OATS AND ITS

PROCESSING.

By-Aditya V. Botkar.

It is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed.The oats are suitable

for human consumption as oatmeal and rolled oats.

One of the most common uses is as livestock feed.

Oats make up a large part of the diet of horses and are regularly fed to

cattle as well.

Oats are also used in some brands of dog and chicken feed.

Oats are grown in lower summer heat requirement and greater

tolerance of rain than other cereals, such as wheat, rye or

barley, so are particularly important in areas with cool, wet

summers, such as Northwest Europe.

They are even being grown successfully in Iceland.

Oats are grown in upper valleys of Himalayas, such as in the

Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.

Top Five Oats Producers (In 2005)

(million tonne)

Russia 5.1

Canada 3.3

United States 1.7

Poland 1.3

Finland 1.2

Scientific classification

Kingdom:-Plantae

Order: -Poales

Family:- Poaceae

Genus:- Avena

Species:- A. sativa

Biological name:-Avena sativa

Oats have numerous uses in food; most commonly, they are

rolled or into oatmeal, or ground into fine oat flour.

Oatmeal is chiefly eaten as porridge, but may also be used in a

variety of baked goods, such as oatcakes, oatmeal cookies, and

oat bread.

Oats may also be consumed raw, and cookies with raw oats are

becoming popular.

Oats are also occasionally used in Britain for brewing beer.

Oats are also commonly used as feed for horses, where it is

and rolled.

Oat extract can also be used to soothe skin conditions, e.g. skin

lotions.

.

Cleaning & sizing

Dehulling

Kilning

Sizing of groats

Final processing

FlakingOat meal

The exceptionally high content of vitamins, nutrients and

minerals makes oats an important part of a healthy diet.

Vegetable Proteins

Proteins are essential for the build of muscles and a healthy

metabolism increased body performance.

Vegetable Fats

The content of vegetable fats in oats is higher than in any other

cereal: Oats contain 70%.

Unsaturated fatty acids whereof 40% are linoleic acids which

support the development of cell.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are indispensable energy sources.

Vitamins

Oats naturally contain many B vitamins, mainly Vitamin B1

(thiamin) which supports the nervous system and boosts

concentration.

Vitamin B9 (folic acid) is necessary for growth and the

generation of red blood cells.

Minerals and micronutrients

• Magnesium: 14%

• Phosphorus: almost 25%

• Iron: close to 17%

• Zinc: almost 17%

• Copper: 21%

• Manganese: 90%

• Calcium: almost 2%

If ½-1 cup (1½-3 ounces) of oats are eaten every day

this amount of oatmeal decreased total cholesterol by

approximately 2%.

Eating oats can spread the rise in blood sugars over a

longer time period.

A daily serving of whole oats rich in soluble fibre can

reduce hypertension, or high blood pressure.

Market Forms

Grain milk is a milk substitute made from fermented grain or from

flour. Grain milk can be made from oats, spelt, rice, rye.

Grain milk looks very similar to cow's milk. It has a lower protein

content and a higher carbohydrate content than cow's milk.

The oat is the cereal grain which contain the high

amount of vegetable fats (70%) than other cereals.

Also the vitamins, various nutrients, carbohydrates are

present higher than other cereals.

A daily serving of whole oats rich in soluble fiber can

reduce hypertension, or high blood pressure.