Opportunities for Collaboration

Presentation to Visiting Team from

Sandia National Laboratory

Meeting Held at UCSD

La Jolla, CA

April 16, 2001

Governor Davis Created New Institutes for Science, Innovation, and Tech Transfer

UCSBUCLA

The California NanoSystems Institute

UCSFUCB

The California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology,

and Quantitative Biomedical Research

UCI

UCSD

The California Institute for Telecommunications

and Information Technology

The Center for Information Technology Research

in the Interest of Society(Proposed-UCB, UCD, UCSC, UCM)

UCSC

The Next Wave of the Internet Will Extend IP Throughout the Physical World

UCIAdvanced displaysSensor networksOrganic/polymer

electronics;Biochips

Magnetic, optical data storage

Microwave amplifiers, receivers

High-speed optical switchesNanophotonic components

Spintronics/quantum encryption

Ultralow powerelectronics

Nonvolatile data storage

Smart chemical, biological, motion, positionsensors

telemedicine

environmental,climate, transportationmonitoring systems

optical network infrastructure

wireless network infrastructure

Microwave amplifiers, receivers

BiochipsBiosensorsHigh-densitydata storage

UCIAdvanced displaysSensor networksOrganic/polymer

electronics;Biochips

Magnetic, optical data storage

Microwave amplifiers, receivers

High-speed optical switchesNanophotonic components

Spintronics/quantum encryption

Ultralow powerelectronics

Nonvolatile data storage

Smart chemical, biological, motion, positionsensors

telemedicine

environmental,climate, transportationmonitoring systems

optical network infrastructure

wireless network infrastructure

Microwave amplifiers, receivers

BiochipsBiosensorsHigh-densitydata storage

Materials and Devices Team, UCSD

This is the Research Context for the California Institute for Telecommunications

and Information Technology

The Institute is Built on Existing UCSD/UCI Faculty Strengths

Broadband Wireless

LOW-POWEREDCIRCUITRY

ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION

COMMUNICATIONTHEORY

COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS

MULTIMEDIAAPPLICATIONS

RFMixed A/D

ASICMaterials

Smart AntennasAdaptive Arrays

ModulationChannel CodingMultiple Access

Compression

ArchitectureMedia Access

SchedulingEnd-to-End QoS

Hand-Off

ChangingEnvironment

ProtocolsMulti-Resolution

Center for Wireless Communications

Source: UCSD CWC

San Diego Supercomputer Center Cal(IT)2 Research & Infrastructure Partner

• Areas of Strength & Leadership for Initial Interactions between Cal(IT)2 and

Phil Papadopoulos, Frank Dwyer, Ronn Ritke, kc claffy, Hans-Werner Braun

Networking and Wireless

Peter Arzberger, Anke Kamrath, Phil Papadopoulos, Chaitan Baru, Alison Withey

Management

John Wooley, Phil Bourne, Shankar Subramaniam, Mark Ellisman, Mike Gribskov, Kim Baldridge

Bioinformatics/Digitally Enabled Med./ Comp. Chemistry/Biology

Ann Redelfs, Kim Baldridge, Theresa BoisseauEducation/Outreach

Tom PerrineComputer Security Infrastructure

Mike Vildibill, Frank Dwyer, Phil Andrews, Phil P.Core IT Infrastructure and Integration

Jay Boisseau, Mary Thomas, Allan SnavelyComputing and Portals

Mike Bailey, John MorelandVisualization/GIS/Augmented Reality

Alison WitheyEnviroinformatics/Observing Systems

Chaitan Baru, Reagan Moore, Tony FountainData Mining/Metadata/AI

Phil PapadopoulosClusters

Complex Problems Require a New Research and Education Framework

www.calit2.net

220 UCSD & UCI FacultyWorking in Multidisciplinary Teams

With Students, Industry, and the Community

The State Provides $100 M For New Buildings and Equipment

The UCSD Cal-(IT)2 BuildingPreliminary Design

• New Media Arts Spaces– Research Lab– Visualization Labs– Audiovisual Editing Facilities– Gallery Space– Helping Design Auditorium

Occupancy 2004220,000 Gross SF

A Broad Partnership Response from the Private Sector

Akamai Boeing

BroadcomAMCC CAIMISCompaq

Conexant Copper Mountain

EmulexEnterprise Partners VC

EntropiaEricsson

Global PhotonIBM

IdeaEdge VenturesIntersil

Irvine SensorsLeap Wireless

Litton IndustriesMedExpert

Merck Microsoft

Mission VenturesNCR

Newport CorporationOrincon

Panoram Technologies Printronix

QUALCOMMQuantum

R.W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RISAIC

SciFrameSeagate Storage

Silicon Wave Sony

STMicroelectronicsSun Microsystems

TeraBurst Networks Texas InstrumentsUCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund

WebEx

ComputersCommunications

SoftwareSensors

BiomedicalStartups

Venture Firms

Large Partners>$10M Over 4 Years

$140 M Match From Industry

Elements of the Cal -(IT)2 Industrial Partnerships

• Endowed Chairs for Professors

• Start-Up Support for Young Faculty

• Graduate Student Fellowships

• Research and Academic Professionals

• Sponsored Research Programs

• Equipment Donations for Cal-(IT)2 and Campus

• Named Laboratories in new Institute Buildings

• Pro Bono Services and Software

The Southern High Tech CoastIs Well Organized for Partnering

• From Bandwidth Bay to Wireless Valley– 70,000 Fiber Strand-Miles Under Downtown SD– Nation’s Center for Wireless Companies

• San Diego Telecom Council – www.sdtelecomcouncil.org – 200 Member Companies– SIGs on Optical, Wireless, Satellite, etc.

• UCSD CONNECT – www.connect.org – UCSD Program in Technology and Entrepreneurship

• Many Others– BIOCOM – Mayor’s Science and Technology Commission– UCI Chief Executive Roundtable– …

Near Term Goal:Build an International Lambda Grid

• Establish PACI High Performance Network– SDSC to NCSA to PSC LambdaNet

• Link to:– State Dark Fiber

– Metropolitan Optical Switched Networks

– Campus Optical Grids

– International Optical Research Networks

• NSF Fund Missing Dark Fiber Links For:– Scientific Applications

– Network Research

Nanotechnology Is Becoming Essential for Photonics

Nanoscale-engineered electro-optic couplers and modulators

Nanoscale form-birefringent element

Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL)

Fiber tip

Grating coupler

optical fiber

network

Nanoscale-engineered electro-optic couplers and modulators

Nanoscale form-birefringent element

Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL)

Fiber tip

Grating coupler

optical fiber

network

Source: UCSD Ultrafast and Nanoscale Optics Group,

Shaya Fainman

½ Mile

•Commodity Internet, Internet2•Link UCSD and UCI

• Campus Wireless

The UCSD “Living Grid Laboratory”—Fiber, Wireless, Compute, Data, Software

SIO

SDSC

CS

ChemMed

Eng. / Cal-(IT)2

Hosp

• High-speed optical core

Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC

Broadband Wireless Internet is Here Today

• Create Wireless Internet “Watering Holes”– Ad Hoc IEEE 802.11 Domains

– Real Broadband--11 mbps Going to 54 mbps

– Home, Neighborhoods, Office– MobileStar--Admiral Clubs, Major Hotels, Restaurants, …– UCSD—Key Campus Buildings, Dorms, Coffee Shops…

• Upsides– Ease of Use– Unlicensed so Anyone can Be a Wireless ISP– Will Accelerate Innovation—”Living in the Future”

• Downsides– Not Secure– Shared Bandwidth– Short Range Coverage

“The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed”William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer

Web Interface to Grid ComputingThe NPACI GridPort Architecture

802.11b Wireless

Interactive Access to:• State of Computer• Job Status• Application Codes

Cal -(IT)2 Researchers Will Focus on Semiconductor “System Chips”

• Two Trends:– Increasing Use of “Embedded Intelligence”– Networking of Embedded Intelligence

• In Ten Years: – The Big: eg., Terabit Optical Core, Gigabit Wireless, ...– The Small: eg., Pervasive Self-powered Sensor “Motes”– The Cheap: eg., One-Cent Radios

– Short-range (10-100m), Low Power (10nJ/bit), Low Bit Rate (1-100kbps)

• The Consequence:– Smart Spaces, Intelligent Interfaces, Ad Hoc Networks

Source: Rajesh Gupta, UCI Center for Embedded Computer Systems

Goal: Design of Configurable Wireless Embedded Sensing/Computing/Communicating Appliances

ProtocolStacks

SoC DesignMethodologies

Sw/Silicon/MEMSImplementation

Memory

Protocol Processors

ProcessorsProcessors DSP

RFRFReconf.Logic

WirelessRTOS Network

Physical

Data Link

TransportApplications

sensors

ProtocolsSw/Hw/Sensor/RF

Co-design Reconfiguration

Internet

Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE

The Wireless Internet will Transform Computational Science and Engineering

• Teraflop Supercomputers Simulate in Dynamic 3D• Evolving a System Requires Knowing the Initial State• Add Wireless Sensors and Embedded Processors

– Give Detailed State Information– Allows for Comparison of Simulation with Reality

• Critical Software Research Required – Security– Robust Scalable Middleware– Effervescent Architectures– Mobile Code– Resource Discovery– Ad Hoc Networking– SensorNet Simulations

The High PerformanceWireless Research and Education Network

NSF FundedPI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC

Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO45mbps Duplex Backbone

http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN

Wireless Antennas Anchor Network High Speed Backbone

http://hpwren.ucsd.edu/Presentations/HPWREN

Source: Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC

The Wireless Internet Adds Bio-Chemical-Physical Sensors to the Grid

• From Experiments to Wireless Infrastructure

• Scripps Institution of Oceanography

• San Diego Supercomputer Center

• Cal-(IT)2

• Building on Pioneering Work of Hans-Werner Braun & Frank Vernon

Source: John Orcutt, SIO

The Wireless Internet Will Improve the Safety of California’s 25,000 Bridges

New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links

Cal-(IT)2 WillDevelop and Install

Wireless Sensor ArraysLinked to

Crisis Management Control Rooms

Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.

Can Use of These Technologies Help Us Avoid the Downsides of Prolonged Growth?

• Add Wireless Sensor Array

• Build GIS Data• Focus on:

– Pollution– Water Cycle– Earthquakes– Bridges– Traffic– Policy

• Work with the Community to Adapt to Growth

HuntingtonBeach

Mission Bay

San Diego Bay

UCSD

UCI

High Tech Coast

High Resolution Data Analysis FacilityLinked by Optical Networks to PACI TeraGrid

Planned for Fall 2001 at SIOSupport from SDSC and SDSU

Panoram Technologies, SGI, Sun, TeraBurst Networks,

Cox Communications, Global PhotonInstitute Industrial Partners

From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid International Video Meetings

Access Grid Lead-ArgonneNSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab

Creating a Virtual Global Research Lab

Bridging Internet Data Collection and Theoretical Scaling Analysis

• Network Graph Theory– Sparse– Clustered– Hierarchical– Power Laws

• Goal– IT First Principles– Quantitative Laws– Verify Against Reality– Use for Optimal Design

100,000 nodes Colored by Node IP AddressBill Cheswick, Lucent Bell Labs and Hal Burch, CMU

www.caida.org/projects/internetatlas/gallery/

Fan Chung Graham, UCSD

Possible Multiple Qubit Quantum Computer

• SEM picture of posts fabricated at the Cornell Nanofabrication Facility

– PI John Goodkind (UCSD Physics) & Roberto Panepucci of the CNF

• Electrons Floating over Liquid He

• One Electron per Gold Post

500 nm

ground plane

voltage leads

insulator

insulator

NSF ITR PROGRAM CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY/UCSD/MICHIGAN STATE

Wireless “Pad” Web Interface

The Institute Facilitates Faculty Teams to Compete for Large Federal Grants

Deep Web

Surface Web

Proposal-Form a National Scale Testbed for Federating Multi-scale Brain Databases

Using NIH High Field NMR Centers

Source: Mark Ellisman, UCSD

DukeUCLA

Cal Tech

StanfordU. Of MN

Harvard

NCRR Imaging and Computing Resources UCSD

Cal-(IT)2SDSC

Why Not Constantly Compute on Federated Repositories?

• Currently– Instrument Coordinates

– Virtual Human NLM Project

– Transformations to Organ Coordinates– Surgical View of Body– Define Differences in Organs– Eg. UCLA Human Brain Mapping

Project—Art Toga

– Fly Through Organs– Virtual Colonoscopy (

www.vitalimaging.com)

• Future– Train AI Software on

– Millions of Human Image DataSets– Define Distribution Functions– Thresholds for Medical Attention

– Life Cycle of Single Individuals– Automatic Early Warnings

As Our Bodies Move On-LineBioengineering and Bioinformatics Merge

• New Sensors—Israeli Video Pill– Battery, Light, & Video Camera– Images Stored on Hip Device

• Next Step—Putting You On-Line!– Key Metabolic and Physical Variables– Wireless Internet Transmission– Model -- Dozens of 25 Processors and 60

Sensors / Actuators Inside of our Cars

• Post-Genomic Individualized Medicine– Combine Your Genetic Code & Imaging,

with Your Body’s Data Flow – Use Powerful AI Data Mining Techniques

www.givenimaging.com

What Data is Needed to Specify a Single Eukaryotic Cell?

• Organelles– 4 Million Ribosomes– 30,000 Proteasomes– Dozens of Mitochondria

• Macromolecules– 5 Billion Proteins

– 5,000 to 10,000 different species

– 1 meter of DNA with Several Billion bases

– 60 Million tRNAs– 700,000 mRNAs

• Chemical Pathways– Vast numbers– Tightly coupled

• Is a Virtual Cell Possible?

www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/cell1.html

Cellular Signaling Pathway Database, Analysis Tools and User Interface

Shankar Subramaniam, UCSD, Director, Data Coordination & Bioinformatics Lab,

Alliance for Cell Signaling

M o tifL ib r a r ie s

S equenceA n n o ta t io nI n te r a c t io n s

Q u e r y T o o ls A n a ly s is T o o ls

D a ta b a s e T e m p o r a r yS to r a g e

D a ta S tr u c tu r e

E d it in gT o o l

C o m p a r is o nT o o l

P a th w a yG U I

L e g a c yP a th w a y s

S ig n a lin gN e tw o r k s

D a ta S to r e B u lle t inB o a r d

A n n o ta t io n sS y s te m

O th e rA n a ly s is

T o o ls

S ig n a lin gP a th w a y s

O r g a n is m

E x p r e s s io nP r o f ile s

P r o te o m ic sP r o f ile s

I n te r a c t io nP r o f ile s

C e ll & T is s u eS p e c if ic it y

M o le c u la rD is e a s e s

G e n e s(P r o te in s )

I n te r a c t io nM o d u le s

Alliance for Cell SignalingPI: Alfred Gilman, UT-SW MEDUCSF, Caltech, Stanford, UCSD

NIH and Industrial Funding

Monte Carlo Cellular Microphysiology From IBM Blue Horizon to the Grid

• PROJECT LEADERS– Francine D. Berman

– UC San Diego– Terrence J. Sejnowski

– Salk Institute for Biological Studies

• PARTICIPANTS– Dorian Arnold

Jack DongarraRichard Wolski

– University of Tennessee

– Thomas M. BartolLin-Wei Wu

– Salk Institute for Biological Studies

– Henri CasanovaMark H. EllismanMaryann Martone

– UC San Diego

Neurotransmitter Activity Leading to Muscle Contraction

• MCell Simulated: • The Transmission of 6,000 Molecules of the Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine (Cyan Specks) • In a Reconstructed Mouse Sternomastoid Neuromuscular Junction • Containing Acetylcholinesterase (White Spheres).

Rendered by Tom Bartol of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies & Joel Stiles of Cornell University

using Pixar PhotoRealistic RenderMan

www.npaci.edu/envision/v16.4/mcell.html

The Institute Will Focus on the Use of Highly Parallel and Distributed Systems

• PACI Distributed Terascale Linux Clusters– Multi-Teraflop– Thousands of Processors

• High Performance Grids– Lambda Connected– Heterogeneous Compute and Storage

• DoE Labs– Highest End Machines– Experimental Architectures (Blue Light)

• Peer-to-Peer Computing– Millions of Processors– NT/Intel Homogenous PCs

The Drive toward Commodity Processorsin Parallel Computing100x Processors

RISC Processors

Cray X-MP TMC CM-5 IBM SP

Intel Processors

ASCI Red Internet ComputingPC Clusters

100x Processors?

Changes in Architecture Induce Changes in Algorithms

Entropia’s Planetary Computer Grew to a Teraflop in Only Two Years

Deployed in Over 80 Countries

The Great Mersenne Prime (2P-1) Search (GIMPS)Found the First Million Digit Prime

www.entropia.comEight 1000p IBM Blue Horizons

SETI@home Demonstrated that PC Internet Computing Could Grow to Megacomputers

• Running on 500,000 PCs, ~1000 CPU Years per Day– Over Half a Million CPU Years so far!– 22 Teraflops sustained 24x7

• Sophisticated Data & Signal Processing Analysis• Distributes Datasets from Arecibo Radio Telescope

Next Step-Allen Telescope Array

AreciboRadio Telescope

Extending the Grid to Planetary Dimensions Using Distributed Computing and Storage

AutoDock Application Software Has Been Downloaded to Over 20,000 PCsNearly 3 Million CPU-Hours Computed

In SilicoDrug Design

Art Olson, TSRI

From Software as Engineering to Software as Biology

• Stanford Professor John Koza• Uses Genetic Programming to Create a Working Computer Program From a

High-Level Problem Statement of a Problem• Starting With a Primordial Ooze of Thousands of Randomly Created

Computer Programs, a Population of Programs Is Progressively Evolved Over a Series of Generations

• Has Produced 21 Human-Competitive Results

1,000-Pentium Beowulf-Style Cluster Computer for Genetic Programming

www.genetic-programming.com/

A Mobile Internet Powered by a Planetary Scale Computer