ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS Reading Across the Disciplines, 5/e Kathleen McWhorter “Good order is the...

ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS

Reading Across the Disciplines, 5/e Kathleen McWhorter

“Good order is the foundation of all things.”by Edmund Burke

Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Organizational Patterns

Copyright © 2012 by Pearson education, Inc.

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1: Recognize definition

What is the definition pattern?

Copyright © by Pearson Education, Inc.


To visualize the definition pattern, see diagram below.



TRANSITIONS FOR THE DEFINITION PATTERN

Genetics is …bureaucracy means…patronage refers to …aggression can be defined as …deficit is another term that…balance of power also means…


Which of the following is the best meaning of the definition pattern?

A. It shows similarities and differences.B. It presents a sequence of events.C. It introduces new terminology and their

meanings.D. It groups items into different groups or

categories.


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2: Recognize classification

What is the classification pattern?


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2: Recognize Classification

You can visualize the classification pattern as shown below.


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2: Recognize classification


Which of the following is a true statement about the classification pattern?

A. It divides a broad topic into its major categories.B. It presents information in a particular sequence

or order.C. It expresses a relationship between two or more

actions, events, or occurrences that are connected in time.

D. Its ideas are organized in a pattern that expresses order.


Which of the following is a true statement about the classification pattern?

A. It divides a broad topic into its major categories.B. It presents information in a particular sequence

or order.C. It expresses a relationship between two or more

actions, events, or occurrences that areconnected in time.

D. Its ideas are organized in a pattern that expresses order.

Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc..

LEARNING OBJECTIVE 3: Recognize order or sequence

What is the order or sequence pattern?




You can visualize the chronological order pattern as follows:


Process is the pattern that focuses on procedures, steps, or stages. Transitional words and phrases oftenused in conjunction with this pattern are similar to those used for chronological order.



You can visualize the process pattern as follows:



Order of Importance–Ideas are organized in a patternthat expresses order of priority or preference. Ideasare arranged in one of two ways: from most to leastimportant, or from least to most important.



Spatial Order–Information is organized according to itsPhysical location, or position or order in space, exhibitsa pattern that is known as spatial order.


Which of the following is not one of the order or sequence pattern?

A. chronologyB. spatial orderC. order of importanceD. generalization


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 4: Recognize cause and effect

What is the cause-and-effect pattern?



You can visualize the cause and effect pattern as follows:


Which of the following is not a transition for the cause- and-effect pattern?

A. leads toB. consequentlyC. in additionD. results in


Which of the following is not a transition for the cause- and-effect pattern?

A. leads toB. consequentlyC. In addition D. results in


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 5: Recognize compare and contrast

What is the compare and contrast pattern?



You can visualize the compare and contrast pattern as follows:


Which of the following is a transition for the compare and contrast pattern?

A. first, second, thirdB. because, consequently, as a resultC. similar, different, unlikeD. in fact, in other words


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 6: Listing/enumeration

What is the listing/enumeration pattern?



You can visualize the listing/enumeration pattern as follows:


Which of the following is the best definition of the listing/enumeration pattern?

A. The writer makes a statement of fact, then proceeds to clarify or explain that statement.

B. The writer gives bits of information on a topicby stating them one after the other in no particular order.

C. The writer often introduces an idea or makesa statement and then supply additional information about that idea or statement.

D. The writer presents a condensed statement thatprovides the key points of longer pieces of text.


Which of the following is the best definition of the listing/enumeration pattern?

A. The writer makes a statement of fact, thenproceeds to clarify or explain that statement.

B. The writer gives bits of information on a topicby stating them one after the other in noparticular order.

C. The writer often introduces an idea or makesa statement and then supply additional information about that idea or statement.

D. The writer presents a condensed statement thatprovides the key points of longer pieces of text.


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 7: Mixed patterns

What are mixed patterns?


Which of the following essay questions would be developed using a mixed pattern?

A. Compare and contrast factors that causedthe United States’ involvement in the Revolutionary War and the Civil War.

B. List seven steps for effective public speaking.C. Define Stockholm Syndrome.D. Discuss the three types of prisons.


Which of the following essay questions would be developed using a mixed pattern?

A. Compare and contrast factors that causedthe United States’ involvement in theRevolutionary and the Civil War.

B. List seven steps for effective public speaking.C. Define Stockholm Syndrome.D. Discuss the three types of prisons.


LEARNING OBJECTIVE 8: Other patterns of organization

What are other patterns of organization?


Which of the following makes a statement of fact and then proceeds to explain it?

A. definitionB. chronologyC. statement and clarificationD. addition


Summary list of patterns and transitions


Fill in the blank with the correct pattern of organization from the box below.

effect definition cause contrast mixed pattern statement/ comparison classification summary enumerationclarification addition summary example chronologicallist spatial order

1. _______is the pattern of organization that showsthe writer is giving an instance of a general conceptto illustrate a point.

2. _______gives the meaning of new words, concepts, or terminology.

3. The ________pattern presents details in no particular order, such as characteristics, features, parts or categories.


Fill in the blank with the correct pattern of organization.

4. ________ shows how two or more ideas are alike or similar.5. ________ shows how two or more ideas are unlike or

dissimilar.6. The words in addition, first, second, or third show the

________ pattern.7. A (n)________ pattern tells or gives a reason why something

happened.8. A(n) ________ pattern states a result or outcome.9. The words, also and furthermore, show the _________

pattern.



10. _________are organizational patterns that are combinedto express the writer’s ideas or concepts.

11. _________ is the pattern in which the writer makes astatement of fact and then proceeds to clarify or explain it.

12. A (n)_________ is a condensed statement that provides thekey points of a larger idea or piece of writing.

13. _________ describes physical location or position in space.14. _________ divides a topic into parts based on shared

characteristics.15. The pattern that describes events, processes, or procedures is

called __________.


Fill in the blank with the correct pattern of organization from the box below.

effect definition cause contrast mixed patternstatement/ comparison classification summary enumerationclarification addition summary example chronologicallist

1. Example is the pattern of organization that showsthe writer is giving an instance of a general conceptto illustrate a point.

2. Definition gives the meaning of new words, conceptsor terminology.

3. The list pattern presents details in no particularorder, such as characteristics, features, parts orcategories.


spatial order


4. Comparison shows how two or more ideas are alike or similar.5. Contrast shows how two or more ideas are unlike or dissimilar.6. The words, in addition, first, second, or third, show the

enumeration pattern.7. A cause pattern tells or gives a reason why something

happened.8. A(n) effect pattern states a result or outcome.9. The words, also and furthermore, show the addition

pattern.



10. Mixed patterns are organizational patterns that are combined to express the writer’s ideas or concepts.

11. Statement/clarification is the pattern in which the writer makes a statement of fact and then proceeds to clarify or explain it.

12. A(n) summary is a condensed statement that provides the key points of a larger idea or piece of writing.

13. Spatial order describes physical location or position in space.14. Classification divides a topic into parts based on shared

characteristics.15. The pattern that describes events, processes, or procedures is

called chronological.Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education Inc.

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