Microbes – they are everywhere!Objective 1 Terms: intro to microbes and cells

microbe prokaryotic celleukaryotic cell organismnucleus deoxyribonucleic acidchromosome organelle

Objective 2 Terms: Bacteria

bacteria nutritionreproduce enzymeosmosis asexual reproductionbinary fission symbiosis

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IekdfJ-7Zyk (Mahalo and cells)

MICROBESA microbe is any microscopic organism The oldest form of life on earth were microbes fossils were found that date back more than 3.5 billion years ago = Cyanobacteria – oldest fossils whose ancestors today still produce O2 thru photosynthesis

Human cells?

Bacteria false-coloured scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of symbiotic human intestinal bacteria (NIH Human Microbiome

Project Defines Normal Bacterial Makeup of the Body, 2012)

Chromosomes – wound up DNA

Domain?Kingdom?

http://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/our-microbial-auras-follow-us-everywhere-we-go home fingerprint)

Dinner Time! Bacteria "eat" everything: organics, inorganics,

solar power (photosynthetic) Release enzymes that chop up the food Ingestion through osmosis.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sg1eFxZjTTQ

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e., increase the rates of) chemical reactions

Reproduction: Binary Fission

Use asexual reproduction

Binary Fission

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6akNYlkehY (real time)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cD3U2pgb5w

Pathogens Tuberculosis is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis One-third of

world’s population is infected and it remains the top infectious killer of people only secondary to HIV (Smaill, 2013)

The current vaccine for TB was developed in 1920‘s

“In 2013, 9 million people fell ill with TB and 1.5 million died from the disease” (WHO

Tuberculosis Fact sheet N°104 Updated October 2014)

the light-sensitive green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium can act together with Geobacter, an electron moving bacterium.

“when you put these two organisms together, you get both a light response and the ability to generate an electric current.“ (Harth 2013)

Bacteria only have three different shapes: rod, sphere and spiral.

Most of the bacteria we will see are rod-shaped

Identifying bacteria using a microscope

Bacteria & communication1. What were the researchers investigating

question?

2. What was the method used?

3. What did they learn?

4. How does this apply to humans and disease?

http://www.ted.com/talks/bonnie_bassler_on_how_bacteria_communicate

Homework Each group choose one harmful or one

beneficial bacteria Research and make a poster on the

bacteria that includes: A picture Name Describe how the bacteria is helpful or

harmful (2-3 sentences) Any relevant statistcs Any interesting info on the bacteria

Bibliography Harth, Richard. "Working Together: Bacteria Join

Forces to Produce Electricity | ASU News." ASU News. Arizona State University, 8 Oct. 2013. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. <https://asunews.asu.edu/20131008-bacteria-electricity>.

"NIH Human Microbiome Project Defines Normal Bacterial Makeup of the Body." U.S. National Library of Medicine, 18 June 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. <http://www.nih.gov/news/health/jun2012/nhgri-13.htm>.

Smaill F. et al. 2013. A Human Type 5 Adenovirus–Based Tuberculosis Vaccine Induces Robust T Cell Responses in Humans Despite Preexisting Anti-Adenovirus Immunity. Sci. Transl. Med. 5, 205ra134; doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006843