Paper Review:AmI Technology Helps To Sustain

Speed While Merging

A Data Driven Simulation Study on Madrid Motorway Ring M30

Objectives & Results

To determine whether or not vehicle speed can be sustained while merging onto a motorway, leading to more harmonious integration of merging cars

Simulations showed that with Ambient Intelligence technology:

1. Increase in road throughput – 14% increase

2. Reduced variance in traffic flow

Outline

I. Motivation

II. Object of Study: The Madrid Motorway

III. Achievement of Traffic Merging

IV. CA-Based Simulation

V. Conclusions

Outline: Motivation

Merges on crowded motorways are a major influence on traffic fluidity and on road safety

I. Safety rules are disregarded

II. Related work: no general solution for merging

III. Research HypothesisI. To reduce merging delays Ambient Intelligence

(AmI) technology was applied as an assistance system to help drivers make decisions

Outline: Motivation

Cellular Automata (CA) based simulation model, operating data driven and continually evaluating lane change possibilities- Discrete model used in computability theory, mathematics, etc.

Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid Motorway

M30 Motorway • Built in 1970• 32.5km (20.2 miles)• 300,000 vehicles/day• 500,000 passengers/day

Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid MotorwayIntelligent Transport System

(ITS) controls the open air and buried tunneled roads

2km -segment used for real traffic flow analysis

• Peak: 7,290 veh/hr• 87,800 veh/workday• Traffic shapes repeat each day• Lower & upper main road: 3

lanes

Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid Motorway

Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid Motorway

Outline: Achievement of Traffic MergingReal traffic flow analysis:

1. During high traffic situations, driver is highly focused on safely steering car from ramp onto main road

2. General optimization problem:• Drivers often keep rightmost lane instead of changing the lane early• Range of visibility: 100’s of meters (normal conditions), shortened in

dense traffic/bad weather

AmI Solution:

3. Vibro-tactile notification integrated into seat

4. Extending range of perception:1. Inform driver of upcoming merging section

2. Overrule driver’s decision to keep on driving on current lane

Outline: CA-Based Simulation

Data Driven Simulation• 14% increase in throughput

Control Experiment• Up to 9% increase in throughput from lower to higher

perception coupled with decreasing inter-car lane changing distance

Details

For observed throughput of 5,270 vehicles/hour with average spacing of 50.94m, simulated throughput was 6,000veh/h with inter-car spacing of 52.20m

Throughput vs inter-car gaps. Range of perception of driver has almost no effect on throughput for high density traffic

Details

Generated one of hour constant traffic for upper and lower at a rate of 3000 veh/h and 6000veh/h. Up to a 9% increase in throughput

Throughput vs inter-car gaps for artificial traffic at a rate of 6,000veh/h

Details

Details

Iner-Car Spacing=10m

Iner-Car Spacing=25m

Iner-Car Spacing=50m

Through put at logging point (L16) for perception range 100m over a 10-hour time period