PAST PERFECT (Aff.)(General)

I

You

He / She / It

We

You

They

had + past part.

had + past part.

had + past part.

I

You

He / She / It

We

You

They

had done

had done

had done

Do

Examples• I had always been a student before I became a teacher.• You had eaten all the cake before I found out where it

was.• Pedro had already done his homework by the time his

parents arrived home.• María had been my girlfriend before she started going

out with Pedro.• By the time the cat realized there was a mouse, it had

run away.• Pedro, María and I had been to the USA before the twin

towers were pulled down by terrorists.• “After you, boys and girls had left the house, all your

friends started to come round.”• Pedro and María had had a baby before they got

married.

PAST PERFECT (Neg.)(General) Do

I

You

He / She / It

We

You

They

hadn’t + past part.

hadn’t + past part.

hadn’t + past part.

I

You

He / She / It

We

You

They

hadn’t done

hadn’t done

hadn’t done

Examples• I hadn’t always been a student before I became a teacher.• You hadn’t eaten all the cake before I found out where it

was.• Pedro hadn’t done his homework yet by the time his parents

arrived home.• María hadn’t been my girlfriend before she started going out

with Pedro.• The cat hadn’t seen the mouse until it made that funny

noise.• Pedro, María and I hadn’t been to the USA before the twin

towers were pulled down by terrorists.• “You, boys and girls hadn’t made your beds when I came

back from work.”• Pedro and María hadn’t had a baby before they got married.

PAST PERFECT (Aff. Int.)

I

You

He / She / It

We

You

They

had + past part.

had + past part.

had + past part.

I

You

He / She / It

We

You

They

had done

had done

had done

Do(General)

PAST PERFECT (Int.)(General) Do

I

you

he / she / it

we

you

they

Had past part.?

Had

Had past part.?

past part.?

I

you

he / she / it

we

you

they

Had

Had

Had

done ?

done ?

done ?

Examples• Had I always been a student before I became a teacher?• Had you eaten all the cake when I saw you in the kitchen?• Had Pedro done his homework by the time his parents

arrived home?• Had María been your girlfriend before she started going

out with Pedro?• Had the cat realized there was a mouse before you

opened the door?• Had Pedro, María and I been to the USA before the twin

towers were pulled down by terrorists?• Had you all left before your friends arrived?”• Had Pedro and María had a baby before they got

married?.

Short Answers• Had I always been a student before I became a teacher?

Yes, you had. // No, you hadn’t.• Had you eaten all the cake when I saw you in the kitchen?

Yes, you had. // No, you hadn’t.• Had Pedro done his homework by the time his parents arrived home?

Yes, he had. // No, he hadn’t.• Had María been your girlfriend before she started going out with Pedro?

Yes, she had // No, she hadn’t• Had the cat realized there was a mouse before you opened the door?

Yes, it had. // No, it hadn’t.• Had Pedro, María and I been to the USA before the twin towers were pulled

down by terrorists?Yes, you had. // No, you hadn’t.

• Had you all left before your friends arrived?”Yes, we had. // No, we hadn’t.

• Had Pedro and María had a baby before they got married?.Yes, they had. // No, they hadn’t.