Paris Ile de France, Unregulated competitive decentralization

Christian Lefèvre, Université Paris-Est, Institut Français d’Urbanisme,

LATTS

Regional Studies Association Research NetworkGoverning Metropolitan regions

within a Localist Agenda: London, Paris and Berlin

Second Seminar:22nd February, 2013

Institutional and policy issues: Articulating scales

1950-80s : State-led metropolis

1980-00s: Unfinished decentralization

2000-today: Unregulated competitive Decentralization

3 major periods

1950-80s : a State-led metropolis

Major Developments

- La Défense- Public Transport and road network- Major housing schemes- universities, etc.

New public agencies and public corporations

- DATAR- AFTRP- IAURP- District de la région de Paris

1980-00s: Unfinished decentralization

1982-1983: Decentralization Acts and creation of Regions

Ile de France as an exception: Planning and Public Transport not transfered to local governments

2000-today: Unregulated competitive Decentralization

New powers to the Regional Council

Too many players: extreme fragmentation

Concurrent initiatives for territorial leadership

New powers to the Regional Council

STIF (Public Transport) is controlled by the Region

A new master plan elaborated by the Regional Council

State remains in control of transit operators

State must approve the Master Plan

The 1300 municipalities of the Ile de France

Too many players: extreme fragmentation

The 8 départements

Concurrent initiatives for territorial leadership

City of Paris: Metropolitan conference, Paris Métropole and Metropolitan pole

The State: the Grand Paris project

Regional Council: Reluctance to participate and not very present

City of Paris: Metropolitan conference 2006-2009

Paris Métropole: 2009 ----

Paris Métropole in 2012

Metropolitan Pole?

The State: the Grand Paris project

OIN

Grand Paris Transport

The Grand Paris Act (2010)

The OIN (Zones of National Interest) in the Ile de France region

The Grand Paris Transport project

CONCLUSION

Competitive Decentralization

Conflicts of vision and territorial leadership

No legitimate leader

No places for dialogue, mediation and negotiation