Objective of an efficient materials management. The objective of an efficient materials management...
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![Page 1: Objective of an efficient materials management. The objective of an efficient materials management is to provide the right materials (tools, work tools,](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081901/5a4d1b5b7f8b9ab0599ab254/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Objective of an efficient materials management
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The objective of an efficient materials management is to provide
• the right materials (tools, work tools, spare parts, supplies)
• at the right time• at the right place• in the right amount• and the right quality.
Measure of effectivenessThe materials management must subordinate all acts to economic efficiency!
Measure of efficiency
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The stages on the way to efficient materials management
1. Precise definition of objectives
2. Specification of requirements
3. Choice of methods and instruments
4. Measurement of performanceAim
Starting point
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Specification of requirements
Concrete order requisition
Defined availability
Specified quality requirement
Organization
Storage strategies
Procurement strategies
Storage locations
Storage quantity
Minimal costs
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Influencing factors
Technology Market Regulations
Maintenance requirements
Maintenance strategy
Requirements for the maintenance materials management
determine
determines
determines
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Clarification of requirements and definition of the design
• Implementation of an plant structuration• - with identification of risks• - and determination of reaction times
• Determination of value and consumption frequency• Determination of procurement opportunities
What is needed where and how fast do i need it?
How is it most favourable to provide?
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The principal issues of an efficient materials management
• Stock storage or order if required?• Where is to be stored?• What are the safety stocks?• When is the order initiation?• How big should be the procurement quantities?
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Determinants of storage strategy
Procurement costs
Reaction timesProcurement
market
Contribution margins
Storage costs
Buffer capacities
Storage possibilities
Standards Consumption pattern
Store or order if required?
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Assessment of production lossesPrerequisites:• No personal injury, no environmental- or product damage and no damage
to the system caused by the loss of production• Assessment of risk of customer loss
- Revenues minus variable costs, taking into acount existing buffer capacities
-Cost of storage bins and warehouse management- Imputed Interest-Possibly calculatory depreciation
Which contribution margins can escape us?
What storage costs we save?
Decisions by comparison of contribution margins and inventory costs
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Storage locations
• In any case a central warehouse management system• Fundamentally a central warehouse due to lower costs• For material with low value for regularly recurring activities
(usually operating materials and working aids) hand bearings close by the respective point of use are justifiable
Central warehouse-Low administrative costs-Lower storage amount-Higher inventory turnover-Higher utilization
Decentralized storage-Short transport routes-Short transportation times
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Importance of stock materials
Determination of the importance of stock materials based on the ABC-analysisProcedure1. Determination of the annual consumption value (the product of value and consumption frequency) of the stock materials2. Sorting of the material in descending order by annual consumption value3. Determination of the cumulative annual consumption values4. Drawing of reasonable limits
10-15% of the materials 70-80% of the value A-materials
30-40% of the materials 15-20% of the value B-materials
50-60% of the materials 5-10% of the value C-materials
Concentration of effort on A-materials, referring to optimal inventory levels and inventory tracking
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Example of an ABC-analysis
Material Consumption value
Cumulated share of the number of materials[%]
Cumulated share of consumption value[%]
Classification
4 580 10,0 48,54 A
7 250 20,0 69,46 A
2 160 30,0 82,85 B
10 100 40,0 91,21 B
6 30 50,0 93,72 C
8 25 60,0 95,82 C
5 20 70,0 97,49 C
9 15 80,0 98,74 C
1 10 90,0 99,58 C
3 5 100,0 100,00 C
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1000
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
4
7
2
10 6 8 5 9 1 3
Cumulated share of the number of materials
Cum
ulat
ed sh
are
of c
onsu
mpti
on v
alue
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Determination of ordering times
consumption curve
Reorder point
Safety stock level
t
stock
Replenishment time Buffer
Regular Consumption
order
incoming goods
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Sporadic consumption
- Predictable time of need Order at the time of need
- Random time of need Storage strategy in consideration of efficiency
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Order quantity
Large quantities…• …offer price advantages through high discounts• …mean lower specific transport costs• …lead to low specific ordering costs• …lead to high storage costs• …represent a high capital commitment (and high imputed
interest on the average stock)• …increse the risk of technical obsolescence of inverntories
because of the low stock turnoverSmall quantities…• …behave exactly reverse
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Determination of the optimal order quantity
Order quantity
Order value
Order costs / year
Transport costs / year
Storage costs / year
Capital costs / year
Total costs / year
1 100 3000 10000 50 5 13055
3 300 1000 3333 150 15 4498
5 500 600 2000 250 25 2875
10 1000 300 1000 500 50 1850
15 1500 200 667 750 75 1692
25 2500 120 400 1250 125 1895
50 5000 60 200 2500 250 3010
100 10000 30 100 5000 500 5630
Example-Value per piece 100 €-Annual requirement 100 pieces-Constant consumption
-Order costs 30 €-Transport costs 100 €-Storage space 100 € / year-Imputed interest rate 10 %
Economic order quantity
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5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 250
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500Total costs / year
Order- and transport costs
Storage- and capital costs
Optimum
Graphical determination of the optimal order quantityco
sts
order quantity
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Potentials to reduce costs in materials management
• Check requirements to maintenance due to market requirements periodically and orientate the materials management towards the requirements
• Check online-order opportunities with fixed delivery promises• Conduct regular inventory analysis with professional
warehouse management systems• Consider potentials from the standardization already at the
construction of new plants
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Conclusion
The assessment of efficiency is possible only under definition and considerations of the objectives
The objectives result from the requirements of the primary process (Production). Market, technology and regulations determine the maintenance strategy
The maintenance strategy determines the requirements to the materials management. Without knowledge or specification of the strategy no efficient materials management!
As market conditions change dynamically, the materials management must be reviewed regularly in terms of their effectiveness and efficiency
An efficient design of materials management in maintenance is possible only under the following principles: