Operation manual, Process Bus I/O System SAM600 version 1 · SAM600-TS Wiring Diagram 1KHL511910...

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Grid Automation Products

SAM600 Process Bus I/O System Operation Manual

Document ID: 1MRK 511 429-UEN Issued: June 2016

Revision: - Product version: 1.1

© Copyright 2016 ABB. All rights reserved

Copyright

This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written

permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third

party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose.

The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license

and may be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.

Trademarks

ABB and SAM600 are registered trademarks of the ABB Group. All other brand or

product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered

trademarks of their respective holders.

Open Source License Acknowledgements

This product incorporates open source software components covered by the terms

of third party copyright notices and license agreements. For more information,

refer to 1MRK 511 428-BEN SAM600 Product Guide.

Warranty

Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ABB representative.

Disclaimer

The data, examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept

or product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed

properties. All persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this

manual must satisfy themselves that each intended application is suitable and

acceptable, including that any applicable safety or other operational requirements

are complied with. In particular, any risks in applications where a system failure

and /or product failure would create a risk for harm to property or persons

(including but not limited to personal injuries or death) shall be the sole

responsibility of the person or entity applying the equipment, and those so

responsible are hereby requested to ensure that all measures are taken to exclude or

mitigate such risks.

This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be

completely ruled out. In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested

to notify the manufacturer. Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in

no event shall ABB be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from

the use of this manual or the application of the equipment.

Conformity

This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European

Communities on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to

electromagnetic compatibility (EMC directive 2014/30/EU) and concerning

electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive

2014/35/EU). This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in

accordance with the product standard EN 60255-26 for the EMC directive, and

with the product standard EN 60255-27 for the low voltage directive. The product

is designed in accordance with the international standards of the IEC 60255 series.

Safety Information

Observe the following safety instructions when using the product.

Before first usage, read the product documentation in order to

ensure safe and reliable operation of SAM600 products.

Dangerous voltages can occur on the connectors, even though

auxiliary voltages are disconnected.

Each SAM600 product must be safely connected to ground using

the ground strap.

Only a competent electrician is allowed to carry out the electrical

installation.

Always follow national and local electrical safety regulations.

Non-observance of the safety information can result in death,

personal injury or substantial property damage.

Whenever changes in parameter settings are applied to SAM600

modules, take measures to avoid inadvertent tripping or malfunction

of connected protection and control devices.

Table of contents

SAM600 Process Bus I/O System 1

Operation Manual

Table of contents

Section 1 Introduction ................................................................ 3

1.1 This manual ...................................................................................... 3

1.2 Intended audience ............................................................................ 3

1.3 Related documents ........................................................................... 3

1.4 Symbols and conventions ................................................................. 4

1.4.1 Symbols .......................................................................................... 4

1.4.2 Document conventions ................................................................... 4

Section 2 SAM600 Process Bus I/O System ................................ 5

2.1 System overview ............................................................................... 5

2.1.1 SAM600 common design features .................................................. 5

2.1.2 SAM600-CT for conventional current measurements ...................... 7

2.1.3 SAM600-VT for conventional voltage measurements ...................... 8

2.1.4 SAM600-TS for time synchronization and IEC 61850 gateway ....... 9

2.1.5 System functionality ..................................................................... 10

2.2 Installing SAM600 ........................................................................... 13

2.3 Functional description ..................................................................... 15

2.3.1 Distributed analog sampling .......................................................... 15

2.3.2 Communication ports and available services................................. 15

2.3.3 Bridging of sampled values streams ............................................. 16

2.3.4 Quality information in sampled values streams .............................. 17

2.3.5 Merging and bridging of SV streams in a SAM600 system ............ 18

2.3.6 Simulation of sampled values ........................................................ 20

2.3.7 Digital inputs ................................................................................. 20

2.3.8 Configuration of time synchronization ........................................... 22

2.3.9 SAM600 module and system supervision ..................................... 27

2.3.10 System error announcement ......................................................... 28

2.3.11 SAM600 system configuration mismatch ...................................... 29

Section 3 PCM600 Tool ............................................................ 31

3.1 Connectivity packages .................................................................... 31

Section 4 Commissioning SAM600 ........................................... 33

4.1 Safety instructions........................................................................... 33

Table of contents

2 SAM600 Process Bus I/O System

Operation Manual

4.2 Unpacking ..................................................................................... 33

4.3 Mounting and earthing connection ................................................. 33

4.4 Electrical wiring .............................................................................. 33

4.5 Communication wiring ................................................................... 34

4.6 Verifying electrical and communication connections ....................... 37

4.7 Storing, mounting and disposal ...................................................... 39

Section 5 SAM600 System Startup ........................................... 41

5.1 Start-up behavior ........................................................................... 41

Section 6 Diagnostics and Maintenance .................................... 43

6.1 Maintenance instructions ............................................................... 43

Section 7 Technical Data .......................................................... 45

7.1 Module dimensions and mounting distances ................................. 45

7.2 Labels, connectors and indications of SAM600 modules ............... 46

7.2.1 SAM600 module identification ..................................................... 46

7.2.2 Connector diagrams .................................................................... 47

7.2.3 LED indications for all SAM600 modules ...................................... 54

7.2.4 Watchdog functionality (SAM600-TS only) ................................... 56

Appendix A System Log Events.................................................... 57

Appendix B Glossary ................................................................... 61

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Section 1 Introduction


Operation Manual

Section 1 Introduction

1.1 This manual

The SAM600 operation manual provides information about the usage of a

SAM600. The manual contains instructions on how to configure, install and

commission a SAM600 system and on how to operate the system once it has been

commissioned.

1.2 Intended audience

This manual addresses engineers and operators who configure, install, commission

and operate a SAM600 system. The user must be trained in and have a basic

knowledge of how to operate substation automation secondary system equipment.

The manual contains terms and expressions commonly used to describe this kind of

equipment.

1.3 Related documents

The following product documentation is available for the SAM600.

Table 1: SAM600 product documentation

SAM600 Product documentation Document numbers

SAM600 Product Guide 1MRK 511 428-BEN

SAM600 Engineering Manual 1MRK 511 431-UEN

SAM600 Operation Manual 1MRK 511 429-UEN

SAM600 Cyber Security Deployment Guideline 1MRK 511 430-UEN

SAM600 Accessory List 1MRK 511 432-UEN

SAM600 Safety Leaflet 1KHL511872-UEN

SAM600-TS Wiring Diagram 1KHL511910

SAM600-VT Wiring Diagram 1KHL511911

SAM600-CT Wiring Diagram 1KHL511912

Section 1 1MRK 511 429-UEN - Introduction


Operation Manual

1.4 Symbols and conventions

1.4.1 Symbols

The electrical warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which

could result in electrical shock.

The warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could

result in personal injury.

The caution icon indicates important information or warning related

to the concept discussed in the text. It might indicate the presence of

a hazard which could result in corruption of software or damage to

equipment or property.

The information icon alerts the reader of important facts and

conditions.

The tip icon indicates advice on, for example, how to design your

project or how to use a certain function.

Although warning hazards are related to personal injury, it is necessary to

understand that under certain operational conditions the operation of damaged

equipment may result in degraded process performance leading to personal injury

or death. Therefore, it is recommended to comply fully with all warning and

caution notices.

1.4.2 Document conventions

A particular convention may not be used in this manual.

Abbreviations and acronyms in this manual are spelled out in the glossary. The

glossary also contains definitions of important terms.

HMI menu paths are presented in bold. For example, select Main menu or

Settings.

Parameter names are shown in italics. For example, the function can be

enabled and disabled with the Operation setting.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Section 2 SAM600 Process Bus I/O System


Operation Manual

Section 2 SAM600 Process Bus I/O System

2.1 System overview

SAM600 process bus I/O system is a modular, extensible, and customizable

product solution that converts signals from the primary analog process to its digital

counterpart according to the IEC 61850 standard.

The product is designed for both AIS and GIS applications. It can be beneficially

applied to secondary system upgrades as well as new substation installations, thus

integrating seamlessly with modern sensor technology.

SAM600 optimally tailors to different applications, is prepared for placement in

harsh outdoor setups and can be deployed in a stepwise manner in marshalling

kiosks close to primary apparatus, or in existing secondary system protection and

control panels.

2.1.1 SAM600 common design features

Figure 1: SAM600 module

SAM600 process bus I/O system provides unique features with focus on

adaptability to different application types, easy installation and maintenance for

integration into existing secondary systems or for new installations.

Section 2 1MRK 511 429-UEN - SAM600 Process Bus I/O System


Operation Manual

A SAM600 module per primary apparatus interfaces conventional current or

voltage transformers and provides standalone merging unit (SAMU)

functionality according to the IEC 61850-9-2 standard.

DIN-rail mountable SAM600 modules with a compact form factor can be

placed close to the primary apparatus. SAM600 modules support operating

temperature ranges between -40°C to +70°C.

Each SAM600 module terminates main signals from the process (for example,

voltages and currents), as well as auxiliary signals (fuse failure and test switch

indication), thus avoiding cross-wiring and simplifying replacement and

maintenance activities.

SAM600 modules can be chained into a SAM600 system in order to scale the

specific needs of the installation in terms of analog interfaces, communication

ports, and time synchronization capabilities needed.

A SAM600 system can bridge IEC 61850-9-2 traffic by simplifying integration

with non-conventional instrument transformers.

SAM600 provides time synchronization according to IEEE 1588 (according to

profile IEC 61850-9-3) as well as 1PPS (both inputs and outputs).

.



Operation Manual

2.1.2 SAM600-CT for conventional current measurements

Figure 2: SAM600-CT module

A SAM600-CT module has four analog input measurement channels and interfaces

conventional current transformers with a 1A or 5A secondary interface (order

variant). The measurement chain is calibrated and temperature compensated.

Interposing CTs are not required and different ratios can be set as settings in

PCM600.

The neutral current as provided in the IEC 61850-9-2LE stream can either be

measured or calculated as sum of the three phase values.

A pre-assigned binary input can be directly wired to a test switch. The input signals

a test condition in the IEC 61850-9-2LE stream through a corresponding quality bit

in order to allow for blocking conditions in the IEDs receiving the data stream. The

polarity of the binary input is configurable.



Operation Manual

2.1.3 SAM600-VT for conventional voltage measurements

Figure 3: SAM600-VT module

A SAM600-VT module has four analog input measurement channels and interfaces

conventional voltage transformers with a configurable input voltage between 100V

– 125V AC (phase-phase) on the secondary interface. The measurement chain is

calibrated and temperature compensated.

The neutral voltage as provided in the IEC 61850-9-2LE stream can either be

measured or calculated as sum of the three phase values.

Binary inputs are provided to signal fuse failure and test conditions in the IEC

61850-9-2LE stream through a corresponding quality bit in order to allow for

blocking conditions in the IEDs receiving the data stream. Three inputs which can

be wired to the secondary contacts of MCBs are pre-assigned to signal a fuse

failure per phase. A fourth input is provided to signal a test condition in the stream.

The polarities of the binary inputs are configurable.



Operation Manual

2.1.4 SAM600-TS for time synchronization and IEC 61850

gateway

Figure 4: SAM600-TS module

A SAM600-TS module provides time synchronization and IEC 61850 access point

functionality. The module also has a hardware watchdog functionality.

A SAM600 system can run in a free-running mode or synchronize with IEEE 1588

(profile IEC 61850-9-3) or 1PPS signal. Conversely, SAM600 can synchronize

through SAM600-TS other merging units or IED devices through the five 1PPS

outputs available.

A SAM600-TS module includes two additional IEC 61850 access points which can

receive and publish IEC 61850-9-2LE streams from and to the SAM600 system to

bay level protection and control devices.

A SAM600-TS module is optional in a SAM600 system.



Operation Manual

2.1.5 System functionality

Scalable SAM600 system

Each SAM600 module with analog inputs (SAM600-VT and SAM600-CT) is a

self-contained SAMU and can be used in different IEC 61850 process bus

architectures. Two independent IEC 61850 access points are available in order to

publish analog measurements according to IEC 61850-9-2LE and to synchronize

the device by means of IEEE 1588 to external clocks.

A SAM600 system can be built by chaining up to 10 SAM600 modules through a

SAM600 system bus. The chained SAM600 modules act as a single SAMU with

scalable and configurable IEC 61850 access points.

Merging of IEC61850-9-2LE streams

With a SAM600 system, IEC 61850-9-2LE based streams that consists of

information provided by individual SAM600 modules can be configured and

published on all IEC 61850 access points of the SAM600 system. This allows to

adapt to various communication architectures and performance requirements of

client devices such as IEDs.

Each SAM600 module provides its measurements as IEC 61850-9-2LE compatible

stream on the SAM600 system bus. With PCM600, streams can be created with the

SV Configurator Tool and are assigned to the available IEC 61850 access points of

a SAM600 system.

Usage of electrical or optical communication ports

SAM600 modules can be placed in a single marshaling kiosk or in separate

housings in order to achieve close proximity to primary equipment (see Figure 5)

and minimize cabling to primary apparatus.

When installed in the same kiosk, a SAM600 system bus is typically realized

through 100BASE-TX ports. When installed in different compartments in the field,

the system bus through which SAM600 modules communicate with each other

must be realized by 100BASE-FX ports.



Operation Manual

Binary inputs for process supervision

Binary inputs on SAM600 modules are used for secondary system supervision. The

inputs are pre-assigned with test switch indication (SAM600-VT and SAM600-CT)

and fuse failure indication (SAM600-VT only). Information acquired through these

inputs is reflected in the quality information in the IEC 61850-9-2LE streams.

The polarity and the input level of the binary inputs are configurable.

Neutral behavior

The IEC 61850-9-2LE telegram definition contains a fourth measurement for both

currents and voltages. Depending on the primary equipment and user requirements,

SAM600 modules can be configured individually on how the fourth measurement

is acquired. Both, measurements of the primary value and summation of measured

phases are available. The quality information in the IEC 61850-9-2LE stream will

reflect the setting.

Time synchronization

Analog samples are time synchronized in order to provide the phase accuracy

required by IEC 61869-9. Synchronization of a SAM600 system with IEDs is

achieved by IEEE 1588 (profile IEC 61580-9-3) or using a SAM600-TS device

through a 1PPS signal. Internally, a SAM600 system always synchronizes using

IEEE 1588.

The following synchronization methods are supported:

Synchronization by IEEE 1588 – Any SAM600 module can synchronize

against an external IEEE 1588 master clock with an accuracy of 1µs in order to

ensure synchronous sampling.

Free-running – A SAM600 system can operate in a free-running mode with no

external time synchronization. The SAM600 system itself synchronizes

internally by means of IEEE 1588 in order to ensure synchronous sampling of

the analog data.

Synchronization by 1PPS - A pulse per second (1PPS) from an external clock

is used to synchronize a SAM600 system through SAM600-TS module with an

accuracy of 1µs in order to ensure synchronous sampling.

For details about supported time synchronization configurations, see Section 2.3.8.



Operation Manual

SAM600 configuration with PCM600

PCM600 Protection and Control IED Manager Software is used for configuring

SAM600 modules and SAM600 systems. A SAM600 Connectivity Package

provides the user with a wizard-based configuration approach for SAM600 system

setup, such as SAM600 module types and topology configuration.

IEC 61850 access points and relevant IEC 61850-9-2LE stream configurations, as

well as specific SAM600 module and system settings are configurable by the user.

PCM600 generates a SAM600 system configuration which is downloaded to a

SAM600 system by connecting to any SAM600 module through USB and then

replicated to the other SAM600 modules in the system chain. The IEC 61850

configuration of a SAM600 system can also be exported and used in IEC 61850

system engineering tools.

Watchdog

The SAM600-TS module provides watchdog functionality. The watchdog is

activated during critical system states.

Cyber security

SAM600 modules provide means for minimizing the impact of cyber security

attacks such as denial of service or network flooding. By default all unused

physical ports and services are disabled in a SAM600 system configuration.

For more information refer to 1MRK 511 430-UEN SAM600 Cyber Security

Deployment Guideline document.



Operation Manual

2.2 Installing SAM600

As depicted in Figure 5, SAM600 modules can be deployed in a variety of

scenarios which optimally suit different installation types.

SAM600 modules installed in a single marshalling kiosk in the field (Figure

5a) - All SAM600 modules are installed in a marshalling kiosk which is placed

in the field close to the primary apparatus. Cabling from the instrument

transformers is terminated at the kiosk and fiber optic is used for

communication to protection and control equipment. The kiosk requires station

battery supply for powering the SAM600 modules.

SAM600 modules installed in several marshalling kiosks (Figure 5b and Figure

5c) - SAM600 modules can be deployed in a physically distributed setup and

exchange information over fiber optic communication according to IEC 61850

standard. This deployment optimizes proximity to primary apparatus.

SAM600 modules installed in secondary system control and protection panels

(Figure 5d) - The existing copper cables from primary apparatus can be

terminated directly at SAM600 modules mounted in the station panels. This

deployment option is ideal for retrofit projects where copper cabling already

exists and is not exchanged in a retrofit project.

A SAM600-TS module is optional in a SAM600 system setup and is required

for 1PPS synchronization requirements. A SAM600 system can directly

synchronize to IEEE 1588 networks (Figure 5a, Figure 5d).



Operation Manual

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IEDCtrl

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SAM600 Process Bus

Analog voltage

Analog current

IEDProt

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1PPS

9-2LE

1PPS

Kios

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SAM600TS

9-2LE

1PPS

9-2LE

1PPS

9-2LE

1PPS

IEDCtrl

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Analog current

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SAM600CT

SAM600Process Bus

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Figure 5: Installation options of SAM600 process bus I/O system



Operation Manual

2.3 Functional description

2.3.1 Distributed analog sampling

SAM600-CT and SAM600-VT modules convert analog input values from

secondary protection or measurement cores (1A/5A – order variant, or 100V-125V

AC, settable, respectively) to a digital format transmitted over Ethernet according

to IEC 61850-9-2, following the UCA implementation guideline 2004. Inputs are

converted following the IEC 61869-9 standard for protection and operational

metering applications. The amplitude accuracy and phase displacements for the

analog input channels for both SAM600-CT and SAM600-VT are specified in the

SAM600 product guide (1MRK 511 428-BEN).

2.3.2 Communication ports and available services

SAM600-CT and SAM600-VT modules have four communication ports

(X101…X104). SAM600-TS modules have two additional communication ports

(X106 and X107). These ports are used as SAM600 system bus ports for SAM600

system internal communication or as uplink ports for external communication.

Table 2 indicates the various services available on different ports.

A combination of services can be applied to one physical port, except the SAM600

system bus communication which is exclusive.

Table 2: Available services on different ports

Service Available ports Comment

IEC 61850-9-3 X101, X102, X103, X104 Available only on one port on one edge

module of each SAM600 system

9-2 LE publisher or

subscriber

X101, X102, X103, X104,

X106, X107

Available on all ports on all modules of each

SAM600 system not used for SAM600

system bus

SAM600 system bus X101, X102, X103, X104 Available only on one port out of defined

groups. Group 1 contains X101 and X104,

Group 2 contains X102 and X103.



Operation Manual

Figure 6 shows an example configuration. The SAM600 system consists of four

SAM600 modules. Based on the configuration applied, the necessary services are

enabled on the related ports. Not configured ports are automatically closed by the

configuration.

Figure 6: Example configuration

Depending on the position of the SAM600 module in the SAM600 system, each

SAM600 module is assigned with one or two ports to the SAM600 system bus

communication. This also applies when the SAM600 system consists of only one

SAM600 module.

2.3.3 Bridging of sampled values streams

All ports in a SAM600 system can be configured for bridging incoming IEC

61850-9-2LE traffic into a SAM600 system to outgoing IEC 61850 access points in

the SAM600 system, thus acting as switching functionality for IEC 61850-9-2LE

traffic.

A SAM600 system does not influence nor manipulate any bridged

messages.

Each SAM600 module can receive a maximum of 8 bridged streams

on all its uplink ports.



Operation Manual

2.3.4 Quality information in sampled values streams

Sample quality codes

Sampled values streams contain a “Health” information according to IEC 61850 in

order to indicate the validity of the transmitted information. The quality

information contains several attributes: a general validity code (2 bit), a detail

quality code/source and a test (14 bit). SAM600 uses the quality attributes as

described in Table 3.

Table 3: Usage of IEC 61850 quality codes in SAM600

Quality attribute Used value

Validity Good (0x0000)

Invalid (0x0001)

Detail Quality Bad Reference (0x0010)

Failure (0x0040)

Inconsistent (0x0100)

Derived (0x2000)

Source Substituted (0x0400)

Test Test (0x0800)

The resulting quality of a measured quantity in an IEC 61850-9-2LE is one out of

the two possible validity values. The other quality attributes can be a combination

of the possible values.

Sample quality indications

If a SAM600 module is configured for sending unmerged sampled value streams to

its uplinks, then the sample quality of the not contained quantity is set to Invalid

(quality code 0x0001) and the sample quality of the contained quantity is set to

Good (0x0000). Detail quality values for various conditions are listed in Table 4.

Table 4: Quality indications used by SAM600 modules

Quality Set under the following conditions

Invalid | Bad Reference Startup sequence of SAM600 module or source stream of quantity for

merging not in synch

Invalid | Failure SAM600 is not set to simulation mode and (A/D converter not calibrated

or SAM600-VT fuse failure input is active )

Invalid | Inconsistent Source stream of quantity for merging not detected or sample count not

matching

Good | Substituted SAM600 is set to simulation mode

Good | Test SAM600 is not set to simulation mode and

Test switch indication is active

Good | Derived SAM600-VT neutral phase and SAM600-CT neutral phase only; if

SAM600 module is in simulation mode or neutral phase is set to

“Calculated”



Operation Manual

2.3.5 Merging and bridging of SV streams in a SAM600 system

The configuration of the SAM600 system regarding assignment of streams to ports

is performed with the SV Stream and Port Configuration tool in PCM600 (see

Section 3).

On each SAM600 module, one or two ports are reserved for SAM600 system bus

communication depending on the SAM600 module position within the SAM600

system. The other ports can be used as uplink ports.

Each SAM600 module can be configured to send a total of 10 IEC 61850-9-2LE

streams to its uplink ports. This may be any combination of merged and bridged

streams. The combination of a specific SAM600-CT and a specific SAM600-VT

source stream can be sent to multiple uplink ports in parallel, if each of the streams

has its own unique Sample Value Identifier (svID) assigned.

Each SAM600 module can receive up to 8 bridged streams. These 8 streams can be

freely distributed to all uplink ports. Forwarding on the SAM600 system bus is not

affected by this limitation as a SAM600 module is capable of forwarding any

number of IEC 61850-9-2LE streams between its SAM600 system bus ports as

long as the bandwidth limitation is not exceeded. A SAM600 module can register

up to 8 unique source streams for sending to its uplink ports. These sources can

consist of bridged streams taken in on this SAM600 module, bridged streams

received on the SAM600 system bus, sampled value stream generated by the

SAM600 module itself (SAM600-CT or SAM600-VT), or sampled value streams

received on the SAM600 system bus that were generated by SAM600 other

modules in the system.

Table 5 summarizes the stream number limits on SAM600 modules. The SV

Stream and Port Configuration tool in PCM600 enforces these limits.

Table 5: Stream configuration limits

Stream configuration Maximum quantity

Maximum forwarding between SAM600 system bus ports 90 Mbit/s

Maximum number of published 9-2LE streams 10

Maximum number of 9-2LE streams received from external publisher 8

Maximum number of unique source streams for merging and/or

passing to the uplink ports

8



Operation Manual

Figure 7 shows an example of a SAM600 SV configuration. The SAM600 system

consists of four SAM600 modules, three of them generate IEC 61850-9-2LE

streams on the SAM600 system bus. Also, the bridged streams Bridged1 and

Bridged2 are available on the SAM600 system bus. In this example, the SAM600-

TS module has registered five unique streams: the streams generated by SAM600-

CT (1), SAM600-CT (2) and SAM600-VT; as well as the bridged streams

Bridged1 and Bridged2. It sends five streams to its uplink ports and receives one

stream (Bridged1) from an external 9-2LE publisher.

Figure 7: Example SAM600 SV configuration



Operation Manual

2.3.6 Simulation of sampled values

SAM600-VT and SAM600-CT modules support a simulation mode.

An individual SAM600 module or all SAM600-VT and SAM600-CT modules of a

SAM600 system can be set to simulation mode by selecting the SAM600

Command Simulation Mode in the PCM600 navigation tree on the appropriate

level.

The simulation mode is not persistent and will revert back to its

default value (Simulation Mode off) upon the next restart of a

SAM600 module.

The simulated values with the quality information Substituted will

be processed as valid values by any 61850-9-2 subscriber. This has

to be considered for systems in operation.

Sine waves with nominal values and frequency will substitute the measured values.

The frequency of the generated sine wave is according to the configuration

parameter Power system frequency.

The resulting sine wave nominal amplitude is scaled according to the configuration

parameter Transducer value on primary. Phase A has a zero-crossing at the full

second.

Simulated values are merged according to the same rules as measured values (see

conditions in Table 4). The values are provided on the IEC61850 access points.

The detail quality information of the samples in the IEC 61850-9-2LE stream for

simulated data is set to Substituted (see Table 4).

2.3.7 Digital inputs

SAM600 modules have four digital input channels. These digital inputs have pre-

assigned process supervision functionality as described in Table 6.

Table 6: Application usage of digital input channels

SAM600

module type

Digital input 1 Digital input 2 Digital input 3 Digital input 4

SAM600-CT Test switch activation

level

Not used Not used Not used

SAM600-VT Test switch activation

level

Fuse failure phase

A indication

Fuse failure phase

B indication

Fuse failure phase

C indication

SAM600-TS Not used Not used Not used Not used

The voltage level of the high potential (channel is active) for all channels can be set

to different values (24V, 48V, 110V, 125V DC). The voltage level of the low

potential (channel is off) is 0V.



Operation Manual

The voltage level can be set as a configuration parameter on SAM600 system level

and on the individual SAM600 modules Digital inputs rated voltage in the

PCM600 Parameter Setting Tool.

The high potential is detected after exceeding 80% of the selected voltage level.

The low potential is detected after falling below 20% of the selected voltage level.

Configuration parameters Test switch activation level (SAM600-CT and SAM600-

VT) and Fuse failure activation level (SAM600-VT only) can configure the

polarity for the fuse failure and the test switch indication inputs. Besides the

selection of the polarity (active on high potential, active on low potential) with

which test switch and fuse failure are detected as active, the input detection can

also be disabled by selecting the parameter value Input disabled. In this case, the

SAM600 module does not report any indication irrespective of the potential

detected on its digital inputs.

The default value for the Test switch activation level is High potential. The default

value for the Fuse failure activation level is Low potential.

The polarity can be configured on SAM600 system level and on the individual

SAM600 modules in the PCM600 Parameter Setting Tool.

If the digital inputs are not disabled, then their status can influence the quality

information of the related samples in the IEC 61850-9-2LE stream (see Section

2.3.6).



Operation Manual

2.3.8 Configuration of time synchronization

Time synchronization options

The time synchronization methods of a SAM600 system are:

Synchronization by IEEE 1588 (IEC 61850-90-3 profile)

Free-running

Synchronization by 1PPS

The sample synchronization field (SmpSync) of the generated SV streams depends

on the configured synchronization method and the current state of the system.

The SAM600 modules of a system are synchronized to each other

always according to IEC 61850-9-3, which is a profile of IEEE

1588 v2 (PTP). One of the SAM600 modules is PTP Master and all

others are PTP slaves, or all of the modules in the system are PTP

slaves to an external PTP Master depending on the configured

synchronization method.

IEC 61850-9-3 (PTP)

A SAM600 system can be synchronized to an external time master via PTP by

configuring the IEC 61850-9-3 (PTP) time synchronization method.

IEC 61850-9-3 time synchronization method has two modes:

GrandMaster clock with GPS

Master clock

In the setting GrandMaster clock with GPS, a SAM600 system expects to receive

IEC 61850-9-3 from a time master that has GPS connection. Unavailability of a

time master with GPS connection will be indicated by SmpSync field of sampled

value streams provided. An example for a GPS synchronized SAM600 system is

shown in Figure 8.

The 1PPS output from SAM600-TS module can be used for synchronizing client

devices such as IEDs that are not directly synchronized by IEE 1588.



Operation Manual

Use the GrandMaster clock with GPS setup if absolute time

synchronization is necessary, or if a SAM600 system needs to be in-

sync with another sample value sources.

GPSGM Clock

Time Master

SAM600VT

SAM600CT

SAM600TS

IED IED IED

1PPS1PPS

IEEE 1588

Figure 8: SAM600 system synchronized to GPS time master via IEC 61850-9-3

In Master clock configuration, a SAM600 system synchronizes freely to the best

time master available (selected according to the IEE 1588 best master clock

algorithm). SmpSync field of sampled value streams indicate the unavailability of a

PTP time master connection. An example of this configuration is shown in Figure

9.

The 1PPS output from SAM600-TS module can be used for synchronizing client

devices such as IEDs that are not directly synchronized by IEE 1588.

Use the Master clock setup when the SAM600 system need to be in-

sync with another sample value source but no absolute time

synchronization is required.

In this configuration, different sample value sources which are

synchronized to different time masters and different time domains

can cause error condition for the system setup. If sampled value

streams from different sources must be in synch then it is

recommended to use GrandMaster clock with GPS method,

whenever possible.



Operation Manual

SAM600VT

SAM600CT

SAM600TS

IEDTime Master

IED IED

1PPS1PPS

SAM600VT

SAM600CT

SAM600TS

IEEE 1588

Figure 9: Any Master Clock capable device is the Time Master of the whole PTP

system via “IEC 61850-9-3 (PTP) -Master clock

If IEC 61850-9-3 (PTP) option is selected, all the devices that

interconnect the time master with the PTP slaves must support the

PTP standard (i.e transparent or boundary clocks). Therefore, in IEC

61850-9-3 (PTP) mode, switches that are used for interconnections

must support the corresponding IEEE 1588 v2 features according to

IEC 61850-9-3.

Free-running

Local Synchronization is the default time synchronization method of a SAM600

system. Based on the IEE 1588 best master clock algorithm one SAM600 module

will take the role for the time master of the SAM600 system. A locally

synchronized SAM600 system in which a SAM600-TS module takes the role of the

time master is shown in Figure 10. The SAM600 system is free running and not

externally synchronized.

Prefer this time synchronization option if there is no absolute time

synchronization necessary or the SAM600 system does not need to

be in-sync with another sample value sources.

Sampled value streams which are not synchronized provided by the

same SAM600 system (during start-up or error condition) will be

indicated by SmpSync field of sampled value streams provided.



Operation Manual

SAM600VT

SAM600CT

SAM600TS

Time Master

IED IED IED

1PPS1PPS

1PPS

Figure 10: SAM600 IO System synchronized to a SAM600 module

Pulse per second (1PPS) synchronization

A SAM600 system can be configured to require a 1PPS input as synchronization

source. SmpSync field of sampled value streams indicate the unavailability of a

1PPS signal on SAM600-TS PPS input. An example of this configuration is shown

in Figure 11.

1PPS

SAM600VT

SAM600CT

SAM600TS

IED

1PPS

GM Clock

Figure 11: SAM600 IO System synchronized to a 1PPS source

The 1PPS input of SAM600-TS modules is activated only in this

configuration.

A loss of 1PPS synchronization source will block the 1PPS outputs

of the SAM600-TS modules.



Operation Manual

Handling of sample synchronization in a SAM600 system

The SmpSync field denotes the synchronization status of the sampled value stream.

According to IEC 61850 the possible values of SmpSync are:

0 – sampled value stream is not synchronized by an external clock signal

1 – sampled value streams is synchronized by a clock signal from an

unspecified local area clock

2 – sampled value stream is synchronized by a global area clock signal (time

traceable, GPS)

The sample synchronization value of a sampled value stream that is provided by a

SAM600 system depends on the configured time synchronization method and the

current synchronization status of the SAM600 system. Table 7 presents the

corresponding sampled value stream synchronization options.

Table 7: Sample synchronization value based on the SAM600’s configuration and

state

Time synchronization configuration Sample synchronization value (SmpSync)

Health state Fault state

IEC 61850-9-3 (PTP) (GPS) (2) (0)

IEC 61850-9-3 (PTP) (no GPS required) (2) or (1) 1 (1) or (0) 2

Free running (1) (0)

Synchronization by 1PPS (2) (0)

1The SmpSync value depends on the quality of the current time master. If it has a

GPS reception then SmpSync will be (2). Otherwise, it will be (1).

2 The SmpSync value depends on the location where the time synchronization fault

occurred. A time synchronization error within a SAM600 system will result in

sample synchronization as (0), as shown in Table 7. However, a time

synchronization error outside of the SAM600 will not be detected. Therefore, the

Sample synchronization value will be (1).

IEC 61850-9-3 (PTP) - No GPS required is an advanced

configuration. If IEDs compare sampled value streams that originate

from different SAM600 systems it is recommended to use

GrandMaster clock with GPS setting whenever possible. The other

alternative is to synchronize the different SAM600 systems from the

same PPS source.



Operation Manual

2.3.9 SAM600 module and system supervision

Each SAM600 module regularly checks various aspects of its health status. If an

issue is detected, a log entry is recorded (see Appendix A). Certain issues are also

indicated by the HMI (see Section 7.2.3).

Board temperature: The board temperature of the SAM600 modules is

supervised. In case a board temperature of 80°C or above is detected, a high-

temperature alarm is reported. If the SAM600 module detects board temperature

below 80°C, the SAM600 module returns back to normal operating state.

High-resolution A/D saturation: If the SAM600 module’s high-resolution A/D

converter is in saturation, a hardware error warning is reported.

Digital input voltage detection: If the SAM600 module fails to detect the input

voltage on its digital input channels, it reports a hardware error.

Sample synchronization status: If the expected synchronization is not achieved

(e.g. Grandmaster clock with GPS configured and no time master with GPS

connection available), the SAM600 module reports a mismatch in its

synchronization state.

Input stream missing: If the SAM600 module does not detect a stream which the

module is configured to receive on the SAM600 system bus, a stream missing

condition is reported.

Link state of network interfaces: The link state (link up/link down) of all

network ports is constantly monitored. The detected link state is reflected in a

corresponding status LED (see Section 7.2.3). Upon detecting a change in the link

state of a port a log entry is recorded.

IEEE 1588 time synchronization on network interface: Each SAM600 module

constantly monitors the exchange of IEEE 1588 time synchronization messages

with its device neighbors on the SAM600 system bus and also, if configured, on its

uplink port. If a message loss is detected, the SAM600 module reports this

condition as Peer Delay Error and records a log accordingly.

Mismatch of neighboring SAM600 module: Each SAM600 module constantly

monitors the communication with its device neighbors on the SAM600 system bus.

In each of the following situations the SAM600 module reports a topology error:

No neighbor is detected on a SAM600 system bus port that should connect to a

neighboring SAM600 module.

A neighboring SAM600 module is detected, but its SAM600 module identifier

or type is not matching with the system configuration.



Operation Manual

A neighboring SAM600 module is detected on a port, but according to the

system configuration no SAM600 module should be connected.

A topology error is indicated by steady light on the HMI (see Section 7.2.3). In

addition, a log is recorded.

2.3.10 System error announcement

A SAM600 module that detects an IEEE 1588 time synchronization loss (peer

delay error) or topology error announces this condition to the whole SAM600

system. All modules in the SAM600 system will react to an error condition (locally

detected or announced by another module):

If a topology error is announced, the SAM600 module will set the red LED to

steady ON.

If a topology error is announced and the SAM600 module’s time

synchronization mode is Local, the sample synchronization field value of all

sampled value streams (except bridged streams) on all uplink ports of the

SAM600 module is set to (0).

If a topology error or peer delay error is announced and the SAM600 module’s

time synchronization mode is Master Clock and the SAM600 module is

currently not synchronized to an absolute time source, then the sample

synchronization field value of all sampled value streams (except bridged

streams) on all uplink ports of the SAM600 module is set to (0).

If the sample synchronization field value is set to (0) due to either of the above

conditions, then the SAM600-TS module disables all of its PPS output

connectors.

All SAM600 modules in the SAM600 system return to their normal behavior when

the error condition is cleared on the announcing SAM600 module.



Operation Manual

2.3.11 SAM600 system configuration mismatch

When configuring a SAM600 system, PCM600 verifies that the configured

SAM600 module chain matches the detected physical SAM600 module chain. The

equivalency check requires that the SAM600 module type and SAM600 module

identifier match at each position in the SAM600 module chain and each SAM600

module is connected to its neighboring SAM600 modules by the same ports as

defined in the configuration.

If the user attempts to write a configuration to the SAM600 system that is not

matching the physical SAM600 module chain, then the PCM600 issues a warning.

The user may still choose to write the configuration.

SAM600 modules verify their configuration against the SAM600 neighbors

detected on the SAM600 system bus. If a SAM600 module receives a new

configuration and the configured SAM600 neighbors cannot be detected within two

minutes after startup, then the configuration is discarded and the module reverts

back to the Wait for Configuration state. The purpose of this behavior is to re-open

all communication ports that may be closed according to the configuration and

keep the whole SAM600 module chain reachable for PCM600. The two minute

time frame allows all SAM600 modules in the chain to start up and verify their

neighboring devices.

Once a SAM600 module has verified its neighboring devices, the configuration is

accepted as valid. If the SAM600 module detect a mismatch between configured

and detected SAM600 neighbors, it announces a topology error. See Section 2.3.9

for details on SAM600 supervision and Section 2.3.10 for system error

announcement.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Section 3 PCM600 Tool


Operation Manual

Section 3 PCM600 Tool

Protection and Control IED Manager PCM600 offers all the necessary functionality

to work throughout all stages of the SAM600 life cycle.

Planning

Engineering

Commissioning

Operation

Functional analysis

Specific tool components in PCM600 enable to perform different tasks and

functions, and control the whole substation.

For more information, see PCM600 documentation.

For more information on engineering SAM600 using various tools

available within PCM600, see SAM600 Engineering Manual

(1MRK 511 431-UEN).

3.1 Connectivity packages

A Connectivity package is a software component that consists of executable code

and dta which enables IEC 61850 system tools to communicate with a SAM600

system. Connectivity packages are used to create configuration structures in

PCM600.

A connectivity package includes all the data which is used to describe the IED. For

example, it contains a list of the existing parameters, data format used, as well as

units and visibility settings of the parameter. In addition, it contains code which

allows software packages that consume the connectivity package to properly

communicate with the SAM600 system.

Update Manager is a tool that helps in selecting the right connectivity package

versions for different system products and tools. Update Manager include products

that use connectivity packages. Update Manager is a part of the PCM600

installation.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Section 4 Commissioning SAM600


Operation Manual

Section 4 Commissioning SAM600

4.1 Safety instructions

Safety instructions must be followed as described in this operation manual and as

described in document 1KHL511872-UEN.

4.2 Unpacking

Upon receiving of the SAM600 modules check for any physical damage sustained

during the transport.

4.3 Mounting and earthing connection

SAM600 modules are DIN-rail mounted and can be installed horizontally or

vertically in a rack or marshalling kiosk. Preferred mounting position is horizontal

mounting.

The minimum spacing between SAM600 modules, and between SAM600 modules

and cable ducts as described in Section 7.1 must be observed.

The DIN rails onto which SAM600 modules are mounted must be properly

connected to the station earthing system. Use a conductor with a core cross section

area of at least 4mm2 (AWG12).

Each SAM600-CT and SAM600-VT module must be connected to protective

ground in the cubicle using a ground strap with the protective earthing screw

(Section 1.1).

4.4 Electrical wiring

Connecting the power supply

SAM600 modules are powered with 24V DC voltage. Use only approved DC/DC

converters or power supplies. Approved power supplies are listed in SAM600

accessory list (1MRK 511 432-UEN).

Section 4 1MRK 511 429-UEN - Commissioning SAM600


Operation Manual

The wiring from the cubicle terminal block (station battery) to the DC/DC

converter must be made in accordance with established standards for this type of

equipment. Wiring from the DC/DC converter to the SAM600 module uses a 3-pin

connector. For details on wiring diagrams, see Table 1.

Power supply connectors

Each SAM600 module has two power supply connectors (X1 and X2). This allows

to connect the SAM600 modules to individual power supply units. The two

connections X1 and X2 are module internally decoupled to support power supply

redundancy.

The connectors accept conductors with a cross section area of 0.2-2.5 mm2 (AWG

24-14, Section 7.2.2). The conductors can be of rigid type (solid, stranded) or of

flexible type. The fastening screw shall be tightened with a torque of 0.4 Nm.

The wires shall be connected to the connector before it is plugged into the SAM600

module, where the connector is then securely tightened with the two screws on

each side of the connector.

4.5 Communication wiring

SAM600 modules exchange information through the SAM600 system bus and

provide IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus traffic through their IEC 61850 access

points. Synchronization to external source can be achieved by 1PPS or IEC 61850-

9-3 (PTP). For details on wiring diagrams, see Table 1.

Setting up electrical communication

Use Category 5 SFTP cable for electrical communication wiring inside the cubicle.

Electrical Ethernet cabling is only allowed inside the boundaries of an individual

electrical cubicle or kiosk. It is not allowed to interconnect SAM600 modules

between different cubicles using electrical Ethernet cable.



Operation Manual

Setting up optical communication modules (SFP)

Use below recommended fiber optical cables for SAM600 system installations and

communication wiring:

Glass fibers with gradient index and LC connector (for 62.5/50 µm optical

fibers)

Diameter of core 62.5/50 µm, sheath 125 µm

Maximum permissible attenuation ≤ 8 dB/6dB

Rodent protected and longitudinally waterproof if in cable ducts

When laying the fiber optic cables, make sure to observe the

permissible bending radius and follow the manufacturer’s

recommendations.

Each SAM600 module has two SFP (small form factor pluggable) cages, which

can be equipped with optical SFP modules. Only use the approved SFP modules in

order to avoid malfunctioning. Use approved SFP modules listed in Accessory list

(1MRK 511 432-UEN).

Depending on the number of IEC 61850 access points required for the application

and for daisy-chaining SAM600 modules, insert the required number of SFP

modules in the SFP cages of a SAM600 module.

When inserting, ensure that the SFP modules are locked with the

cage in order to ensure proper functioning.

SAM600-TS modules has two additional LC connections (X106, X107) which can

be used as additional IEC 61850 access points.

Do not use Ethernet ports X106 and X107 of a SAM600-TS module

as SAM600 system-bus ports. This is a configuration setting which

is prevented by PCM600.

SFP modules meets Class I Laser safety requirements per IEC-

60825-1 standard. Do not stare into the beam or view the beam

directly with optical instruments. Failure to observe this warning

could result in an eye injury or blindness.

Connecting 1PPS time sync interface

Depending on the application, a SAM600 system can be setup to run as a free-

running system or require an external 1PPS signal from a time master or another

merging unit. If an external 1PPS synchronization is required, use port X300 on

SAM600-TS to connect a 1PPS signal.



Operation Manual

SAM600-TS provides five 1PPS outputs, which can be used to synchronize bay

level protection and control devices, or 3rd party merging units, such as the ABB

FOCS. The connectors X301-X305 on SAM600-TS provide a synchronized 1PPS

output signal.

PPS output connectors X301-X305 meet Class I Laser safety

requirements per IEC-60825-1 standard. Do not stare into the beam

or view the beam directly with optical instruments. Failure to

observe this warning could result in an eye injury or blindness.

Connecting the configuration interface

Use a USBA-A cable on port X105 in order to establish a communication to a PC

with PCM600.

For setting up PCM600 and appropriate drivers for communicating with SAM600

modules, see SAM600 engineering manual (1MRK 511 431-UEN).

Daisy chaining SAM600 modules

Each SAM600 module has two pairs of electrical and optical communication ports

(X103/X104 and X101/X102 if equipped with LC SFP modules).

The default settings are such that the electrical communication ports are used to

daisy-chain SAM600 modules with each other, and the optical communication

ports are used as IEC 61850 process bus access points.

Depending on the chosen deployment layout, each pair of communication ports on

each SAM600 module can be swapped in their functionality, thus allowing to

locate SAM600 at different physical outdoor locations.

Connecting process bus communication interfaces

Optical communication is typically used for IEC 61850 process bus

communication. For a SAM600 system, ports for IEC 61850 communication are

defined in PCM600.

Depending on the layout and deployment of SAM600 modules, the number of

SAM600 modules in a system results in a scalable number of optical

communication ports that are available and can be used for IEC 61850 process bus

communication.

Use the approved SFP module and fiber optic cables with LC connectors in order

to establish a communication connection with bay level protection and control

devices.

If SAM600 modules are deployed in marshalling kiosks close to the primary

equipment in the field, fiber optic patch panels are recommended to terminate the



Operation Manual

rugged outdoor cable at the entry of the marshalling kiosk and use more flexible

optical cable for internal connections.Verifying electrical and communication

connections

After installation it must be verified that SAM600 modules are correctly connected

to the other parts of the protection system. This is done with SAM600 modules and

all connected circuits de-energized.

Verifying VT circuits

Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied

connection diagram. Correct possible errors before continuing to the

test circuitry.

Execute the following steps for testing the circuitry:

Polarity check

VT circuit voltage measurement (primary injection test)

Earthing check

Phase relationship

Insulation resistance check

The polarity check verifies the integrity of circuits and phase relationships. The

check must be performed as close to the SAM600 module as possible.

The primary injection test verifies the VT ratio and the wiring all the way from the

primary system to the SAM600 module. Injection must be performed for each

phase-to-neutral circuit and each phase-to-phase pair. In each case, voltages in all

phases and neutral are measured.

Verifying CT circuits

Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied

connection diagram. Correct possible errors before continuing to the

test circuitry.

The CTs must be connected in accordance with the circuit diagram provided with

SAM600-CT, both with regards to phases and polarity. The following tests shall be

performed on every primary CT connected to SAM600-CT:

Primary injection test to verify the current ratio of the CT, the correct wiring up

to SAM600-CT and correct phase sequence connection (L1, L2, L3, and L4).

Polarity check to prove that the predicted direction of secondary current flow is

correct for a given direction of primary current flow.



Operation Manual

CT secondary loop resistance measurement to confirm that the current

transformer secondary loop DC resistance is within specification and that there

are no high resistance joints in the CT winding or wiring.

CT excitation test in order to confirm that the current transformer is of the

correct accuracy rating and that there are no shorted turns in the transformer

windings. Manufacturer’s design curves must be available for the current

transformer to compare the actual results.

Earthing check of the individual CT secondary circuits to verify that each

three-phase set of main CTs is properly connected to the station earth and only

at one electrical point.

Insulation resistance check.

Phase identification of the CT shall be made.

Both the primary and secondary sides must be disconnected from

the line and the SAM600-CT when plotting excitation

characteristics.

If the CT secondary circuit earth connection is removed without the

current transformer primary being de-energized, dangerous voltages

may result in the secondary CT circuits.

Verifying the power supply

Check that the auxiliary supply voltage from the DC/DC converter remains within

permissible input range under all operating conditions. Check that the polarity is

correct before powering on a SAM600 system.

Verifying binary inputs

Check all connected signals and auxiliary supply voltage so that both input level

and polarity are in accordance with the SAM600 module specifications.

Verifying communication connections

Check that SFP modules are plugged in correctly in the SFP cages and are locked.

Check that Tx and Rx optical connections on ST connectors (towards bay level

protection and control devices) are correct.

Check that the minimum bending radius for optical fibers is in

accordance with the cable manufacturer’s specifications.



Operation Manual

4.6 Storing, mounting and disposal

Storing SAM600 modules

SAM600 modules not immediately installed should be stored in a dry and clean

place. It is recommended to avoid extreme temperature fluctuations. Do not

remove the module from shipping boxes and do not remove wrapping material.

Dismounting SAM600 modules

Before carrying out any work on the equipment make sure you are

familiar with the electrical safety regulations.

De-energize the measurement equipment connected to the analog input

connectors of the SAM600 module

Remove the SAM600 module’s power supply

Unplug the digital inputs

Remove the wiring from measurement equipment to the terminal blocks of the

SAM600 module

Remove the network cables from the SAM600 module

On the SAM600-TS module remove all 1PPS and 1PPS out connections

Remove the SAM600 module from its rail mounting

Disposing of SAM600 modules

SAM600 modules are electronic devices. While the modules are not hazardous,

many countries’ environmental laws require special handling of old electronic

appliances. SAM600 modules can be returned to the vendor, who will properly

handle the disposal. The return address can be found in the documents

accompanying the SAM600 module.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Section 5 SAM600 System Startup


Operation Manual

Section 5 SAM600 System Startup

5.1 Start-up behavior

SAM600 modules ship with factory default settings. All settings are at their default

values (see table Parameter settings in the SAM600 engineering manual for default

value of each settable parameter). In factory default settings, SAM600 modules do

not send any sampled value streams to any port. The HMI flashes to indicate the

Wait for Configuration state.

The user has to create a configuration for the SAM600 system, and write the

configuration to the SAM600 modules in order to switch on their sampling and

merging functionality. The process for creating and downloading a configuration is

described in the SAM600 Engineering Manual (1MRK 511 431-UEN).

In factory default settings, SAM600 modules do not publish

sampled value streams.

Inappropriate settings on the SAM600 modules may lead to

misbehavior in protection and control applications due to wrong

information transmitted in the IEC 61850-9-2LE sampled value

streams.

Before powering on a SAM600 module, check the firm wiring of

analog and digital inputs. Verify firm grounding of SAM600

modules.

SAM600 modules will restart once the configuration is applied, activate all

parameter settings, port configurations and SV configurations which are contained

in the configuration and then start-up the SAM600 sampling and merging

functionality. Steady light of the HMI indicates the Normal Operation state. A new

configuration is subject to verification against the physical SAM600 system

topology, see Section 2.3.11.

If a configuration has been downloaded to a SAM600 module, the same

configuration is applied each time the SAM600 module starts up.

If the command Reset to factory default is applied then the SAM600

module will be reset to its factory defaults and it will restart into the

Wait for Configuration state as described above.

Section 5 1MRK 511 429-UEN - SAM600 System Startup


Operation Manual

The SAM600 modules in a SAM600 system can be powered on in arbitrary order.

The SAM600 modules will synchronize and automatically detect IEC 61850-9-

2LE sampled value streams on the SAM600 system bus. If a valid configuration is

available, the SAM600 module starts sampling the analog input values and

publishes IEC 61850-9-2LE sampled value streams according to its configuration.

During 10 seconds after initialization the sample quality of the

locally measured quantity (current or voltage) is forced to Invalid

(0x0001).

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Section 6 Diagnostics and Maintenance


Operation Manual

Section 6 Diagnostics and Maintenance

6.1 Maintenance instructions

SAM600 modules are self-supervising. If a SAM600 module experiences a

problem it will store the information in the event log. It is advisable to read the

contents of the SAM600 module’s event log during regular intervals and to back-

up the information in case a later analysis should be necessary.

In case of a serious malfunction, the SAM600 module tries to clear the problem by

restarting and re-initializing itself several times until it waits in startup mode.

Information about clearing attempts is also logged as system events. If the situation

cannot be cleared the SAM600 module will block its operation and indicate the

error by steady light on the HMI (see Section 7.2.3). The cause of the error is

described in a SAM600 event log.

Servicing of SAM600 module

If a SAM600 routine is executed, ensure that safety instructions and cabling

verification according to Section 0 are followed.

SAM600 modules in operation can heat up to the ambient

temperature in the mounted kiosk. Ensure that the surface of

SAM600 module has cooled down to room temperatures.

Before servicing a SAM600 module, visually inspect that no wires

connecting to SAM600 modules have loosened.

Replacing a SAM600 module

In case a SAM600 module is damaged it must be replaced. Follow the steps for

dismounting the SAM600 module as described in Section 4.6.

Contact an ABB representative for replacement or repair handling

instructions.

Before dismounting a SAM600 module make sure to de-energize all

equipment connected to the SAM600 module’s analog connectors.

Make sure that the SAM600 module’s power supply and digital

input connection are removed and the module is electrically

isolated.

Section 6 1MRK 511 429-UEN - Diagnostics and Maintenance


Operation Manual

The SAM600 replacement module must be mounted according to the installation

instructions in Section 4.6. PCM600 can be used to restore the configuration from a

backup. After restoring, the SAM600 replacement module will integrate seamlessly

into the SAM600 system.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Section 7 Technical Data


Operation Manual

Section 7 Technical Data

7.1 Module dimensions and mounting distances

SAM600 modules come with a compact form factor and are mounted on standard

DIN-rails (see Figure 12). SAM600 modules can be mounted both in horizontal or

vertical orientation. All SAM600 modules are equipped with a marked safety GND

connection point on the left side of the module.

Figure 12: SAM600 module (SAM600-VT)

Table 8 provides an overview of the dimensions and weights of the SAM600

modules.

Table 8: Dimensions and weights of SAM600 modules

Dimensions and weights SAM600-CT SAM600-VT SAM600-TS

Length (mm) 233 233 233

Width (mm) (with/without connectors) 157/132 144/132 157/132

Height (mm) (with DIN-rail clamp) 60 60 60

Weight (kg) < 1.30 < 1.00 < 1.30

Minimum horizontal space (mm) 20 (between modules or cable duct)

Minimum vertical space (mm) 50 (between modules or cable duct)

Section 7 1MRK 511 429-UEN - Technical Data


Operation Manual

7.2 Labels, connectors and indications of SAM600 modules

7.2.1 SAM600 module identification

All SAM600 modules carry a device label as depicted in Figure 13 allowing to

identify a SAM600 module and its basic properties.

Figure 13: SAM600-CT device label

Table 9 lists the details of the information printed on SAM600 labels.

Table 9: SAM600 device label properties

Label (Example) Description

SAM600 1.10-CT-DA-A SAM600 module order code.

See SAM600 product guide for more details

Ver. 1.1 SAM600 module product version

1KHL150012R1001A SAM600 module identification number, including revision information.

For ABB internal use only

S/N: AB16010001 SAM600 serial number



Operation Manual

7.2.2 Connector diagrams

This section describes the connection interfaces of SAM600 modules, and the LED

HMI.

7.2.2.1 SAM600-CT

SAM600-CT has four current measurement channels and digital inputs for

auxiliary signal supervision. Those channels are accessible via connectors X11-

X14 and X10, respectively.

Figure 14 and Figure 15 depict the position and numbering of connectors of the

SAM600-CT module.

Side plate connector positions

Figure 14: SAM600-CT module electrical Ethernet side view

Figure 15: SAM600-CT module fiber optical Ethernet side view

Wiring diagrams

Wiring diagrams for SAM600-CT can be found in document 1KHL511912.

Connector descriptions

Table 10 lists the interface descriptions for the SAM600-CT module.

Table 10: Interfaces for SAM600-CT

Interface Connector Pin Remark

Power supply interface X1/X2

Power supply GND X1 1

Power supply +24 VDC (main

power)

X1 2



Operation Manual




Power supply +24 VDC (redundant

power)

X2 2


Digital interface X10 1

Test switch indication X10 2

Not used X10 3

Not used X10 4

Not used X10 5

Binary input of common GND X10 6

Shielding GND X10 7

Shielding GND X10

Analog interface X11-X14

Current phase L1- X14 1

Current phase L1+ X14 2





Current phase N- X11 1

Current phase N+ X11 2

Optical network interface X101/X102

IEC 61850-9-2LE process

bus/system bus

X101 NA SFP cage for optional 100Base-

FX SFP module


bus/system bus

X102 NA SFP cage for optional 100Base-

FX SFP module

Electrical network interface X103/X104

IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus/

system bus

X103 NA 100Base-TX

IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus/

system bus

X104 NA 100Base-TX

Configuration interface X105

Connection to SAM600

configuration tool

X105 NA USB-A/USB-A cable

LED status indication D2

Status indications D2.1-D2.4 NA For more details refer to Section

7.2.3



Operation Manual

7.2.2.2 SAM600-VT

SAM600-VT has four current measurement channels and digital inputs for

auxiliary signal supervision. Those channels are accessible via the connectors X11

and X10, respectively.


SAM600-VT module.


Figure 16: SAM600-VT module electrical Ethernet side view

Figure 17: SAM600-VT module fiber optical Ethernet side view

Wiring diagrams

Wiring diagrams for SAM600-VT can be found in document 1KHL511911.


Table 11 lists the interface descriptions for the SAM600-VT module.

Table 11: Interfaces for SAM600-VT


Power supply interface X1/X2


Power supply +24 VDC (main

power)

X1 2




power)

X2 2



Operation Manual



Digital interface X10

Test switch indication X10 1

Fuse failure phase 1 X10 2



Binary input of common GND X10 5

Shielding GND X10 6

Shielding GND X10 7

Analog inputs X20

Voltage phase L1- X20 1

Voltage phase L1+ X20 2





Voltage phase N- X20 7

Voltage phase N+ X20 8



bus/system bus

X101 NA SFP cage for optional 100Base-FX

SFP module


bus/system bus

X102 NA SFP cage for optional 100Base-FX

SFP module

Electrical network interface X103/X104


bus/system bus

X103 NA 100Base-TX


bus/system bus

X104 NA 100Base-TX


Connection to SAM600 configuration

tool


LED status indication D2


7.2.3



Operation Manual

7.2.2.3 SAM600-TS

SAM600-TS has two additional optical SFP connectors, as well as digital inputs

for auxiliary signal supervision and watchdog contacts.


SAM600-TS module.


Figure 18: SAM600-TS module electrical Ethernet side view

Figure 19: SAM600-TS module fiber optical Ethernet side view



Operation Manual

Wiring diagrams

Wiring diagrams for SAM600-TS can be found in document 1KHL511910.


Table 12 lists the interface descriptions for the SAM600-TS module.

Table 12: Interfaces for SAM600-TS


Power supply interface (Not activated) X1/X2


Power supply +24 VDC (main power) X1 2




power)

X2 2


Binary input interface X10

Binary input X10 1 Not used




Binary input of common GND X10 5 Not used

Shielding GND X10 6 Not used

Shielding GND X10 7 Not used

Internal relay fault X40

Common X40 1

Normally closed X40 2

Normally open X40 3


IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus/system

bus

X101 NA SFP cage for optional

100Base-FX SFP module

IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus/system

bus

X102 NA SFP cage for optional

100Base-FX SFP module



Operation Manual


Copper network interface X103 / X104


bus/system bus

X103 NA 100Base-TX


bus/system bus

X104 NA 100Base-TX


USB 2.0 configuration interface

(serial connection)



IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus X106 NA

IEC 61850-9-2LE process bus X107 NA

1PPS input interface X300

1PPS input X300 NA

1PPS output interface X301-X305

1PPS output X301 NA

1PPS output X302 NA

1PPS output X303 NA

1PPS output X304 NA

1PPS output X305 NA

LED status indication D2/D9


7.2.3


7.2.3



Operation Manual

7.2.3 LED indications for all SAM600 modules

The SAM600 modules contain several LEDs’ to indicate the current operation

states. The main SAM600 module indication LEDs’ are located on the front side

(see Figure 20). These 3 LEDs are common for all the three SAM600 module.

Enumerated from top to bottom these LEDs are indicating:

Ready (green)

Warning (yellow)

Alarm (red)

There are 4/8 more LEDs’ on the sides that indicate the network activity and link

state of the optical transceivers. For SAM600-CT and SAM600-VT modules (see

Figure 21), there are 4 LEDs for the optical transceivers link state and there are 8

LEDs for SAM600-TS (see Figure 22).

Figure 20: Front side overlay with LED's

Figure 21: CT/VT side of the optical transceivers with the LED's D2.1 to D2.4



Operation Manual

Figure 22: TS side of the optical transceivers with the LED's D2.1 to D2.4 and D9.1

to D9.4

7.2.3.1 Description of LED HMI functionality

On the top-plate of each SAM600 module, there are three status LEDs which have

a fixed function and cannot be configured.

The function of each LED is as follows:

The green LED (READY) indicates the health status of a SAM600 module.

The yellow LED (WARNING) indicates any warning caused by an issue

related to a SAM600 module.

The red LED (ALARM) indicates severe hardware failure or software

malfunction of the SAM600 module.

Table 13: LED status

Function Green LED (Ready) Yellow LED (Warning) Red LED (Alarm)

Power down No warning No alarm

Module is in Bootloader (all LED’s steady light)

Module is operating

normally with a valid

configuration

Module is missing a

sample stream for

merging

Module’s high-

resolution A/D

converter is in

saturation

Module’s board

temperature

exceeds threshold

Communication error

in the SAM600

module chain

Module’s digital input

HW error

Module software

failure

SAM600 application

disabled

Module is starting

up

Module operates

normally and waits

to receive a

configuration

Simulation mode

activated

Module’s time

synchronization is not as

configured

= No indication

= Flash

= Steady light



Operation Manual

Table 14 lists the LED HMI definitions applicable optical transceiver states.

Table 14: SAM600 LED HMI optical transceiver definition

Pos Description

Applies to

SAM600-CT SAM600-

VT

SAM600-

TS

LED group D2: Optical transceiver information for X101 and X102

1 NA TX/RX traffic on X102 X X X

2 ON Link indication of port X102 X X X

3 NA TX/RX traffic on X101 X X X

4 ON Link indication of port X101 X X X

LED group D9: Optical transceiver status for X106/X107

1 NA TX/RX traffic on X106 X

2 ON Link indication of port X106 X

3 NA TX/RX traffic on X107 X

4 ON Link indication of port X107 X

7.2.4 Watchdog functionality (SAM600-TS only)

A watchdog functionality is available on SAM600-TS. The watchdog is activated

in case of a device error on SAM600-TS, which is equivalent to steady light of

LED HMI.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Appendix A System Log Events


Operation Manual

Appendix A System Log Events

SAM600 system events

The following Table 15 lists the system events recorded by SAM600 modules.

Table 15: SAM600 system events

Event name Severity Status Description Required action

Application

initialization

Information ON only Created at several stages

during module startup.

None

Internal Failure Error ON only Created during various

application error

conditions. The module

tries to clear the error once

by restarting. If the error

condition persists the

module will switch-off the

SAM600 application.

If the module

remains in stall

mode, call help

line.

Module restart

initiated

Information ON only Created before the module

enters its restart sequence.

None

Digital input 1 Information ON / OFF Created when the detected

potential of digital input

channel 1 (Test Switch)

changes.

None

Digital input 2, 3,

4

Information ON / OFF Created when the detected

potential on one of the

digital input channels 2..4

(Fuse Failure) changes.

None

Topology failure Error /

Information

ON / OFF Error log created when the

module detects a topology

error on one of its ports

X101..X104. Information

log created when the

topology error condition

vanishes.

In case of an error

log: verify that

physical

connection

between SAM600

modules is

according to the

configuration.

Appendix A 1MRK 511 429-UEN - System Log Events


Operation Manual


Temperature

alarm

Error /

Information


module’s temperature

supervision raises a

temperature alarm.

Information log created

when temperature alarm

condition vanishes.

In case of the

error log: check

temperature in

cubicle.

Command failure Warning ON only Created when the SAM600

module does not

successfully process a

command from the

configuration tool.

If this error

persists and the

configuration tool

fails to execute a

certain command,

call help line.

Hardware failure Error ON only Created when the module

hardware supervision

detects A/D saturation of

an error in the digital input

potential sampling.

Check connection

of digital inputs.

Check connection

of analog inputs.

Missing stream Error /

Information


module does not receive

on the SAM600 system

bus a sampled values

stream that it is configured

to merge. Information log

created when the error

condition vanishes.

In case of the

error log: check

connection of all

SAM600 modules

to the SAM600

system bus.

Bridged stream

missing

Error /

Information


module does not receive

the bridged stream it is

configured to send to one

of its uplink ports or its

uplink port. Information log


condition vanishes.

In case of the

error log: check

the connection of

the module to the

SAM600 system

bus. Check all

connections of the

module that is

configured to

receive the

bridged stream

into the SAM600

system.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Appendix A System Log Events


Operation Manual


Package drop on

incoming port

Warning ON only Created when the module

supervision detects a

frame drop condition.

If the error

repeatedly occurs

check the infeed

of packets on the

uplink connection

of the SAM600

system.

Time sync failure Error /

Information


module supervision

detects a mismatch in the

sample synchronization

status. Information log


condition vanishes.

Depending on the

Time

synchronization

setting check the

connection to the

external GPS time

source / master

clock / 1-PPS

source.

X10* link status Information ON / OFF Created when the link

status of the respective

network port changes.

None

SAM600 security-related events

The following Table 16 lists the security related events recorded by SAM600

modules.

Table 16: Security-related events


Event buffer

overflow

Error ON only Created when the internal

event queue overflows

and the log events are

lost.

None

New application

configuration

applied

Information ON only Created when the

SAM600 parameter

settings are modified as

part of a configuration

write.

None

Simulation mode Information ON / OFF Created when the

simulation mode is

switched ON or OFF.

None

Configuration

mode

Information ON only Created when the module

is set to wait for

configuration state.

None

Appendix A 1MRK 511 429-UEN - System Log Events


Operation Manual


New

configuration

received


has received a

configuration.

None

New

configuration

applied


has successfully applied a

configuration.

None

Port settings

modified


SAM600 system bus port

settings are modified.

None

Reset to factory

defaults


configuration of a module

is erased.

None

New system

time set

Information ON only Created when the new

system time is set on the

SAM600-TS module.

None

Event log reset Information ON only Created when the event

log on SAM600 module is

deleted.

None

Serial

communication

failure

Error ON only Created when the module

fails to receive a

command from the

configuration tool on its

serial port, or when the

module fails to send a

command to the

configuration tool from its

serial port.

Check the

module’s serial

port connection. If

an error occurs,

call for help.

1MRK 511 429-UEN - Appendix B Glossary


Operation Manual

Appendix B Glossary

Abbreviation Description

1PPS One Pulse Per Second

AC Alternating Current

AIS Air Isolated Switchgear

BMC Best Master Clock

DC Direct current

FOCS Fiber-Optic Current Sensor

FTDI Future Technology Devices International Ltd.

(http://www.ftdichip.com/)

GIS Gas Isolated Switchgear

ICT IED Configuration Tool

IEC 61850 Substation automation communication standard

IED Intelligent Electronic Device

IID Instantiated IED Description

LE IEC 61850-9-2LE Light Edition

LED Light Emitted Diode

MAC Media Access Control

MSVCB Multicast Sample Value Control Block

PCM600 Protection and Control IED Manager

PTP IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol

RCB Report Control Block

SAM600 SAM600 Standalone Merging Unit

SAMU Standalone Merging Unit

SCD Substation Communication Description

SCL System Configuration Description Language

SCT System Configuration Tool

SFP Small Form factor Pluggable

SMVID Sample Value Identifier

http://www.ftdichip.com/

Appendix B 1MRK 511 429-UEN - Glossary


Operation Manual

Abbreviation Description

SST System Specification Tool

SV Sample Value

USB Universal Serial Bus

UTC Coordinated Universal Time

Contact us

ABB AB

Grid Automation Products

SE-721 59 Västerås, Sweden

Phone: +46 (0) 21 32 50 00

Fax: +46 (0) 21 14 69 18

www.abb.com/protection-control

1M

RK

511 4

29

-UE

N -

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