One Tiny Mold, One Big Problem: Aspergillosis By: Melanie Yodock.
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Transcript of One Tiny Mold, One Big Problem: Aspergillosis By: Melanie Yodock.
One Tiny Mold, One Big Problem:
AspergillosisBy:
Melanie Yodock
OutlineO History of AspergillosisO Aspergillus species informationO People at RiskO Clinical TypesO Detection/DiagnosisO Treatment
HistoryO First noted in 1815O Secondary infectionO Associated with certain occupations
Aspergillus sp.O Taxonomy
O Named after aspergillum
O 1926- 69 species
O 1945- 80 species
O 1965- 151 species
O 5 common species
O Many rarer species
O MorphologyO SaprophytesO Small, fluffy,
white coloniesO Pathogenic
species can be different colors
People at RiskO AIDS patientsO NeutropeniaO Chronic Granulomatous DiseaseO Solid Organ Transplant RecipientsO Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Recipients (HSCT)
Clinical CasesO Pulmonary
AspergillosisO Aspergillomas
O Granulomatous aspergillosis
Clinical Cases Cont.O Otomycosis
O Aspergillus Sinusitis
Clinical Cases Cont.O Tracheobronchitis
O Cutaneous Aspergillosis
Clinical Cases Cont.O Cerebral
Aspergillosis
Detection/DiagnosisO BAL cultures
O (1→3)-β-ᴅ-glucan assay
Detection/DiagnosisO CT scans
O Laboratory Markers and PCR
TreatmentO Amphotericin B
O Voriconazole
O Itraconazole
O Caspofungin
O Posaconazole
SummaryO Aspergillosis has been around for
hundreds of yearsO Secondary infection in
immunocompromised patientsO Many clinical types of aspergillosisO New detection techniques are allowing
for earlier diagnosisO Many treatment options but an ongoing
battle with fungal evolution and resistance
ReferencesO Denning D.W. 1998. Invasive Aspergillosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 26: 781-805.O Denning D.W., Ribaud P., Milpied N., Caillot D., Herbrecht R., Thiel E., Haas A., Ruhnke M.,
Lode H. 2002. Efficacy and Safety of Voriconazole in the Treatment of Acute Invasive Aspergillosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 34: 563-571.
O Di Somma A., Bailey T., Silvanose C., Garcia-Martinez C. 2007. The Use of Voriconazole for the Treatment of Aspergillosis in Falcons (Falco Species). Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 21(4): 307-316.
O Emmons C.W., Binford C.H., Utz J.P. 1970. Medical Mycology, Second Edition. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, pp. 256-274.
O Grant S.M., Clissold S.P. 1989. Itraconazole. Drugs. 37(3): 310-344.O Kendrick B. 2000. The Fifth Kingdom: Third Edition. Newburyport MA: Focus Publising,
pp.331-332.O Marr K.A., Carter R.A., Crippa F., Wald A., Corey L., 2002. Epidemiology and Outcome of
Mould Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 34: 909-917.
O Ostrosky-Zeichner L., Alexander B.D., Kett D.H., Vazquez J., Pappas P.G., Saeki F., Ketchum P.A., Wingard J., Schiff R., Tamura H., Finkelman M.A., Rex J.H. 2005. Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the (1→3)-β-ᴅ-Glucan Assay as an Aid to Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in Humans. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 41: 654-659.
O Segal B.H., Walsh T.J. 2006. Current Approaches to Diagnosis and Treatment of Invasive Aspergillosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 173: 707-717.
O Walsh T.J. Dixon D.M. 1989. Nosocomial Aspergillosis: Environmental Microbiology, Hospital Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. European Journal of Epidemiology. 5(2): 131-142.
O Wilson J.W., Plunkett O.A. 1965. The Fungous Diseases of Man. Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 197-204.
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