Ping Luo, Ed.D Fall Semester, 2004
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Transcript of Ping Luo, Ed.D Fall Semester, 2004
Chap 2: Organizations That Help Shape Community Health
Ping Luo, Ed.D
Fall Semester, 2004
Chap 2: Organizations
• Explain the need for organizing to improve community health.
• Explain what a governmental health organization is and give examples.
• Explain the role of the World Health Organization (WHO) plays in community health
Chapter Objectives
Chap 2: Organizations
Chapter Objectives• Briefly describe the structure and
function of the United States Department of health and Human Services (HHS).
• State the core functions of public health.
• List the 10 essential public health services.
• Explain the relationship between a state and local health departments
Chap 2: Organizations
Chapter Objectives
• Identify programs that should be provided by local health departments
• Explain what is meant by the term coordinated school health program.
• Define the term quasi-governmental and explain why some health organizations are classified under this term.
Chap 2: Organizations
Chapter Objectives• List three primary activities of most
voluntary health organizations.
• Identify five major professional health organizations and three foundations that support community health efforts.
• Explain how philanthropic foundations contribute to community health.
Chap 2: Organizations
Chapter Objectives
• Discuss the role that service, social,
and religious organizations play in
community health.
• Identify the major reason why
corporations are involved in
community health and describe
some corporate activities that
contribute to community health.
Chap 2: Organizations
Introduction• Today’s Communities
– Highly developed and centralized resources in our national institutions and organizations
– Continued concentration of wealth and population in the largest metropolitan areas
– Rapid movement of information, resources and people
– Limited horizontal relationships between organizations
– Top-down funding for many community programs.
Chap 2: Organizations
Governmental Health Agencies• GOVERNMENTAL HEALTH AGENCIES
– Funded primarily by tax dollars– Managed by governmental officials– Authority for some area of health
• LEVELS – International– National– State– Local
Chap 2: Organizations
World Health Organization • HISTORY
– United Nations charter in 1945 established the need
– Officially began April 7, 1948 - World Health Day
• ORGANIZATION – Open membership – Administered by director-general and 5
assistant directors-general
• PURPOSE– Attainment by all peoples of the best possible
level of health
Chap 2: Organizations
National Health Agencies
• Department of Health and Human Services– Principal agency for protecting the health of
all Americans and providing essential human services
– Other agencies also contribute to our Nation’s health• WIC• OSHA• EPA
• ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE– 12 Operating divisions
Chap 2: Organizations
Organizational Chart
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Chap 2: Organizations
Is responsible for providing Is responsible for providing
direction and leadership for all direction and leadership for all
federal programs for needy federal programs for needy
children and families (Administers children and families (Administers
Head Start program).Head Start program).
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
Chap 2: Organizations
Supports a nationwide aging Supports a nationwide aging
network, providing services to the network, providing services to the
elderly, especially to enable them to elderly, especially to enable them to
remain independent. Supports remain independent. Supports
services and provides leadership on services and provides leadership on
aging issues.aging issues.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Chap 2: Organizations
Administers the Medicare and Administers the Medicare and
Medicaid Programs, which provide Medicaid Programs, which provide
health care coverage to about 75 health care coverage to about 75
million Americans.million Americans.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
Chap 2: Organizations
Is the lead agency charged with Is the lead agency charged with
supporting research designed to supporting research designed to
improve the quality of healthcare, improve the quality of healthcare,
reduce its costs, improve patient reduce its costs, improve patient
safety, decrease medical errors, and safety, decrease medical errors, and
broaden accessbroaden access
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary Agency for
HealthcareResearch & Quality
(AHRQ)
Chap 2: Organizations
Serves as the national focus for Serves as the national focus for developing and applying disease developing and applying disease prevention and control, prevention and control, environmental health, and health environmental health, and health promotion and health education promotion and health education activities designed to improve the activities designed to improve the health of the people of the US.health of the people of the US.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Chap 2: Organizations
Working with states and other federal Working with states and other federal
agencies, ATSDR deal with the cleanup agencies, ATSDR deal with the cleanup
of hazardous substances in the of hazardous substances in the
environment.environment.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Chap 2: Organizations
Mission is to promote and protect Mission is to promote and protect
public health by helping safe and public health by helping safe and
effective products reach the market in a effective products reach the market in a
timely way, and monitoring products for timely way, and monitoring products for
continued safety after they are in use.continued safety after they are in use.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy SecretaryFood
and DrugAdministration
(FDA)
Chap 2: Organizations
Helps provide health resources for Helps provide health resources for
medically underserved populations. medically underserved populations.
Works to build the health care Works to build the health care
workforce.workforce.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHCPR)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Chap 2: Organizations
Provides comprehensive health Provides comprehensive health
service delivery system to American service delivery system to American
Indians and Alaska Natives.Indians and Alaska Natives.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Chap 2: Organizations
The world’s premier medical research The world’s premier medical research
organization, supporting research organization, supporting research
projects nationwide.projects nationwide.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Chap 2: Organizations
Ensures up-to-date information and Ensures up-to-date information and
state-of-the-art practice is effectively state-of-the-art practice is effectively
used for the prevention and treatment used for the prevention and treatment
of addictive and mental disorders.of addictive and mental disorders.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Chap 2: Organizations
Provides qualitative and responsive Provides qualitative and responsive
administrative support services on a administrative support services on a
cost-effective, competitive, fee-for-cost-effective, competitive, fee-for-
service basis to HHS components and service basis to HHS components and
other federal agencies.other federal agencies.
IndianHealthService(IHS)
Centers forDisease Controland Prevention
(CDC)
Administrationfor Childrenand Families
(ACF)
NationalInstitutesof Health
(NIH)
Agency for ToxicSubstances andDisease Registry
(ATSDR)
Administrationof
Aging(AoA)
Substance Abuse andMental Health Svcs
Administration(SAMHSA)
Foodand Drug
Administration(FDA)
Health CareFinancing
Administration(HCFA)
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Health Resourcesand Services
Administration(HRSA)
Agency forHealthcare
Research & Quality(AHRQ)
The SecretaryDeputy Secretary
ProgramSupportCenter(PSC)
Chap 2: Organizations
Purpose:
To promote, protect, and maintain the health and welfare of their citizens.
CORE FUNCTIONS- Assessment
- Policy development
- Assurance
State Health Agencies
Chap 2: Organizations
State Health Agencies
Develop Policies
Link to/ Provide Care
Enforce Laws Mobilize ommunity Partnerships
Inform, Educate, Empower
Diagnose & Investigate
Monitor HealthEvaluate
Assure Competent Workforce
Research
System
Management
AssuranceAssessment
PolicyDevelopment
Chap 2: Organizations
State Health Agencies • DIVISIONS OR BUREAUS
– Administration– Communicable and chronic disease prevention and
control– Vital and health statistics– Public health nursing– Environmental health– Health education or promotion– Maternal and child health– Mental health– Occupational and industrial health– Laboratory services– Health services– Veterinary public health
Chap 2: Organizations
Organizational of Local Health Departments
EnvironmentalHealth
HealthEducation
Nursing VitalStatistics
ChronicDisease
CommunicableDisease
HealthCommissoner
Health Officer(Physician)
Board
Chap 2: Organizations
Local Health Agencies
FUNDING–Major portion comes comes from local property taxes–Some state and federal dollars–Some programs “fee-for-service” basis
COORDINATED SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAM
–Health education–Healthful school environment –Health services
Chap 2: Organizations
Coordinated School Health Program
• An organized set of policies, procedures, and activities designed to protect, promote, and improve the health and well-being of students and staff, thus improving the student’s ability to learn.
• Components• school health education • physical education• health services • school nutrition• school environment • family and
community• counseling health promotion• psychological and social services
Chap 2: Organizations
Quasi-governmental Organizations• QUASI-GOVERNMENTAL HEALTH
AGENCIES – Some responsibilities assigned by
government but operate more like voluntary agencies
– Funded by tax dollars and private sources
– Operate independently of government supervision
• AMERICAN RED CROSS
• NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
• NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Chap 2: Organizations
Non-governmental Health Agencies • NONGOVERNMENTAL HEALTH
AGENCIES – Funded by private donations
• VOLUNATARY HEALTH AGENCIES – Created by concerned citizens to deal with a
health need not met by governmental health agencies
• ORGANIZATION– National– State– Local
Chap 2: Organizations
Voluntary Health Agencies• PURPOSE
– Raise money to fund programs– Provide education both to professionals and
to the public– Provide service to those individuals and
families that are afflicted with the health problem
• LARGEST VOLUNATARY HEALTH AGENCIES – American Cancer Society– American Heart Association– American Lung Association
Chap 2: Organizations
Non-governmental Health Agencies • PROFESSIONAL HEALTH
ORGANIZATIONS/ASSOCIATIONS – Mission - promote high standards of
professional practice for their specific profession.
– American Public Health Association– American Medical Association– American Nursing Association– American Dental Association– Society of Public Health Education, Inc.
Chap 2: Organizations
Non-governmental Health Agencies• PHILANTROPIC FOUNDATIONS
• Provide funding for research and programming– Rockefeller Foundation– Robert Wood Johnson Foundation– Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation– W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Chap 2: OrganizationsNon-governmental
Health Agencies SERVICE, SOCIAL, AND
RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS – Jaycees– Kiwanis Club– Rotary Club– Shriners– American Legion
CORPORATE INVOLVEMENT
– Worksite programs– Sponsorship of health-
enhancing activities in the community
Chap 2: Organizations
Chapter 2Chapter 2
OORGANIZATIONSRGANIZATIONS T THATHAT HHELPELP S SHAPEHAPE
CCOMMUNITYOMMUNITY H HEALTHEALTH