Plain Truth 1974 (Prelim No 02) Feb_w

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ubscription is made postions of those who. volunworkers in support of. Ambassador College. 88ation, is associated with theurch of God, and a portion ofth nancial neeils of the work is supplied bythat Church. The publishers have nothing tosell and. although contributions are gra tefullywelcomed. no solicitat ion is ever made to thepublic for f inancial support.

Chairman of the Board and Editor-in-ChiefHerbert W.Armstrong

Vice Chairman and Associate Editor-in-ChiefGamer Ted Armstrong

Executive Editor: Herman L. HoehSenior Editors: David Jon Hill, Raymond F.McNairManaging Editor: Arthur A. FerdigArt Director: Allen MeragerAssociate Editors: William F. Dankenbring,GeneH. Hogberg, Paul W.KrollContributing Editors: Robert Boraker, JerGentry, Robert L. Kuhn, Gerhard 0 .Patrick A. Parnell , Richard C. P e t e r s o nH. Sedliacik, Paul S. Royer, P. M. Traunstein,Charles F. Vinson, Eugene M. Walter, WilliamR. WhikehartRegional Editors: Bonn: John Karlson; Brussels:Ray Kosanke; Geneva : Colin Wilkins; Johan-nesburg: Robert Fahey; London: Roderick C.Meredith; Manila: Colin Adair; Mexico City:Enrique Ruiz; Sydney: Dennis Luker; Van-couver: Dean Wilson; Washington, D.C.: DexterH. FaulknerForeign Language Editors: Dutch: Roy McCar-thy; French : Dibar K. Apartian; German: FrankSchnee; Spanish: Charles V. Dorothy

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2230The Arabs' Stake in the Middle East

Can the U.N. Bring Peace to theMiddl. East?

Three Weeks That Shook the West!

, . ; ,

The Fight for Oil

February 1974WHY THIS ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL ISSUEExact ly 40 years ago this month, the f irst issue of the Plain Truth appeared.Our readers through the years have been kept informed of the rush of worldevents. In no other area of the world do the mani fo ld. confl icting aims ofhumanity focus so acutely as in the Middle East. Arabs and Israelis, oilproducers and oil consumers, the capitalist Wes t and the communist Eastall plead their ind ividual cases. In this spec ial issue we bring our readersthe points of view of the peoples and nations involved and show wherethe world stands now in the aftermath of the fourth Middle East war .

The October War: What Should HaveBeen Learned

ARTICLES

Jerusalem, Jerusalem! City of Peace,Center of Confrontation

Vol. XXXIX No.2


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NOW! SERIESOFCRISESSIGNAL AGE-END!WHAT ITALL MEANS!

DIGHT NOW we are entering a.l'... series of major world crisesthat are affecting us all. Noquestion about it, now! These serious troubles erupting all over theworld are leading rapidly into thefinal SUPREME CRISIS at the END ofthis world.The energy crisis isseriously affectingalmost every nation on earth. ThePLAINTRUTH has been warning ourreaders of this for years.The Middle East war and thecrisis following the "cease-fire" wasa mos t significant indication of thefast-approaching END of this age!Biblical prophecy shows events fromhere to the end will center aroundJerusalem and the Middle East! It'sno -wem WolD" cry. People seldom if ever heed a warning, but Iwant to make the immediate presentsituation clear to our readers ,whether heeded or not.There's a great deal more to thisMiddle East crisis than most conceive. It has involved oil. It has involved the threat of a nuclear WorldWar III, triggered by U.S.S.R . andU.S.A. intervention. Few have anyidea at all of how close we came tothe war that could have erased allhumanity from this ear th. Let meexplain that.For years , the Soviet Union has

Personal from

or so of taking a strategic point onthe eastern front tha t p robablywould have forced the final surrender of Germany. The news flash ofthe war's end was expected over theteletype at the radio station. I askedstation personnel to watch the teletype, and if that news flash camewhile I was on the air, to bring it tome and let me announce it duringmy program.But that news flash did not comethat morning, nor the next morning,

fire." They knew, of course, that theUnited States would not send U.S.forces there. But inviting the jointforce gave the plausible excuse tosend their own forces in, anyway. Byinviting the joint movement withU.S. forces, they reasoned theirmove would not turn world opinionagainst them. But, once there , theywould simply have annexed theMiddle East. The Russian bootwould stay planted there.President Nixon, with all news


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as their future security in a worldincreasingly dominated by theUnited States and the Soviet Union.The disconcerting fact remainsthat Europeans stood helplessly onthe sidelines while the two superpowers brought the world to the nuclear brink right in their ownbackyard. They watched mutely asWashington first poured billions ofdollars of aid into the Israeli c ~ m pand then, with its nuclear arsenalpoised, withstood Soviet attempts tomilitarily intervene in the MiddleEast with "peace-keeping" forces.Nei ther Chancel lo r Brandt ofWest Germany nor President Pompidou of France nor Britain's PrimeMinister Heath were consulted bythe United States prior to the worldwide alert of U.S. forces. Some observers believe Washington felt no

compunction to inform allies whohad a few days earlier denied it assistance in bringing aid to beleaguered Israeli forces.Intensifying the chilly trans-

Atlantic atmosphere, Secretary ofState Henry Kissinger flew toMoscow and engineered a strictlySoviet-American cease-fire resolution that was rammed through theU.N. Security Council. The initialreaction in Europe, of course , was

echoing the same sentiments as thejournalists.French Foreign Minister MichelJobert charged before the FrenchNational Assembly that the UnitedStates and the Soviet Union weretrying to dominate the world. Heaccused the two superpowers of"brutally brushing aside Europe"and treating it "like a non-person."France's Premier Pompidou alsohad some stern remarks to make.The war in the Middle East, he said ,had exposed the weakness of Europe in a way that even the blindestperson could not fail to see.In addit ion, the conduct of thesuperpowers in the conflict showedhow tenuous detente between thetwo really was - and how quickly itcould break down to the detr imentof the whole world.The American and Soviet dominated Strategic Arms LimitationTalks (SALT) and the Vienna conference on t roop reductions, inwhich the European Communitycountries had practically no say,were yet more proof, in Pompidou'seyes, of Europe's powerlessness.

Worse yet, at the Middle East peaceconference, held in Geneva in thevery heart of Europe, no WesternEuropean nations had been invited.


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move off dead center. In a November 13 speech before the weak andineffectual European Parliament inStrasbourg, France, ChancellorBrandt went far beyond the customary appeal for a vague, undefined"European union." The dramaticdevelopments on the internat ionalscene of recent weeks, said Brandt,"demonstrated the inability of theEuropean states to serve as a factorof peace and stabilization in theworld as long as they are unable toact as one.""The unification of Europe," hecontinued, "is not merely a questionof the quality of our existence . It is aquestion of survival. . . ."The answer to Europe 's dilemma,said Brandt in no uncertain terms ,was the creation of "sensibly organized European government." Theindividual European states , headded, must "transfer to that government those sovere ign r igh tswhich in the future can only be effectively exercised together."What sovereign rights should betran sferred to such a central government? Among other areas , saidBrandt, economic and monetaryrights , definitely "foreign affairsand . . . security ," meaning , of

crisis in the same perspective of urgency as Herr Brandt. But it is interesting to note that only eight daysafter his speech, parliamentary leaders from Britain, France, West Germany, Italy and the Beneluxcountries urged their respective governments to establish a joint advisory body to advi se in th eestablishment of a common European nuclear defense force. Such aforce would be completely independent of American direction. Theparliamentarians, who were gath- :ered in Par is for a meeting of theWestern European Union, carefullyavoided technical details but suggested that the presently independent British and French force swould form the logical nucleus ofsuch a defense .France's outspoken Foreign Minister Jobert took center stage at theParis meeting. He called for a"strong and resolute" European defense. He said that Europe musthenceforth "make its voice heard inall events that affect security andtake its share of responsibility formanaging crises."The American-Soviet detente, hestressed , was only "a fragile equilibrium ," extremely dangerous and unstable. Instead, he argued, Europe


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in Paris and Bonn still hold fundamentally different views on thestructure of the trans-Atlantic relationship and the building of Europeitself. To the French, Europe mustassert its own personality, independent of the United States .The West Germans, on the otherhand, have continually stressed thata united Europe must retain closeties with the United States while atthe same time develop into a strong,united European pillar of the alliance.Nevertheless, it is significant forthe long-term equation that calls forpolitical and ultimately militaryunity are now coming from onerather unexpected corner - France.The phrase "the Eight andFrance" has been an apt description

for the deep philosophical divisionwithin the Community. The majorFrench stumbling block has alwaysbeen their dead-set opposition tothe development of a supranationalauthority for the original six, nownine , Community members. TheFrench have traditionally viewed"European union" in the old Gaullist perspective of a "Europe of theFatherlands." This represents not atrue "united Europe" but rather a

At first, Schumann's and ChabanDelmas' words were dismissed asonly the criticisms of politicians outof office - until Foreign MinisterJobert began saying virtually thesame thing.Topping off the new Frenchmood was a significant article whichappeared in late October in theFrench economics magazine, Entre-prise. The authors of the article , whoare known to reflect official Frenchthinking, put forth a new "Programfor Europe," as a journalistic "trialballoon."According to the article , theFrench government is now willingto support direct elections to the European Parliament, push ahead onthe idea of a political union - and iseven willing to eventually accept theconcept of a European foreign minister and defense minister.The West German news weeklyder Spiegel called the French changeof mind "a sensation." It stressedthat the change had come so quicklythat "hardly anyone had noticed it,and if they had they wouldn't havebelieved it: that it was possible thatFrance's antagonism toward European integration could be changed."


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THE FIGHT FOR OILby William F. Dankenbring Oil is t he l ar ges t international in-

dustry. It is th e commodity whichm a k e s th e w heel s o f ou r technological society go round. How didthe industrial nations become so in-volved in the M id dl e Ea st o il powerplay? A nd is it t oo l at e for th e bi goil-consuming nations to extricatethemselves?

T ET'S UNDERSTAND the stakes in theL Middle East. In the course of asingle day , about $200,000,000worth of oil, at current price levels, is extracted from oil fields inthe Mideast. Roughly 24 million barrels of crude oil are pumpedout daily . This is enough to meet the growing needs of all ofWestern Europe, Japan, Australia, South Africa, andmost of Asia, excluding China and the Soviet Union.One hundred years ago, much of the region was littlemore than wind-blown desert, the bleak landscapeinterrupted only by an occasional oasis of palm treesand water. But with the discovery of "black gold," theArab nations, I ran and the Gulf states bordering theArabian sea began to amass fabulous wealth , and ,finally, power. Today, the very life-style of the Arabpeoples and of all the industrial nations has been totallyaltered. How did the world ever become so dependent on oil?

The Saga of Oil


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went into the business. Then John D.Rockefeller entered the scene andbegan to consolidate the oil businessinto a one-man monopoly under hiscompany, Standard Oil. He was ahard fighting competitor who putmany rivals out of business, pickedthe pieces, and went on to becomethe richest man in America. Although Rockefeller's monopoly waseventually broken up by the U. S.Supreme Court, his gigantic firmspawned a number of major oil companies including Standard Oil ofNew Jersey and Standard Oil of California.During the succeeding years, companies like Gulf, Mobil, Texaco, and

Shell entered the fiercely competitiveand extremely lucrative business.Meanwhile, as industry surged aheadand the automobile and airplane became integral parts of modern society, the need for petroleum andpetroleum derivatives climbed steadily.Oil became the name ofthe game,the key to industrial success.The first oil producers in theMiddle East were the Armeniansand Tatars, who one hundred yearsago exploited the reserves lying beneath the Caucasus, the westernshores of the Caspian Sea. The greatoil fields of Baku, in Azerbaidzhan,

sea bed. " From the 1870's, the oilrush was in full swing. Lead ing theway was a young Swede, RobertNobel, who bought a strip of landfor 1,000 and, with his three brothers, soon opera ted the biggest andmost successful field in Baku.The working conditions in the oilindustry, in the meantime, were horrifying. Resentment among the Armenians was rife, and revolutionwas in the air.

"The startling fact isthat worldconsumption withinthe next twelve yearsis now expected toexceed total worldconsumption of oilthroughout history upto the present time. "- . James E. Akins,

Foreign Service Officer

In 1905, a bloody massacre resulted when hundreds of Armenianswere murdered and their womenwere carried off into slavery by

cided to enter the Middle East insearch of oil after the 1908 discoveryof oil at Masjid-i-Sulaiman, Theywisely put their finger on Mesopotamia and obtained concessionsfrom Turkey, which then ruled theregion.British and Dutch interests werebecoming active in the region also.The Middle East, particularly Turkey, was the scene of bribes,counter-bribes, and under-the-table.diplomacy as oil tycoons foughteach other for advantages. The avenues to success were via the covertbribe, knowing the frame of mind ofthe pasha, and knowing the preciseamount of baksheesh to pay eachofficial in the governmental peckingorder. Arm-twisting, stratagems, secret maneuvers, and national backing all played their part in theoriginal opening up of the MiddleEastern oil fields.At the close of World War I, withthe demise of the Central Powers Germany and Turkey - Britain and. France set about to carve up theMiddle East. The Turkish Petroleum Company was now British;France assumed mandates overLebanon and Syria and a quarter ofthe oil interest in Iraq.

The United States was excluded


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ing Ibn Saud as the legitimate ruler.With his sword and military prowess, Ibn Saud became ruler over avast chunk of Arabian real estate. In1930, American interests obtainedconcessions in Bahrain, and, onMay 29, 1933, the concession agree ment was signed that broughtAmerican money and know-howinto the Persian Gulf.Since the mid-1930's, theUnited States has beendominant in the oil regions of the Middle East.

The Recent CrisisJames E. Akins, StateDepartment senior expert on energy, pointsout in Foreign Affairsthat proven oil reservesin the non-communist

world amount to roughly500 billion barrels, ofwhich at least 300 billionare in Iran and Arabiccountries. However, allArab countries do nothave vast reserves of oil.Jordan , Lebanon , Tunisia, Morocco, and Yemen have very little.The proven reserves ofSaudi Arabia are often

figure. What does this astoundingeconomic fact mean to the UnitedStates and the Western world?King Faisal of Saudi Arabia,for merly one of the staunchest

friends of the United States in theArab world, a proponent of moderation and a man who is the mortalenemy of Communism, has repeat-

edly said the Arabs should not useoil as a pol it ical weapon andclaimed that he himself would not. 'In 1972, however, other Arab leaders issued fifteen different threatsthat they would use oil as a weaponagainst their "enemies," of whomthey singled out the United States asnumber one.

During the Octoberwar, King Faisal was puton a veritable hot seat bythe United States, sinceit clearly and convincingly suppo r t e dIsrae l with arms andsupplies during the fighting. King Faisal hadbeen imploring th eUnited States to moderate and modify its proIsraeli foreign policy foryears . When the warbroke out, his effortsseemed to be for nought.As a loyal Arab, he feltcompelled to cut off oilproduction to the UnitedStates, and therebyprove his allegiance tothe Arab cause.

The Arab world knowsthat it has the developedWestern nations and Ja


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EDWIN L. DRAKE, in top ha t (right),conceived the idea of drilling for o il.On Augus t 27 , 1859 , nea r Titusville,Pennsylvania, he struck oil using therig in the background. Below right:Qa ta r oil field of Dukhay of the Qata rPetroleum Company. Qa tar and he rneighbo rs on the Arabian peninsulapossess the world's la rgest known oilreserves. Top. Drake Well MuseumBottom. Ch. Simonp ietri - SygmaOPEC communique issued in lateDecember, Arabian sea oil producers announced that, beginningJanuary 1, the price of crude oilwould more than double (from$5.11 to $11.65 a barrel). This moveincreased the price to more thanfour times what it had been oneyear previously - $2.59 a barrel. Allthis bodes an ill wind for the Western oil-dependent nations, especially Western Europe and Japan.

Burgeoning DemandThe United States , which possesses six percent of the earth'speople , consumes over 30 percent ofthe earth's energy resources. The average American consumes in sevendays as much as most other peoplein the world will consume in an en

tire year. Thus the United States isalso in a vulnerable position, asgrowing energy needs outstrip lim


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PROVENOILRESERVESBY ENDOF1973

Proven oi l reserves d if fe r f rom estimated, orpotential reserves . Both are loose figures, bu tthe former is more accurate in that i t is basedon evidence f rom explora tory dri ll ing o r pro-duct ion activities of various regions. Manyworld areas have never had exploratory dril-ling bu t are suspected of containing oil, bu t inunknown quantities. The Middle Eastern andNorth Afr ican "proven" oil reserves are esti-mated around 400 billion barrels, potentialreserves over 600 bill ion. The world's esti-mated recoverable reserves could be over twotril l ion barrels. I f world oi l production andconsumption continue at the p resen t rate ," proven" reserves will hardly last another40 years.

daily , once the hotly contested Alas-kan pipeline is built, but even that,coupled with the production fromoffshore oil deposits , will not be ableto meet foreseeable needs. Untilnew sources of energy are foundand developed, it is difficult toimagine how the United Statescould fill its own energy require-ments without importing muchmore oil , principally from theMiddle East.David Freeman, a former energyexpert for the Nixon administration,even before the current crisis, putthe issue in perspective: "Our ratesof consumption are so large that wecan see the bottom of the barrel."This does not mean that oil re-serves are still not plentiful. Vastnew oil fields are being surveyedand charted. The fact is, Iran aloneplans to more than double her 1970production of 19i million tons dur-ing the next decade. Until recently ,Saudi Arabia had even more gran -diose plans and was shooting for20 million barrels a day by 1980,or one billion tons a year!The real oil problem is not oil po-tential, but oil politics.

Leonard Mosley, author of PowerPlay: Oil in the Middle East, puts itbluntly: "What most worries West-Oi l reserves indicatedin billions of barrels.


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With insight, he says: "Petroleumhas become as much the drug ofWestern civilization as cigarettes andalcohol, and the addicts will go onpaying. But are the ir governmentsprepared to pay the political pricewhich may one day be demanded ofthem?"These facts worry the nation ofIsrael in particular. Since the oilboycott and the implementation ofoil as a political weapon par excellence, a period of moody uncertainty has pervaded modern Israel.Israe lis are worried whether theUnited States, like Europe, will begin to compromise and vacillate inits heretofore strong support forIsrael. Will the United States , whenit comes face to face with the energycrisis, caused in part by Arab oilboycotts, waver in its support , backdown, and begin to tilt in favor ofthe Arab states?

It is indeed an Israeli cause forconcern . Officially, Washingtonshows no inclination to deviate fromits policy of supporting Israel, alongthe general lines adopted by theUnited Nations - tha t is, supporting Israeli national sovere ignty andsecur ity in the face of externalthreats . Washington, however, doesnot endorse any claims of Israeli

States turns, it faces a dilemma. If itturns its back on Israel , it abdicatesits moral obligations to an ally. If itturns its back on friendly Arabstates and ignores their claims,views, and feelings, then it not onlycould see Arab oil exports permanently stopped, but also the further loss of U. S. investments in thearea and the very real threat ofgreater Soviet penetration there.

Gloomy Prospectsfor the Future

As long as the Arab oil flow is withheld or reduced, the Western worldfaces the possibility of recession.Even though other forms of energy ,including coal, atomic , solar, andgeothermal, are being researched andexpanded, oil remains number one.Now that the oil producing nations are beginning to wield politicalstrength, the rest of the world seemsto have only the option to cooperateor to get out. Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, with more than half of the total known world reserves of oil, arenot about to compromise. Theyknow they hold the trump cards .The fight for oil will continue. Butit could stop just short of WorldWar III, if na tions were to find waysto work together in harmony when

"Petroleum hasbecome as much thedrug of Westerncivilization sscigarettes andalcohol, and theaddicts will go onpaying. But are theirgovernmen ts pre-pared to pay thepolitical price whichmay one day bedemanded of them?"- Leonard Mosley


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CAN THE U.N.BRING PEACETO THEMIDDLE EAST?Achieving a Middle East cease-fire was difficult. Creating apermanent peace will be evenmore so . Can the United Na-tions meet the challenge?by Keith W . StumpSNCE THE creation of the state ofIsrael by the United Nationsin late 1947, the world organization has been frequently involvedin efforts to quell hostilities and easetensions between Israel and her


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OILYAWORD~ W A Y FROM PEACE'U.N Sec . ... . . unty Council Resolution #242

anceespect etl'integriteoli tique deeur droit detieres sures etd'actes de force;

2. Affirme en outre la necessi

a) De garantir la libertevoies d'eau internationales d

conl 'Article 2 de la Char e,1. Affirme que 1'accomplissement des p ~ i n c i p e sde la Charte exige 1'instauration d'unedurable au Moyen-Orient qui devr .1'application des deuX principesi) Retrait des for"'" armees is eliennes des terri-

toires occupes lors du recen flit ;ii) Cessation de toutes assertionsou de tous etats de beUigerancereconnaissance de la souverainet '

territoriale et de 1'independanchaque Etat de la region etvivre en paix a l'interieur dereconnues Ii l'abri de menaces

rgementgrity andat e in th ece withinfree from

Emphaszmtheir acceptance of the Char erNations have undertaken a commitment to ac t inaccordance with Article 2 of th e Charter,1. Affirms that th e fulfi llment of Charter principles reqUITes the estahHshment of a just and lasting peace in the Middle East which shonld - ude

the application of both the follo .(i) Withdrawal of Israel artories occupied in the(ii) Termination of all claimency and respect for anof th e sovereignty, territorial ipolit ical independence of everyarea and their right to live insecure and recognized boundar

threats or acts of force;2. Affirms further th e necessity


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and Israel announced their acceptance of the cease-fire resolution .Heavy fighting, however, resumedthe next morning - a la Vietnam with each side accusing the other ofviolating the cease-fire.The Security Council hurriedlypassed a second U.S.-Soviet sponsored resolution (Resolution #339),reconfirming its previous call for acease-fire and urging that "all forcesbe returned to the positions they occupied at the moment the cease-firebecame effective." The resolutionfurther requested tha t U.N. Secretary General Kurt Waldheim takemeasures to immediately dispatchU.N . observers to supervise the observance of the cease-fire.However , still further violationsof the truce occurred along the SuezCanal before the U.N. observerscould place themselves on the ceasefire lines.At this point , the Soviet Unionthreatened to unilaterally dispatchtroops to the Middle East to end thefighting. President Nixon respondedin the early morning of October 25by placing U.S. strategic forces including the nuclear strike force . -on precautionary alert throughoutthe world . It was the first time such

renee to the majority - withheld itsveto.The crisis began to wind down.Resolution #340 had defused theU.S.-Soviet confrontation by eliminating its cause - the threat of military intervention by a superpower,namely the Soviet Union. Further, itresulted in a period.of relative calm,thus giving U.S. Secretary of StateKissinger.vbreathing time" in whichto travel to the Middle East tostrengthen the shaky cease-fire andseek a formula for beginning fullscale peace negotiations betweenthe Arabs and Israeli s.The world, in general, has expressed satisfaction with the UnitedNations over its role in the resolution of the crisis. The much malig ned and n eg lected UnitedNations had demonstrated that de-

Resolution #242 was proposed byBritain and unanimously passed bythe U.N . Security Council on November 22, 1967 - five months afterthe June Six-Day War of that year. Itcalled , in essence, for Israeli withdrawal from terr itorie s occupiedduring that war, in exchange for Arabrecognition of Israel 's sovereignty,territorial integrity, and politicalindependence. Though agreed to atthat time by both Israel and Egypt , ithas never been implemented.The problem lies with its wording.The official English translation ofResolution #242 calls for "withdrawal of Israeli armed forces fromterritories occupied in the recentconflict." The Russian text agreeswith the English, reading "from territories." But the French text reads"from the territories," since in the

French language it is impossible toomit the definite article . Consequently, the French , like theArabs, insist that Israel withdrawfrom all territories it acquired during the Six-Day War.The Israelis, on the other hand ,contend that Resolution # 242 deliberately does not state "al l" territorie s occupied o r even " t he"territories. Israel st resses that in or


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SOPHISTICATED WEAPONS make modern wartotal wa r. All suffer, whether civilian or milita ry.Top: Bombed-out civilia n buildings in Damascus.

To THE major world powers , theOctober war was a testingplace for the latest sophisticated weaponry, a theater for witnessing the movement of largeforces in live bat tle conditions. Ifanything, what has been learned ishow to make war more lethal nexttime .

Scarcely had the fighting stoppedwhen military men were enmeshedin analyzing and reanalyzing troopdeployments and positions to seewhat each side could have done differently . New weapons gadgetry,seen for the first time , were studiedfor flaws and weaknesses by developer nat ions to improve effectivekilling power. Likewise, oppositionforces studied them in order to develop anti -systems.

How ironic that the very cradle ofthe world 's great religions shouldbecome an arena for learning warand for testing the world's newestmilitary hardware.

The CostFor the combatants, the fourthconfrontat ion had an added lesson

- how costly war is, not j ust interms of life and dea th reality, buteconomically. .

Both sides suffered heavily. Accu


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people uprooted from towns andvillages , many losing their homesand worldly belongings because ofwar, can't be fully described bywords.The Coming Big One

To realists, the next Arab-Israeliwar is not a matter of "if ' but"when." Billions of dollars worth ofSoviet military aid to the Arabs andU. S. military aid to the Israelis insure it.Isn't it ironic how nations

throughout histo ry almost invariably talk peace, while at thesame time they are planning to armthemselves for the next war?Thankfully, nuclear weapons

haven't yet been used in the ArabIsraeli confrontations, although themajor powers have them . Thisshould make us think.

What weapon has man inventedthat has never been used to kill?What peace, peace treaty or pacthas been lasting? In the nearly 6,000

years of recorded human history,approximately 8,000 peace treatieshave been negotiated. Not one hasbrought permanent peace.Unless we learn from our pastmistakes, it will be just a matter oftime before some mistake.isome accident or some misunderstanding,perhaps invo lving trade or oil,comes to a head and ignites a reallybig war - a nuclear disaster! It'stime nations learned what shouldhave been learned from the latestconflict - and from all wars.The obvious is that mankind hasnot known real peace and does not

know the way to it. If he did , wewould have it.It seems clear that another way,other than through human reasoning and intellect alone - whichhaven't brought peace in the past needs to be tried?

Peace , humanly speaking , appears difficult and complex, but it isspiritually simple. Mankind cannotknow or find peace apart from the

Creator God who originally gavelife and who alone knows what isbest for man and how man ought tolive to have peace.Man has not had lasting peace

throughout his entire history because the God of peace , the God ofthe Arabs, the God of the Israelis,indeed, the Creator God of all peoples, is neither open-mindedly consulted nor asked for help andguidance in solving human problems and differences. Until that timecomes, there will be no peace!

To many, this way to peace maysound overly simp le, superficial,naive, perhaps trite, may be even supers titious - but nevertheless it isthe truth.Thankfully,God isn't goingtowait tillthe nations come to him. It would be

too late ifhe did. He isgoing to step inand force man to have peace. At thattime, as one ancient prophet said ,"Nation shall not lift up swordagainst nation, neither shall theylearn war any more ." D


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the Lord to bring us back to Jerusalem. Now that he has - we won'tgive it back." So said Gideon Hausner, the former attorney general ofIsrael, with an intensity of emotionable to shake the skeptic.He continues, "Why should wegive Jerusalem back? Were othersbetter custodians of the holy placesthan we are? Are we inferior to the Turks? To the British administration? To Jordan? To go back centuries, to the Egyptians? There werewaves of states coming and going torule this Holy City. Did anyone ofthem account itself better than we?This double standard that things areallowed to others, but somehow arenot fitting for Jews - well, this willnot repeat itself anymore. Not whenwe have something to say about it."The Israelis are a fiercely deter

mined people. In 1948, approximately 1,200 Jews died in a losingbattle for the Old City of Jerusalem.The city was divided - and Israelisdid not have access to their holiestreligious shrine - the Western Wallof the Temple Mount. Some nineteen years later, in 1967, Israel sacrificed more of her young men forJerusalem - but this time to return,to unite the city under independent

may be history - to the Israelis it's aburning reality.. Arabs also have a vested interestin Jerusalem.Arab Resolve

To the Arab peoples , Jerusalem isone of their holiest places. They seethe Israelis ' as the bridgehead ofWestern civilization - an irritant inthe Arab body - imposing a foreignway of life on peaceful Arab people.As a general rule, the Arabs arenot anti-Jewish except for the fanatical few (who all too often attractthe mass media). Arab intellectualsoften point out that Jews were nevertreated better than during the greatflourishing ofArab civilizations during the Middle Ages when Arabs _and Jews lived and worked togetherto bring the world a pinnacle of culture, education, medicine, andscience. Jews have in the past beenwelcome in most Arab countries as long as they are citizens, not conquerors.Arabs are anti-Zionist. They cannot understand the logic of requiring Arabs to pay the price - in landand in blood - for the evils perpetrated on Jews by Europeans:Germans, Russians, Poles, Hunga

nean, the bridge to Europe. TheMiddle East has always been a critical point between the great empiresof East and West.Today, the world's superpowers_are intimately involved: the SovietUnion in its historic geopoliticalpush southward, the United Statesin its moral commitment to Israel ,and Europe and Japan in protectionof their vitally needed oil supplies.Ovinnikov, the Soviet Union'sMiddle East expert at the UnitedNations, explained his country's position: "Of course the Soviet Unionsupports the Arab countries, butthere is a big difference between thesupport provided by the UnitedStates to Israel. We are supportingvictims of aggression .... TheUnited States is supporting the per-petrators of the aggression."But to Ezer Weizman, formerIsraeli minister of transportationand former commanding officer ofthe Israeli Air Force, this is a rathersilly comment: ''What always amusesme is that here we are, two anda halfmillion people surrounded byforty or fifty million Arabs, withNorth Africa against us, with Indiaand Pakistan against us, with thewhole Moslem world against us


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can go around unprotected throughthe Jewish an d the Arab parts of thecity without any hesitation any timeof day or night."Commented the Minister of Development an d Tourism, Mr. MosheKol: "When I caine to Cleveland,the mayor ofCleveland gave me thekey to the city an d said: 'When Iwalked in Jerusalem with MayorTeddy Kollek, we needed no guard!But in Cleveland, you cannot walkwithout a guard.' "But to Edward Ghorra, Lebanon's permanent representative tothe U.N., this is all quite irrelevantto the ultimate status of Jerusalem:"I really don 't know about all thesedetails, but it is not important whether you have a robbery on thestreet doesn't justify the robbery ofthe whole city of Jerusalem, which isso dear an d ' sacred to the Arabpeople, C hr is ti an a nd Moslemalike."Mayor Kollek recognizes the deepyearnings of th e Arab peoples:"Arabs in Jerusalem are good patriots, and they would like to see theirpart of the city again under Arabsovereignty. They have a little dilemma, you know; they have in facta better life today; they have morefreedom of expression today - there

To the former Jordanian representative to the United Nations, Mr.Baha Ud-Din Toukan, it is a veryserious violation of internationallaw: "Why did they do it? Theyshouldn' t have done it. I mean , it isoccupied territory. Never in historyhas occupied territory been annexedan d changed, overnight."How does Mayor Kollek answerthe Arab charges that much of the

construction is an attempt to make anew Jewish city in former Jordanianterritory?"This is a complicated business,an d it's, of course, charged with a lot

of feeling. You see, the city was oneJerusalem for 4,000 years . I t was divided into a Jordanian an d Israeliterritory only for nineteen years."The people have different political ambitions, but they have learnedto live together. Now, mind you, wehave a different pattern than American cities. We have no ideal of a'melting pot.' We feel that communities can live together, side by side,guarding their own traditions, theirown cultural content an d their ownway of life. I'm not speaking only ofArabs and Jews. We have Christiancommunities who have been livingthere for 1,500 years ."

always said tha t we would like theholy places, the Christian holyplaces, to be run by the Christianworld, an d we are willing to give.them the status that foreign embassies have. The problem is thatthe Christians - an d this doesn't sitwell for me, as a Jew, to say - butthe Christians among themselves Catholics, Greek Orthodox, Armenians , Protestants - do not get together to form one ecumenical bodyin order to decide how they wouldlike to run the holy places."Commented Ambassador Ghorra:"I don't want to argue with whatthey say. I would like to say thattheir claim to be custodian to theholy places doesn't have any historical background. This is somethingthat they have arrogated to themselves after the occupation of the

Old City of Jerusalem. The real custodian of the holy places in old Jerusalem is the Arabs."But Gideon Hausner says: "Theonly time - the only time - whenwe ha d no access to the WailingWall, to our synagogue there, to ourshrines , were the twenty years ofArab occupation. And not a single

Jew could enter there unless hecame on a foreign passport that


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cal Chemistry at Hebrew Universityand Chairman of the Central Committee of the Independent LiberalParty, analyzed it bluntly: "I thinkthat this has to do with a very basicpsychological attitude of the worldtowards the Jews. I cannot otherwiseunderstand, for example, the attitude of the Vatican. The Vaticanwas absolutely silent or even condoning whatever went on in Jerusalem between 1948 and 1967. TheJews had no access to their holyplaces. The armistice agreement wasnot kept ; Jewish holy places werebeing destroyed indiscriminately;the whole Jewish quarter in the OldCity was destroyed. The attitude towards the Christian churches wasnot a particularly friendly one, yetthe Vatican was absolutely quiet.The minute the Jews carne in, theattitude of the Vatican changedcompletely. I think this has very,very deep-seated psychologicalcomponents, having little to do withpolitical reality.". The growing cordiality betweenthe Vatican and the Arab countriesprompts divergent opinions.Lebanon's Ambassador Ghorrasays: "The common concern of theVatican and of the Arab countriesabout the fate of Jerusalem is grow

tions"? With thre e of the world'smajor religions - as well as theworld's superpowers - in the thickof it, there are some very forebodingovertones in all of this.What would be the ultimate significance of a religious, political, andmilitary showdown in Jerusalem?

An Unforeseen Event?"I continue to be an opt imist inthe face of a perfect basis for themost pessimistic prognosis because Ikeep looking for some as yet unfore-

seen event that will change thepresent progress of relations amongthe big powers in the world, achange that is absolutely necessaryif we're not to face catastrophewithin a short period of twenty to

qu ently repea ted is this establishment of God 's rule over thenations. And the focus of this most .momentous event is Jerusalem. Justbefore, during, and forever after thetime when the Creator of the earthsets his hand to control the earth,the city of Jerusalem will be centerstage for this the greatest act in allhistory.Prophecies of massive armiesgathered in the valley of Jehosha

phat, just east of Jerusalem (Joel 3),military conflict in and around thecity (Zechariah 14:2, Daniel 11,Matthew 24, Luke 21), religiousconfusion of worldwide proportionsin the city (Revelation I I) - all goto emphasize that the focal point ofworld attention will be riveted onJerusalem.The Creator of all mankind will,

at the last minute, save all mankindfrom destroying itself (Ma tthew24:22) - and the site of this ultimately historic direct interventionfrom God will be Jerusalem (Zechar iah 14:4,1 2 ; Acts 1:11-12, Joel 3,Ezekiel 38-39).Finally, Jerusalem will becomethe capital of the world - a unitedworld, a peaceful world, a happyworld, a world under God (Zechariah 14:8-21), a world in which


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(Continued from page 1)is the only language they understand. Fo r them to carry out theirplan would have plunged them instantly into nuclear war with theU.S.A., and with all U.S. forces oninstant alert, the U.S. would probably get in the first blow. Russiabacked down.Then,of course, the RussiansaccusedMr. Nixon o f calling the alert for thepurpose of attractingpublicattentionaway from the accusations beinghurled at him in the Watergate syndrome. Some of the American publicbelieved it. But I want our readers toknow what really did happen.So, you see, this Middle East warand effort to get a cease-fire critically involved the world's two giantpowers and even threatened an immediate outbreak of nuclear war.Another repercussion ' was thatAmerica's European allies blamedMr. Nixon for calling the militaryalert before ' consulting them. To have done so might have defeatedMr. Nixon's strategy of stopping the

ard Nixon out of the Presidency.They have tried him, without a scrapof actual proof, but with every possible question and inference of guilt.They have influenced many millions. They have featured with greatemphasis every possible question asto doubts and every opinion as toa ll eg ed p re s id e nt i al guilt , whileminimizing back on page 17 or 33every item in the President's favor.

The same thing happened toPresident Abraham Lincoln. It wasafter his assassination that he cameto be acknowledged as one ofAmerica's greatest presidents.I cannot, here, express any opinion one way or the other as to Mr.Nixon's innocence or guilt - furtherthan to say, it is supposed to beAmerican custom, in common decency, to consider a ma n innocentuntil proven guilty. And maybe, yes,just MAYBE, history will record thepicture somewhat like it did in thecase of President Lincoln.Today, as I write in Tokyo, I hada 25-minute personal audience withHis Imperial Majesty EmperorHirohitoof Japan. One of the lastthings he said to me was, next time Isee President Nixon, would I kindlygive the President the Emperor'swarmestpersonalregards- this in con

first time government heads haveappealed to me for counsel andhelp.President Chowdhury asked if Ihad had the opportunity to seemuch of his country. I had only hadtime for about an hour's drive bycar around Dacca, the capital, andits outskirts."I would like to know what isyour appraisal of what you haveseen of Bangladesh," he said.I hesitated. He said , "Don't hesitate. I want your honest opinion.""Well," I said reluctantly, "afterdriving around far enough to knowI had seen enough that was representative o f the country, I simplyhad to utter an involuntary prayer,in shocked dismay, 'O h EternalGod, Thy Kingdom come! and deliver this miserable country from itswretchedness! ' I'm sorry - I have to

be frank - but your country hasimpressedme as beingthe most impoverished of any I've seen, and I've seenindescribable impoverishment."When he asked my help andcounsel, I told him I would give theproblem much thought and anysuggestions or help I could .I had noticed, I said, that despitethe wretched economic plight thatwas so evident, I had seen in general


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families were left without tools oranimals to work their farms. Thetransportation and communicationsystems of the country were totallydestroyed, roads were damaged,bridges were knocked out, and inland waterways were blocked. Tenmillion refugees fled to India, manystarving, many dying of cholera.Hardly a family was unaffected.He told me how that within hoursbefore the Pakistani army surrendered, their units had systematicallykilled thousands of the bet ter educated so sorely needed now by thegovernment and the people. ' In anation with only 20% literacy, theloss of those thousands of educatedwas a sore tragedy.Prime Minister Mujibur Rahman,a big man - rough, practical andcompetent, a natural leader - alsodescribed the basic and dire needsof Bangladesh. First, of course, isFOOD! A dire need is education, especially with so many thousands ofthe educat ed minori ty killed atwar's end.With such extreme poverty, following so devastating a war, thousands starving, Bangladesh also is acountry of natural disadvantages very crowded , I,I00 people to the

half of its millions living in igno- .ranee, extreme poverty, wretchedness, filth and squalor?Human minds are capable of producing the computer - of going to

the moon and back. Yet we can'tsolve our problems here on earth.Why?I had to ask WHY!And forty-seven years ago, Ilearned why! Forty-seven years agoI experienced the shock of my life. Iwas literally stunned to learn whatscience has been unable to reveal ,what no religion teaches , what governments do not understand, the

CAUSE of all this trouble in theworld, the SOLUTION, the WAY thatwould bring us world PEACE, universal prosperity, happiness and joy.I was literally dumbfounded tolearn - and believe it or not, in theBible - what neither the Christianreligion or any other teaches: theCAUSE of all this vast mountain ofhuman woe - and also the CAUSEthat would and should produce actual utopia! I was incredulous tolearn that ALL nations - ALL religions - are deceived! The plaintruth is made clear and plain in thatmisunderstood, maligned and misinterpreted book! And I did not discover some new interpretation. I

to be a CAUSE for all of the world'sevils. Ifwe are to have peace, happiness and abundance, something willhave to cause it.When our first parents disbelieved and rejected that knowledge, our Creator caused it to bewritten in his inspired Word to us the Holy Bible. There he revealswhat man cannot discover by himself - cannot know, except by revelation from God. And just as ourfirst parents disbelieved and disobeyed, so has all humanity - theirchildren - disbelieved, rejected andgone the other way.What God revealed to Adam andEve and plainly reveals for thosewilling to see and believe is the waythat will CAUSE every GOOD result.Actually, what it amounts to isthis: There are only the two basicways of life. I simplify it by callingone the way of "GIVE," the other theway of "GET." Our Maker is a Godof love - and "love" is always outgoing. Toward other humans, it isoutgoing concern for others equal toself-concern. It is the God-centeredway. Since God is the source of allgood, it means contact with, beliefin, dependence on, and obedience tohim from whom all blessings mustflow. It means love, first toward


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obey or disbelieve and disobey tha t is, to go the way of "G IVE" orthe way of "GET." He has decreedthat man must choose. Man haschosen the way of "ge t." Now thesix thousand years are just about up.And man's self-centered way oflife is now bringing crises of manykinds which are accelerating all overthe world. The prophecies of God'srevealed Word to man show this.They show tha t we are right nowcoming to the SUPREME CRIS IS at theclose of this age - a time of worldtrouble "such as was not since thebeginning of the world to th is time,no, nor ever sha ll be. And exceptthose days shou ld be shortened [theevils cut short], the re should no fleshbe saved [alive]: but for the elect'ssake [those few who do believe andobey] those days shall be shortened"(Matthew 24:21-22).This 24th chapter of Matthew records how Jesus' disciples asked,

"What shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the end of the world" that is, this age? The on ly sign he

gave by which we shou ld KNOWwhen this 6,000-year age would endis in verse 14: "And this gospel ofthe kingdom [of Go d] shall bepreached in all the world for a witness un to all nations; and then sha llthe end come."And now, for the first time in 18Y2

centuries, that gospe l of the Kingdom of God is being proclaimed toall the world by this very work ofGod. Recently I, personally, havebeen privileged to proclaim it toleaders at the top of many nationsaround the world.Th at message announces th atGod will, now, soon intervene inworld affairs and bring an enfo rcedworld peace and 1,000 years of happiness and abundance worldwide.

And God "s ha ll se nd Jes usChrist . .. whom the heaven mustreceive unt il the times of restitutionof all things" (Acts 3:20). Christ willsoon return , in the supreme powerand glory of the great God, and thekingdoms of this world will becomethe kingdoms of our Lord, and of

A CLOSE-UP of Prince Mikasa andHerbert W. Armstrong.his Christ , and he shall reign forever and ever (Revelation 11 :15).Men and armies will resist. Theywill fight back. But by supernaturalpower men will be forced to havepeace, happiness, abundance! 0

PRINCE MIKASA, brother of the Emperor of Japan , offers a toast to Herbert W. Armstrong at banquet in Mr. Armstrong'shonor in Tokyo, September 26 . Fifty-eight distinguished guests, includ ing members of the Cabinet, the Diet (Japan's Congress or Par liament), presidents of the two largest universities, and the ir wives, attended . Mr. Armstrong proclaimed tothis distinguished gathering the good news (gospel) of the Kingdom of God . From left to right, AmbassadorMekasha of Ethiopia,Princess Mikasa, Mr. Stanley R. Rader, Mr. Armstrong, Prince Mikasa, Mrs. Mekasha.


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Not So in the Middle East!In the Middle East , however, landcarries a much broader significance.The roots of the majority of thepeople who call these arid hills and

plains their home run deep.To families in this area of theworld, the land is tightly interwoveninto almost every facet of their dailylives. For many, of course , the oftenparched, barren earth of the MiddleEast is the source of their verymeans to surviva l. Even the mostaffluent urban Arab shares this incommon with the poorest rural fel-lah. The very essence of their national identity, the roots of theirreligion, culture and uniting sense ofshared destiny are firmly embeddedin the very soil of this timeless land.

" One's Own Land"For these and other social andeconomic reasons, the factor of landis ofcentral importance to the often

ethnically diverse peoples todayknown collectively as Arabs.As an example, land held by individual families has frequently beenin those families through many generations. Parents and other closerelatives may well be buried withinits boundaries. To those living

plosive drama now unfoldingbetween the Arab peoples and theirIsraeli neighbors.Who " Ow ns" Palestine?

Until this present century, Arabswere the primary residents of Palestine. Sweeping into the Levant inthe seventh century A.D. during theinitial outward spread of Islam fromthe Arabian peninsula, the Arabsproceeded to settle and develop aloose-knit society while vigorouslyconverting the neighboring communities to their newly found faith . AsIslam swelled across North Africaand the Eastern Mediterranean,widely diverse peoples becameunited - first by the common threadof religion, today by the additionalthrust of Arab nationalism.Even though Arabic -speakingpeoples - Moslem and Christian have comprised the bulk of Palestine's population since the Jews'diaspora began in the second century A.D., the area has never beencompletely devoid of Jewish residents. The Jews in Palestine havewaxed and waned according to thepol itical and mil it ary c limatethrough the centuries, moving inand out of the region as necessityrequired.

Palestine] was predicated on thepremise that God gave Palestine tothe Jews. And time and time again Ihave said that God was not in thereal estate business." Israelis view itquite differently.The ,Rally ing Point

For an Arab "nation" tradi tionally torn by rifts and infighting fromMorocco to the Persian Gulf, the"Palestinian question" has provedin many ways a successful - andconvenient - rallying point. Themore idealistic among the Arabsstill cherish the dream of a futureNahda, or Arabic renaissance, uniting the massive lands of the MiddleEast and southern Mediterraneancoasts under common banners oflanguage, cul ture and religion.There is simply no room for a stateof Israel in the midst of this idealistic vision. Thus the localized issue ofthe Palestinian problem has blossomed into a widespread, ferventmarshalling of pan-Arabic emotionsthroughout the Arab world.Also entering the picture is theintense religious attachment of theArabs to Palestine. Though most inthe Western world might assumethe Holy Land to be important onlyto Christians and Jews, the area of


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The Palestinian QuestionA.D. 30-Present~ J0 area on ea rth is more strategically 10-J ~ cated than the Holy Land. Throughoutits history, the country has been exposed topolit ical pressures from all directions . Forthe past 19 centuries, i t has been subject toone or another o f the great empires rulingthe West. Only briettv, under the dynasty o f

David and later the Hasmonaeans, has thecountry been independent of foreign rule.Today, the Holy Land is the focal point of adual struggle between Arab and Israeli, andbetween the Soviet Union and the West.Indirectly, all nations are involved throughthe United Nations peace-keeping force.

ROMAN EMPIREHerodianKingdomin the Time ofJesus

The Herodian family were vassal kings underthe early Roman Empire. In the f irst centuryB.C., Rome conquered Syria, Judaea and Egyptand, after 40 B.C., allotted Judaea and Galileeto Herod. After the death o f Mark Antony, He-rod's rea lm was expanded to include Samariaand th e major part of Coelesyria. The map de-picts the realm of Herod Agrippa I (A.D. 3744). The Jewish revol t o f A.D. 66-70 occurredunder the rule of Herod Agrippa II.

Byzantine EmpireRoman rule over Palestine continued after

the sundering o f the empire into western andeastern (Byzantine) divisions. With the excep


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CrusaderThe rule of th e Fatimids over most of th e

Holy Land extended to the coming of th eCrusaders in 1099. The Crusader principalitiesin Syr ia and Palestine maintained their author-ity until 1187, at which time the whole region,except for certain cities on the Lebanese coast,fell before th e new Ayyubid rulers of Egypt.Crusader dominion was rev ived over parts ofth e Holy Land in 1192. The Crusader dominionwa s finally ended in 1291 by the Mamelukes ,descendants of mercenary troops who at firstserved and then overthrew th e Ayyubids.

Ottoman EmpireThe Mamelukes continued to rule over Syria,

Palestine and Egypt until th e expansion of th eOttoman Turks. In 1516, the Ottoman SultanSelim I crushed the Mamelukes and addedSyria and Palestine to his dominion. Egypt wastaken in 1517. The Turks continued to governPalestine until World War I. Jerusalem wassurrendered by th e Turks to the British GeneralSir Edmund Allenby on December 9, 191 7.

BritishMandateThe Council of the League of Nations gaveBritain a mandate to administer Palest ine on


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Decades of war have takentheir toll. Both Arabs andIsraelis have had enough. Bothwant peace - but do theythink it will come? The P lainTruth took a survey to find out.JerusalemW HI LE GO VERNMENT leadersare trying to hammer out astable peace in the MiddleEast, the people wait - and hope.The probl ems involved with making peace between warring peoplesare always difficult. Th e problemsinvolved with making peace be- "tween the Arabs and the Israelis arealmost beyond description.All wan t peace; the religious prayfor it. Yet its attainment has thus farproved elusive?

Justice for Both SidesThe majority of people here arerealistic. They don't expect immediateresults from negotiations or war.When asked what Arabs and Israelisshould do to make peace , a youngPalestinian Arab, home on vacationfrom a Swedish university, wiselysaid, "To come to conclusions based

onj ustice for both sides." He felt thatju stice could be determ ined bymean s of U.N. resolutions agreed to

Oil PoliticsThe head of a taxi agency in EastJerusalem gives the reason behindthe use of oil as a prod : "This is a

very important thing. We are nowvery lucky because we feel that allthe European countries and America herself will now begin to understand . . . that there is an Ar abpeople an d something they call Palestine and people called Palestinians. Before, they didn't care. This Ithink is very good."

He didn't think that the withholding of oil would make the European s or Americans mad at theArabs because "we are a veryfriendly people with all people inthe whole world." When asked if hethought the governments might getangry with the Arabs , he replied , "Ithink so, but I don 't know. TheMiddle East and especially the Arabcountries are very rich in petrol. Ithink America and Europe need ourpetrol. In any case, we want to befriendly with all countries."An East Jerusalem souvenir sales"man na med Esa Wayway put itmore succinctly: "We 're interestedthat peace come. We don 't cut offthe oil [as an action] against theAmeri can people, but for political

tomorrow or resume deliveries. Andthen anytime there 's anything thatbothers them or they want to upset anybody, they'll just turn itoff. "Q: Do you think this will bring Europe more directly into conflict withIsrael?A: I don't think they'll be veryhappy about us. They 're not hap pyabout us now. They'll be less happyabout us in the future.Joseph, an Orthodox graduatestudent of history, added what hethought the Europeans and othercountries should do: "I think theEuropeans must, if they don't wantto be blackmailed more and more,send in troops and take by force theoil fields. If they don't do it now, it'llbe too late." Other Israelis thoughtthe Europeans might like to take over the oil fields but didn 't thinkthey'd have the power to do it.A new immigrant from Argentinaand now a Jerusalem store manager,Mr. Newelman, sums i t up: "T hepeople of Israel must have security.Some think there's security in peaceagreements. I think this is impossible . . . because oil is the last wordin this war."

Secure Borde rs?


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past, but occasionally voiced todayby extremists.Both sides want peace - but ontheir own terms.The Palestinian Arabs live withan uncertain future. For that reason,most local Arabs questioned did notwant to give their names, and anumber didn't want to answer anyquestions at all. The following interview is typical of the Palestinianview. The man interviewed is theheadmaster of a school.Q: Do you think there will be peacebetween the Israelis and the Arabs?A: Under the present conditions, Idon 't see that there will be a lastingpeace, because the two sides havedifferent ways. Lasting peace willcome when everyone is ready togive to others, for the two sides toapproach each other.Q: What should be done for thePalestinians?A: In my opinion, a lasting settlement for the Palestinians is to givethem the West Bank, the Gaza Stripand Jerusalem, under their owngovernment. Not for Jordan orEgypt - j ust for the Palestinians.Also, to help them to make theirgovernment recognized worldwide ,stable and efficient.Q: What should be done with the

to the 1948 lines. An even smallerminority would like to see Israel totally destroyed as a political entity,but most holding this view live outside of Palestine.If Shmuel Gazit, an Orthodoxsoldier who fought with the Israelitank corps in the Golan during thelast war could believe that schoolmaster, there might be a chance forpeace. However, he has a totally different story.

Q: Do you think there will bepeace?A: I want peace, but the Arabsdon't want it. I've seen wha t theydid to my friends .Q: Is it Arab leaders or the peoplewho don't want peace?A: I know what the soldiers did.When I came to the Golan Sundayafter Yom Kippur, I found myfriends cut with knives [at this point,he gestured, indicating mutilation ofthe body]. It's not the leaders. It 'sthe soldiers who want to kill us.Q: Do you think Israel should giveup any territories in a peace agreement?A: If the Arab wants a little - hewants all. If one of them says: "IfIsrael gives back, I make peace.They don 't mean it. The Arabs wantIsrael. I tell you one thing. Anyone

peace." Peggy Schlossberg doesn'tthink peace can come from the negotiations. She foresees an almostendless struggle of un fortunate sadness.Q: What effect will this past warhave on Israel's future strength?A: We must have a larger standingarmy. Life isn't going to be the sameanymore. It 's going to be terriblyexpensive and terribly hard. I wouldlike to feel tha t something good willcome of it, but I'm rather cynicaland skeptical. Is anybody hopeful?Q: What do you think would be necessary for peace to come?A: Oh . . . I don't know. Do youthink they really want to have peacewith us? I think we would like tohave peace with them. I don't reallythink they want to have peace withus. That's the point.Q: Do you mean the leaders or thepeople?A: Well look, let's face it. Thepeople themselves would tomorrowget together and be friend s, obviously - any people. It's always theleaders . . . I wish that everybodycould have peace, but howcan they?The majority of Israelis are willing to give back at least some of theterritories in a peace agreement. Indeed, the heavy losses incurred dur


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the importance of friendship between peoples .Q: What would it take to bringpeace to the Middle East?A: First of all, peace in any part ofthe world depends on justice. Ifthere is justice, there is peace. Ifthere is no justice, there is no peace.If each one likes the other, then theywill be all right together - even ifthey're black or white, Moslem orJew, Christian or anything else.[Musa is a Moslem, but is "not soreligious."] I f there is no friendship, itmeans there is no peace , because eachone wants to take what he believes ishis. That's why friendship is the mostimportant condition for peace.Q: What can be done to eliminatethe bitterness between these peoples?A: It's not easy. Why? Becausewhen they are young, they aretaught that so and so is his enemy,that side his friend. When they growup, this idea is ingrained in them . Ittakes time to live together and to getto know each other. That is the wayto change people for the better.Q: Then it's a matter of education?A: Yes,Q: What should be included in apractical solution to the problem?

both sides and not by the Arabs andIsraelis themselves. For this reason,some consider the U.N. likely to bethe fairest judge. However, U.N. decisions are not formulated accordingto moral considerations but according to political ones. Consequently,it has been unable to bring peace tothe world in the 28 years of its existence. Although the U.N. does providesome valuable services to mankindthrough its branch agencies, it hasfailed its central purpose.World leaders say negotiations

are the only way to a just peace, butin the same breath, they talk of"negotiation from a position ofstrength." This att itude automatically precludes the chances for animpartial decision.International politics aside, theroot cause of any war lies in thenature of the warring parties themselves. "From whence come warsand fightings among you? comethey not hence , even of your luststhat war in your members? Ye lust,and have not: ye kill, and desire tohave, and cannot obtain: ye fightand war, yet ye have not .. ." wroteJames, the brother of Jesus, nineteen centuries ago (James 4: 1-2).Unfortunately, as the Palestinian

is the first requirement for lastingpeace. War is proof that none of thepeoples in the Middle East are genuinely obeying God, for "When aman 's ways please the Lord , hemaketh even his enemies to be atpeace with him" (Proverbs 16:7).Joel Horowitz observed that itwouldn't be easy to change thehuman mind. It would take somedrastic action. In fact, man by himself cannot change his nature. Ittakes the personal intervention ofGod. "A new heart also will I giveyou, and a new spirit will I putwithin you: and I will take away thestony heart out of your flesh, and Iwill give you an heart of flesh. And Iwill put my spirit within you, andcause you to walk in my statutes,and ye shall keep my judgments,and do them. And ye shall dwell inthe land that I gave to your fathers;and ye shall be my people and I willbe your God" (Ezekiel 36:26-28).Notice that God includes the solution to the question of territoryalong with how he is going to makeit possible for man to obey him andlive in peace. God has already setaside for Palestinian Arabs , Jewsand every other people their own"national horne." After all, he is the


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Dexter Faulkner - Plain Truth

JAPAN'S

The economic survival of Ja-pan is at stake. Will a newworld role be forced on Japanto meet the need for MiddleEast oil?

PEACE IN the Middle East is acrucial concern to the Japanese. With dedication and resourcefulness, the Japanese have setastounding records in industrialproduction and economic growth.These accomplishments are nowthrown into jeopardy by an unstableMiddle East.

Needed - More Than anEnergetic People

Japan's greatest natural resourcemay be her energetic people. But itis another form of energy that Japanmust have in order to maintain herrecord of achievement and herna-tional existence!That is oil.Most of the citizens of Japan arepainfully aware that over 80 percentof the oil which powers the nation'ssteel, textile and manufacturing industries, fuels its transportation, andheats, cools and lights its cities,comes from the Persian or ArabianGulf. Forty-three percent comes

growing at a rate of around 17 percent a year, Japan has been unableto accumulate more than a one- totwo-month reserve.On top of that, Japan is dependent on politically vulnerable American and European oil companiesoperating in the Middle East forsupplying the bulk of her oil needs .

Japan's Worldwide Searchfor Oil

Only recently have Japanese companies successfully pursued independent oil development.The spectacular Japanese searchfor additional suppl ies extendsaround the globe. Exploration anddevelopment projects are in operation in Alaska , Canada, Peru , Colombia, Zaire, Nigeria, Australia,Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia andSouth Vietnam.Japan expects to triple its oil imports from the People 's Republic ofChina to 3 million tons this year. Italso hopes to participate in the development of Siberia's oil and gasdeposits in return for supplies of.crude oil and natural gas.Yet despite her most desperate efforts, Japan must continue to de

pend on the Middle East forapproximately 85 percent of its oil


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output for export. And Japan mustexport in order to pay for ever costlier Middle East oil imports. Japanexpects to pay an' extra $2 billion tocover the higher price of oil by theclose of the fiscal yea r, endingMarch 31.Caught in the Middle

Japan is caught in the middle of apolitical , economic . and mili tarycrossfire reverberating over theMiddle East. Oil has placed a newemphasis on international "power"politics.Saudi Arabian Oil Minister Ahmed Zaki aI-Yamani announcedfrom the Vienna headquarters ofthe Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) that"countries which are affected by oilreductions will be exempted on condition that they assist the Arabs in avery significant way in forcing theIsrael is to withdraw from Arab territory." While Japan 's leaders are notanti-Israel, they are of necessity verypro-oil. /Japan responded in Novemberwith declarations indicating a tilt inpolicy more favorable to the Arabs.This gained Japan exemption fromthe next 5 percent cut as planned


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11 Years , and Still No BillI feel it is high time I should put acrosswhat I really feel about your literature. I gotyour first copy of The PLAIN TRUTH magazine in 1962. By receiving the copies whichfollowed, I thought you were going to invoice me to meet the remittance for thecopies. To my surprise up to now, I am stillreceiving The PLAINTRUTH copies freely. Itis so in forma tive I did no t believe that itcould be free. Thanks a lot to those individuals, organizations and firms making voluntary donations from all over the world, whoenable The PLAINTRUTH magazine to contine to be produced and circulated to allparts of the world. Lazarus S. M. C,Choma, Zambia

Unfai r to Women?La PURE VERITE [the French edition 0'The PLAIN TRUTH] is a remarkable magazine which helps me a great deal, but whydoesn't one ever see any feminine by-linesin it? Are you misogynists?

E. N.Mazet-Saint-Voy, France Ha ve you read "Is God Unfair ( 0Women?" in our January issue?Report on CrimeIf by cha nce a man was salvageable before imprisonment, his chances are far lessafterwards. Society needs to be informedand not misinformed by rhetoric of the system which consistently shows a failure rateof 65-85 percent through reeducation. It isarticles and reporting such as your magazine does which can prevent these problems

I received your October issue of ThePLAINTRUTH yesterday. As a special issue,it is a jewel in that its them e of EuropeU. S. relations - always an important topic- has been slighted by our news media tofavor our recent political scanda ls andother internal problems of inflation andprice control. It is a real comfort to be ableto read a magazine which dea ls so authoritatively with the "whole" picture regardlessof the topic. J. T. M.,Paramount, CaliforniaPermit me to congratulate you on thecurrent issue. I have not read, in any of thenews magazines or prestigious publ icationsthat feature international reporting andanalysis, anything that compares with thedepth, insight , and completeness of thesteadily eroding Ameri can relations withpresent-day Europe. In addition, may I alsoextend my congratulations to your art director for the layout , illustration, and artistic merit of this issue.

Irving C ,Rego Park, New York

Urban Ills Can Be CuredFor several years I have been the recipient of The PLAINTRUTH magazine, but theJune 1973 issue was of special significancebecause your article "Urban Ills Can BeCured - Here's How!" included the city ofColumbia, Maryland . It is in this city andwith the Rouse Company that one of our

sons is employed in the legal department;there fore, we have been there and we canverify everything in that article.

am taking the liberty of placing the copieswhich you send on the bookshelf in my.. classroom.where I put publications not provided by our college library. I have noticedthat The PLAIN TRUTH is much read bystudents; from time to time, it disap pearsfrom the shelf and turns up on a table inthe Staff Common Room. I retrieve it afterit has been read. It is obviously of interestto many members of our college.A. I. B.,Glasgow, ScotlandI think most of your articles are good. Iregret to sometimes find in them chauvinism, reaction and paternalism which are notalways justified by biblical texts, but ratherby Anglo-Saxon tradi tion . . . . J. H.,Longjumeau, FranceI must congratulate you on the importanttopics you deal with - they are so relevantto the topsy-turvy world of today. Keep upwith the good work of spreading your littleseed of goodwill and godliness. It will yielda rewarding harvest some day.Mary N. S.,County Kerry, Irish RepublicI wish to thank you for the copies of ThePLAIN TRUTH magazine . I have lent themagazine to several friends of mine. We .have organized an exclusive circle called"The Plain Truth Circle" in which all yourarticles and comments are fully discussedand analysed. This opens our mind s andkeeps us in touch with what is going on(and what has gone on) in th is troubledworld. Carlos P. de C,Amadora, PortugalIt is not an exaggeration to say that thereis a vast difference between The PLAIN

TRUTH and other magazines. This differ


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Plain Truth 1974 (Prelim No 02) Feb_w

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Transcript of Plain Truth 1974 (Prelim No 02) Feb_w