ÜDS DENEME SINAVI FEN BİLİMLERİ - 8 A · ÜDS DENEME SINAVI FEN BİLİMLERİ - 8 A...

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FEN BİLİMLERİ - 8

ÜDS DENEME SINAVIFEN BİLİMLERİ - 8

A

İçindekiler:

Cevap Kağıdı

Deneme Sınavı

Cevap Anahtarı

Sınavın Yabancı Kelimeleri

Uyarılar:1. Bu testte 80 soru vardır. Bu sorular için toplam 3 saat (180 dakika) süre

ayrılmıştır.

2. Soru türlerine ait giriş ve çıkış saatleri, sınavın sabah 9:30 -12:30arasında uygulanacağı varsayılarak belirlenmiştir. Soru türlerine giriş veçıkış saatlerini, sınava başladığınız saati esas alarak değiştirebilirsiniz.

3. Düzeyinizi tam olarak belirlemek istiyorsanız, sınavı tek bir oturumdauygulayınız.

4. Önerilen süreleri aşmayınız.

5. Bir soru üzerindeki değerlendirmenizi bitirdikten sonra, o soruya tekrardönmeyiniz.

6. Sorularınıza verdiğiniz cevapları daha sonra değiştirmeyiniz.7. Cevabını iki seçeneğe kadar indirgediğiniz sorularda, size göre doğru

çıkma ihtimali zayıf olan seçeneği işaretleyiniz.

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CEVAP KAĞIDI


- 3 - Diğer sayfaya geçinizð

FEN BİLİMLERİ - 8A

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1. - 21. sorularda, cümlede boşb ırakı lan yere uy gun düşen sözcükya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Başlangıç saati : 09:30Bitiş saati : 09:51Toplam süre : 21 dakika

1. Acetic acid is used as a food ---- andflavouring material, and also in themanufacture of white lead.

A ) preservative B ) decayC) absorption D) solution

E) process

2. Atoms are ---- of electrons and a nucleuscontaining protons.

A ) joined B ) linkedC) composed D) kept

E) completed

3. Visibili ty depends ---- upon theconcentrat ion of water or dust particlesin the air.A ) rapid ly B ) obstinatelyC) instantly D) suitably

E) chief ly

4. This magazine is designed to helpsatel li te equipment buyers make more--- - purchasing decisions and keep aheadof new dev elopments.

A ) representative B ) obscureC) f oreseen D) informed

E) indif ferent

5. Science requires the testing of its ideasor theories to see if its predictions are-- -- by experiment.A ) made up B ) borne outC) closed in D) put of f

E) sorted out

6. The subject of statistics is ---- thecalculation of the forces acting on andwithin st ructures that are in equilibrium.

A ) taken care of B ) turned upC) kept off D) given rise to

E) concerned with

7. Radioactiv ity was discovered in 1896 byBecquerel, who noticed that saltscontaining uranium ---- radiations.

A ) got of f B ) held upC) sent of f D) came up with

E) turned away

8. ---- many diverse animal forms exist ----exceptions can be found to almost anydefinition of an animal.

A ) So / as B ) As / asC) W hether / so D) So / that

E) Neither / nor

9. Products ---- diverse ---- rubber, tobacco,coffee, chocolate and aromatic oils forper fumes come from f lower ing plants.

A ) as / as B ) too / thanC) both / and D) either / or

E) not only / but also

10. Heat is transferred from ---- object ---- byconduction, convection and radiation.A ) either / to othersB ) each / from the restC) any / with anotherD) some / through othersE) one / to another

11. Pile foundations are costly and normallyeconomic only - -- - commercial structureson valuable sites.A ) in the manner of B ) in the case ofC) in place of D) in fulf ilment of

E) in accordance with

12. The South African government hascommitted a further sum of money to theSouthern African Large Telescope (SLT),---- enables the construction of this gianttelescope to commence next y ear.

A ) whi c h B ) thusC) by which D) wh o s e

E) for whom

13. The wri ters of this article seem toassume that nuclear p lants conform withsafety requirements ---- the fact thatviolations are constantly being reported.A ) in case B ) althoughC) against D) concerning

E) despite




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14. Some scientists ---- us that the thermalblanket around the globe ---- the averagetemperature of the earth to rise.

A ) were warning / has causedB ) have been warning / was causingC) have warned / may causeD) had warned / causedE) warn / wil l have caused

15. A theory ---- only when a hypothesis ----by consistent results f rom manyobservat ions or exper iments.

A ) may have been developed / was beingsupported

B ) can be developed / has been supportedC) wil l be developed / was supportedD) has been developed / had been supportedE) had been developed / might have been

supported

16. If transport costs -- -- into considerationat the outset, the plant ---- far from itspresent si te .

A ) will be taken / are being builtB ) were taken / had been builtC) have been taken / have been builtD) were being taken / will be builtE) had been taken / would have been built

17. The first laser ---- in 1960 by Malmanalmost half a century after the publicationin 1916 of Einstein’s theory of radiation,which ---- the possibility of laseroperat ion.

A ) has been demonstrated / had shownB ) had been demonstrated / showedC) was demonstrated / showedD) demonstrates / was shownE) was being demonstrated / shows

18. The advent of nuclear power ---- thetrend to use water -power on a largescale, and hydroelectric installations---- in all industrial countries with waterpower potential .A ) has not halted / are being builtB ) did not halt / are builtC) would not halt / will be builtD) will not halt / were being builtE) had not halted / would be built

19. Researchers disagree - -- - whether alarge ocean ever existed on Mars, butone thing is certain: Martian geology isturning ---- to be strange and complex.

A ) of / round B ) in / overC) for / up D) on / out

E) about / in

20. Species become endangered and evenextinct ---- a variety of reasons, many ofwhich are related -- -- human activ ities.

A ) within / of B ) for / toC) with / for D) in / with

E) over / through

21. The advance of the steel industry hasbeen marked -- -- a progressiv e increasein the size, and complexity of the plantused and a fall ---- labour costs.

A ) off / through B ) with / fromC) up / with D) by / in

E) in / of

22. - 31. sorularda, verilen cümleyiuygun şeki lde tamamlay an ifadeyibulunuz.


22. In many industrial processes, humanoperators can be replaced by controlsy stems -- -- .A ) which can be used, for instance, to monitor

and control pressure, temperature andmotor speed

B ) that the error sensor is a basic componentC) that they have the ability to control physical

variablesD) by whom the difference between the actual

and desired value can be reduced to zeroE) which had been capable of fulf illing a

number of functions




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23. The old system of flood irrigation hasfallen into disrepute ---- .

A ) unless short canals could have enabled thecompartments to be f illed in an orderlyfashion

B ) though the f lood waters had beencontrolled to cover so much land

C) as the height of the f lood was variable sowas the area f looded

D) af ter several weeks the water would bedrained back into the river

E) because it only produces one crop a year

24. Insect-eating plants have devices ---- .

A ) from which stickiness an insect can nevermake its escape

B ) so that they are able to live in most parts ofthe world but chiefly in warm regions

C) if their prey is to be enticed into the trapD) which enable them to catch insects and

digest them with the aid of enzymesE) of which the pitcher plant that produces

pepsin is an example

25. For a small planet, the Earth is extremelyheavy ---- .

A ) whether the l iquid iron creates a powerfulmagnetic f ield

B ) that two-thirds of it are covered withocean

C) since its iron core is very largeD) that the atmosphere screens the sun’s

radiationE) if the atmosphere were not rich in oxygen

26. Helium, the lightest of the inert gases,was discovered in 1868, ---- .

A ) until i ts importance was recognized inscientif ic research at low temperatures

B ) as liquid helium has many remarkablequalit ies which are only imperfectlyunderstood

C) when spectrographic investigationsdisclosed an unknown yellow line in thechromosphere of the sun

D) before studies into atomic structure wouldbe realized

E) though two of its stable isotopes exist asliquids right down to the absolute zero

27. As soon as slender steel columns beganto replace massive piers in buildingconstruction ---- .

A ) inflammable materials would not be usedagain in high-rise buildings

B ) a new school of architecture could neverhave developed without the challenge ofthese and other new building materials

C) this new group of promising architects hadas yet attracted very li ttle attention

D) new conceptions of both the practical andaesthetic use of space came into being

E) their ideas indicated a rejection of machineproduction

28. ---- , where the gas is ionized and, inconsequence, become electricallyconduct iv e.

A ) In 1924, direct measurements of the heightand density of the ionosphere were f irs tmade in Britain

B ) The ionization is almost entirely producedby ultra-violet light and X-radiation

C) The ionization density had alreadyincreased to a maximum at a height ofaround 150 miles

D) In 1580, the existence of a conductinglayer in the high atmosphere had not beenpostulated

E) The ionosphere is the upper region of theearth’s atmosphere

29. ---- , we cannot infer from this thatextrater restrial civ il izations do not exist.

A ) Though researchers have made no positivedetections of extraterrestr ial s ignals

B ) Until radio transmissions f rom othercivilizations were picked up

C) Since a number of sophisticated searchesare presently underway at the RadioAstronomy Observatory

D) W henever the possibili ty of extraterrestr ialcivilizations comes to the fore

E) After they began to search forextraterrestrial civi lizations by means ofradio astronomy

30. Until science develops ways of predictingnatural disasters ear lier and moreaccurately, ---- .

A ) prevention, unfortunately, usually eludes usB ) flooding regularly takes a heavy toll of

human lifeC) modern technology cannot shield us f rom

the destructive force of a hurricaneD) they wil l continue to cause untold suffering

throughout the worldE) the lethal release of natural carbon dioxide

is entirely preventable




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31. -- -- when heat resistant mater ials arere qui re d.

A ) Engineers often use ceramicsB ) There are two main types of metal; ferrous

and nonferrousC) W ith the addition of chromium, the steel’s

abili ty to resist corros ion was increasedD) Both bronze and brass have been used

ornamentallyE) Cutting tools are made from high-speed

steels

32. - 36. sorularda, verilen İngilizcecümlenin anlam ına en yak ın Türkçecümleyi bulunuz.


32. Asteroids are relatively small objects,which move in orbits mainly between theorbits of Mars and Jupiter.

A ) Asteroidler, yörüngeleri genellikle Mars veJüpiter’in yörüngeleri aras ına sığacak kadarküçük olan nesnelerdir.

B ) Asteroidler, genellikle Mars ve Jüpiter’inyörüngeleri arasında yer alan yörüngelerdehareket eden nispeten küçük nesnelerdir.

C) Oldukça küçük nesneler olan asteroidler,çoğunlukla Mars ve Jüpiter arasındakiyörüngelerde hareket ederler.

D) Nispeten küçük nesneler olan asteroidlerinçoğunun yörüngesi Mars ve Jüpiter’ inyörüngeleri arasındadır.

E) Sürekli olarak Mars ve Jüpiter’in yörüngeleriarasındaki boş lukta hareket edenasteroidler, aslında son derece küçüknesnelerdir.

33. One of the important consequences ofthe theory of relativity is that time is nolonger regarded as an absolute quantity.

A ) Görecelik kuramı, zamanın artık mutlak birnicelik olarak kabul edilmemesi gerektiğinikesin olarak göstermektedir.

B ) Görecelik kuramının en önemli iddias ı,zamanın tartışmasız bir nicelik olmaözell iğini kaybetmesidir.

C) Görecelik kuramının önemli sonuçlarındanbiri, zamanın artık mutlak bir nicelik olarakgörülmemesidir.

D) Zamanın artık mutlak niceliklerden biri olarakkabul edilmemesi, görecelik kuramıylaortaya çıkan önemli gelişmeler arasındadır.

E) Görecelik kuramının önemli sonuçları,zamanın tartışmasız bir niceliksayılmamasını gerektirmektedir.

34. Acid rain can mark fruit and leaves, andadversely affect soil, but its main effectis on the ecosystems especial ly inregions with thin soils and granite rocks.

A ) Asit yağmuru meyve ve yapraklarda lekeyapabil ir ve toprağa çok zarar verebilir,ancak asıl etkisi, ince toprak ve granitkayalardan oluşan bölgelerin ekosistemleriüzerinde gözlemlenebilir.

B ) Meyve ve yapraklarda leke yapan asityağmuru, as ıl etkisini toprakta, özellikle deince toprak ve granit kaya tabakalar ile kaplıbölgelerin ekosistemleri üzerinde gösterir.

C) Toprakta önemli tahribat yapan vemeyvelerle yapraklar üzerinde leke bırakanasit yağmuru, özellikle, ince toprak ve granitkayalarla kaplı bölgelerin ekosistemlerinietkiler.

D) Asıl etkisini ince topraklı ve granit kayalıbölgelerin ekosistemleri üzerinde gösterenasit yağmuru, meyve ve yapraklarda lekeyapmakla kalmaz, toprakta da büyüktahribata yol açar.

E) Asit yağmuru meyve ve yapraklarda lekeyapabilir ve toprağı olumsuz olaraketkileyebilir, ancak asıl etkisi, özellikle incetopraklı ve granit kayalı bölgelerdekiekosistemler üzerindedir.

35. The diagnostic use of ultrasound inmedicine is a complicated and veryinteresting application of physicalprinciples.

A ) Fizik ilkelerinin oldukça karmaşık ve çokilginç bir uygulaması olan ultrason, tıpta tanıamacıyla kullanılmaktadır.

B ) Ultrasonun tıpta tanı için kullanımı, f izikilkelerinin karmaşık ve çok ilginç biruygulamas ıdır.

C) T ıpta tanı amacıyla kullanılan ultrason,karmaşık f izik ilkelerinin oldukça ilginç biruygulamas ıdır.

D) Karmaşık f izik ilkelerinin tıptaki ilginçuygulamalarından biri de tanı için kullanılanultrasondur.

E) Oldukça karmaşık ve son derece ilginç f izikilkelerini uygulayan ultrason, tıpta teşhisaracı olarak kullanılır.




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36.Many plants, particularly those in aridregions, possess storage roots adaptedto store water.

A ) Birçok bitki, özellikle de kurakbölgelerdekiler, su depolamaya uyumsağlamış depo köklere sahiptir.

B ) Özellikle kurak bölgelerde bulunan pek çokbitkinin, su depolamaya uygun köklerivard ır.

C) Su depolamaya uygun köklere sahip olanbitkilerin çoğu kurak bölgelerde bulunur.

D) Kurak bölgelerdeki bitkilerin çoğu, sudepolamaya uyum sağlamış yap ılara,özellikle depo köklere sahiptir.

E) Birçok bitkinin, özellikle de kurakbölgedekilerin kökleri, ayn ı zamanda birersu deposu görevi görebilir.

37. - 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçecümlenin anlamına en yak ın İngilizcecümleyi bulunuz.


37. Birinci Dünya Savaşının sonlar ına doğru,bombard ıman uçaklar ı daha iht isaslaşm ışduruma gelmekteydi ve hafi f ve ağırolmak üzere iki alt sın ıfa ayr ı lmışt ı .

A ) The subclasses, heavy and light, were onlyintroduced for bombing aircraft towards theend of W orld W ar I, when they had becomemore specialized.

B ) As W orld W ar I was drawing to a close,bombing aircraf t had become sospecialized that they had to be divided intotwo new subclasses, heavy and l ight.

C) Bombing aircraft had become so much morespecialized by the end of W orld W ar I thattwo new subclasses were recognized,light and heavy.

D) Towards the end of World War I, bombingaircraf t were becoming more specializedand were divided into two subclasses, l ightand heavy.

E) As bombing aircraft were becoming morespecialized towards the end of W orld W arI, they had to be divided into twosubclasses, heavy and light.

38. Kuş davranışın ın en büyüleyiciyanlar ından biri, pek çok türün yapt ığıy ıl l ık göçtür.

A ) Bird behaviour is quite fasc inating,especially the annual migration of many ofthe species.

B ) One of the most fascinating aspects of birdbehaviour is the annual migration made bymany species.

C) The annual migration of many species ofbirds is just one of the fascinating aspectsof their behaviour.

D) Many species of birds have fascinatingbehaviour patterns, part icularly as regardsannual migration.

E) In relation to their annual migration, thebehaviour patterns of many bird speciesare quite fascinating.

39. Sünger çok hücreli o lmasına karşın,hücreleri b irbir ine gevşek bir şekildebağ l ıd ır ve belirgin doku oluşturmaz.

A ) The cells of the multicellular sponge are soloosely connected that they do not formdef inite t issues.

B ) The sponge is obviously multicellular, butthe cells are clearly too loosely connectedto form tissues.

C) Although the sponge is multicellular, itscells are loosely connected and do not formspecif ic t issues.

D) Because the cells of the multicellularsponge are loosely connected, they do notform specif ic t issues.

E) The tissues of the multicellular spongedef initely evolve f rom the looselyconnected cells .

40. Hava taşımacıl ığı , temelde ulusal itibar,ticaret ve savunma nedenleriy le, ilkgünler inden beri hükümetler için yak ınilgi konusu olmuştur.

A ) Since its earliest days, air transport hasbeen a matter of close concern togovernments, primarily for reasons ofnational prestige, trade and defence.

B ) Right from the beginning, governmentshave recognized the importance of airtransport largely for reasons of nationalprestige, trade and defence.

C) Even at the start, air transport has beenclosely supported by governments as itaf fects a country’s prestige, trade anddefence.

D) Governments were immediately aware ofthe importance of air transport largely onaccount of its af fect on a country’sprestige, trade and security.

E) It is primarily because air transport canaf fect a country’s prestige, trade andsecurity that governments everywherehave started to treat it seriously.




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41. Çöl toprağı , bitki örtüsünün sey rekoluşunun bir sonucu olarak organikmadde bakımından fakirdir; fakat bunakarşın, çoğu kez mineral bak ım ındanzengindir.

A ) The lack of humus in desert soil, which isthe result of the meagre vegetation, isoffset by the rich mineral deposits.

B ) Desert soil is poor in organic materialbecause there is lit tle vegetation, but thereis usually an abundance of minerals.

C) Owing to the lack of vegetation, desert soilhas virtually no humus, but it does havevast mineral deposits.

D) As a result of sparse vegetation, desertsoil is poor in organic material but,nevertheless, it is often rich in minerals.

E) Though desert soil has rich mineraldeposits , the meagre vegetation means it iscompletely lacking in organic material.

42. - 46. sorularda, karşıl ıkl ıkonuşmanın boş b ırakı lan k ısm ındasöylenmiş o labilecek sözü bulunuz.


42. M a r k : T he new developments inadvert is ing techniques arereally very interesting.

Pet e r : - - - -

M a r k : Well, here’s one of the bigpetrol companies flaunt ing itscommitment to env ironmentalconsiderat ions.

Pet e r : Yes, that certainly is a newapproach.

A ) Give me an example.B ) I make a point of never believing an

advert isement.C) The techniques may have changed, but

have the aims?D) The aim of every advertisement is to

deceive.E) Perhaps. But how much are they costing

us?

43. Chr is : You know I’d love to spend aholiday in the Arctic.

Brian : - - - -

Chr is : No, certainly not. I’d go in thesummer season. And I ’m surethere would be lots to see.

Brian : True. But I prefer to see it all onthe TV.

A ) Actually. I would, too. If only to see thef lora.

B ) W hatever for? Just to be doing somethingdif ferent?

C) So would I. W e see the polar bears and theseals on TV, but it would be marvellous tosee them in reality.

D) W ell, yes if it weren’t for the cold!E) I couldn’t afford it. And I’ll be surprised if

you can.

44. J a m e s : What do you know about theuses of hydrogen peroxide?

Gary : It’s a bleach, isn’t it? And rathera harsh one at that.

J a m e s : - - - -

Gary : Oh! I certainly didn’t know allthat!

A ) That’s right. It is incompatible with mostcommon metals and so is usually stored inaluminium containers.

B ) But it has a great many other uses. W ouldyou like me to list them all for you?

C) Some say the Germans used it in the jetpropulsion unit of the M.E. 163 plane.

D) Strengths higher than 90% are obtained byrefrigeration techniques.

E) Yes. But it has a lot more uses. Forinstance, it’s used in anti-shrink treatmentsin textiles and as a germicide in cosmeticpreparations.

45. Pet e r : I can’t understand whyaluminium is so important inindustry. It’s so light.

Rober t : But that’s one of its greatadv antages.

Pet e r : - - - -

Rober t : It’s resistant to corrosion by,among other things, chemicalsand foodstuffs.

A ) W hat are some of its uses?B ) But why is it an advantage?C) But is it strong enough?D) Really? W hat’s another?E) Costwise. Is it economical?




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46. Mrs. Fenton : The sewing machine needsoiling. Will any oil do?

Mr. Fenton : No. Any oil will not do.

Mrs. Fenton : - - - -

Mr. Fenton : You are quite wrong. Theselection of the correctlubricant is extremely importantand depends on many factors.

A ) I used the baby’s oil last time, too.B ) W ell, you’d better do the job yourself.C) People are always talking about them but

do they do any good?D) So what oil wil l do?E) But why not? Surely oil is oil.

47. - 51. sorularda, parçada boşb ırakı lan yere uygun düşen ifadeyibulunuz.


47. The object of the air traffic controlofficers is to achieve the highestdensities in all parts of the controlled airspace that is consistent with safety andthe elimination of collision risk. ---- . Theamounts of the separation are partlydependent upon the means available fordetermining accurately the position andcourse of the various aircraft.A ) For purposes of air traf f ic control, air

space is divided and then subdividedB ) Military aviation originally held itself outside

any air traff ic control but for a long timenow this has not been practicable

C) They, therefore, direct the captains ofaircraft so as to maintain adequate verticaland horizontal separation between aircraf t

D) As these are within controlled air space apilot intending to fly along them must f ile aflight plan

E) The ‘f light progress strip’ gives anindication of what is happening to anyaircraft in the area

48. The Wankel engine has many advantagesover the reciprocating piston engine.Fewer mov ing parts are necessarybecause it produces a rotary movementwithout using a connecting rod and acrankshaft. ---- . In addition, it has novalves and it is smaller and lighter thanconventional engines of the same power.

A ) Though there are advantages, there arealso disadvantages

B ) Because of this rotary movement it has novibration

C) A fresh charge is then induced into thecylinder

D) The W ankel piston is triangular with curvedsides

E) Fuel enters the cylinder through the inletpor t

49. Thermal insulation is concerned with theproblem of reducing the transfer of heatfrom one place to another and dependsupon the thermal resistance of theinsulating medium. ---- . However, this isnot very satisfactory in an ordinary airspace because radiation is also involvedin the transfer of heat.

A ) Since air is a very poor conductor, an airgap, narrow enough to minimizeconvection, may be used for insulation

B ) Thermal conductivity is a term that is onlystric tly applicable to homogeneousmaterials

C) In general, the lighter the material per unitvolume, the greater its insulating value perunit thickness

D) The vertical air spaces used in insulatingbuildings are actually only about one thirdas thick

E) The optimum thickness must also be chosento avoid condensation of moisture insidethe walls




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50. Germination is the initiation of growth ina newly formed plant-structure, or theresumption of growth after a period ofrest, as in fungus and bacterial spores,but exemplified most vividly in seeds.---- . Growth is stopped and respiration isextremely slow. At germinat ion,development is resumed and there is aspectacular acceleration of function.

A ) The essential point about germination is thesudden change from a resting state to oneof intense activity

B ) The development of the new plant s tarts atferti lisation

C) Before full physiological activity can beresumed, the dehydrated tissues mustbecome ful ly turgid with water

D) As the embryo swells it ruptures the seedcoat

E) In the resting condition, the life processesare s lowed down to a minimum

51. Improved efficiency of the use of fuel is atheme to which more at tent ion has beengiven as the cost of fuel has increased.---- . The processing of raw fuel into theform in which it is to be used is another.

A ) The eff icient and economical use of fuels isindeed one of the chief aspects of thework of the fuel technologist

B ) Each type of fuel and each processnaturally has its own problems

C) There is a staff to advise on methods ofincreasing the eff iciency of the use of fuelin industry

D) It is well known that the probableresources of coal are very extensive

E) Fuel technology is now a recognized andeven an essential profession

52. - 56. sorularda, cümleler s ırasıylaokunduğunda anlam bütünlüğünübozan cümleyi bulunuz.


52. (I) Industrialisation came late to Italy.(II) Most of the industry is in the northalong the Po Valley and particularlyaround Turin, Genoa and M ilan. (III) Thiswas partly due to political reasons andpartly to the lack of basic raw materials.(IV) It was the availability of hydroelectricpower and a labour force capable ofacquiring the necessary ski lls, whichtogether brought about the rapiddevelopment in the 20th century.(V) Indeed, the industrial progress in Italyduring the 1950s has been described as‘miraculous’ .

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

53. (I) The simplest type of engineclassification is doubtless by referenceto the kind of fuel used. (I I) Nevertheless,reciprocating engines may be div idedmore fundamentally into those runningon the Otto cycle (spark ignition) andthose running on Akroyd’s and Diesel’scycles (compression ignition). ( I I I) Theformer are usually used for small scalepower generat ion. (IV) The latter, whichburn heavy oil, are of two types, slowspeed for ships and high speed formotor v ehicles. (V) Subsequent ly,improvements in engine design appearedat an amazing speed.


54. (I) The industrial revolution should beseen as a stil l continuing process.(II) It has now, however, taken a new turn.(I II) It used to be concerned largely withthe making of machines to replace humanlabour. (IV) The underlying mathematicaltheory for the handling of information is‘information theory.’ (V) The emphasisnow is on developing machines andinstruments to take over certain mentaltasks, in particular, the handling of allforms of data.





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55. (I) Most of our knowledge regarding thestructure of the ear th has been from thestudy of rocks. (I I) Nevertheless, thedeeper parts of the earth’s crust have ahigher temperature than the surface.(I I I) Surface rocks have been studied ashave those which can be reached inmines and through borings. (IV) Recenttechniques have made it possible to carrybore-holes down to depths of severalmi les. (V) In general, however, theseborings only reveal rocks comparable inage and character to those found at thesurface of the ground.


56. (I) It is hard to imagine a better means ofpreservation than entombment in amber.(I I ) Indeed, amber or hardened tree resinhas preserved organisms ranging f rombacteria to mammals for millions ofyears. (II I) It is clear that spiders, forinstance, had their fair share ofspecial ized enemies then as now.(IV) It surpassed ev en the finest grainsediments in its ability to retain details.(V) Deposi ts are found round the world,but amber from Hispaniola is especiallyfossi l- r ich.


5 dakika dinlenme arası .

Seçeneklerin izi say ın ız.




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57. - 80. sorular


Her bir metin ve buna ait 3 soruyucevaplamak için toplam 7.5 dakikaay ır ın ız.

57. - 59. sorular ı aşağıdaki parçayagöre cevaplay ın ız.

The Royal Society is the national Academyof Science for Great Britain and NorthernIreland but, unlike other nationalacademies, is and always has beenindependent of state control; it is notmaintained by grants from public fundsand manages its own affairs. Since itsfoundation, however, kings, statesmenand government depar tments hav eregularly sought its advice on scientificmatters; it has never hesitated to assistgovernments when convinced that thenational interest called for officialscientific action. Within ten years of itsfoundation the society, at the invitation ofCharles II and his ministers, grappledwith problems of national food supply,arboriculture, naval architecture andnavigation. Throughout the 18th century itworked with the admiral ty on what wasthen called ‘the problem of the longitude’in the solution of which are associatedthe names of the astronomers EdmondHalley and Nevil Maskelyne, thechronometer maker John Harr ison andthe navigator James Cook. It found a curefor jail fever and advised on theprotection of ships of war againstlightning; it organized a geodetic surveyof the British Isles and appointedscientific personnel to several arctic andantarctic expedi tions.

57. According to the passage the RoyalSociety, though it is a national academy,---- .

A ) is not dependent on the state for funds andso is free to act independently

B ) is only part ly f inanced by grants f rompublic funds

C) has never worked directly for kings orgovernment departments

D) is mainly concerned with navigation andindeed all naval matters

E) has of ten refused to act for thegovernment in an advisory capacity

58. It is clear from the passage that, as in thecase of ‘the problem of longitude’, theRoyal Society ---- .

A ) was obliged to advise the admiralty onprocedures for the tests it was making

B ) can command specif ic knowledge f rom avariety of f ields to assist in the solution ofmulti disciplinary problems

C) often failed to come up with a solution to aspecif ic problem

D) would only accept short-term commissionsas it felt that long-term ones threatened itsindependence

E) avoided, whenever it was at all possible todo so, involvement in schemes of nationalimportance

59. We understand from the passage that agreat many of the activ ities of the RoyalSociety ---- .

A ) are money-making schemes so that it canmaintain its independence

B ) are purely theoretical and have no practicalapplication

C) are actually forced upon it by kings orparliament though the members themselvesdo not like to admit this

D) are truly national in character, beingdesigned to benefit the people whetherdirectly or indirectly

E) amount to nothing more than recommendingsuitable people for specif ic situations




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The first flight by a power driven mannedaeroplane took place in 1903 and itssubsequent development as a mil itaryweapon was so rapid that all thebelligerents entered World War I totallyunprepared to defend themselv esagainst it . The first bombing raids,however, compelled the consideration ofanti-aircraft measures, and Britain, inparticular, attacked by Z eppelin airshipsand Gotha aircraft, was forced to developa range of specialized anti-aircraftequipment, which came to include guns,searchlights, sound-locators andpredictors, giving it a qualitativeascendancy in this field retained until theend of World War II. Indeed, the first nightattack on London caused such publicconsternation that its gun defences hadto be doubled within forty-eight hoursand, though they hit few planes, theirpresence was of great psychologicalvalue.

60. We understand from the passage that thedevelopment of aircraft as a weapon ofwar was so rapid that at the start ofWorld War I ---- .A ) most c ities had already been equipped with

searchlightsB ) anti-aircraft procedures had already been

formulatedC) no country had prepared itself to combat an

air attackD) Britain had enough specialized anti-aircraft

equipment to see her through to the end ofthe war

E) it was only in Germany that measures hadbeen taken to combat air attacks

61. It’s clear from the passage that onereason why Bri tain grew so competent inanti-aircraft tactics was ---- .

A ) the fact that, prior to the war, she alreadyhad the ascendancy in this f ield

B ) the absolute necessity of defending herselffrom bombing raids

C) because scientists realized that they had tokeep ahead in this f ield or the country’smoral would drop

D) that a great deal of research intopredictors had already been carried out

E) that the noise made by the GermanZeppelins was easy to recognize andlocate

62. The passage emphasizes that af ter thefirst night attack on London, ---- .

A ) enemy aircraf t were continually being shotd o w n

B ) the moral of the people there remained highC) the value of manned aircraft in time of war

was f inally admittedD) the city’s defence system was increased

twofold within a couple of daysE) it became increasingly diff icult for enemy

bombers to reach their targets




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Scient ists can now speed up the processof genetic change through biotechnology.Farmers need no longer wait patiently forbreeding to yield improved crops andanimals, nor must they even respectnatural lines of reproduction amongspecies. Laboratory scient ists can nowselect desirable traits from any of anumber of species and insert those t rai tsinto the genetic material of crops andanimals. Among the new products ofbiotechnology are tomatoes that stayfresh much longer than the usual onesand so promise less waste and higherprofi ts. Normally, tomatoes produce aprotein that sof tens them after they havebeen picked. Scientists introduce into atomato plant a gene that is a mirrorimage of the one that codes for the‘softening’ enzy me. T his gene fastensitself to the RNA of the native gene andblocks its action. A vine-ripe tomato withthis special gene rots more slowly than anormal tomato, al lowing growers toharvest at the most flavourful andnutrit ious red stage. The tomatoes wi llstill last much longer during shipping andmarketing than regular tomatoesharv ested when green.

63. As the passage points out, geneticchange is not a new phenomenon, but---- .A ) formerly it was only achieved by careful

breeding and was a long, slow processB ) it has only recently been applied to plantsC) farmers have only just s tarted to take an

interest in itD) but its advantages have only just become

obvious to farmersE) but the success-rate of inserting a desired

trait is not very high

64. We understand from the passage thatbiotechnology has produced a tomatothat stays fresh and firm much longerthan the normal tomato, ---- .

A ) and can be left on the vine almostindef initely

B ) but is far more expensive to produceC) because the ‘sof tening’ enzyme of the

normal tomato has been removed bygenetic engineering

D) especially if i t is harvested when it is greenE) by introducing a special gene that prevent

the ‘sof tening’ enzyme f rom functioning

65. One of the important advantages of thegenet ical ly engineered tomatoes asdescribed in the passage is that ---- .

A ) they contain a larger proportion of proteinthan the usual tomato

B ) they are far more nutritious than the normalones even when picked at the green stage

C) they can be picked when ripe and at theirtastiest, and won’t spoil in transport

D) the gene used to prevent rotting isperfectly s table

E) their appearance is far more attractive thanthat of other tomatoes




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To obtain power from the sun’s rays is touse nuclear power developed at noexpense in a laboratory 93 million milesaway. For the radiant energy of the sun ismaintained by nuclear t ransformation ofchemical elements occurring in the sun’sinterior at temperatures of many milliondegrees, and at pressures of manymil lion atmospheres. The resources ofsolar power are enormous. If 100 percent efficiency could be secured in thetransformation of radiant solar energyinto mechanical work, a horsepower persquare yard of ground surface would beavailable under cloudless skies. Theexpense of collecting solar energy stil lprevents its competi tion with the usualpower sources. Yet , unless the vaguepromise of safe thermonuclear powerf rom oceans becomes real ized, solarpower must supply the enormous andgrowing requirements of posteri ty wi thintwo centuries. Because the groundsources (coal, oil and uranium) as theynear exhaustion will become more cost lythan solar power.

66. The writer of the passage regards thesun ---- .A ) as both the largest and the cheapest

source of powerB ) as an ineff ic ient source of energy as cloud

prevents it from being effectiveC) as offering little more in the way of energy

for the future than thermonuclear powerD) as a far distant laboratory that produces

nuc lear powerE) as a source of power too vast and

dangerous to be tampered with or used

67. According to the passage, solar energy isnot presently used on a large scale ---- .

A ) since it could constitute a threat to theenvironment

B ) as even on c loudless days it cannot bemade to yield a great deal of power

C) even though it can be harnessed with 100per cent ef f ic iency

D) since the harnessing of thermonuclearpower from the oceans is felt to be moreprof itable

E) because the expense of harnessing it isnot economically viable

68. The passage contains a warning that ---- .

A ) such ground sources of energy as coaland oil will be used up by the nextgeneration

B ) solar energy could prove dangerous as it isa form of nuclear energy

C) future ages may have no option but thesun’s rays to meet their energyrequirements

D) thermonuclear power from oceans couldprove even more costly than solar power

E) the costs of harnessing solar power arenot likely to be reduced




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The design of ships is governed byscientific principles and economicconsiderations but in practice it has manyof the qualities of an art. The designermay be supplied wi th the precise anddetai led requirements of an owner or hemay receive only the barest outline ofrequirements such as the weight ofcargo to be carried and the speed. Thedimensions chosen and the maincharacter istics of the ship are governedby the trade in which the vessel is tocompete. High-density cargoes such asiron ore require little cubic capacity;low-density cargoes such as bananasrequire vast cubic capacity. The portswhich the vessel must enter may imposerestrictions on length and draught.Passage through canals may restrict bothdraught and breadth. The nature of thecargo may determine the size of cargoholds and of the hatchways throughwhich the cargo is loaded and unloaded.Available facilities at the ports to beentered affect the loading and unloadingapparatus to be installed in the vessel.

69. We understand from the passage that thesize of a ship ---- .A ) needs to be large if it is to have high-

density cargoesB ) will reflect the type of goods to be carriedC) is unimportant so long as it does not have

to pass through canalsD) has relatively l ittle bearing upon its costE) affects the system of loading and unloading

of the cargo

70. It is clear from the passage that, when aship is being ordered the designer isoften given a lot of freedom in the type ofdesign, but he will expect to be told ---- .

A ) something about what it is to carry andhow fast it is to travel

B ) the type of loading and unloading apparatusto install

C) something about the route it will normallyf o l l ow

D) the exact dimensions that are requiredE) exactly how big the cargo holds should be

71. According to the passage, a great manyfactors have to be considered in thedesign of a ship ---- .A ) of which economic matters are the least

importantB ) and no designer is prepared to accept just

a simple outline of requirementsC) but one of the least important is the cubic

capacity needed for the cargoD) including regulations and conditions in the

ports it will call in atE) in particular the relationship between

length and breadth




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Erosion is regarded not merely as thephysical removal of soil by water andwind, but rather as the deterioration of allthe component parts of the habitat inwhich man and his crops and livestockhave to exist. Since there is noconclusive evidence for any majorclimatic change in historic times toexplain th is deter iorat ion, we mustconclude that the eroding of the totalenv ironment has been due primarily tothoughtless destruction of the vegetativecover. This has led to deterioration of themicroclimate above and below thesurface, generally in the direction of ageneral drying out of the soil which hasexposed it to erosive action of wind andrainfall of high intensity or frequency, andto the loss of organic matter in the soil,thus reducing its capacity to resisterosion by conserving the water that fallson the surface. If everything possible isdone within the total environment toconserve the naturally planted orcultivated vegetation, this will alsoensure opt imal conservation of soil andwa te r.

72. It is argued in the passage that theimpover ishment of the world’s habitat---- .A ) is f irst and foremost due to man’s

irresponsible abuse of the vegetable coverof the earth

B ) is largely due to gradual changes in climateover long years

C) became inevitable as soon as agriculturaland animal husbandry developed

D) cannot be remediedE) has been needlessly exaggerated

73. The definition of erosion given in thispassage ---- .

A ) is a strictly regional oneB ) disregards man’s role in itC) concentrates on f loodingD) assumes that the process is inevitableE) is a broad one

74. It is pointed out in the passage that theloss of organic matter in the soil ---- .

A ) led to the destruction of the world’svegetative cover

B ) is a direct result of insuff icient rainC) is an irrevers ible processD) has made the soil more susceptible to

eros ionE) came about through overplanting which

robbed the soil of nutr ients




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The world’s nuclear plants haveaccumulated vast stocks of highlyradioactive waste. Wor ldwide, h igh- lev elwaste is currently stored above ground,and no government has a clear policy onits eventual disposal . Whi le most expertsbelieve that burying the waste is thesafest bet in the long term, the problemis finding sites that everyone can agreeare geologically stable. Decayingradioactive isotopes release heat. As aresult , high-lev el waste must beconstantly cooled; otherwise, it becomesdangerously hot. This is why manyexperts want to store waste aboveground until it has decayed and is coolenough to be stored safely in sealedreposi tor ies sev eral hundreds of metresbelow ground. According to one recenttheory, howev er, waste should belowered down boreholes dr illed to 4kilometres. The trick is to exploit heatgenerated by the waste to fuse thesurrounding rock and contain any leakingradioactivity.

75. It is clear from the passage that the safedisposal of radioactive waste ---- .A ) has been satisfactorily dealt with by

scientis ts in conjunction with governmentsB ) is a problem that each government must

decide on for its own countryC) remains a global problem of great

magnitudeD) is a problem that has not attracted enough

attentionE) will in all likelihood soon be resolved, and a

clear policy agreed on by concernedgovernments

76. As it is pointed out in the passage, manyexperts are of the opinion that radioactivewaste --- - .

A ) should never be stored underground as itcan not then be monitored

B ) should not be stored underground while theradioactive isotopes continue to let offsubstantial amounts of heat

C) does not require to be cooled when storedabove ground

D) cannot be safely disposed of anywhereand the problem of what to do with itintensif ies as the amount increases

E) can be safely left to cool downunderground in sealed repositories

77. T he passage describes a new method,still only a theoretical one, for thedisposal of radioactive waste, ---- .

A ) which uses bore holes so that all sites aresuitable

B ) at a depth considerably less than thatnormally recommended but the chosen s itemust meet certain geological requirements

C) which, unfortunately, increases the t imeneeded for cooling the waste before f inaldisposal

D) in which the radioactive isotopes areprevented from releasing heat

E) whereby the heat produced by that wastewill serve to seal it safely into the rockunder which it has been buried




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Sounds produced by continuous vibrationtones are spread as waves ofcompression through the air. Wherethere is a solid boundary such as thewalls of a room the sound waves areref lected so that the sounds within theroom are prolonged beyond what theywould be in the open. The soundsproduced by the voice or by a musicalinstrument then reverberate through theroom after the actual tone production hasceased. When the sound waves st rike thewal ls some of the sound energy trav elson and is either absorbed in the materialor may penetrate to the other side; butwith the usual hard, unyielding walls ofwhich most bui ld ings are made, morethan 90% of the sound energy is reflectedback into the room at each impact, so thatsome time must elapse before al l isspent. It is this reverberation which, inits excess, is the prime cause of thefaulty acoustics of many pre 20th centurybuild ings.

78. We understand from the passage thatreverberat ion -- -- .A ) is never taken into account in questions of

acous ticsB ) is less obvious in an enclosed spaceC) occurs within an enclosed space such as a

roomD) is of equally short duration both indoors

and outdoorsE) has duration equal to that of the tone

production

79. It is emphasized in the passage that, untilthe 20th century ---- .

A ) the sounds produced by musicalinstruments could not be properlycontrolled

B ) there was among scientis ts, a great deal ofcontroversy as regards the importance ofreverberation

C) there was an unaccountable def ic iency ofreverberation in every major building

D) good acoustics were absent in the majorityof buildings

E) acoustics were a primary concern in thedesign of all buildings

80. It is explained in the passage that only avery small percentage of the soundwav es --- - .

A ) can pass through a wall made of f irm andresistant material

B ) does actually travel back towards itssource at each impact

C) can be accurately measured for acousticpurposes

D) has a damaging effect upon the acousticsof a room

E) can last longer than the actual toneproduction itself

• Kalan 30 dakika sürenin 15 dakikasını hiçbakamadığın ız sorular içinkullanabilirsiniz. Daha önce üzerindeuğraşt ığın ız sorulara tekrar geridönmey iniz .

• Son 15 dakikal ık süreyi asla soruçözerek geçirmeyiniz. Bu süre zarf ındaseçenekler inizi sayın ız ve boş b ırakt ığın ızsorular ı , cevap kağıd ın ızda sayıca en azçıkan seçeneğe göre işaretleyiniz.

TEST BİTT İ.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ.


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ÜDS DENEME SINAVIFEN BİLİMLERİ - 8CEVAP ANAHTARI


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YABANCI KELİMELER

Soru 1. flavouring = tatlandırıcıpreservative = koruyucudecay = yıkılma, çürüme, bozulma, azalma, collapse, corrosion, degeneration, decline

Soru 2. link = bağlanmak, bağlantı kurmak, birleştirmek, connect, combine, zıt anl. = detachbe composed of = —den oluşmak, —den ibaret olmak, comprise, consist of

Soru 3. obstinately = inatla, dik başlılıkla, stubbornlyinstantly = hemen, anında, urgently, immediatelychiefly = başlıca, en çok, her şeyden önce, mostly, above all

Soru 4. keep ahead = yakından izlemek, üstünlüğü korumak, başlarda yer almakrepresentative = örnek, tipik, exemplary, typicalobscure = belirsiz, bulanık, karanlık, dim, mysterious, zıt anl. = clearforeseen = önceden sezilmiş/görülmüş, predictedinformed = bilgili, haberdar, knowledgeable

Soru 5. prediction = tahmin, kestirimmake up = düzenlemek, hazırlamak, oluşturmak, uydurmak, compose, form, inventbear out = 1) desteklemek, support; 2) dışarı taşımak, carry outclose in = 1) (sinsice) yaklaşmak, approach; 2) (gündüz, gün ışığı) kısalmak, azalmaksort out = 1) düzenlemek, sınıflandırmak, classify; 2) (sorun vs.) çözmek, yolunakoymak, settle

Soru 6. take care of = gözetmek, bakmak, attendturn up = 1) (radyo, müzik vs.) sesini yükseltmek, 2) (beklenmedik bir şekilde) ortayaçıkmak, gelmekkeep off = uzak durmak, stay away fromgive rise to = neden olmak, sonucunu doğurmak, causebe concerned with = ile ilgili olmak

Soru 7. get off = 1) (bir taşıttan) inmek; 2) paçayı kurtarmak, (birini) cezadan kurtarmakhold up = geciktirmek, engellemek, delay, obstructsend off = (mektup, paket vs.) göndermek, postaya vermek; 2) yolcu etmekcome up with = (karşılık, yanıt, fikir vs.) bulmak, ortaya atmak, önermek, think of,suggestturn away = 1) (kapıdan vs.) geri çevirmek; 2) reddetmek, refuse

Soru 8. diverse = çeşitli, farklı, different, various

Soru 10. conduction = ısının katı maddelerde parçacıktan parçacığa geçerek iletilmesiconvection = sıvı veya gaz dalgalanması yoluyla ısı iletimiradiation = yüksek hızlı parçacık veya elektromanyetik dalgalar yoluyla enerji iletimi

Soru 11. pile foundation = kazıklı temelcommercial = ticariin fulfilment of = gerçekleştirmek/yerine getirmek içinin accordance with = —e uygun olarak, gereğince


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Soru 12. commit = 1) söz vermek, taahhüt etmek, pledge; 2) (suç vs.) işlemek; (intihar vs.)etmekgiant = devasa, çok büyük, huge, gigantic, zıt anl. = miniaturecommence = başlamak, begin, start, set out, zıt anl. = cease, finish, terminate

Soru 13. assume = 1) farz etmek, varsaymak, suppose; 2) (iş, görev vs.) üstlenmek, undertakeplant = santral, fabrikaconform (to/with) = uymak, —e uygun davranmak, comply with, abide by, zıt anl. =object to, oppose, conflictviolation = (yasa, kural vs.) ihlal, breach

Soru 14. warn = uyarmak, ikaz etmek, ihtar etmek

Soru 15. consistent = tutarlı, steady, undeviating, zıt anl. = changing, inconsistent

Soru 16. take into consideration = dikkate almak, göz önünde bulundurmak, keep in mindoutset = başlangıçdemonstrate = kanıtlamak, göstermek, illustrate, depict

Soru 18. advent = geliş, başlama, arrival, beginning, zıt anl. = departure, endon a large scale = geniş çaptainstallation = kurma, döşeme; tesisat, tertibat, düzen, establishment; fittinghalt = dur(dur)mak, stop, zıt anl. = start

Soru 20. endangered = tehdit altındakiextinct = nesli bitmiş

Soru 21. be marked by = ile belirginleşmekprogressive = derece derece, tedrici

Soru 22. monitor = izlemek, denetlemek, observe, supervisecomponent = unsur, öğe, parça, eleman, ingredient, partability = yetenek, kabiliyet, capability, capacity, zıt anl. = inadequacy, limitationfulfil = yerine getirmek, yapmak, accomplish, satisfy, meet, zıt anl. = fail to meet

Soru 23. fall into disrepute = adı kötüye çıkmak, gözden düşmekcompartment = bölüm, kısım, bölmeorderly = düzenli, düzgün, sistemli, regulated, zıt anl. = disorderlyfashion = şekil, waydrain = suyunu akıtmak, kurutmak, drenaj yapmak

Soru 24. device = alet, aygıtstickiness = yapışkanlıkprey = aventice = kendine çekmek, ayartmak, kandırmak, luretrap = kapan, tuzakpitcher = yaprakları ibrik şeklinde olan

Soru 25. core = merkez bölgesi, göbekscreen = perdelemek

Soru 26. inert = hareketsiz, eylemsizrecognise = 1) farkına varmak, realise, be aware of; 2) tanımak, identifyimperfectly = eksik, kusurlu bir şekilde, kısmen, partially


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Soru 27. slender = ince uzunmassive = büyük çapta, muazzam, enormous, immense, zıt anl. = tinypier = (binada) koloninflammable = yanıcı, alev alır, tutuşurpromising = umut verici, geleceği parlak, hopeful, bright, zıt anl. = unfavourableconception = kavram, düşünce, görüş, concept, idea, notionrejection = ret, geri çevirme

Soru 28. in consequence = (bunun) sonucunda, (buna) bağlı olarak, as a resultentirely = tamamen, bütünüyle, completely, zıt anl. = partiallylayer = tabakapostulate = gerçek olduğunu varsaymak

Soru 29. infer from = —den anlamak/çıkarmak, —den sonuç çıkarmak, gather, deducedetection = bulma, ortaya çıkarmasophisticated = ileri düzeyde, gelişmiş, komplike, advance, complex, subtle, zıt anl. =naïvebe underway = yapılmakta olmakcome to the fore = ön plana çıkmak

Soru 30. predict = tahmin etmek, öngörmek, anticipate, guessdisaster = felaket, yıkım, afet, catastrophe, tragedyaccurately = doğru, tam (olarak), correctly, exactly, zıt anl. = inaccurately, erroneouslyprevention = önleme, engelleme, avoidance, protectionelude = kaçmak, kaçınmak, —den sıyrılmak, escape, evadetake a heavy toll of = çok zarar vermek, büyük bir kayba neden olmakshield = korumak, siper olmak, protecthurricane = kasırga, hortumuntold = tarifsiz, hesapsızsuffering = acı, keder, cefalethal = öldürücü, ölümcülrelease = salma, dışarı verme, yayma, dischargepreventable = önlenebilir

Soru 31. heat resistant = ısıya dayanıklıornamentally = süs olarak, süsleme amacıyla

Soru 42. flaunt = gösteriş yapmak, hava atmakcommitment = vaat, taahhüt, söz, yükümlülük, pledge, obligationconsideration = ilgi, düşünce, özen, solicitude, zıt anl. = unconcern, disregardmake a point of = özen göstermekaim = hedef, amaç, goal, targetdeceive = aldatmak, mislead, delude

Soru 43. flora = bitey, bitki örtüsüpolar bear = kutup ayısıseal = fokafford = (bir şey) yapmaya gücü/parası yetmek, (maliyetini) karşılayacak durumdaolmak

Soru 44. bleach = beyazlatıcı maddeincompatible (with) = (ile) bağdaşmaz, uyuşmaz, conflicting, unsuitable, zıt anl. =compatiblepropulsion = itici güçanti-shrink = (kumaşlarda) çekme önleyici


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treatment = 1) işlem, işleme, muamele; 2) tedavigermicide = mikrop öldürücü

Soru 45. foodstuff = yiyecek maddesicostwise = maliyet açısından

Soru 46. sewing machine = dikiş makinesi

Soru 47. object = amaç, hedef, purpose, goal, objectiveelimination = ortadan kaldırma, eleme, çıkartmacollision = çarpışma, çatışmaseparation = ayırma, birbirinden uzaklaştırmacourse = yön, rotapracticable = uygulanabilir, yapılabilir, elverişli, possibleintend = niyet etmek, tasarlamak, planlamak, aim, planfile = (resmi) işleme koymak, dosya halinde teslim etmek, dosyalamakstrip = hava sahası şeridiindication = belirti, delil, gösterge, işaret, evidence, hint

Soru 48. reciprocating = karşılık gelen, dengi olanrotary = dönel, (bir eksen etrafında) dönenconventional = gelenekselinduce = (elektrik akımı) meydana getirmek

Soru 49. insulation = yalıtım, izolasyonstrictly = tartışmasızca, tamamen, exclusively, entirelyapplicable = uygulanabilir

Soru 50. germination = filizlenme, çimlenmeinitiation = başlangıç, başlatmaresumption = yeniden başlama, sürdürmefungus = mantarexemplify = örnek olmak, örneğiyle açıklamakvividly = çok canlı/güçlü bir şekilde, lively, clearly, zıt anl. = vaguelyrespiration = soluma, hava alıp vermeresume = yeniden başlamak, kalınan yerden devam etmek, restart, carry on, zıt anl. =abandon, suspendacceleration = hız arttırma, giderek hızlanmaessential = asıl, esas, temel, zaruri, vital, crucial, fundamental, zıt anl. = incidental,peripheralintense = şiddetli, güçlü, fierce, powerful, zıt anl. = mildfertilization = dölleme, gübrelemedehydrate = suyunu almak, kurutmaktissue = dokuturgid = şişmişswell = şişmek, kabarmak, expand, zıt anl. = contractrupture = kırmak, yırtmak, break, tear apartseed coat = tohum kabuğu

Soru 51. recognised = kabul gören

Soru 52. acquire = elde etmek, kazanmak, gain, obtain, zıt anl. = forfeit, losebring about = meydana getirmek, sebep olmak, give rise, produceprogress = ilerleme, gelişme, advancemiraculous = mucizevî, doğaüstü


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Soru 53. doubtless = kuşkusuzby reference to = —e göre, —e ilişkin olaraknevertheless = yine de, bununla birlikte, however, even soscale = ölçekgeneration (elektrik vs.) üretimsubsequently = sonraları, daha sonra, afterwards, zıt anl. = previously

Soru 54. take a new turn = yeni bir dönemece gelmek, yeni bir şekle bürünmekunderlying = altında yatan, temelindekihandle = işlemek, kullanmak, ele almak, manipulate, manageemphasis = önem, vurgu, importance, significancetake over = (işi, yönetimi, nöbeti vs.) devralmak, egemen olmak, assume, predominate,zıt anl. = abandon, obey

Soru 55. boring = sondajbore-hole = sondaj deliğireveal = göstermek, açığa vurmak, ortaya çıkarmak, tell, show, disclose, zıt anl. =conceal, hide

Soru 56. entombment = gömme, mezar olmaamber = kehribarresin = reçinehad their fair share of = —den paylarına düşeni eksiksiz aldılarsurpass = geçmek, geride bırakmak, exceed, overweigh, zıt anl. = fall behindgrain = tahılretain = tutmak, alıkoymak, keep, hold, zıt anl. = give up

57.-59. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)grant = burs, ödenek, tahsisat, bağışfoundation = kuruluşhesitate = çekinmek, duraksamakconvince = inandırmak, ikna etmek, persuade, talk intocall for = (bir şey) istemek, (bir şeyi) gerektirmek, ask, requiregrapple with = boğuşmakarboriculture = ağaç ve fidan yetiştirmenaval = denizle ilgilinavigation = deniz veya uçak yolculuğu, seyrüseferadmiralty = amiralliklongitude = boylambe associated (with) = ile ilgisi/ilişkisi olmak, be affiliated/connected withjail fever = hapishane gibi kalabalıkgeodetic survey = arazi ölçümüisle = ada

Soru 57. in an advisory capacity = danışman sıfatıyla

Soru 58. oblige = mecbur etmek, zorunlu/yükümlü kılmak, compel, obligatecommand = hâkim olmak, tasarrufunda/kontrolünde bulunmak, administer, controlmultidisciplinary = birçok bilim dalını ilgilendirencommission = görev, işthreaten = tehdit etmek, gözdağı vermek, warn, jeopardise, zıt anl. = relieve, protectinvolvement = katılma, içinde yer/rol almaforce on/upon = zorla vermek/yüklemek, enforceadmit = itiraf etmek, kabul etmek, accept, allow, zıt anl. = deny, rejectamount to = ile eşanlamlı olmak, anlamına gelmek, correspond to, zıt anl. = differ from


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60. - 62. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)belligerent = savaşan güçraid = baskın, akıncompel = zorlamak, mecbur etmek, force, obligemeasure = önlempredictor = uçaksavar atış noktasını belirleyen aletqualitative = nitel, niteleyiciascendancy = üstünlük, güçconsternation = şaşkınlık, korku, dehşet

Soru 60. combat = savaşmak, mücadele etmek, fight, struggle, zıt anl. = surrender, compromisesee through = (zor bir durumda) desteklemek, yardım etmek, support, help

Soru 61. competent = ehil, yetenekli; yetkili, capable, able, zıt anl. = incompetent, unable

Soru 62. twofold = iki misli

63. - 65. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)speed up = hızlandırmak, acceleratebreeding = (bitki ve hayvan türleri) ıslah etmeyield = (ürün, sonuç) vermek, (kar, kazanç) getirmek, producereproduction = üremeinsert = sokmak, içine koymak, embed, implantpromise = 1) (bir olguya) işaret etmek, (bir şeyin olacağını) vaat etmek; 2) söz vermekfasten = bağlamak, tutturmak, iliştirmek, affix, attachvine = sarmaşık yapılı, (kazığa vs.) tutunarak büyüyen bitkiripe = olgunrot = çürümekflavourful = lezzetlinutritious = besleyici

Soru 64. indefinitely = belirsiz bir süre için, sürekli, continually, zıt anl. = temporarilyremove = ortadan kaldırmak, kaldırmak, çıkarmak, take away, eliminate, zıt anl. =install

Soru 65. proportion = oran, orantı, nispet, percentage, zıt anl. = disproportionspoil = boz(ul)mak, berbat etmek, ruin, impair, zıt anl. = enhance, help

66. - 68. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)interior = iç, iç kısımenormous = muazzam, çok büyük miktarlarda, immense, zıt anl. = minimalsecure = güvence altına almak, ele geçirmek, sağlamak, ensurecompetition = yarışma; rekabetvague = belirsiz, bulanık, şüpheli, dim, obscure, zıt anl. = definedposterity = gelecek kuşaklar, next generationexhaustion = bitme, tükenme

Soru 66. distant = uzaktamper with = oynamak, kurcalamak, fiddle with, manipulate

Soru 67. constitute = 1) oluşturmak, comprise, make up; 2) kurmak, tesis etmek, establishthreat = tehditharness = (doğal bir gücü dizginleyerek) yararlanmak, kullanmak, employ, utilizeviable = (bir şeyi) yapmaya/başarmaya gücü yeten, muktedir, feasible, practicable, zıtanl. = unachievable


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Soru 68. use up = bitirmek, tüketmek, deplete, run through

69. - 71. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)govern = yönetmek, yönlendirmek, etkisi altında olmak, administer, guide, influencebare = yalın, çıplak, basit, mereoutline = taslak, sketch, draftvessel = gemi, teknecompete = rekabet etmek, yarışmak, rivalimpose on/upon = zorla kabul ettirmek, dayatmak, (yasa, kural, yaptırım vs.)uygulamak, obtrude onrestriction = kısıtlama, limitationdraught = geminin çektiği su, su kesimipassage = geçişcargo hold = kargo ambarıhatchway = ambar ağzıload = yüklemekunload = boşaltmakapparatus = düzenek

Soru 69. reflect = yansıtmak, göstermek, showso long as = sürece, müddetçe, as long asbearing = ilgi, ilişki, ilinti

Soru 71. call in (at) = uğramak

72. - 74. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)merely = sadece, yalnızca, just, solelydeterioration = kötüleşme, bozulma, decline, worsening, zıt anl. = enhancement,improvementhabitat = doğal ortamlivestock = çiftlik hayvanlarıconclusive = kesin, son, nihai, definite, final, zıt anl. = questionable, uncertainevidence = kanıt, delil, proof, clueconclude = 1) sonuç çıkarmak, determine; 2) bitirmek, sonuçlandırmak, completeerode = erozyona uğramakvegetative = bitkiselintensity = yoğunluk, keskinlik, şiddetconserve = korumak, (enerji, güç vs.) saklamak, dikkatli, tutumlu kullanmak,economise, zıt anl. = wasteensure = garanti etmek, sağlamak, temin etmek, secure, guarantee

Soru 72. impoverishment = fakirleşme, yoksullaşmaforemost = en önemli, başta gelenabuse = kötüye kullanma, yolsuzluk, suiistimal, misuse, corruptionanimal husbandry = hayvancılıkremedy = çaresini bulmak, düzeltmek, cure, treat, restoreneedlessly = gereksiz yereexaggerate = abartmak, overemphasise, zıt anl. = minimize

Soru 73. flooding = su basması

Soru 74. insufficient = yetersiz, eksik, inadequate, zıt anl. = sufficient, enough, ampleirreversible = geri döndürülemezsusceptible = kolaylıkla etkilenen, dirençsiz, vulnerable, non-resistant, zıt anl. =resistantrob (of) = yağma/talan etmek


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75. - 77. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)eventual = daha sonraki, nihai, future, consequentbet = bahisseal = sızdırmayacak şekilde kapamak, mühürlemekrepository = ambar, depofuse = eritmekleak = sızmak

Soru 75. in conjunction with = ile birlikte, ile bağlantılı olarak, together within all likelihood = büyük bir olasılıklaresolve = 1) çözmek, solve; 2) karar vermek, decide; 3) azalmak, iyiye gitmek, recover

Soru 76. substantial = önemli, bol, important, ampledispose of = yok etmek, bertaraf etmekintensify = şiddetlen(dir)mek, yoğunlaş(tır)mak, aggravate, concentrate, zıt anl. =lessen

Soru 77. considerably = epeyce, oldukça, significantly, substantially, zıt anl. = slightly

78. - 80. sorular (Metinde geçen yabancı kelimeler)boundary = sınırprolong = uzatmak, sürdürmek, extend, carry on, zıt anl. = shortenreverberate = yankılanmak, aksetmekstrike = çarpmakpenetrate = girmek, içine işlemek, nüfuz etmek, enter, get in, go throughunyielding = sert, mukavim, geçit vermezelapse = (zaman) geçmek

Soru 78. enclosed = kapalıduration = süre, süreklilik, term, continuity

Soru 79. unaccountable = anlaşılmaz, hesabı verilmez

Soru 80. firm = sıkı, sert, sağlam, rigid, solid, zıt anl. = flexible


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