Autonomic Nervous System

Nermeen BastawyPhysiology Department

Faculty of MedicineCairo University

2

Central nervous system(brain & spinal cord)

Central nervous system(brain & spinal cord)

Peripheral nervous systemPeripheral nervous system

Somatic or Voluntary Autonomic or Involuntary

SympatheticSympathetic ParasympatheticParasympathetic

Cardiac& smooth ms, glands skeletal ms

Brain sp.cd

Origin

s

1 8

Somatic # ANS

motor

SOMATIC # AUTONOMIC

AUTONOMIC NERVESAUTONOMIC NERVES

Smooth & cardiac ms

• Ganglia

• From LHCs

• NT: Ach, catecholamine

• Pre G myelinated B

• Post G unmyelinated C

SOMATIC NERVESSOMATIC NERVES

• sk. ms.

• NO GANGLIANO GANGLIA.

• AHCs

• NT : ACh

• Myelinated A fibers.

13/07/2010 5

Types of ganglia

Cranial nerves

Spinal cord Terminal

Collatral

Para vertebral

Adrenal gland

ANS

• Sympathetic NS stress : -“Fight or flight”

-“E” division:exercise,emergency.

• Parasympathetic rest:-Maintain normal functions

-“D” division: digestion,

defecation, and diuresis.

Horner syndrome

NA

A

Symp. Thoracolumber

T1 L3Craniosacral1973, S2,3,4

Ganglia away from organs

Ganglia near to organs

Long postgang. Short postgang.

NA, Ach Ach13/07/2010 13

Parasym.

ANS H & N Parasymp Symp.

Eye (Iris) Myosis. Mydriasis.

Eye (Ciliary ms) Contraction . No innervation.

Eye(Muller ms) No innervation Contraction.

Salivary Gland Watery sec. Mucous sec.

Sweat Glands No innervation ++sweating

Hair follicles No innervation Piloerection

Target Organ

Parasymp. Symp

Heart - - - HR.

VC coronary

++ HR & force VD coronary

Lungs Bronchoconst. Bronchodil.

GIT ++ peristalsis, secretion & bile.

-- peristalsis, secretion.

UB& rectum Urination & defecation

Retension.

Genetalia Erection Ejaculation.

Medulla oblongata

III

Ciliary ganglion

Ciliary muscle, circular muscles of irisVII

Lacrimal gland

Sphenopalatine ganglion

Submaxillary and sublingual gland

Submaxillary ganglion

IX

Parotid gland

Otic ganglion

X

Heart,lung, intestine

Nervi irrigantis Kidney, bladder, colon and genitals

Pelvic ganglion

Cervical

Lumber

Sacral

Thoracic

18

Cervical

T1T2T3T4T5T6T7T8T9

T10T11T12L1L2L3

Thorax

H & NCG

CG ,SMGGIT , liver , spleen &

adrenal gland

IMGGenitals

Heart,

19

•Ach :Fiberscholinergic F

Receptorscholinergic R

•NA :Fibersadrenergic F

Receptorsadrenergic R

Sweet G Sweet G Bl.VBl.V

Pre GPre G

Post GPost G

Ch RCh R

Ch RCh RXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Ch RCh R

Ad RAd R

ANS

SYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

ACh

adrenal medula

NA & A in blood

ACh

NA

ACh

ACh

Bl.V sweat glands

MANY ORGANS

ACh

AChACh

Nm skeletal muscles

NN NN NN NN

NN

22

MANY ORGANS

AChACh NANASites Sites Nerve Knobs Nerve knobs

Adrenal G

Source Source Choline+Acetyle-COA

Dopamine

Storage Storage Clear vesicle Dark vesicle

Release Release AP Ca++ Exocytosis

Remove Remove Ach esterase Reuptake

MAO/COMT

Decarboxylase

PNMT PNMT adrenaladrenal glandgland

in liver

Cholinergic RCholinergic R

Central = Nicotinic R

Periphral = Muscarinic R

a

B

B

a

Autonomic drugs

++++ - - - - -Ganglionic +++ Ganglionic ---

Sympatho-mimetic

Sympatholytic

Parasympatho-mimetic

Parasympatho-lytic

Sympathetic drugs

Sympathomimetic ++++

Sympatholytic - - - - -

Ganglia NSD

Antich.esterase

NLD

TEA

Alpha R

Beta R

A, NA

A, ISP

Phentolamine

Propranolol

NT Ephedrine

Amphetamine

Tyramine

Guanethidine

Reserpine

Methyldopa

Parasympathetic drugs

PS-mimetic +++ PS-lytic - - -

Ganglia NSD

Antich.esterase

NLD

TEA

Muscarinic R

Antich.esteraseMuscarinePilocarpine Metacholine

Atropine

Homatropine