Pius Floris

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www.phc.eu

Velkommen

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Silje, takk for at du organiserte denne

dagen og invitasjonen til å snakke om jordbiologi

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HeadquartersNorway

“from all known plant diseases, not

a single one is the cause””

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Prof. Dr. Justus Von Liebig approx. 1853

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More than a century of research and experiencehas tought us that we can do better and smarter.

In nature, not a single system operates by itself.All natural plantsystemsare somehow connected

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How is it possible that we know more about plant diseasesthan about plant health?

The most important reason is that we first started with the use of chemicalFertilizers. By lack of knowledge of Soil biology we could not grow withoutthese cheap fertilizers. So we started looking for solutions to the problemsthat were caused by the same fertilizers

The first effects of mineral fertilizers were spectacular. Farmers wouldn’t settle for less after a

while.

9This is the place where 160 years ago Liebig’s “Law of the minimum” was made.At hat time, people had no idea from bacteria, fungi and their mostly benefecial functions

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In the Liebig Museum in Giesen (D) the original stove is present.Liebig burned deficient plants in the oven to find out what mineralsWere missing. This resulted in the “law of the minimum”

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Mineral changes in different crops by: McCanceand Widdowson UK.

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Refractometer or Brixmeter.

Based on a glass prism that measures biosolids

Average Brix value strawberry with NPK

fertilizers. Sharp line determines low SAR

and low mineral content (systemiq aquired resistance)

With an average value of 14 in organic

strawberries and a diffuse line indicates high

variety of minerals and high SAR.

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Kalium is NOT potash.

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In 1971 the last of 14 “potash” factories in Netherlands was closed

19We simply take more from the soil than we give back to the soil

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Current literature indicates that plantsneed 30 elements for a healthy growth

Aluminium | Arsenic | Boron | Bromine | Cadmium | Calcium | Carbon | Chlorine | Chromium| Cobalt | Copper | Fluorine | Germanium | Hydrogen | Iodine | Iron | Kalium | Magnesium | Manganese | Molybdenum | Nickel | Nitrogen | Oxygen | Phosphorus | Rubidum|Selenium | Silicon | Sodium | Sulpher | Tin |Titanium | Tungsten | Vanadium | Zinc

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Elements comprising the PLANT body.

Oxygen 61%Carbon 23%Hydrogen 10%Calcium 1,4%Kalium 20%Chlorine 12%Magnesium 0,27%Zinc 0,0033%Sulfur 0,20%Nitrogen 2,6%Phosphorus 1,1%Sodium 0,14%Silicium 0,26%Iron 0,006%Fluoride 0,0037%Copper ?Boron ?ManganeseMolybdenum

Other so called“non essential elements”

CobaltIodineChromiumNickelVanadiumGermaniumArsenicTinSeleniumRubidum

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Elements comprising the human body.

Oxygen 61%Carbon 23%Hydrogen 10%Calcium 1,4%Kalium 20%Chlorine 12%Magnesium 0,27%Zinc 0,0033%Sulfur 0,20%Nitrogen 2,6%Phosphorus 1,1%Sodium 0,14%Silicium 0,26%Iron 0,006%Fluoride 0,0037%

Other 0,2607% so called“non essential elements”

CopperCobaltIodineChromiumNickelVanadiumGermaniumArsenicBoronTinSeleniumRubidumManganeseMolybdenum

Three minimum factors determine soil.

less than 3 makes soil a subtrate.

Fysical demands

Chemical demands Biological demands

The soil is a living organism

Plant budget in Carbon (C)

photosynthesis (Carbon) production

= foodproduction

Growth, breathing, secundairmetabolism (SAR) and small

maintenance

costs for microbial partners

saved starch and lipids

One-celledorganisms

50%

mammals12,5%

Plants 12,5%

Fungi 12,5%

Plankton, algae, seaweed 12,5%

Life on earth

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Most people carry 1-2,5 kilo bacteria in and on their bodyOn the human skin, around 1000 species are present.In total it is estimated there are 110.000 bacterialspecies on earth.In the human testines about 100 Billion bactera are present.That is more than 10 x the cells in a human body.

Most of these bacteria PROTECT us from diseases

(Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Maryland USA)

Root exudates

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In the three weeks that they live, the fine absorbing roots shed about 35% of the plant sugar metabolism straight into the soil. This is essential to feed the functional Rhizobacteria.

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INTO the root:Water, minerals

EXIT from the root:OH-

4 ,Sugars, Acids,Amino acids, fenolspolysacharides

Rhizospere

20 µm

roothairtip

Blauw: all bacteria (DNA)Groen: beneficial bacteria (rRNA)

source: gsf Bacteria aroundthe absorbingroots arevital in the uptake of waterand minerals

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Bacteria communicate through chemical signals

The bigger the population, the stronger the signals

When the bacterial population reaches a certain limit, they will change theirbehaviour and start producing chemicals that will protect their colony.

rootgrowth detail uit film “life” 33

Ectomycorrhiza on Pinusfoto: D.J. Read©Plant Health Care Inc.

Hyphae form a mantle around the absorbing roots and take over absorption of water and minerals

Mycorrhiza

Different species:

Endo-mycorrhiza on 85% of all Landplants

Ecto-mycorrhiza on 5% of 15 tree species only

Ericoïde-mycorrhiza on many ericoïd plants

Brassica plants will not start a symbiotic relation with Mycorrhiza35

Root’s Zone of Absorption

Limited to a small distance from root (1,5 – 2 mm.).Absorbing roots will never occupy more than 4-7% of the available soil

N

N

N

N

P

K

K

P

Water

Water

Water

Water

Root’s Zone of Absorption

Outside zone of absorptionwater and nutrients are not available to plant!

Establishment of MycorrhizalSecondary Root System

Schematic showing dramatic expansion of “zone of absorption” by mycorrhizal fungi

N

N

N

N

P

K

KP

Water

Water

Water

Water

Establishment of Mycorrhizalsecondary root system

Up to 700% more absorptive capacity Better transplant survival

Optimizes mineral nutritionalopportunities in soil profile

Improves establishment and growthof trees, shrubs, and other plants

Establishment of a Microbe-basedSustainable Fertility “System”

Insufficient to create fertility impact

This is biofertility!

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Roots are not able to reach the cappilary water between the soilparticles. They are too thick. The mycorrhizal hyphae easely reach these fine water particles

Fresh mycorrhizal spores (VAM) 42

0,6 mm.

Mycorrhizal spore on a glassplate, after covering with a glass plate 1 bar is enough to kill the spore

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0,6 mm.

Plant Health Cure’s spore propagation

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X 100

0,2 mm

0,2 mm0,6 mm

Plowing is devastating for soil biology

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“When one knows how much damage is done,

than repair is simple”• Soil repair can be easely realized by

adding beneficial rhizosphere organisms.

46PHC mycorrhiza spore (Glomus) Rhizobacteria to help mycorrhiza and root growth.

RHIZOSPHERE MYCORRHIZOSPHERE

This is not the way it works This is how nature works

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Insights in how roots REALLY function will change our habits

WITH THANKS TO José Oswaldo Siqueira, Ph.D., UFLA, Lavras, Brazil 48

“stresstest” tomatoes after 6 days without water

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photo:Tisdall and Oades 1979

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SILICON AND SELENIUMARE CRUCIAL FOR ALL PLANTS

Source : Marschner et al.

Mineral nutrition of

higher plants 198350

Glomalin

Glomaline is the “superglue” of the soil and produces aggregatesAnd binds carbondioxide

photo Sarah Wright 2006 (USDA – ARS)

Soil particles

Plant Health Cure Products.

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Biovin

• A 50 years old INNOVATION

• Unique soil improver

• Guaranteed analysis

• Contains high concentrations RHIZO bacteria(3x10-8) per gram

• Low dosage(50-100 gr/m2)

• Incredible effect in potting soil. (3 kilo M3)

• In Netherlands 600 ton per year in potting mixesfor nurseries and berry production. 53

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Level of humic acids in the soil 5 plots in 3 variations

Untersuchungs auftrag

% of organic matter at start of the trial

Standard chem. Fertilizer

control

Biovin

Kavel = plot

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% humic acids in the organic matter after 2,5 year of agriculture

Average Level of Humicsubstances in normal soils

Standard chem. Fertilizer

Control

Biovin

“The Mineral triangle”

Calcium

Magnesium

Ammonium

Kalium

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The function of Calcium in plant cells(the value of Calcium is heavely underestimated)

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Calciumtransport in a plant

(source: under glass magazine / Yara-Benelux)

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Natural Green

Natural Green® leaf fertilizer provides a high resistance with

unique effects:

• Increased photosynthesis and increase metabolic activity

• Increases the sugar and vitamin levels in the plant

• Provides color repair and vitality

• Increases the disease resistance and resistance to climate

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Natural Green is produced by collision of particles

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guaranteeCalcium carbonate (CaCO3) 78,94 %Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) 7,15 %Silicium (Si) 3,8 % (Silicon)Fe: 5400 mg/kg Mn: 60 mg/kgC: 4 mg/kg Zn: 11 mg/kg

Dose: 1 – 1,5 kg / ha.

Pre-Tect• Leaf fertilizer with Harpin protein.

• Supports the uptake of Calcium and mobilizesCalcium in to the plantcells

• Contains the major trace elements:

Fe – Mn – Zn – Cu – Mg

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Cherries with standard treatment in rain 55% cracks

Cherries sprayed with Natural Green and PreTect. 2,5% loss (FAST UK)

Organic Plant Feed• Organic and 100% plant based liquid fertilizer

• Contributes to a healthy soil life.

• Available in 2 standard NPK combinations

• Per march 2014 available on request in any NPK combination

• For now 8.3.3 en 6.2.6

• Effective as a total fertilizer. Both for total fertilizer in drip irrigation, spraying on golf courses and sports grass but also very effective as an affordable leaf fertilizer.

• Remember. All minerals were in a plant before. Therefore, OPF is readely available in the leaves .

• Guaranteed no leaf burns62

Organic Plant Feed Granular

11 - 0,5 – 5 plus 18 trace elements

* ORGANIC VEGETABLE fertilizer

* N: 11

P: 0,4

K: 5

+ micro-nutrients

• About 50% of the Nitrogen (55 gr/kg) is released during

the first 30-40 days.

• The remaining nitrogen is released in a period of 5-7

weeks. (average 3% of 1,5 gr/kg. per week).

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OPF-Z

- OPF-Z is a concentrated leaf fertilizer.

- Contains 1 gram pure silverparticles.

- Mix 5 liter OPF-Z with 500 liter water and useas a leaf fertilizer on 1 hectare.

- If used with more water per hectare, then add1 liter OPF-Z per 100 liter extra water.

- Use biweekly or weekly, depending on bacterial infection level 64

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Compete Pluscontains:

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Specific Rhizobacteria that:

- fix nitrogen

- release phosphate

- produce hormones

- break down organic matter (dead roots)

- stimulate root development

PLUS

* Trichoderma

* Humic acids

* Sugars

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Use together with planting cuttings (no roots) and on youngplants after potting or with transplanting in larger potsDosage: 100 gram per 1000 m²

apply as a drench. Repeat every 3-4 weeks

Yuccah

• Natural surfactant from Yucca shidigera

• Works different from chemical surfactants

• Has a long active period (3-4 weeks)

• Makes rewetting potting soil easy

• Creates balance in moisture content

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Biovin liquid• Excellent fertilizer for cuttings and young

plants.

• Contains organic acids and amino acids

• In combination with Compete Plus it provides everything that a babyplant needs.

• Dilute with irrigation water 1:300

• Weekly application (Compete plus 3-4 weeks)

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Thanks for your attention.

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