OAA Details EIFS 2005 - University of Waterloo Details EIFS 2005-2.pdf · Microsoft PowerPoint -...
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John Straube 2005 61 University of Waterloo, School of Architecture Waterloo, Patio Waterloo, Patio Buffalo, NY Buffalo, NY John Straube 2005 62 University of Waterloo, School of Architecture Freeze-thaw Must be nearly saturated while freezing Factors – degree of saturation – how cold – rate of freezing – pores size distribution – liquid diffusivity John Straube 2005 63 University of Waterloo, School of Architecture John Straube 2005 64 University of Waterloo, School of Architecture Dissolution Water is the universal solvent Avoid capillary saturation e.g.: – EIFS finish re-emulsification – Gypsum becomes goo – paper unglues
Transcript of OAA Details EIFS 2005 - University of Waterloo Details EIFS 2005-2.pdf · Microsoft PowerPoint -...
John Straube 2005
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University of Waterloo, School of Architecture
Waterloo, PatioWaterloo, Patio
Buffalo, NYBuffalo, NY
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Freeze-thaw
Must be nearly saturated while freezingFactors– degree of saturation– how cold– rate of freezing– pores size distribution– liquid diffusivity
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University of Waterloo, School of Architecture John Straube 2005
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Dissolution
Water is the universal solventAvoid capillary saturatione.g.:– EIFS finish re-emulsification– Gypsum becomes goo– paper unglues
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If it doesnIf it doesn’’t get wet andt get wet andcan dry out againcan dry out againit will lastit will last
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Rain Control Principles
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Wetting - Sources & Mechanisms
1.1. Interior and Exterior Air (Vapour)– transport by diffusion and air leakage
(convection)(convection)2. Driving Rain (Liquid)
– Absorption (“wicking”) and Liquid Penetration3. Soil Moisture (Vapour & Liquid)
– Diffusion, Absorption and Liquid Penetration4. Built-in Moisture (solid, liquid, vapour)
– not transported - stored in masonry/concrete, green lumber, construction rain/snow
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Moldy SIPSPeeling Elastomeric Coatings
Rotting wood
Corrosion
Rain Penetration can do Bad things to Buildings
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Driving Rain
Site and Climate– wind direction, rainfall intensity, duration,
frequencyBuilding– height, orientation, shape (i.e. RAF)
Wall– shedding, – absorption– transmission
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Driving Rain
Driving rain, rvFalling Rain, r h Wind Speed, V
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Raindrop-Wind Interaction
Vt,d
Vwind
rv = rh Vt,d
Vwind
rh rv
Falling RainFree Wind
Driving Rain
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Rain Deposition and Wind Flow Patterns
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Effect of Building Shape
H/W < 0.5
Wind flows over and around building
H/W < 0.1H/W < 0.1
Wind flows primarily up and
over buildingH/W > 1
Wind flows primarily around building
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RDF-Rain Deposition Factor
<0.30
0.35 - 0.50
< 0.200.20 - 0.35
Low Building (H/W << 1) with Peaked Roof & Overhang
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Rain Deposition Factors
0.9 - 1.0
0.5 - 0.9
< 0.5
Tall Building H/W >> 1
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Rain Deposition Factor
0.8 - 1.00.5 - 0.8
< 0.5
Low Building H/W << 1
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Max Driving Rain vs City
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Calgary
, AB
Edmon
ton, A
B
Prince
Geo
rge, B
C
Vanco
uver,
BC
Victori
a, BC
Winn
ipeg,
MB
Frederi
cton,
NB
Saint J
ohn,
NB
St Joh
ns, N
F
Shearw
ater, N
SSyd
ney,
NS
North B
ay, O
NOtta
wa, ON
Toronto
, ON
Charlo
ttetow
n, PE
Montre
al, Q
CQue
bec,
QC
Saska
toon,
SK
Max
imum
Driv
ing
Rai
n on
Wor
st W
all [
kg/m
2 /yr]
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Total Rain Deposition: TorontoToronto, ON - Driving Rain 90° Incident, mm/yr
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800N
NNE
NE
ENE
E
ESE
SE
SSE
S
SSW
SW
WSW
W
WNW
NW
NNW
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Rain Control Philosophy
The Three D’s– Deflection– Drainage/Exclusion/Storage– Drying
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Controlling Rain Penetration
Deflection– reduce water on building (overhangs)– redirect water away (drips, shape)– slope surfaces, use flashing
Drainage / Exclusion / Storage– enclosure design – provide drainage, or storage or barrier
Drying– allow any remaining water to dry
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Deflection
Overhang
Drips at OpeningHeads & Sills
200minSplash Height
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Effect of Overhangs
Low-slope Roofs
Canadian field studies have correlated large overhang size with lower damage risk
Pitched roofsWind
Rain
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Over 60% of problems were assigned to design or constructionEffect of overhangs appeared to besignificant
CMHC Morrison-Hershfield Study
CMHC Morrison Hershfield Study
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Deflection: Protect Sensitive Matl
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Base Splash
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Base Splash
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Surface Drainage AccumulatesRedistribute and Control via– Drips– Overhangs
Protect Windows, Saddles, etc.
If it doesn’t get wet, it wont leak
Shedding: Surface Drainage
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•Control Rain on the Surface•Multiple shedding, drips, etc• Reduced rain load on joints and openings
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University of Waterloo, School of ArchitectureOverhangs Surface - Drainage - Shelter
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Don’t concentrate water!
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We still can
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Enclosure Wall Strategies
Some water is likely on the wallWater can penetrate in many ways
Once rain is on the wall …DrainageExclusionStorage
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Rain Control
Rain Deposition: Drained, Stored, or Transmitted
Transmit
Stored
Drained
Driving Rain
Shedding
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Categorization
Elements and joints can be different
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Mass/Storage/Reservoir Walls
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Perfect Barrier Walls
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UWUWPennsylvannia
Vancouver
PerfectBarrier
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Drained-Screened Walls
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200min
Sloped Grade(5% )
Drainage spaceover drainageplane
Sub-sill flashing
Head flashing
Roof slopedto drains
Drainage
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Joints
Can be – mass (log chink)– perfect barrier (sealant)– screened drained (two-stage joints)
Surface Drainage means joints are exposed to waterSealants failWindow-wall, stucco-masonry etc
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Categorization
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backer rodsealantdrainagespace
sealantbacker rod
Exteriorface of
cladding
Drainopening
Drained Joints
Inner stage could be• sealant• gaskets• peel and sticks• trowel-on Must be drainedVented helps
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Window Joints
••DrainageDrainage••Multiple Rain tighteningMultiple Rain tightening••DeflectionDeflection••Control Surface DrainageControl Surface Drainage••No Sill Nailing FlangeNo Sill Nailing Flange
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Sub-sill flashingwww.buildingscience.com
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Subsill
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University of Waterloo, School of ArchitectureRamsey & Sleeper John Straube 2005
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DryingClear Air Spaces
Vent Holes Above& Below Window
Vent Holes at Top& Bottom of Wall
•Important for some systems that retain drain water•Helps for small leaks
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Notes:
1] Coordinate installation ofGold Guard system andEIFS with the roofinstallation.Typically, the step anddiverter flashings areinstalled as part of theroof assembly.
2] Refer to Sto detail 10.62afor integration of GoldGuard system with thestep and diverterflashings.
3] Install the starter track2“ (50mm) above thefinished roof and buttingagainst the diverterflashing so waterdraining down the startertrack will not flow overinto the wall.
4] Install Sto Gold Fill™over the upper edge ofthe starter track andcoat with Sto GoldCoat™.
Substrate
Sto adhesive
Sto insulation
Sto base coat
Sto finish
Sto Gold Coat
Sto Gold Fill with StoDetail Mesh
Starter track with weepsinstalled over stepflashing and Sto GoldFill (see Sto detail10.62a)
Maintain 2“ (50mm)clearance betweenfinished roof andstarter track
Roofing materials
Diverter flashing (see Stodetail 2.62b)
1/2” (13mm) joint forsealant with backerrod
Edge flashing
Gutter termination 1/2”(13mm) away fromfinished EIFS
™ Sto Gold Coat and Sto Gold Fill are registered trademarks of Sto Corp. John Straube 2005
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