Ordenamento do Espaço Marítimo: Desenvolvimento a nível ......Sustentabilidade Aula AAOEM | 28...
Transcript of Ordenamento do Espaço Marítimo: Desenvolvimento a nível ......Sustentabilidade Aula AAOEM | 28...
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Ordenamento do Espaço Marítimo: Desenvolvimento a nível Mundial
&
Sustentabilidade ambiental e OEM
Catarina Frazão SantosInvestigadora FCUL & MARE [email protected]
28 de Novembro de 2018Mestrado em Ecologia Marinha | Avaliação Ambiental e Ordenamento do Espaço Marítimo
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Aulas AAOEM – 28/11
Aula AAOEM | 28 Novembro 2018 | CFS
1. MSP around the world
2. Sustainability issues
3. Exercise
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Sustentabilidade
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Sustainable development
Brundtland Report (1987)
“Development that meets the needs of thepresent without compromising the ability offuture generations to meet their own needs”
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Sustentabilidade
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Sustentabilidade
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Ecosystem-based management
Emerging paradigm of ocean management that has been promoted worldwide as the best way to ensure sustainability of marine ecosystems goods and services Katsanevakis et al (2011)
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Sustentabilidade
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Ecosystem-based management
IntegratedPlace-basedFocuses on specific ecosystemRecognizes existing connectivity among all of its elements, including humansAims for sustainability
Arkema et al (2006)
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Sustentabilidade
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EU maritime policy initiatives have continuously emphasized importance of progressing towards EBM implementation and achieving a sustainable use of marine and coastal ecosystems
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Sustentabilidade
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MSP recognized as a tool/approach with high potential to contribute tosustainable use of the oceans
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Sustentabilidade
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“Public process of analyzing and allocating thespatial and temporal distribution of humanactivities in marine areas to achieve ecological,economic, and social objectives that are usuallyspecified through a political process”Ehler & Douvere (2009) MSP step-by-step
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Sustentabilidade
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Key question for the long-term adequacy of MSP is how it is actually addressing sustainability
Based on hard or soft sustainability concepts?
Prioritizes ecosystems conservation, or Blue Growth?
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Sustentabilidade
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Ecosystem-based MSP Integrated-use MSPEcosystem conservation
Hard sustainabilityBlue growth
Soft sustainability
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Sustentabilidade
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Marine goods and services (natural capital) are the basis or foundation for MSP, and are not interchangeable with other types of capital
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Sustentabilidade
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… socioeconomic sectors that depend on them are expected to collapse as well
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Sustentabilidade
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Environmental economics Strong sustainability
A socio-ecological system's overall utility (U) results from the sum of its natural capital (N), man-made capital (K) and human capital (L). Hard sustainability requires that U increases over time and that N never decrease
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Sustentabilidade
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Ecosystem conservation is just one sector/pillar upon which MSP builds (others are fisheries, energy, tourism…) and the ultimate goal is to foster sustainable blue growth
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Sustentabilidade
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If some pillars collapse, the system can still be maintained
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Sustentabilidade
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Environmental economics Weak sustainability
Soft sustainability also requires U to increase, but allows for trade-offs among N, K and L
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Sustentabilidade
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Concepts become equivalent as N’s value becomes infinite
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Sustentabilidade
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Ecosystem-based MSP
Many advocate that MSP “has its roots in marine nature conservation”, as an extension of marine protected areas establishment (e.g. Australian Great Barrier Reef Marine Park) and as a practical way to address broader concerns on biodiversity conservation (e.g. the goals of the Rio+20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development)
Or that although MSP was not “created explicitly for conservation or protection” it does catalyze environmental sustainability, by fostering the allocation of areas for conservation
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Sustentabilidade
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However “as MSP spread, the focus on ecosystem-based management and stewardship became diluted”. This “shift” in MSP drivers seems to have occurred due to an increasing need to manage conflicting (existing and future) maritime uses, especially in highly industrial maritime areas
Key points from the EU-funded MESMA project highlight that “MSP in the case studies was intended to provide for, or at least not obstruct, strategically important infrastructure development projects”. In accordance, most national follow this integrated approach
Integrated-use MSP
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Aula AAOEM | 28 Novembro 2018 | CFS
Desafios Globais
Frazão Santos et al (2019) World Seas - Vol. 3 - Chapter 30
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Bibliografia
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2013. Qiu W, Jones PJS. The emerging policy landscape for marine spatial planning in Europe. Marine Policy 39, 182–190.
2014. Frazão Santos C, Domingos T, Ferreira MA, Orbach M, Andrade F. How sustainable is sustainable marine spatial planning? Part I—linking the concepts. Marine Policy 49, 59–65.
2016. Jones PSJ, Lieberknecht LM, Qiu W. Marine spatial planning in reality: introduction to case studies and discussion of findings. Marine Policy 71, 256–264.
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Aulas AAOEM – 28/11
Aula AAOEM | 28 Novembro 2018 | CFS
1. MSP around the world
2. Sustainability issues
3. Exercise
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Exercícios
Aula AAOEM | 28 Novembro 2018 | CFS
Seleccionar dois países com OEM
1. Que tipo de sustentabilidade? (forte/fraca; conservação/blue growth)
2. Porquê?