Orbitron STS as Space Industrialization Tool
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ORBITRON Space Transportation System (Orbitron STS) as Space Industrialization Tool (Executive Summary) Alexander Mayboroda AVANTA Consulting Moscow Space Club March 12, 2015 LOW-COST SPACE CARGO DELIVERY
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Transcript of Orbitron STS as Space Industrialization Tool
ORBITRON Space Transportation System (Orbitron STS) as Space
Industrialization Tool
(Executive Summary)
Alexander MayborodaAVANTA Consulting
Moscow Space ClubMarch 12, 2015
LOW-COST SPACE CARGO DELIVERY
Issues of Cargo Delivery Into Space
• Satellite launch to geostationary orbit costs up to 50 000 USD / kg;• Space business development requires reduction in prices to 5-10% of
current ones;• According to Siberian Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences
data, price reduction on raw materials delivery to orbital technological spacecraft to less than $ 3 000 / kg will make profitable the production of solar batteries for terrestrial consumers. Thus, transposition costs reduction opens the market of over $ 100 billion / year revenue.
Market Prospects
• Launching services market is growing. In 2013 the market reached $ 5.4 billon*.
• In case of unit cost reduction by 10 times, annual profits of launching companies will amount to $ 5 billion.
*) According to Satellite Industry Association (SIA) information on telecommunication, space and satellite industries revenues between 2001 and 2013.
General Direction to Solve the Problem
• Attempts to solve the problem are aspirations to create reusable space vehicles and to reduce prices by decreasing spacecraft depreciation & amortization expenses.
• Unfortunately, such projects are long overdue; and single use rockets (expendable spacecraft) are still being launched.
• Orbitron® STS Project solves the problem of reusable space transportation systems;
• Orbitron® STS is based on a prototype thoroughly worked out in the USA and the USSR.
Solution: Orbitron® STS
Solution: Orbitron® STS Prototype
• PROFAC (PROpulsive Fluid ACcumulator) is the project by Sterge Demetriades that could have been an efficient system to produce oxygen from atmosphere for orbital fuel stations;
• The orbital collector project was not implemented because a nuclear reactor was to be used onboard the accumulator spacecraft, which was forbidden due to its orbit low altitude of 120 km; international rules allow nuclear reactor usage only at over 800 km altitudes.
Solution: Orbitron® STS
Orbitron® STS is a modified PROFAC system that provides orbital gas collector spacecraft efficient work:
• At altitudes of over 800 km using nuclear reactor;
• At altitudes of 200-400 km using solar batteries.
Orbitron® Orbital Substance Collector
• Orbitron® STS consists of two parts:
• The first part – aerospace – is the land-based part working on suborbital rockets;
• Second part – orbital – is a satellite cargo collector.
• Aerospace part creates a gas filled channel n front of the orbital collector with 0.01-0.1 kg/m3 substance concentration;
• Cylinder gas-holders made of highly durable film material are used to create the gas filled channel;
• Collector’s kinetic energy supply replenishment is done by low-thrust electric engines e.g. electric propulsion motor with 16-32 km/sec specific impulse.
Orbitron® Orbital Substance Collector
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• The advantage of Orbitron® STS over its prototype is that the gas filled channel is created at any altitude;
• The gas-holder is made of highly durable film material with density of up to 2 GPa in form of a cylinder of 100 - 1 000 meters long.
• As a result, due to the orbit’s altitude, solar power station is used instead of nuclear power station.
Video scheme of Orbitron® STS orbital movement is available here: https://youtu.be/aQ1atAGFC9k
Orbitron® Orbital Substance Collector
• The collector’s movement scheme around the Earth in the process of capturing gas portions that are supplied by suborbital reusable rocket-launchers in points 1 and 2.
Watch the video scheme of collector’s orbital movement here: http://mayboroda.com/en/multimedia/56-fig8-full
Orbitron® Orbital Substance Collector
Videos of conceptual working schemes are available here:
• PROFAC-ORBITRON® (1 min) https://youtu.be/EDSin1hL6dY
• PROFAC 1959 - ORBITRON® 2014 (2 min) https://youtu.be/q1uoNl6st_g
• The Orbital Raw Collector and rocket plane from Astrium EADS. Method 1 (1 min) https://youtu.be/y6QgCEkdSvk
• The Orbital Raw Collector and rocket plane from Astrium EADS. Method 2 (1 min) https://youtu.be/oq4tq03FndQ
Operational Resources of Orbitron® Suborbital System and Orbital Substance Collector
• Suborbital rockets unlike space rockets can survive the first launch and, consequently, can be reused up to 6 000 times.
• Rocket-planes analogue to Lynx suborbital space-plane, for example, can be launched every 4 hours and possess the resource of 5 000 launches;
• Mission life of orbital collector’s engines of NEXT or VASIMR type is over 50 000 hours (about 5.5 years).
• This allows to reduce prices by decreasing spacecraft depreciation & amortization expenses.
• When pre-landing braking at the expense of rocket engines is used, no heat dangerous waves are created for the vehicle’s hull without special protection.
• Decelerating of the type allows reusing existing types of expendable launchers such as Zenith, Proton, Angara-A5 and Delta-VI Heavy without their substantial redesign.
• The landing technology allows 10 times cargo payload mass increase due to Vx decrease and fuel mass reduction, consequenltly.
Operational Resources of Orbitron® Suborbital System and Orbital Substance Collector
Cargo Types for Orbitron® STS
• Orbitron® STS Collector captures all kinds of cargoes including gases such as oxygen, argon, propane, butane, etc., as well as aerosols.
• Majority of cargoes delivered into space are not spacecraft but rocket fuel to set them into their final orbits.
• Up to 80% of spacecraft mass at its intermediary orbit accounts to the mass of its fuel, thus, cargoes to deliver are in abundance for Orbitron® STS.
Cargo Types for Orbitron® STS
• Apart from fuel transportation, raw materials delivery into space is essential for production of spacecraft spare parts and units within the AMAZE program. Such materials as aluminum, titan, carbon, silicon, etc., in the form of aerosols and gaseous compounds are to be delivered.
• European Space Agency (ESA) has launched the AMAZE program to use 3D printers to produce metallic parts and components for spacecraft, planes and thermonuclear power stations.
• ESA has invested more than € 20 million into AMAZE: 3D Printing Methods R&D.
Commercial Perspectives for Orbitron® Technology
• Space fuel stations chain to refuel returning rocket stages of rocket launchers and interorbital transfer vehicles (MTVs).
• Orbital platforms with 3D printers to produce spare parts and units for space vehicles and equipment.
• Orbital solar batteries production.
• Orbital solar power stations.16
Patents
• Method and system for delivering cargoes into space. US 8882047 B2. Status: Grant of patent is intended
• Method for delivering cargoes into space and a system for implementation of same. EP2390188 Status: Grant of patent is intended (Great Britain, Germany, France).
• Способ доставки грузов в космос и система его осуществления. Patent of Russia RU2398717
• Способ доставки грузов в космос и система его осуществления. Patent of Eurasia Patent Organization 017577
• Спосіб доставки вантажів в космос і система його здійснення. Patent of the Ukraine 99230
• Способ энергообеспечения космических аппаратов-накопителей. Patent of Russia RU2451631
• Energy supply method for spacecrafts-accumulators. Patent application pending US 2013/0233974 A1
• Method and system for feeding jet engines. Patent application pending US 2014/0326832 A1
Orbitron® STS Sales
• AVANTA Consulting plans to: • sell licenses in the countries where Orbitron® technology is patented;• sell franchises in other countries;• produce and sell collector’s key elements and equipment to be
installed on the customers’ units; • services on the delivery of satellites into space.
• Expected revenues:• licenses, franchises sales and royalty – $70 million (for the whole
period until 2030);• collector’s key elements sales – $ 100 million / year;• reusable launchers key elements sales and gas-holders sales – $ 300
million / year;• repeated operation of the second stage rocket – $ 1 billion / year;• repeated exploitation of space tug – $ 5 billion / year.
Market Segments for Orbitron® STS
• Launch Services market: $ 5 billion / year;
• Spacecraft and satellites production market, spacecraft being produced on the orbit using AMAZE program: $16 billion/year
Market Segments for Orbitron® STS
• Photoelectric converters market: $ 100 billion/year;
• Including thin-film solar batteries: $25 billion / year.
Market Segments for Orbitron® STS
Raw material supply market for satellite solar power station construction:
• within the framework of the Japanese Solarbird program: $24 billion;
• within the framework of the similar Chinese program: $24 billion.
Competitors
• Shackleton Energy Company, USA, working on water-production technologies on the Moon to produce oxygen and hydrogen to sell them via orbital fueling stations.
• PHARO start-up, USA, developing PROFAC system with laser energy drive to collect atmospheric oxygen in order to produce fuel for space fueling stations.
Potential partners and companions
• Analytical Mechanics Associates Inc.
• Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corporation
• The Boeing Company of Huntington Beach
• Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company in Littleton
• MacDonald • Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. • Intelsat• XCOR Aerospace• EADS Astrium• Virgin Galactic• Armadillo Aerospace• KosmoKurs
Potential partners and companions• TSNIIMASH (Central Scientific Research
Institute of Machine Building): orbital space vehicle air collectors and frameless solar batteries
• Space Research Institute of the Academy of Sciences: spacecraft mathematic models
• United Institute of High Temperatures: Mathematic models for shock and impact processes
• Institute of Semiconductor Physics of Siberian Department of Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian Space Agency: ОКА-Т technological module
• Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman: EDTS cable electric engine
• State Space Research and Production Center named after M. Khrunichev: MRKC-1 suborbital demonstrator
• Thermal-Design Engineering Department for Chemical Automation: thermal- chemical simulator for nuclear rocket engine
• State Scientific Center named after M. Keldysh: heating exchange hydrogen engine unit for solar heat rocket engine
• Lin Industrial Company: suborbital mini rocket launchers
[email protected] www.mayboroda.com
Customers
• Planetary ResourcesPlanetary Resources• Deep Space IndustriesDeep Space Industries• Bigelow AerospaceBigelow Aerospace• Space XSpace X• Orbital SciencesOrbital Sciences• Orbital ATKOrbital ATK• Boeing CompanyBoeing Company• Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin
CorporationCorporation26
• United Launch AllianceUnited Launch Alliance• Made in Space, Inc.Made in Space, Inc.• Space Adventures, LtdSpace Adventures, Ltd• The Aerospace CorporationThe Aerospace Corporation• EADSEADS• MDAMDA• Mitsubishi Corp.Mitsubishi Corp.• Shimizu Corp.Shimizu Corp.
Customers
• NASANASA• ESAESA• RoscosmosRoscosmos• NSAUNSAU• JAXAJAXA• CNSACNSA
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• ISROISRO• CSA / ASCCSA / ASC• KARIKARI• ISAISA• AEBAEB• CSIROCSIRO
Orbitron® Team
• Idea of the Project: Alexander Mayboroda Idea of the Project: Alexander Mayboroda • Project Manager: Vladimir MigelProject Manager: Vladimir Migel• Leading Specialists: D.K. Dragun, V.M. Melnikov, Leading Specialists: D.K. Dragun, V.M. Melnikov,
O.P. Pchelyakov, V.I. Florov O.P. Pchelyakov, V.I. Florov • Main participants and their skills: the team has ten Main participants and their skills: the team has ten
specialists with necessary qualifications, knowledge and specialists with necessary qualifications, knowledge and experience. experience.
• Among them, there are specialists of TSNIIMASH, Vympel Design Among them, there are specialists of TSNIIMASH, Vympel Design Engineering Department, Moscow State Technical University named Engineering Department, Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman, Space Research Institute of Russian Academy after N.E. Bauman, Space Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Semiconductor Physics of Siberian of Sciences, Institute of Semiconductor Physics of Siberian Department of Russian Academy of Sciences, Sputniks Company. Department of Russian Academy of Sciences, Sputniks Company.
Orbitron® Team
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Vladimir Migel
Alexander Mayboroda
Dmitry DragunDmitry Dragun
Vitaly MelnikovVitaly MelnikovOleg PchelyakovOleg Pchelyakov
Vadim FrolovVadim Frolov
Alexander Popov
Denis Anisimov
Yury Lebedev Victor Korovin
Orbitron® R&D Initial Stage Investments
Initial stages of the project require:• Front-end detail design definition;• Computer modelling;• Collector demo model production, tests and retrofit;• Micro-satellite version of the collector production for
space trials, its retrofit.
Required Funds: • $ 800 000 for the first year;• $ 1 200 000 for the second year.
The Second Stage Investments• Basic model of the Earth-Orbit system: dV=8 000 m/sec.• Starting mass of suborbital rocket: 2 000 kg.• Orbital collector mass: 18 000 kg.• Orbital collector resource and launch pad and reusable space vehucle: 5 years.• Electric capacity of the collector: 2.5 MW• Annual cargo traffic: 145 000 kg (8 launch every day).
• Launch pad and reusable space vehucle cost: $ 20 million per unit.• Orbital collector cost: $ 180 million.• The cost of the set of one collector and two launch pads: $ 220 million.• Unit delivery cost: $ 590 / kg.• Reusable space tug (delivery of satellites into geostationary orbit):
$ 15 million per unit.• The orbital fuel depots (refueling second stages to return to Earth):
$ 15 million per unit.• Placing the system in orbit: $ 210 million.
Total investment: $ 430 million.
The Third Stage Investments
• At this stage, the cost of placing the system in space is reduced to $ 10 million.
• Cost reduction offer low prices of the second stage of the system.
• Total investment: $ 230 million. • New unit delivery cost: $ 320 / kg.
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Summary
• Orbitron® STS provides 90% cost reduction on space cargoes delivery.
• Low-cost space cargoes transportation guarantees leadership in space business.
• Cost-saving provides extra profits on orbital spacecraft cargoes delivery such as raw materials and rocket fuel.
• Second rocket stage refueling provides their return on earth from the orbit and their reuse up to 10 times.
• Space tug refueling provides their return and their reuse up to 10-200 times.
• The project is looking for partners.
• AVANTA Consulting welcomes potential partners to negotiate collaboration on commercialization of Orbitron® STS Project.
Thank you for your attention
Contact information:• Address: 150 Bolshaya Sadovaya St., office 909,
Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia.• Tel.: +7 (863) 221 73 71, +7 (863) 263 32 94 • E-mail: [email protected]• Web-site: www.mayboroda.com
