressed the NEED of a bette r QUALITYOF LIFE . But he did not tell the nationHOW ! For 36 years Th e PLAIN TRUTHhas been emphasizing that need - andwe have been telling the people HOW!That's what our message IS - the wa),to a better , ful le r LIFE.

We have been pointing out theTRUE VALUES, helping hundreds ofthousands to turn from pursu ing FALSEvalues.

Theologi ans have failed to givethe world this PRICELESS KNOWLEDGE .The churches have not taught it.Science does not know it. Educationdoes not disseminate it. All seem tohave glossed over almost enti rely thesecrets of THE QUALITY LIFE - theway that is th e CAUSE of happy living,as well as the gift of eternal life.In the Un ited States we purchased

full-page advertising space in LIFEmagazine several issues, one in LOOK ,and we purc hased advertisi ng space inmany issues of TV GUIDE ( largestmass-circulation in the United States ) .Our ads offered trial subscripti ons toThe PLAIN TRUTH. Also we purchasedregular two-page space for the same ads

in Reader's Digest in many of their foreign editions around the world - inseveral languages - Engl ish, German ,French , Spani sh, Du tch . In additionwe used full pages in the London Sunday T imes and other medi a in England,besides the largest-circulated magazinein Germany, and other countries.The response was OVERWHELMING

- far in excess of expectations. At theend of the three months ' tr ial subscription , these subscribers were offered ayear's already paid subscription. Anastonishingly high percentage renewedfor the full year's subscript ion .Let me give you one example. Our

first two double-page ads in the Englishlangllage edition of Reader' s Digest inIndia brought us 20,000 new subscribers . W e had expected only a thousand or so - from Indi a, since it wasthe English language edition . W e werenot prepared to get so MANY copiesmailed to subscribers in India. W e raninto complications getting such hugeshipments of magazines in to Indi a formailing.

The PLAIN TRUTH is pr inted on ourown huge web-fed magazine presses,full color, at Pasad ena, at N orth SydneyAustral ia, and at Radlett, England . Th eshipment to India had to go from ourSydney plant. We had to send our manager f rom Australia to Bombay toinvestigate regu lations by which thismight be done. We had to fly him,then, all the way to Pasad en a to go intoconference with executives at Headquarters to plan ways to accomplish thi s. Itwas going to mean at least a two-monthdelay get ting in the first shipment ofmagazines .So I wrote a new ad, rushed it to

Reader's Digest to be publ ished in thethird issue of our campaign in theirmagazine . The two-page headline said:"WE APOLOGISE but )' 011su.amped us!" Th us we EXPLAINED toReader's Digest subscribers in India

{Continued on page 48)

Personal from the EditorMust America Police

The World? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/lO h, Was That YOU

Scream ing?/I 7Europe Con fronts

Environmental Crisis 9Advance News 15

Prehistorians Puzzle OverWorldw ide MammalMassacre 17

Wi ll Amazonia Feed theWorld? 25

What You Can Do 31The Growing Crisis of

Pestic ides in Agriculture ... 33Whe n School is Out -

W ha t The n? 41TV Log 44

R a d ~ Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

u. S . Na vy PhotoOUR COVER

An A-4 Skyha wk lands aboard thea ttack car r ier U.S.S. Hancock. Atpresent , near ly 1,200 ,000 U. S. servicem en are standing guard aroundthe globe, serving as world policemen against the constant threat ofcommun ism.


4/52

MUSTtheIt is the U. S. - not SovietRussia - that keeps theworld from exploding, thatholds the KEY to the world's"balance of power." Howlong can the U. S. continuewithout faltering?

by Raymond F. McNairWashington , D.C.AT THIS MOMENT, nearly 1,200,000.n. U. S. servicemen stand guard on

the seven continents and pat rolthe seven seas.

Since 1945, America has replacedBritain as policeman for the free W estern World.

But very few realize that, in actualfact, the U. S. has in many ways servedas world policeman, even policing, to acertain exten t, the Communist nations .

America - a W orld SupergiantWhen- this earth's most horrifying

bloodbath ended in 1945 (over 50 million perished in World War I I) , America alone of all major nations was leftltnweakened. Great Britain, France,Italy, Germany, Japan and the USSR all of the earth's major nations exceptthe U. S. - were left in a greatly weakened or totally defeated condition.

The United States, insulated by theAtlantic and Pacific Oceans, emerged

up, Photo


5/52

Americaorld? Policefrom W orld W ar II undevastated bywar. Comparatively few of her citizens- in comparison with nations like theUSSR, Germany, Great Britain, Chinaor Japan - had died in that globalstruggle.

In tooling up for armaments, theU. S. grew in industrial might and prosperity , and appea red to th rive dur ingthat period of worldwide turmoil.

Before W orld W ar II , the U. S. andGrea t Brit ain shared in the control ofthe seven seas. Most of the major "seagates," like the Suez Canal, Singapore,the Cape of Good Hope, the PanamaCanal and Gibraltar belonged to them.

Great Britain and her far-flungEmpire ruled over one quarter of theearth's peop les and land surface.Great Britain, together with the Commonwealth and the U. S., domin atedworld banking and finance.

But during Worl d W ar II , G reat Britain was hur t badly. Many of her citieswere bombed. She lost many of her bestyoung men . Most significant of all , shehad to convert many of her incomeproducing assets into badly neededarmaments for war.

At the conclusion of the war, she wasin a very weakene d economic condition,and she has never fully recovered. Onlynow - 25 years later - has hereconomy begun to imp rove. Britain'spost-World-War -II economic malaise hascaused her to be referred to as "TheSick Man of Europe."

Man tle of World LeadershipFalls on U .S.Great Britain, realizing her weakened

position, relinquished the mantle ofworld leadership in favor of the U. S.America was somewhat reluctant toaccept it. Britain began retreating fromher former responsibi lities - closingdown her foreign outposts, giving awayher vast g lobe-girdling Empire. She nowplans to ioitbdreu. f rom east of Suez by1972, leaving a power vacuum in thatarea.

Some believe the world today wouldbe a much safer, happier, more prosperous place in which to live had Britain retained her stable rule - even asher great leader, Sir Winston Churchill,wanted his nation to do.

What About t he USSR?During World War II , the USSR was

hurt more than any European nat ionexcept Germany. Over 15 milli on Sovietcitizens were killed. Much of her country was devastated, her cities destroyed ,her economy impoverished .

Only massive infusi ons of Lend -Leasefrom the U. S. prevented Soviet Russiafrom totally collapsing under the fullweight of Hitler's bb tzkr;eg.

The U. S. sent to Soviet Russia manythousands of planes, tanks, heavy gun s,plus innumerable other weapons and anever-ending supp ly of badly neededfoodstuffs . Soviet Russia's heroic soldierswould have succumbed to the German

war machine had not her Western alliesimmediately come to her material rescue. It was primarily U. S. aid whichhelped the Soviet Union hold its ownuntil the nation could beg in mobilizingits potenti al.

And remember, the U. S. and GreatBritain gave Soviet Russia this massiveaid in spite of the fact that Joseph Stalin and Adol f Hitler had previouslysigned a non-aggression pact just priorto W orld W ar II .

By mid-1945 Germany lay in smolder ing ruins. By August of that yearJapan lay prostrate in the wake ofnuclear holocaust. Italy, beaten, hadbecome an ally befo re the war's end .

Cold W ar BeginsThis left the All ies in full control of

the entire globe. Their will became law.They could carve up the world as theysaw fit. That is what they did.

It soon became evident that SovietRussia was determined to plant theheavy Communist boot firmly on asmuch of Eastern Europe as she could .The Communists were moving fast totake over Greece when a fast-actingChurchill and the British Army saved aprostrate Greece from slipping into theSoviet orbit.

Soon , it became apparent that a realcold war was on. The Communistslaunched a program of worldwide subversion and int rigue.

Only one nation had the economic


6/52

4 Tbe PLAIN TRUTH April-May, 1970

$932BILLION

$655BILLIONINCLUDING,

USSRRED CHINAE. GERMANYN. KOREAN. VIETNAMCUBAMONGOLIA

TOTAL GOODS ANDSERVICES PRODUCED 1969

Based on pre liminary estimates by U. S. Deportment of Commerce , McGraw-HiliDepo rtment of Economics, and New York Times Encycloped ic Almanac.

$427BILLION

UNITEDSTATES

E. EUROPEANSATELLITENATIONS

COMMUNISTBLOC

INCLUDING,w. GERMANY

FRANCEITALY

BELGIUMNETHERLANDSLUXEMBOURG

COMMONMARKET

$175BILLIONJAPAN

$93BILLION

UNITEDKINGDOMand military power to thwar\ the Communist designs of Russia's Stalin (andlater , of Communist China's leaders) !On ly the United States could prevent

Communism from sweeping around theworld. The U. S. and Gr eat Bri tain hadfought desperately against Hitler and hiscohor ts - "to make the world safe fordemocracy." Presumably Stalin and theRussians had fought just as fiercelyagainst H itler to make the world safefor Communism.The Western nat ions believed the

democratic way of life (with its freeenterprise system) was far superio r tothe Soviet brand of Socialism or Communism. Th e Russians felt just asdeeply that the Socialist or Communisticway of life was the superior way "the wave of the future ."Th ese two ways of life - these two

syst ems - were diametrically opposedto each other. There could be no realagreement, no harmony between them.Thes e two opposing systems soonbecame locked in deadly economic,political and ideological battle - eachstriving to avoid a direct militaryconfrontation .

America Alone Had A-bombThe Communists accuse the U. S. of

trying to domin ate the world . Had

America wante d, she could undoubtedlyhave become the undisputed master ofthe world in the wake of World WarII.Soviet Russia had been hurt so badly

by Germany in the war, that she did nothave a strong enough economy to evenbegin to challenge U. S. leadersh ip inthe world.

And, furthermore, it was the U. S. not Soviet Russia - who was possessorof nuclear weapons at that time. TheSoviet Union would not have stood anearth ly chance against the indus trial andmilitary might of America - had theU. S. really wanted to knock Communism out with her nuclear muscle whilethe USSR was without the A-bomb .But, of course, America didn't want

to rnle the world. She merely wanted tosee all the world at peace and economically able to trade with her.America's history shows that the U . S.

has tried to preserve the balance ofpower in the world . For generations theAng lo-Saxon nations have stood againstevery foe who has dared to raise hisugly head, and have hitherto defeatedtheir enemies.As long as the Angl o-Saxon power

combine ( the U. S. and Great Britain)stood firmly together , no nation on theface of th is earth , nor any combina tion

of nations, could overpower them. Th atis how powerful America and Britainhave been. And the whole world knewwe were powerful.By contrast, it is the avowed aim of

the Communists to overthrow capitalismand take control of any nation or territory whenever possible. It is also truethat Communism has never taken deep,firm root in any modern , prosperousnation. It has never been able to compete with a free society.

The Communist parties of Italy andFrance obtained their footing shortlyafter W orld W ar II , when those nationswere in poverty and misery. As the standard of living has risen in France andItaly, the power of Commun ism haswaned . Communism always loses itsappeal in those countr ies where a well ordered, prosperous society prevails.Realizing this important fact, theU. S. pumped nearly fifty billion dol-

lars into a prostra te Europe wherenearly two hundred mill ion Europeanswere living at or near starvation level atthe close of World War II. I f Europehad not been helped back on it s economic feet - and qu ickly - the Commun ist boot would have become firmlyplanted in Western Europe.America pump ed that seemingly

never-ending supply of U.S. dolla rs (in


7/52

April-Ma y, 1970the form of Marshall Plan Aid ) intoWestern Europe to make sure Europecould again take her rightful pl ace inthe world as a prosperous, stable,dynam ic tr ading area. She has sincebecome so pros perous that Communismfailed to gain more than limited appeal.

W hy America Becam eWor l d Policeman

Th e "T ruman Doctrine" outl inedAmerica's will to defend economicallyand militarily not only W estern Europe,but all impoverished nations of theworld where Communism threatened totake over either by subvers ion or bydirect military intervention.

Th e Un ited States began a policy of"conta inment." U . S. policy pl annersbecame convinced that Communismcould and must be contained or itwould take over the entire earth , destroying all forms of W estern democracyin its wake.

Th at is how the mant le of worldleadership fell up on American shoulders.America is, indispu tably, the wealth

iest country in the world . Since "moneyis the sinews of war" it is evidentthat America, in a sense, has hadto assume the role of world policeman .This responsibility for policing theworld was thr ust upon the United Statesin spite of much reluctance on the par tof many Americans to assume th is role.Both Communists and non-Commu

nists know that had not the U. S. beenfirm at the end of W orld W ar II had she not decided to pour billion s ofdollars of direct economic and militaryaid into the world's impoverishednations - then surely, by now, Communism would have engulfed mostcountries throughout the world .

Can America Bo w Ou t ?How long must America continue topolice the world? Even if the U. S.wanted to rel inquish her role of beingworld policeman, is it possible ? Or, likehaving a ferocious tiger by the tail, isthe U. S. unable to let loose of herresponsibility of policing the world without leaving a power vacuum thatCommunism would easily and quickly fill? Most non-Communist nationswould tremble to see America take suchprecipitous action .

Th e PLAIN TRUTHPoliceman America even now stands

alone as a supergiant compared withthe Soviet Union. An d the Soviets knowth is (a t least those in power ) far betterthan the average American or Briton.Soviet Russia still compares un favorablywith the U. S. in terms of economicpower or real military power - whenrightly evaluated and pro perly understood.

Unpr ecedented W eal than d Power

Never in the history of the world hasany nation or people had such unprecedented prosperi ty, such a high standardof living, such unbounded mate rialblessings showered upon them !N ever in the history of man has

any nation or emp ire had power orinfluence comparable to that which theU. S. now wields.Do you realize just how incomparably

wealthy and power ful this supergiantreally is ? Do you really understand whyAmerica has been able to prop up somany scores of nations all around th isearth - with little or no real strain onits seemingly limitless resources?Here's why !America' s annual gross national pro

duct (GNP - includes all goods andseruicesy is expected to reach theone-trillion-do lla r mark by the end of1970. Can you really grasp how muchwealth that represents ? No, you reallycan't.Th is one-tr ill ion-do llar U. S. GNP is

an estimated two times greater than theG NP of Soviet Russia !The U. S. produces nearly twice the

annu al GN P as all the Common Marketnations plus Britain.Th e state of California alone pro

duces a G NP grea ter th an all of Communist China! Californi a's GN P is overtwice that of Ind ia, and nearly as largeas all of France. Th e state of Ill inoisproduces an annual G NP approx imatelyequal to the G NP of all the nat ions ofAf rica.

Th e annual U . S. G NP is one thirdof the annual GN P of the en tire world !Furthermore, there are a number of

large companies in the U. S. that take infar more money annually than most ofthe central governments of the world .

5General Motors' 1968 revenues (5 2 2.8

billion) were larger than the GNPof over 100 of the 126 member nat ionsof the United Na tions. Standard Oi l ofNew Jersey ($1 4 .09 billion) and theFord Motor Co. (S 14.08 bill ion ) bothhave larger gross incomes and rei/westmore money tha n the majority ofnations. Such is the annu al gross incomeof a number of the giant corporationsof the United States.

That is how the U. S. has been ableto shoulder the lion's share of the economic and military burdens of the FreeWorld.

When it comes to annual budgets, nobudget of any government or corporation can begin to compare with thebudget of the U. S. Government. Itmust surely be the envy of every nation.Th e U. S. Government's annual budgetis now running about 200 bill ion dollars! (T hat is 83.3 thousand milli onpounds sterl ing .) And her annualdefense budget alone runs over 70 billion dollars - several times greaterthan the ent ire gross national productof most nations on this earth. All U. S.all ies combined spend less than 30billion dollars for defense.Ameri ca's all ies rely heavily upon

U. S. nuclear might to provide a protective umbrella over their countries. Th eywant her to continue to police the sevenseas so they can go on trading freely.They wish to see her prevent Commurusrn from engulf ing the rest ofthe world , thereby wipin g out theireconomies.

Crushing Tax BurdenAme rican taxpayers are beginning to

tire of carrying thi s heavy load- tire ofpicking up the bill for policing theworld. The load IS getting heavier andheavier.Accord ing to a recent Harri s Poll,32% of Americans believe the U. S.should "stop policing the world."In fact, American taxpayers have to

pay, on an average, about twenty-fivecents out of each dollar in Federal, andeleven cents in state and local taxes totall ing 36 cents of each dollar theyearn!It isn' t easy to pay over one thi rd of

your earn ings in taxes - much of whichgoes to pay for the economic and


8/52

6military suppo rt of )'o" r nation's allies.It's discouraging to hear those sameallies chanting, "Yanks , go home":Perhaps we can better understand whya growing minority of Americans havejoined in a new chorus: "Yanks, comehome!" Envy, abuse and varied formsof anti-Am eri can ism are commonworldwide.There is a big price to be paid for

policing the world - and preciouslittle thanks or gratitude!

What Made America Powerful?What is it that has made America so

wealthy and powerful - the undi sputed leader in today's chaotic, strife-r idden world?America's great national homeland

(her tremendous birth right) is a landrich in natural resources : a plentifulwater supply, abundant deposits of minerals and petroleum, and some of theworld 's richest, most productive soil.And the U. S. is favored with a

benign climate. \But there is something about the

Anglo-Saxon and Ulste r-Scot heritagethat has given the American peoples acertain inborn dynamism not found inmost other peoples of the earth!The influx of other nationalities,

which later arrived in the U. S. in largenumbers ( Irish, Germans, Scandinavians, Dutch, French, Italians, andPoles, etc.), have also con tributed to therich Amer ican heritage, giving the peoples of America a truly internationalheritage, outlook and background .The early immigrants to the U. S.

were an adventurous, hardworking,devout, often-persecuted, enterprisingtype who were able to make their ownway in the world, elbow to elbow withthe next fellow.Th e American way of life ( thoughpossessing many shortcomings) tends to

foster a free, dynamic civilization wh ichproves a spur to priv ate initia tive andpersonal incentive. Communism, on theother hand , teaches the individual to letthe Party or State make many of hisdecisions for him - thus stiflinginitiative, and thereby smothering muchof the free spirit that fosters all that wecommonly refer to as progress.But few realize the true heritage

the real destiny - of the Uni ted States

Th e PLAIN TRUTHand the British Commonwealth ofnations. You will find it explained in ourfree book, Th e United Slates and theBritish Cammal/wealth ill Prophecy.Write for it. It explains the source ofU. S. wealth , power and internationaldominance.

America's MissionWas America destined to police theworld?Notice this significant comment from

Life magazine, June 13, 1960 : ."The United States is rightl y num

bered among those nations for which abenevolent sense of national p"rpose -or, as I prefer, of mission - has been ahistorical necessity. We h.ive been, likethe children of Israel , a 'peculiar treasure.' Upo n us dest ill)' has bestowedspecial favor; of us it has thereforeasked special effort. Because men likeWashington and Lincoln sensed thisgrand truth and acted consciously uponit, we have counted more heavily in history than our size and wealth, howevermajestic, would seem to have warranted.

"The world , we must think, wouldbe in a far different and unhappier situation tod ay if there had never been aUnited States."Many around the world would agree

with this sentiment. Some would not.America is certainly not doing aperfec t job policing the world. But the

world would be in a chaotic, perilousposition if the U. S. weren' t exercisinga worl dwide poli cing influence. Andthough the job is enormous and extremely costly, the Uni ted States has determined to pay the pr ice.

But, Is Pol ic ing The WorldEnough?

Let's examine the record . No nationhas ever successfully policed the world.No nation or group of nations has everestablished a police force capabl e ofguiding the world wisely, justly and infairness to all people.Th e League of Nations, and later the

United Nations raised the world's hopes- both proved totally inept as worldpeace-keeping forces. The Uni ted Statesnow carries the burden, and it's becoming increasingly more difficult to manage.But, is policing the world enough?

Is it creating peace? Will it provide a

Apri l-May, 1970solution to war between peoples andnations? The obvious answer to all suchquestions is NO! Policing the world isonly providing temporary restrainingforce. It doesn't solve the real problem.It doesn't treat the cause, it onlystruggles with the effect!One of the most respected military

leaders of our time, General DouglasMacArthur, explained the situation thisway. "Men since the beginning of timehave sough t peace . . . military alliances,balances of powers, leagues of nations,all in turn failed, leaving the only pathto be by way of the crucible of war.Th e utter destructiveness of war nowblots out this alternative. IVe have hadottr last chalice. If we will not devisesome greater and equitable system, ourArmageddon will be at our door. Theproblem basically is TH EOLOGICAL andinvolves a spiritual recrudescence, andimprovement of human character thatwill synchronize with our almost matchless advances in science, art, literature,and all materia l and cultura l developments of the past two thousand years.It must be of the spirit if we are tosave the flesh."These are shocking words , especially

when coming from a militar y mana man well versed in the efforts ofstrugg ling for international peace.

No , policing the world is not theanswer. Peace on this planet demands agreater effort. It demands a change inthe basic character of humanity, a changein human values, a change in you andme. Only by changing individual, personal goals and values - from concernfor self to real concern for others will we be able to change the courseof world events and insure man'shuman ity to man.A difficult cha llenge? Yes ! But it

mnst be done, and it WILL be done!Wh y don't you determine to have apart in meeting that challenge ? Beginby writi ng for a booklet that thoroughlyexplains today's world crises - withprojected solutions for the future. It 'stitled "The Wonderful World Tomorrow, W hat It W ill Be Like," and it'!'sent without charge. It will open youreyes to what the Twenty-first Centurywill really be like. .Write for it today. You will be glad

you did! 0


9/52


10/52

8raped me !" About 20 persons wereattracted by her cries. She fell downthe last several steps to the first-floorlanding. The crowd grew to 40persons. Th e girl, sobbing and screaming, was left lying on the floor,clad on ly in a jacket, as the crowd quietly looked. N ot one person moved tohelp the gi rl. Policemen, arr iving later,had to shove some of the crowd aside toreach the str icken girl.In Philadelphia, a crowd of shoppers

stood watching as a 62-year-old womangrappled with a purse snatcher. Thewoman, Edith E. Lambert, is partiallycrippled. She was waiting for a buswhen she discovered a man attemptingto stea l her wallet from her purse . Shegrabbed the wallet , and punched theman in the face. He tried to board a busto escape, but she grab bed his coattailsand hung on, screaming, "Don' t let himon the bus - don't move the bus!Don't let him get away!"Police said the woman bravely hung

on until an officer arrived. Severalbystanders offered encouragement. Oneman said, "Go ahead, lady, give it tohim !"But none offered to help .Mrs. Lambert said she regretted not

having used her cane on the man.In San D iego, California, two police

men were injured in an automobileaccident near a driv e-in restaurant.Customers jeered derisively as carhopsrushed to their aid. "Let them die who cares?" commented one onlooker.Unbelievably, one spectator looted acarhop's pocket of coins while she washelping one of the accident victims.

"Go Ahead and Jump!"Richard Roland Reinemann, 19 years

of age, was having a life-and-deathstruggle - with himself. He was pacing back and forth on a narrow ledgeatop the II -story DeWit t Clinton Hotelin Albany, New York, obviously intenton suicide. A crowd gathered on thelawn of the State Capitol across thestreet, and soon police and firemenrushed to the scene. Spotlig hts wereturned on the youth, and radio and television stations carried reports of th e boyatop the bu ilding threatening to leapto his death . Th e reports swelled

The PLAIN TRUTHthe crowds as many rushed to see."Chicken!" screamed someone - "Goahead 'and jump!" Richard paced backand forth ' along the ledge. "I hope hejumps on this side," a well-dressedonlooker remarked, "We could n' t seehim if he jumped over there."Some of Richard's relatives were

rushing to the scene.A man in the crowd was heard to say,

"That kid isn't faking. I'll bet 10 buckshe jumps." Someone took the bet.By the time the boy's frightened rela

tives arrived, the crowd numbered about3,000 persons . "I can't wait around allnight, I just missed my favorite television show," said one woman. Whenthe distraught youth was finally pulledto safety, the crowd broke up, andbegan drift ing away. The betting mancursed, and said, "H e cost me 10bucks !""These people wanted him to jump

- they really wanted to see him die,"said a fireman, shaking his head indisbelief.And then there was that "Palm Sun

day" in Los Angeles. At about 11:00a.m., "Christians" were going to andfrom services, in seasonal observance,presumably, of the crucifixion and resurrection of Christ, who gave the exampleof the "Good Samaritan."A newspaper photographer noticed

traffic swinging wide to avoid anautomobile which had crashed into alight standard. As the photographerneared, he saw a man lying in full viewof the passing motorists , obviouslyunconscious and injured. The photographer radioed for help over equipment carried in his automobile, and,satisfied he could offer no other immediate assistance, quickly photographedthe unbel ievable spectacle for therecord. The picture he took shows thein jur ed man lying beside his car, andthe traffic continuing on. Anothermotorist finally stopped - to lightflares - and then continued.-When police investigated, they found

the horn had been blowing incessantlyfrom the moment of impact, finallystopping only when the battery wentdead . A resident of the area said shehad seen the crash, and that anotherman had fled the scene, dazed and

April-May, 1970bleeding. She hadn't bothered to notifyanyone.

Canada no ExceptionIn Montreal, Canada, a 23-year-old

waitr ess, Patricia Cunn ingham, hadbeen beaten, choked, stabbed andslashe d by vicious assailants in whatwas described by police as one of themost brutal attacks recalled by thedepartment.Th e victim, bleeding from at least 75

razor slashes, crawled barely consciousdown the hallway of her apartmentafter the brut al attack by three men. Shetapped weakly on a door for help, andhad the door slammed in her face.Police said a neighbor, answering the

feeble knock, was shocked by the sight,and slammed the door - then calledthe owner of the apartment building.He in turn called police. The victim

required six hours of surgery to helpher survive.

A Case 10 Aust raliaIn Australia, a man was held down

in a city street by 15 teen-agers, kicked,punch ed, spat upon, robbed of $70.00,and left unconscious. "Kill him ! Killhim!" screamed the gi rl friends of thegang , who were watching.The man's piteous screams were

heard by crowds leaving a nearby cinema. Some looked the other way.Others watched, briefly.

But no one offered to help.So the victim, reviving, went to the

Darlinghurst police station to report theincident. "Sorry, it's not in our district,"he was told. "You should have goneto central." So he called a cab to takehim to a hospital for treatment.Remarkably, en route to the hospital, herecognized part of the gang whichattacked him. He asked the cabbie tocall his base on the taxi's rad io, andnotify police. He was refused . The cabdriver said, "Not on your life, mate, itdidn' t happen in my cab."The man, Rocco Di Zio, an Italian,

and managing editor of an Italian language newspaper, said, "It seems that inSydney you could be bashed, robbed,and even dying, and nobody wouldcare."Th ese are ' only a few of the recent

sickening episodes, revealing a shameful(C ontinued on page 39)


11/52

Amba ssador Coll e ge PhatoEUROPECONFRONTS

ENVIRONMENTALCRISISWestern Europe's leaders are worried. Scientists , politicalleaders, even members of royalty are urging concerted, unitedaction on the com mon enemy - widespread, nearly uncon-trolled po llution and environmental decay . The very heritage

of Europe's rich cultural past is at stake.by Gene H. Hogberg

Strasbourg, Franc eW ESTERN EUROPE is threatened.Th e danger th is time is notfro m wit hout - that is, Communist aggress ion - but rath er fromwi thin . I t is Eur op e' s own burgeoningprospe rity that is th reatening to swampthe continent under a swell ing tide ofpollution .

The Rhine - " Sewer of Eu rope"T he most important environmental

confe rence ever held in Europe wasrecent ly concluded here in this somberFrench city on the Rh ine River.

Th e Rhine.This aquatic superhi ghway, the world's

busiest river , exemplifies the gravity of


12/52

IMembers : Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Den-mark , Federa l Republic of Germany, France,Iceland , Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,Net herlands, Norway, Sweden , Switzerland,Turkey, United Kingdom.

Besides the Council of Europe member states", several other European statestogether with delegates from the UnitedStates and Canada and 60 internationalorganizations were in attendance.In their speeches the thr ee members

of royalty clearly traced Europe's envi ronmental crisis to three factors-population, urbanization and industrial ization. And behin d these secondary causes, they noted, lay th eprimary causes of human greed, theboundless appetite of affluent Europeansfor more and more material goods, and,as Prince Albert stated it, man's breaking of the "immutable laws" whi chgove rn the earth and all life upon it.(See accompanying excerpts from thespeeches of Pr ince Ph il ip and Pr inceAlbert. )This reporter noted that royalty ,

being above politics, can and do speak

was dramatized a year ago when "blacksnow," actua lly greyish snow with blackspots, fell on eastern Norway and western Sweden. Swedish scien tists con cluded the airbo rne pollutants hadwafted in from West Germany's Ruhrdistrict.It was against the background of

these and similar examples that theEuropean Conservation Conference washeld.

Ambassodof College PhotoOne wash that won't ge t "whiter than white." Steelworks town of Port Talbotin South Wales. Quality of urban l ife is declining rapidly throughout Europe.

European Conservation Ye arTh e conference was organized by the

Council of Europe, the leadi ng nonpo litical consultative organization inEurope. Th e assembly, designed tostr ess the urgent need fo r Europeancoope ration on environmental issues,kicked off the Council's "EuropeanConservation Year."Part icipating were Prince Ph ilip of

Bri tai n, Prince Bernhard of the Ne therlands, and Prince Albert of Liege(brother of King Baudouin of Belgium) ,along with about 350 governmentexp erts, parliamentarians, conservationists, educators, and industrialists.

Europe's environmental cr isis. It IS acrisis that spans national borders.

The Rhine, pure at its gl acial source,rises in Switzerland . Halfway on itscourse to the sea it has accumulated24,000 "undesirable organisms" percubic centimeter.By the time it courses through th e

industri al heartland of Germany andfinally empties into the N orth Seathrough the N etherlands, the Rh ine haspicked up the burden of a dozen addi tional major cities, plus the wastes ofnumerous tributaries. Its germ tall yamounts to a phenomenal 2,000,000per cubic cen timeter!Lit tle wond er the Rhine is called "the

sewer of Europe." And the microbecount, of course, says nothing of theabundant array of industrial wastes andtoxic chemi cals the river transports, orof the occasional chemical spill that cankill mill ions of fish .Such an accidental spill ki lled an

estimated 40 million fish along a 250 mil e stretch of the Rhi ne last summer."Rivers of air" - preva il ing air cur

rents - also are intern ationalizingEurope's contamination . The problem


13/52

Apr il-May, 1970out much more boldly on major issuesthan do elected officials.

In the three subsequent days ofthe conference, officials from all themember nations discussed the horrendouschronicle of environmental woes.

Populations Grow - SoDo Cities

Europe is already the most denselypopulated continent. Yet, even with thelowest current rate of increase, it isprojected that in three decades Europe'spopulation will rise by another 200 million inhabi tants.

Worse, the vast majority of these willcrowd into already congested areas.

Europe was not always this way. Inthe 18th century 80% of the populationwas still empl oyed in agriculture andlived in the country. Then the ind ustrialrevolution radically altered the situation.

In highly industrialized Europeancountries the agricultural population isnow less than 20% . In the future thepercentage will tend to fall yet further- perhaps as low as 3.2% .

The Netherlands is a case in point.In this densely packed nation, a landwith a great trad ition of agrarian activity, the percentage of the populationemployed in agr iculture decreased from45% in 1850 to 9% in 1968. I t is estimated that thi s figure will be reduced toabout 3% by the end of this century.And in only a few years' time it isexpected that the built -up areas betweenAmsterdam and the Belgian front ierwill form a single city.

In France, the trend is much thesame, even though a larger percentageof Frenchmen are rural dweller s.

In France no less than 150,000people working in agriculture leave theland every year to move to the cities. I fthe trend continues, the number ofinhabitants of the towns, large and smallalike, will have doubled by 1985. Morethan four fifths of the population willbe concentrated Jl1 towns and cities bythat date.

An interesting statistic is that almost60% of Parisians are born in the country. Even though a relative depopula tion of the heart of the big cit ies isoccurring in France, there is at the same

II W e cannot post-pone decis ions anylonger. The bu rdenof responsibility restssquarely on us andour generation."

Tbe following are excerpts of a speechgive n by His Royal Highness Prince Philip ,Duke of Edinburgb, at tbe ope/ling cere-1110ny of the European Conservation Confer-ence ill Strasbourg, France, February 9,1970.

People realise th a t the last hundred yearshave witnessed a scientific and technologicalexplosion. Most people are now aware tha tthe re has al so been an increase in humanpopulation to almos t p lague proportions.Wha t is less obvious perhaps is that thisfal l-out f rom the technological explosionhas li ttered Europe with immense indu strial complexes bel chi ng pollution into the

ai r and in to the water; wh ile the increasein human populat ion has created cities bigger th an the world has eve r known and intense over-crowding in almos t all parts ofthe country.Between them technology and mankindhave crea ted a vast network of roa d, ra iland air transpor t systems and a prob lem inrefuse and waste di sposa l which has comp le tely defeated our effor ts to control it .

For genera tio ns agriculture has been apa rtnership 'with nature. Today the pressureto increase ou tpu t is so intense that farmershave to gr asp at every chemical and mechanical means of increasing production andthey have to bring every available acre intouse. In tens ive research helps them to destroy pes ts and weeds, bu t their destructioninevitably interferes wi th some long established de lic ate food chain. Today factorymetho ds have taken over in crop and animal production.

Th is combined assault on the land, onthe air, on the water and on the last foodsupplies of wild populations is rapidly destroying a large number of other li vingth ings and threatening many more whichare not immediately useful or profitable toman.

Above all we have go t to face the unpalatable fact that the conservation of ourenvironmen t is going to cost a very grea tdeal of money, an d the denser the humanpopulation becomes the more expensive itwill be. Destruct ion of wildlife cannot bereversed. We cannot pos tpone decisions

Amb assador College Photo

any longer. The burden of re sponsibilityres ts squarely on us and ou r generation.Even without any further research we

know enough to be able to pu t many th ingsright. We also know quite enough to beable to say in wh ich direction researchprogrammes should be aimed. More research is certainly needed bu t we mus t atal l costs guard against the temptation toallow research programmes to become excuses for doing nothing else . Research andaction must go on at the same tim e.

It is just as well to recognise that anymeasures taken to protect our environmentwill be unpopular in some quarters a ndthey will inevitably cut across nationalboundaries. They will certainly be condemned as unwarranted interference or forpreventing necessary development. Somewill be politically inconvenient. Others willbe dismissed as administratively awkward .

The problem which confronts this Con ference, which confronts Europe and indeedthe whole world, is to decide what restrictions are necessary to protect ou r naturalenvironment from our own exploitation.It is totally useless for a lo t of well meaning people to wring their hands in conference and to point ou t the dangers of pollu tion or destruction of the countryside.I f no one is willing or capable of takingany action, it will be a was te of time andeffort to establish even the most brillian tad visory body if there is no way of puttingits advice into effect.

This great Conference itself will meannothing at a l l - in spite of the wisdom ofits distinguished members-if it does notlead to practical conservation measures inevery European country. All its discussionsand resolutions wi ll quick ly disappear intothe polluted atmosphere, if this meetingdoesn't produce more closely organised internation al co-operation between responsible and effective government departments.All the imp ass ioned speeches will be somuch effluent under the bridge unles s itis foll owed by drastic political acti on. Timeis fast running ou t and it r emains to be seenwhether those in political authority canshoulder their responsibi li t ie s in time andact .quickly enough to r el ieve a situationwh ich gr ows more ser ious every day .


14/52

The PLAIN TRUTHtime a strong increase In suburbanizati on.

"Arti ficial Civilization"This enormous "implosion" into

cities and their sprawling unplannedsuburbs has created , as Prince Albertcalled it, a "completely artificial civilizati on" for most Europeans.People's horizons have become

extremely limited as they are furtherremoved from natural surroundings.In a Counci l of Europe publication,

par ts of European subur bia weredescribed as "in div idua l houses, small,mediocre and monotonous, surroun dedby tiny garden plots which are the onlyoutlet for the personal taste of each

Dead sea b ird s, above left ,washed as hore on No rth Wa lesco ast. Left , u lce r- ridden sealwhich swam on to Co rnwall shore.Both incidents occu rred in Novembe r 196 9. A ppa rent cause wasunidentified industr ial pol lu tantwhich wa s re leased into water sall a long western British coast.Below, sewa ge is treat ed withoxygen be for e bei ng releasedinto the Wupper, We st Ge rmany'smost pollute d river . River dra insheavily industrialized W uppertalregion.

Ambassador College Photo s

April-May, 1970owner, expressed in the idiosyncraticarrangement of his scrap of kitchen garden , his patch of lawn, his few yards offence, with the result that these drearyplots combine the worst features of un iformity and diversity alike."Th is perceptive report added:"The final decline of the area result

ing from this nondescript concentrationof separate houses is difficult to prevent,precisely because this type of housingfulfills the deepest dreams of the greatmajority of the population in certaincountries. In France, for instance, anenquiry elicited th at 82 percent of theFrench prefer small houses to flats, andthe devotion to a small garden may wellbe attributed to the resurgence of a peasan t past which , in a population onlyrecently urbanized, is never far d istant. "Such type housing, unfortunately, is

also the dream of most Britons as well.Over 4090 of the population in theUnited Kingdom is jammed into sixgiant conurbations.

Thi s, realize sociologists, is simply noway to live.

Chaos in the CountrysideConcurrent with the rush to the cities

has been a phenomenal rush out of thecities into the countryside for holidaysand recreational activities . Affluence, too,fuels the rapid growth in leisure.An entire session at the Strasbourg

conference was devoted to the detri men tal impact of leisure activities uponEurope's ecology.

New roads and airports rip up th ousands of acres of greenery every year,much of it to fill the tourist and recreationa l requirements of affluent, highlymobile, urban escape-seekers.Th e total number of automobiles 10

the 17 Council of Europe nations hasincreased from 21 milli on to nearl y 50million in only seven years!Incr easing numbers of human feet,

sometimes even motorcycles, trample th efrag ile ecology of coastal sand duneareas of England and Denmark. Partsof the Mediterranean coast are becomingoverdeveloped tragedies.Haphazard constructi on of both sum

mer and wint er homes worries officials ofEurope's most scenic lands. In Nor way and Sweden, increasing secondhome development in mountain areas


15/52

Apr il-May, 1970not served by sewage systems hasresulted in considerable pollution oflocal streams. In Norway, less than 3percent of second homes are connectedto a common sewage system.

Foul Air, Fetid Wate rEurope's leaders are not just con

cerned about the quality of life theirpeoples enjoy. They are above all worried about the health-destroying poisonous climate that increasing numbersof Europeans are forced to live in.

Industrialization has brought a highermaterial standard of living - but at abig price.

Take Europe's air, for example.Mad rid and Milan are in a race for

the dubious honor of Europe 's "smogcapital."

Rapid industrialization, mushroomingpopulation and a fantastic increase incar ownership by an expanding midd leclass are the ingredients for Madrid'sbefouled atmosphere. Th e city was oncenoted for its pure air.

In Milan, heart of Italy's industrialnorth , smog is so bad during the winterthat some residents go about with handkerchiefs around their heads to covernose and mouth. In the 196869 winter,80 percent of Milan's children sufferedrespirato ry ailmen ts.

All across Italy, art treasures arebeing irreparably damaged by industrialair pollution and automobile exhausts.The problem is especially acute inVenice.

Europe's waters are reeling under anonslaught of industrial expansion. Mostof Switzerland's big lakes are now polluted . Lake Zurich, once clean andproductive, is now, according to aCouncil of Europe report, "an evilsmelling muddy sewer." Lake Constanceis rapidly undergoing eutrophication.Lake Geneva is also suffer ing frompollution.

Swiss chemical and textile industriesare given much of the blame.

Finland - the famous land of lakes- is under close scrutiny by ecologists .Already 10-15 percent of Finland'sinternal waters are pollu ted.

Finnish industry is confined to thesouth, where the population density isalso greatest. Contrary to what might besupposed , Finland has a poor supply of

"Self-discipline, areturn to reason isthe mental revolution that the indus-trial world mustaccept . . ."

T be [oll oi oing are excerp ts of a speechgiven by His Royal Highn ess Prin ce A lbertof Liege {It tbe op en in g cerem ony of tbeEuropean Conseruation Conference.We are her e to launch a campaign which,we ho pe, will infl uence no t only the actionof governments but also and especially thebehaviour of ind ividuals. For a year we inEurope sha ll be talking abou t nature, abouttha t nature whose immutable laws man

though t he could v iol at e with impunity,and which is now beginning to take itsreve nge.Tod ay, those who know most abo ut thematter have become frightened and are won

de ring wha t to do . .. .We mus t prevent theproblems of environment, which are such amarvell ou s sub ject for speeches, beingtalked about so oft en that the public become bored with them and abandon them tothe sceptics. That is a real danger that wehave to avoi d.Let us be hones t enough to get to thebottom of the ma tter and ask ourselveswhat has made the problem so acute duringthe las t twenty-five years.

I t is cer tainly the growth in population,but above al l i t is the technological upheaval wh ich makes man hope for morematerial good fortune and therefore ind ucesh im to produce and consume still more. . . .The most serious thing for the communityis not so much the constraint s imposed bythese new and often supe rfluous needs. I tis no t even that thi s artific ia l life makesman forget the simple pleasures. I t is tha t,under ou r present system , each pr iv at e producer manufactures what he thinks he cansell - and he hopes to be able to sell moreand more of it - without consider ing thesocia l cost of hi s activities, for that is tra-ditionally the task of the public authorities.Wha t does it matter if m il li on s of ac re sof land are converted into roads or car parks, if millions of tons of rubbish areburied, burned or th rown into the sea?Wha t does i t matter if ever-increas ing

qua ntities of raw materials are torn fromthe soil as if they were inexhaustible andas if thei r disappearance made no difference?Mank ind makes a god of economic

growth and think s only of speeding it up

Ambassador Coll eg e Photo

withou t, however , being will ing to pay thepr ice. Men seem to bel ieve tha t if techno logy upsets natur e, t echnology can alsorep ai r the damage or, if need be, can protect them from the results of this dangerous disorder. Will it be ou r lot one dayto see the sorc ere r's apprentices that wehave become, going on our picnics dressedin space-suits like those worn by the cosmonauts?

I s incerely believe that the best of ente rprises, such as your own , will r emain a deadletter if we do not tackle the problem at itsroots. There are some needs that are essential ; some targets of progress are reasonab le; but it is no longer healthy to acceptthi s rat race to destruction in the name ofso-called progress which is really anarchy.Man must learn to divide the spoils if thespecies are to survive, and to curb hisappetites. Self -discipline, a return to reasonis the mental revolu tion that the industrialworld must accep t, and which I believewill condition everything else.May I now come back to my last point.Shall I be ou t of order if I suggest a newat titude to mee t this frenzy of economicdevelopment ? Am I naive to suppose thatman will improve to the po in t of becomingless sel fi sh and res tr aining his ap petite forgain ? Am I blind to the point of delusionin belie ving that when the human speciesscents danger it will r eact to ensure its survival?

I think not, so long as the threat is recognized and taken ser iously. It is the reforeimperative to state it clearly, completelyand wit hout pul li ng our punches to sui tany par ticul ar vested interest.It will certainly not be easy to promotea new a tt itude tha t wil l harmonize the desire for progress with the needs d ic ta ted byfact and rea son, more especially as thenecessarily universal and worldwide natureof any planned acti on and the financialsacrifices it involves will be such as to discourage the waverers.Bu t in al l sincerity, have we any choice?Now that we are beginning to realize the

magnitude and the gravity of the problem,dare we r ea ll y le t things slide and bequeathto future generat ions a completely artificialcivilization in a poisoned and hostile environment which would l eave precious Iittleroom for human beings?To do tha t would be to renounce thed ign it y of man.


16/52

14drinking water , because the many lakesare shallow and subject to rapideutrophication as a result of dischargeof domestic and industrial waste matter.Helsinki is supplied with drin kingwater from a lake 160 miles away.According to one I tal ian official, "a

lot of Italian rivers have been changedinto putrid reservoirs of sewage andindustrial waste. Their waters can nolonger be used even for irr igation."

Th roughout Italy, househ old andindustrial liquid waste is dumped intowaters with virtually no treatment. Inthe whole of Italy there are only thirtytwo pu rification plants - one plant forevery thousand communities. Even thepaltry few that exist are for the mostpart small and inefficient.A Du tch report shows the far-reach

ing international effects of water pollution in Europe .Seventy percent of the water in the

Du tch river network comes from othercountr ies and is thu s already heavilypolluted . Th e waters of the Rhine, forexample, now show such an increase inchlorides that they are unsuitable fordesalting the polders - making Du tchland reclamation efforts extremely difficult. Such chlorides are of mineral origin and are dumped into the river inGerman coal-mining areas where salinewater is pumped from the mines.

Europe 's Future "L ake Eries"Wa ter pollution doesn' t end when

Europe's filthy rivers reach the sea.Th e Mediterranean and the Baltic

Seas receive a good share of Europe'swashed-in pollution . Parts of the twovirtually landlocked inland seas, saysone British officia l, could become aspolluted as the eastern part of LakeErie, where many feet of mucky sediment have accumulated.A Fren ch specialist in marine pollu

tion warn s of unlimited constructionand industrial expansion along France'sMediterranean shore. Unl ess firm measures are taken, he says, the continentalshel f of France could become one sterilestretch of black muck from the Spani shto the Italian border.Some fish species have already dis

appeared from accustomed grounds

Tbe PLAIN TRUTHalong the French Riviera. And alongthe coasts of Versilia, southern Tuscany,and Latium in Italy, marine pollution iskilling coastal pines . Long adapted tosaltwater spray, the pines there now aredying where the polluted spray hitsthem.

W ha t to Do ?At the end of the Strasbourg conference, delegates endo rsed a resolution

calling for an urgent European ministerial meeting to coordin ate existinginternational environmental proj ects.It was proposed that such a high

level meeting seriously consider theestablishment of a European politicalauthor ity to supervise the managementof the continent's environment.

Bu t g ian t obstacles lie in the path ofthe establishmen t of such a supranational body with enough politicalmuscle to act.First, the experience in the United

States proves the fru strating difficultyof coordinating efforts among states,counties and municipalities, to do battlewith commonly shared pollution prob lems. In Europe, the problem is compounded by the existence of completelysovereign nations, each with its owngoals and aims, quite often in conflictwith neighboring states.

West Germany, for example, is notlikely to sacrifice its industrial growthrate to solve Europe's envir onmentalproblems unless France, Italy and everyother industrial competitor in Europedoes likewise.And the problem is compounded still

fur ther. Europe as a whole is not likelyto sacrifice its industrial growth - industrial migh t means international powerand prestige - unless its two chiefworld competitors, the United Statesand the Soviet Un ion, do likewise.A Brit ish delegate warned that there

was a danger of upsetting the structureof international industrial competitionif industry in one country took ant i-pollut ion measures which put up prices forits goods.

World C on tr ol N ee de dMost of Al l

Pollution is worldwide. Th e UnitedStates contributes a big share. So doesEurope - both Western Europe and

Apri l-May, 1970the Commun ist bluc in its haste forindustr ial expans ion.Pollution control must be tackled not

on a national or cont inental front buton a world basis.Yet, there is no single coordinated

attack.Instead there is a proliferat ion of

various international bod ies and organizations, each studying the environmenta l crisis, each recommending coursesof action - with of ten contradictoryconclusions - yet all with pitifullyweak power to act.Th e Common Market is investigating

pollution in Europe. So is UNESCO. Sois NATO - formerly restricted todefense matters. So is the Council ofEurope.

W hat is really needed now is a worldgovernment. A government that standsabove the conflicting selfish interests andwasteful purs uits of men and nations.And a government, furt hermore, thatshows man the righ t way to live andhow to get in harmony with "immutablelaws" - to use Prince Albert's phraseology. Th ere are both spiritual lawsgoverning human relationships andphysical laws governing nature and theearth's life systems. But man - thoughreaping the pena lty of breaking theselaws - is woefully ignorant of them.

The PLAIN TRUTH is not alone inrecognizing this compelling need for aworld government. Norman Cousins,editor of Sclt l l rdcl)' Reuieto recently pu tit th is way:

"Humanity needs a world order. Th efully sovereign nation is incapable ofdealing with the poisoning of the environment. W orse than that, the nationa lgovernments are an important part ofthe problem. They create anarchy on thevery level where responsible centersand interrelationships are most needed .. . . Th e nations in their external rolesbecome irresponsible engines of spoilageand destruction."T he management of the planet,

therefore, whether we are talking aboutthe need to prevent war or the needto prevent ultimate damage to theconditions of life, requ ires a worldgovernment."T he need was never more urgent. 0


17/52

advancnewsin the wake of today's WORLD EVENTS

Wo rst Year Ever for the DollarIt is now learned that the Un ited States lost nea rly

$7,000,000,000 in its balance of payments for 1969. I t wasthe worst year ever, top ping the previous record of $3.9bill ion in 1960 . In 1968, the United States registered a

surplus of $ 168,000,000.A deficit occurs basically when foreigners acquire more

dollars from the U. S. than they return in all dealings. Th esedollars held by foreig n central banks may be used to purchase go ld from the T reasury and thu s pose a potenti al th reatto the U. S. go ld stock.

Various reports from Japan and Europe indicate hardtimes ahead in the batt le for a balance of payments surp lus.Japan has rebuffed attempts by United States tr ade negotiatorsto liberalize restrictions on foreign imports. I t is anticipatedthat the U. S. trade deficit with Japan could run as high as1.5 billion th is year. Also, the Common Market has sternlyrejected American charges that it was following protectionistpolicies in its trade with the U . S.

Pred ictions by U . S. officials of a large balance-of-payments sur p lus for 1970 have been noticeably lacking this year.

* * * * ;;: Japan - G iant of Asia

Japan's national power "will carry weigh t it has neverhad befo re in world affairs" in the decade of the 1970's.

Th is, accord ing to Japan's prime minister Eisaku Satoin his recent sta te-of -the-nation message. Sato disp layed asense of nationa l pride and self-co nfidence rarely seen inJap an since the end of W orl d War II.

On e of the growing list of reasons for this emergingpride was th e successful orbiting on February 11 of anartificial satellite. The launch qualified Jap an as the four thmember of the "space club ." Th e others are the UnitedStates, the Soviet Union and France.

Although the Japanese have avowed peaceful intent intheir space p rogram, a number of Asian nations are fearfulthat Japan may eventually use its new technology for militarypurposes. The "Lambda" rocket which powered the satelliteinto space is said to have sufficient th rust to power an intermediate-range ballistic missile, though with an inadequatewarhead.

All this is taking place at a time when deba te on thecontrove rsial "no-war" clause in Japan's Amer ican-written

postwar constitution is again being revived. "Hawks" withinthe ruling Liberal Democratic Part y insist tha t one of themajor tasks of the party in th e 1970's will be to amend theconst itution . Op position part ies claim that a revision of the

UPI PhotoThe Lambda 45 5 rocket launched Japan's first sa tellite into sp ace on Feb ruary II , 1970 .

constitution would lead to a buildup 111 defense power, thusgiving dormant prewar militarists and industrial comp lexesthat could thr ive on armaments, a new lease on life.

Even as matters now stand, Japan's combi ned ground,naval, and air "Self-Defense Force" - a euphem ism for army,navy and air force - is th e largest in non-communist Asia


18/52

16 Tb e PLAIN TRUTH Apr il-May, 1970and is equipped with some of the most ultramodern weapons.

While the majority of Japan's neighbors are concernedabout this gradual rebirth of the Japanese military machine,United States officials caut iously welcome it. To W ashington, it indi cates Japan's willingness to share a defenseburden in Asia, a burden which has been shouldered almostentirely by the Uni ted States.

* * * * * World Getting Better?How far has the underdeveloped worl d come in the

past two decades? Th e real facts are shocking.According to former Defense Secretary Robert S.

McNamara, now president of the World Bank , "There are100 million more illiterates today than there were 20 yearsago, [and] one third of the world's population suffers hungeror nutritional deprivation . . . ."

During a conference on intern ational economic development at Columbi a University, McNamara suggested that the1970's may bring closer a world revolution of the have-notnations. Th e gap between the per capi ta incomes of rich andpoor nations is not narrowing but rather widening - nowstanding at more than $3,000 at the extremes. The gap maywiden to a $9,000 gulf by the end of the century.

Incredible as it may seem, countries who can afford itthe least are some of the biggest military spenders, proportionate to nat ional income. Arms spending among the lessdeveloped countries is rising at the rate of 7.5 percent ayear, as against the world average of 6 percent.

Growing infant mortal ity rates and increased unemployment are additional distress signals Mr. McNamara envisionsfor the 70's.

Following the same general theme, Secretary-GeneralU Thant recently declared that " the next 10 years will findthe number of neglected chi ldren increased by millions."Th ant's conclusions were part of a comprehensive reportprepared with the cooperation of various U. N . agencies.

Calling the situation "tragic," Th ant noted that threequarters of the world's children - nearly a billion - livein developing countries.

"Such high rates of populat ion growth over such vastregions," he asserted, "are unparalleled in the history of theworld and have important implications for developmentprospects."

Thus the specter of grow ing worl d instability, far sur passing the chaotic eruptions of the 1960 's, is hauntingworld leaders.

* * * * * Latin America Faces Bleak FutureLatin America has entered the 70's with the prospect

of impend ing social and economic chaos. Just how deepthese probl ems go is revealed in the per capit a income whichranges from an appalling low of $80 .00 a year in Haiti to ahigh of only $850.00 in oil-rich Venezuela.

Galo Plaza, Secretary General of the Organization ofAmerican States, outl ined a number of Latin America's problems before a World Affairs Council meeting in Los Angeles.The challenges to be confronted in the 70's included :

1. Massive unemployment - In some countries onlyone fourth of the labor force has full -time work.

2. Poor housing - The present rate of building is 2.5houses per thousand people per year - discouragingly low.Thi s rate must be more than tr ipled in order to stay evenwith burgeoning population growth.

3. Migration to the cities - It is predicted that twothirds of Latin Americans will be living in cit ies by 1980.Unless housing is improved, th is means rapi d expansion ofwretched slum suburbs already ringing nearl y all of LatinAmerica's large cities.

According to Mr. Plaza, the Alliance for Progress hasfallen far shor t of expectations. "No one should," concludedMr. Plaza, "h arbor the illusion that prosperity is just aroundthe corner in Latin America."

For an in-depth report on the future of one region ofSouth America - the vast Amazonian area - read thearticle beginning on page 25.

* * * * * Oil Flows Through IsraelWorking in temperatures as high as 104, Israeli work

men have rushed to completion a 160-mile oil pipelineth rough their country.

The continued closure of the Suez Canal led Israel tobu ild this oil bridge between the wells of Asia and themarkets of Western Europe . Constructed under a cloak ofsecrecy, the pip eline stretches from Eilat on the Gulf of'Aqaba to the Mediterranean port of Ashkelon.

On February 14, the first crude oil began flowing intosto rage tanks on the Mediterranean through the 42-inchpipeline, one of the biggest of its kind in the world. Thepipeline, placed underground for maximum security, transverses some of the world's most desolate territory. I t isregarded as the greatest economic venture in Israel's recenthistory.

Latest reports are that construction plans for a rivalpipeline by Egypt from the Gulf of Suez to the Mediterraneanport of Alexandria have collapsed. Even though Nasser hasdeclared that "oil must become the prin ciple source of ourincome," warfare along the Suez Canal apparently has prevented surveys by engineers for the line.

One interesting question regarding the pipeline is simply,what is the source of the oil flowing through the new line?Israel has not -identified the oil companies using its pipeline,but it is believed some of the oil is coming from Iran, theonly major non-Arab producer in the area.

Europ e depends upon the Arab states in the MiddleEast for oil. I f Israel can become a major factor in the oilsuppl y picture, her voice will be heard more emphaticallyin contin ental capitals.


19/52

Prehistorians Puzzle Over

Not many thousands of years ago, a series ofbizarre catastrophes turned our earth into ananimal disaster area . It was a massacre of world-wide proportions. Todaypaleon tologists s tare atthe fossil record. They ask themselves, "But why

- a n d HOW?"

DWIDEMMALSACREby Paul W . KrollTHELAC E: Alaska.

THE SUBJECT: A mysterious series of events that wiped outmammal life in Alaska a few thousand years ago.THE REPORTER: Frank C. Hibben, well-known professor ofarchaeology at the Univers ity of New Mexico who visited Alaskain 1941. He surveyed the tragi c effects visible in the fossilrecord . Later, Dr. Hibben pieced together the facts in his book,The Lost Americans .

Here is a part of the baffling story as he told it.Animal Disaster A rea

"In many places the Alaskan muckblanket is packed with animal bones and

debris in trainload lots."\'Vith in this mass,

frozen solid, lie the


20/52

18twisted parts of animals and treesin termingled with lenses of ice andlayers of peat and mosses. It looks asthough in the middl e of some cataelys-mic catastrophe . . . the whole Alaskanworl d of living animals and plants wassuddenly frozen in mid -motion in agrim charade" (Frank C. Hibben, Th eLost Americans, New York : ApolloEditions, 1961, pp . 90, 91).Tendons, ligaments, fragments of

skin and hair, hooves - all are preserved in the muck. In some cases,portions of animal flesh have beenpreserved. Bones of mammoths, mastodons, bison, horses, wolves, bears andlions are hopelessly entangled! Oneauthor counts 1,766 jaws and 4,838metapodials from ON E species of bisonin a small area near Fairbanks, Alaska,alone.Archaeologist Hibben saw with his

own eyes - and smelled with his ownnostrils- the specter of death. Northof Fairbanks, Alaska, he saw bulldozerspushing the melting muck into sluiceboxes for the extraction of gold. Asthe dozers' blades scooped up themelting gunk, mammoth tusks andbones "rolled up like shavings before agiant plane." The stench of rottingflesh - tons of it - could be smelledfor miles around.Hibben and his colleagues walkedthe pits for days. As they followed the

bulldozers they discovered perfect bisonskulls with horns attached, mammothskin with long black hair and jumbledmasses of bones.

Appalling Death in AlaskaBut let Hi bben continue his gr isly

account:"Mammals there were in abundance,

dumped in all att itudes of death. Mostof them were pulled apart by sometil/explained prehistoric catastrophic dis-turbance. Legs and torsos and heads andfragments were found together in pilesor scattered separately" (Ib id., p. 97 ) .Logs, twisted trees, branches and

stumps were interlaced with the mammal menagerie. The signs of suddendeath were legion.For example, in this Alaskan muck,

stomachs of frozen mammoths havebeen discovered. These frozen stomachmasses conta ined the leaves and grasses

Th e PLAIN TRUTHth e an ima ls h ad justea ten befor e deat hstruck . Seemingly, noanimal was spared."The young lie with

the old, foal with damand ca lf with cow .Whole herds of animalswere apparently killedtogether, overcome bysome common power"(Ibid. , p. 170) .

Sudden andUnnatural DeathThe muck pits of

Alaska are filled withevidence of universaland catastrophic death.These animals simplydid not perish by anyordinary means . Multiple thousands of animals in their prime wereobliterated.On reviewing the evi

dence before his eyes,Hibben concluded :"We have gain ed

from the muck pits of the Yukon Valleya picture of QUICK EXT INCTION . Theevidences of violence there are asobvious as in the horror camps of[Nazi] Germany. Such piles of bodiesof animals or men simply do not occurby any ordinary means" (Frank C. Hibben, Th e Lost Americans, New York:Apollo Editions, 1961, p. 170) .

If you want the f tdl impact of whatDr. Hibben surveyed, read his book,The Lost Americans.Why Paleontologists Are PuzzledI t is th is type of colossal carnage

which gives scientificworkers gray hairs.But Alaska's immense slaughterhouse remains only one case in point.Much of North America beyond

Alaska's frontiers became an animaldisaster area. It has never recoveredfrom the effects. North America wouldhave made Afri ca's modern big-gamecountry look like a children' s zoo inthose B.C. ("Before Catastrophe")t imes.Th e imperial mammoths, largest

known members of the elephant family,thundered across western North Amer-

April-May, 1970

Courtesy of American Museum of Natu ra l HistoryBABY WOOLLY MAMMOTH dug out of f rozen ground inA laska , now kept prese rved in arefrigerated case .

ica. In N ew England, the mastodon,another elephant cousin, roamed thecountryside. Further north, anothertusky relative, the woolly mammothmade his home.Besides elephants, the woolly rhinoc

eros, giant ground sloths, gian t armadillos, bear-sized beavers, saber-toothedtigers, camels, antelopes, giant jaguarsALL roamed the countryside.Then, with alarming suddenness

all these creatures perished. The evidence is still with LIS in the rocks for allto see. In varying degrees, it is foundon every continent the world over.Across the vast stretches of Siberia

on the other side of the Arctic ocean,the same type of monstrous mammalpogrom is quite evident.

Worldwide Destruction EnigmaAfrica is populated with an immense

number of exotic animals. But fossil


21/52

April-May, 1970evidence shows that African wildlifeis just a shadow of its former self.The same is true for South America.Today, there are few large animals inthat continent. However, the fossilrecord conta ins the bones of animalscalled glyptodonts, toxodonts, macrauchenia and other beasts with equallystrange-so und ing names.Europe and Asia were also struck

by th is mammalicide. But what wasrespons ible for th is mass zoologicalhomicide ? A recent authoritative bookon the subject is called PleistoceneExtinctions, Th e Search f or a Calise.The book titl e reveals the truth: sci

entists are still "sea rching" for a cause.It is sti ll a mystery. But why ? \W hy is the Case of the Colossal

Catastrophe still such an enigma? Wh yhas no Sherlock Ho lmes of paleontology been able to put together theclues - and deduce the answer? '---The basis for the dilemma goes back

many, many decades to th e time ofCharles Da rwin. He too was mystifiedby this universal mammal butchery. Abutchery which apparently gave theCOltp de grace to so many species andgenera.D arwin Puzzles Over the EvidenceIn his book Th e Origin of SpeciesDarwin wrote, "The extinction of spe

cies has been involved in the most gratuitous mystery . . . No one can havemarvelled more than I have at theextincti on of species" (C harles Darwin,Th e Origin of Species, N ew York: Collier, 1962, p. 341).Darwin was referr ing to his five-year

cruise as ama teur naturalist aboardthe H.M.S. Beagle. In his notes herevealed WHY he and the paleontologists . of today are puzzled by therecord of catastrophic death found Inthe rocks."W hat then, has exterminated so

many species and whole gene ra?" Darwin asked in astonishment, "The mindat first is irresistibly hurried into thebelief of some great catastrop he; butthus to destroy animals, both large andsmall, in Southern Patagonia, in Brazil,on the Cor dillera of Peru, in N orthAmerica up to Behring's [ Bering's]Straits, W E MUST S HA KE T HE

Tb e PLAIN TRUTHEN T I R E FRAiHEW ORK OF TH EGLOBE" (Charles D arwin , [oumal ofResearches int o the Natura! History andGeology of the Countnes Visited Dur-ing the V oyage of H. M .S. BeagleRound the HI 'orld, citation und er dateof January 9, 1831] ) .

A Worldwide Catastrophe?The same thought of violent catas

trophe st ruck Alfred Russel W allace inthe latter 1800's. N onscientists todaygenerally do not know very much aboutW allace. He, in fact, developed the ideaof biological evolution simultaneouslywit h Darwin . Had Darwin not beenpersuaded to pu blish his ideas, W allacewou ld have beat him to the punch andpublished first. As it tu rn ed out, both ofthem read their papers at the samemeeting to avert any possible badfeelings.W allace, like Darwin, was a shrewd

observer and student of zoology andpaleontology. He likewise was struck bythe decimation of mammal life in pr ehi storic times.In 1876, Wa llace wrote, "W e live in

a zoologically impove rished world,from which all the hugest, and fiercest,and strangest forms have recently disappeared . . . yet it is surely a marvelousfact, and one that has hardly been sufficien tly dwelt upon this sudden dyingout of so many large Mammalia, not inone place only but over half the landsurface of the globe" (Alfred RusselW allace, Geographical Distribution ofA nimals, New York: H afner, 1962,Vol. 1, p. 150 ) .W allace's immediate conclusion was

that, "There must have been some physical cause for th is gre at change ; and itmust have been a cause capable of acting almost simultaneo usly over largepor tions of the earth's surface" (Ibid .,p. 151).

What \X'as the Cause?Darwin, W allace and other scientists

of that day pu t forth theories to explainthis worldwide decimation of animallife . But no theory was accepted by allscien tists. ALL the theories had weakpoints; no one idea accounted fo r all thephenomena.Especially puzzling were the fossils

of extinct animals in the deep Alaskamuck beds. Equally perplexing was the

19Siberian record . The evidence at facevalue told a sto ry of violent catastrophe.The record demanded area-wide, continent-wide - indeed WORLDWIDE -and simultaneous catastrophe.Thi s baffled the orig ina l workers, it

baffles scientists today. Ind eed, any ideasput forth today are genera lly rehashesof theories thought of long ago."T he mysteri es of extinction are somany and so baffling," wrote twoarchaeologists, "that it is small wonderno book in Engli sh has been written onthe subject. Since 1906, when HenryFairfield Osborn summed the matter upin his paper of fifty-odd pages, 'TheCauses of Extinction of Mammalia,'Eiseley [famed anthropologist] creditsonly two theories with contributing anyth ing new to the discussion" (KennethMacgowan and Joseph Hester, EarlyMall in the N ew W orld, New York:Doubleday, 1% 2, p . 202).

Were Ice Ages Responsible?Earlier workers postulated th at Ice

Ages were responsible fo r the masskillings. No t long ago, many paleontologists became rather cool to this idea.And fo r good reasons. Th e death-byref rigeration idea simply didn 't holdwater. It was pu t int o deep freeze storage largely for the following reason,neatl y summed up in a book alreadyquoted."Horses, camels, slo ths , antelopes, all

found slim pickings in their formerhabitat. But what was to prevent theseanimals from simply following theretreating ice to find just the type ofvegetation and just the climate theydesi red? I f Newport is cold in the winter, go to Florida. I f Washingtonbecomes hot in the summer, go toMaine" (F rank C. H ibben, Th e LostA mericans, New York, Apollo Edit ions,196 1, p. 176) .T his was a good question! And it

couldn't be answered .A typical problem was the glypto

dont. Paleontologists regarded him asstrictly tropical in adapta tion. But herewas the rub. Glacia tion could notaccount for his ext inction - unless."Unless one is willing to pos tulate

freezing temperatures across the equator, such an explanation clearly begsthe question of th eir extinction in


22/52

20tropical America" (P . S. Mart in andH . E. Wright, Jr., editors, PleistoceneExtinction, "Bestiary for PleistoceneBiologists," by P. S. Martin and J. E.Guilday, New Haven: Yale, 1967, p.23) .Giant tortoises, victims of this same

mammal destruction, were foundthroughout the warmer parts of theworld. No paleontologist can claim thateven in glacial times freezing temperatures extended through the Caribbean.

It is no wonder paleonto logists putthe Ice Age theory of extinction in tocold storage. It simply would notexpla in catastrophe in the tropics.For example, about a decade ago,

eminent paleontologist G. G. Simpsonwas discussing the specific prehistoricdemise of the horse in N orth America.I t was a real head-scratcher. Whenhorses were reintroduced into the hemisphere, they increased marvelous ly. I fthe present climate and terrain is sofavorable, what caused their extinctionin the prehistoric period?To George Gaylord Simpson, it was

"one of the most mysterious episodes ofanimal history."Wiped Off th e Face of the EarthWhat signed the horses' death war

rant - killing them in droves? For Dr.Simpson, there was no answer :"The re has been no lack of speculation and a dozen possible explanationshave been suggested, but all of theselack evidence and none is reallysatisfactory."After explaining why he, in parti cu

lar, rejected the Ice Age as the GrimReaper of horses, Simpson dejectedlysummarized by saying:"This seems at present one of the sit

uations in which we must be humbleand honest and admit that we simply donot know the answer."It must be remembered too that

extinction of the horses in the NewWorld is on ly part of a larger problem.Many other animals became extinct hereat about the same time" (George Gaylord Simpson, Horses, New York :Doubled ay, 1961, pp . 198, 200).Why did the horse cash in - so

violently and quickly ? Why did thecandle go out on so many hardy speciesof mammal li fe around the world ?

The PLAIN TRUTHWhat caused the mass destruction 10Alaska? How did mammal genocideacross the vast stretches of Siberiaoccur? Wh at caused the last gasp, thedeath ratt le of land-living creatures Inevery continent the world over?

Was Man the Killer?As paleontologists discussed the prob

lem, a new gleam came to many aneye. They saw that the remains of man- camp fires, burnt bones, arrow heads- are sometimes associated with animalremains.The more they thought about it, the

greater became their excitement. "Couldman be responsible for the decimationand extinction of mammal life?" theyasked.

It was an intri guing idea.Extinction occurred ONLY on land. It

sometimes occurred with definite evidence of the presence of man. Further,the explanation seemed to be the ONLYONE left.Paleontologists pub lished a book,

Pleistocene Extinctions, Th e Search fora Calise, in 1967. The book was basedlarg ely on papers read dur ing the Proceedings of the VII Congress of theinternational Association for QuaternaryResearch.From the repor ts, it was quite evidentthat the new "overk ill" idea was too

impotent to be the answer to the mammal massacre. Although a number ofpaleontologists accepted the idea, theyhad to acknowledge the weakness ofthe theory.For example, note the following

admission:"We may speculate but we cannot

determi ne how moose,

Plain Truth 1970 (Prelim No 04-05) Apr-May_w

Documents

Transcript of Plain Truth 1970 (Prelim No 04-05) Apr-May_w