BGMEA UNIVERSITY OF FASHION & TECHNOLOGY

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PRESENTATION ON PINA FIBER

Submitted by :- 132-065-0-155 132-073-0-155 132-072-0-155 132-070-0-155 132-078-0-155

CONTENT’S NAMEFiberPina fiberHistory of pina fiberClassification Physical propertiesChemical propertiesChemical

constituents Difference between pina & other natural fiberCultivation method Advantage of pina fiberHow to take care of pina fiberVarious usesWhy pina is so expensivePast,present & future of pina fiber

What is fiber? The material, which consists fibrous structure and length is thousand times higher than its width is called FIBER.

FIBER

NATURAL

ANIMAL

VEGETABLE

SEED

LEAF PINA

BASTMINAREL

MAN MADE

PINA FIBERMan has always been innovative. When talking of textile fibers, man has made natural fibers many plants. One of such inventions is Piña, a textile fiber obtained from pineapple leaves for making fabric.

What is pina fiber?

Piña is a fiber made from the leaves of a pineapple plant and is commonly used in the Philippines. It is sometimes combined with silk or polyester to create a textile fabric. Piña's name comes from the Spanish word piña which literally means Pineapple. piña fabric is hand loomed by only a few weavers, it is very precious and scarce, which also makes it expensive.

History of PINA FIBER

Kalibo, Aklan is the main and the oldest manufacturer/weaver of piña cloth in the Philippines which are being exported to various parts of the world most particularly North America, and Europe. History records suggest that Kalibo's piña cloth was traded during the Pre-Hispanic times and reached as far as Greece and Egypt during its heyday, although the pineapple plant was brought to the Philippines by the Spaniards from the Americas. Kalibo is also known for other native products such as handbags made of buri leaves which is a favorite for tourists visiting the town. Pineapple silk is considered the queen of Philippine fabrics and is considered the fabric of choice of the Philippine elite. During the 1996 meeting of APEC in the Philippines, world leaders donned a pineapple silk Barong Tagalog from Kalibo during the traditional group photo.

Classification of pineappleKingdom Plante(Unranked) Angiosperms(Unranked) Monocots(Unranked) CommelinidsOrder PoalesFamily BromelioideaeSubfamily BromelioideaeGenus AnanasSpecies A.comosus

Cultivation method ofPINA FIBER

1.Since piña is from a leaf, the leaf has to be cut first from the plant.

2.Then the fiber is pulled or split away from the leaf.

3.Most leaf fibers are long and somewhat stiff. Each strand of the piña fiber is hand scraped and is knotted one by one to form a continuous filament to be handwoven.

4.piña is intensive, as each step is done mostly by hand.

Physical Properties of pina fiberLength(mm) 3-9

Breadth(10-3 mm) 4-8

L/B ratio 450

Gravimetric Fineness(tex) 1.54

Tenacity(gm/tex) 50

Extension at break(%) 2-6

Flextural rigidity(dyne cm-2) 3.8

Density (Gm/cc) 1.48Moisture Regain at 65%

Pineapple leaf fiber is multi-cellular with an average ultimate cell length of 5 mm. The fiberis lignocelluloses in nature.

Chemical properties of PINA FIBER

Holocellulose

87.56%

Alpha-cellulose

78.11%

Hemicellulo 9.45%

Lignin 4.78%Optical micrograph of

crosssection of PALF

It has been found that PALF consists of following chemical entities -

Chemical constituentsVarious pineapple fibre constituents viz. α-cellulose, pentosans, lignin, fat and wax, ashcontent, nitrogenous matter, pectin ,degree of polymerization and crystallinity of α-cellulose determined with standard methods.

Difference between pina & other natural fiber(Physical and Chemical Properties)

Physical Properties

Pineapple leaf fiber

jute cotton

Length(mm) 3-9 0.8-6.0 15-60

Breadth(10-3 mm)

4-8 5-25 15-20

L/B ratio 450 110 1300

Gravimetric Fineness(tex)

1.54 1.25-5.0 0.10-0.30

Tenacity(gm/tex) 50 35-50 20-45

Extension at break(%)

2-6 1.0-2.5 6.5-7.5

Chemical propertiesAlpha-Cellulose 70 60.5 92.89

Lignin 4.5 13.3 0.54

ADVANTAGE OF PINA FIBER & CLOTH The fabric has a natural gloss similar to silk, and is better in quality. This gloss protects the fibers and as a result, piña does not require any t0 treatment with toxic chemicals.It is easy to wash and care for; no dry cleaning required!Piña cloth is wear-resistant

It is an ideal eco-textile for clothing

Pina fiber Long, fine, lustrous.

1.Dissolve a small amount of mild detergent in warm water.

2.Soak to free dirt and stains,then gently hand wash.If the fabric has yellowed,add vinegar to the water and soak overnight.

3.Use a soft toothbrush to scrub off stubborn dirt.

4.Rinse in an up/down dipping motion.Do not twist or wring.

5.Hang (on plastic hanger) and shape to drip dry or lay flat to dry.

How to take care of Pina Fabric?

Various uses of Pina fiber

piña fabric is converted into valuable items such as Barong Tagalog, kimona, panuelo, vestments, table linen, pillow cases, gowns, shawls, fans and other items.

Barong Tagalog kimona vestments Table linen

Why pina is so expensive???

Pineapple fibers are an

ivory-white color and

naturally glossy. This

delicate and dreamy

clothis translucent, soft and

fine with a high luster.

Since piña fabric is

hand loomed by only a

few weavers, it is very

precious and scarce,

which also makes it

expensive.

Past , Present & Future Prospective of Pina Fiber……

During the 19th century , pina fabric was in demand worldwide. However , production ceased and all but disappeared when cheaper cotton fabrics took over . By the mid eighties , pina fiber was nearly impossible to find , with only a handful of aging ,part time weavers.

Re-establishing the pina trade has been very difficult.

Past,Present & Future Prospective of Pina Fiber….

It began with marketing the pina barong (embroidered traditional formal garment) locally which eventually influenced the elite.This campaign elevated pina fabric to become a symbol of status.

Past,Present & Future Prospective of Pina Fiber

Domestic support also marked the beginning of a foundation dedicated to the revival of Philippine arts , crafts and culture.

Fortunately , traditional pina weaving has survived being dangerously close to disappearing and production has since begun to flourish . Now , once again , pina fiber has great prospects for the future.

Cloths made by pina fiber

Thank you for your attention