Nvis Catalog Book June 2009 WP (Physics&Nano) · PDF fileClap-Based Switching for Devices ......

Nvis Technologies is a Scientech Group Enterprise

Spreading Science & Technology

Physics Catalog 2009

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Exclusive Electronic Hobby Kits

E l e c t r o n i c s w i t hE l e c t r o n i c s w i t h

E x p l o r e E x p l o r e

Advanced Level :

Moving Message Display

Infrared Proximity Detector

Infrared Remote Switch

Frequency Measurement

Clap-Based Switching for Devices

Car Security System with Remote Control

Temperature Indicator

Light Sensor

IR Counter

Code Lock

Stop-Watch and many more...

Intermediate Level :

Flashing LEDs

Water Pump Controller-cum-Motor

Timer

Garage Light and Security Control

Low-Range AM Radio Transmitter

FM Transmitter

FM Receiver

Burglar Alarm System

Traffic Light Control

Smoke Alarm and many more…

Beginner Level :

Simple Water Level Indicator

Water Level Indicator

Fire Alarm

Simple Burglar Alarm

Simple Touch Bell

Musical Touch Bell

Musical Doorbell with Memory

Magic Eye and many more…

141-B, Electronic Complex, Pardesipura, Indore - 452 010 India, Tel : 91-731-4211500,TeleFax : +91-731-4202959, E-mail: [email protected], Website : www.nvistech.com

Spreading Science & Technology

Contents Page No.

NV6000

NV6002

NV6004

NV6005

NV6006

NV6006C

NV6006D

NV6007

NV6008

NV6012

NV6021

NV6022

NV6023

NV6025

NV6026

NV6028

NV6029

NV6030

NV6031

NV6032

NV6034

NV6037

NV6040

NV6041

NV6042

NV6043

NV6045

NV6050

NV6101

NV621

NV622

NV623

NV6102

NV6103

NV6104

NV6105

NV6106

NV6107

NV6108

NV6109

NV6110

NV651

NV652

NV653

NV654

NV656

NV657

NV660

NV4500

NV4501

NV4502

NV4515

Simtel

Simtel

Electricity Lab 4

Electrostatic Lab 5

Magnetism Lab 6

Solar Energy Trainer 7

Optics Bench 8

Divergence of Laser 9

Inverse Square Law 10

Fuel Cell Trainer 11

Wind Energy Trainer 12

Coulomb’s Law Demonstrator 13

Current Carrying Coil Setup 24

Desauty's and Schearing Bridge Trainer 25

Young's Modulus Setup 26

Post Office Box Trainer 27

Resloving Power of Telescope 28

Thermal Expansion Trainer 29

Ray Optics Study Setup 30

Boyle’s Law Demonstrator 31

Hall Effect Trainer 32

Gauss & Tesla Meter 33

Measurement Unit 33

Constant current Power Supply 33

Measurement of Wavelength of Laser by Diffraction Grating 42

Spectrometer Set-up 44

Travelling Microscope 45

Introductory Nano Kit 47

Nano TiO Solar Cell Kit 482

Ferro Fluid Demonstrator 49

Artificial Muscle Trainer 50

Nanotechnology 51

Physics 51

Half Shade Polarimeter 14

Viscosity Measurement Apparatus 15

Malus Law Setup 16

Planck's Constant Determination using LED 17

Moment of Inertia table Setup 18

Fresnel Biprism Setup 19

Nodal Slide Assembly Setup 20

Carey Foster's Bridge Setup 21

Stefan's Law Trainer 22

Calibration of Voltmeter and Ammeter using Potentiometer 23

Measurement of susceptibility of paramagnetic solution (Quinck's Tube Method) 34

e/m measurement setup 35

Newton's Ring apparatus 36

Resistivity & Band gap Measurement (Four Probe method) 37

Semiconductor Energy Band-Gap Measurement Trainer 38

Ballistic Galvanometer Setup 39

Hysteresis Loop Tracer 40

Ultrasonic Measurement Lab 41

Incandescent light source 43

Mercury light source 43

Sodium light source 43

Laser source 43

Set of Polarizers 46

Nanotechnology

NV6000Electricity Lab

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Stand alone operationDurable, Easy to use kitIncludes all the Basic Electrical fundamentalsSolderless connectionsComplete set of coils and cores to understand the Basics of Electro magnetic induction and TransformersProvided with a component box to perform all the experimentsCBT covering all the experiments Extensive e-Manual2 Year Warranty

Electricity Lab is a versatile Training System for the

laboratory. It is designed such that all the basic electrical circuits

can be tested. The experiments given with this Training system

will develop clear understanding of series and parallel circuits,

electromagnetic induction, coil behaviour with AC and DC

circuits, diode and transistor characteristics etc. This simple

training system provides a strong platform for detailed studies in

electricals and electronics.

NV6000

Fuse : 1 Amp.

Mains Supply : 230 V ±10%, 50 Hz

Dimension (mm) : W 345 × D 245 × H 105

Technical Specifications

DC Mains Supply : 5 V, 200 mA

AC Mains Supply : 6 V, 1A

Relay : 5 V

Galvanometer : 30 - 0 - 30

Galvanometer Resistance : 80 W

Light Bulbs : 6V

Potentiometers : 25 W, 1 W,

10 KW, 1 W

Switch : 1 Pole, 2 Way Toggle type

Core types : E, I, U

Coils

No. of Turns Wire Dimension Maximum Current Inductance (mm.) (Amp.) (Approx.)

200 Turn 0.818 1.46 590 mH400 Turn 0.573 0.728 2.3 mH800 Turn 0.404 0.363 9.2 mH

1600 Turn 0.251 0.144 34.2 mH3200 Turn 0.170 0.072 134 mH

Scope of Learning

¡parallel connections.

¡To study the Ohm's Law mathematical relationship between three variable Voltage (V), Current (I) and Resistance (R).

¡To study the voltage and current flowing into the circuit.

¡To study the Kirchhoff's Law for electrical circuits.

¡To study the R-C circuit and find out the behaviour of capacitors in a R-C network and study the phase shift due to capacitor.

¡To study the L-C circuit and find out its behaviour as resonance circuit.

¡To study the characteristics of a semiconductor diode.

¡To study the characteristics of a transistor.

¡To study the behaviour of current, when light bulbs are connected in circuit.

¡To understand the Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction.

¡To study the phenomenon of mutual induction.

¡To study the Lenz's Law and effect of Eddy current.

¡To study a Relay and construct a switching circuit by using relay.

¡To study Oersted experiments.

¡To convert a Galvanometer into Volt meter.

¡To convert a Galvanometer into Ammeter

¡To construct and study a step down transformer with the help of given coils and cores.

¡To construct and study a step up transformer.

¡To study the effects of moving I core on a step up transformer.

¡To study the hysteresis curve

To study the Resistances individually as well as in series and in

Training System includes

1. Components box with

a. Resistors

b. Capacitors

c. Transistors

d. Diode

e. Potentiometer

2. E, I, U cores

3. Set of coils

4. Magnetic compass

5. Bar magnets

6. Screw driver

7. Multimeter

8. Connection patch cords

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NV6002Electrostatic Lab

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Complete training system to study the fundamentals of Electrostatics

Electrostatic charging by Induction, Conduction, Friction

Digital Electroscope consists of Charge Polarity Indicator & Display

Provided with a learning Software

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Electrostatic Lab NV6002 is a versatile training system to be

used in the laboratories. It introduces the basic concepts of

electrostatics like charging by friction, induction and

conduction. With this system static charge polarity can be easily

determined. This system is provided with a Digital Electroscope,

Pith ball pendulum, Charge Demonstration Tube. A set of

different rods and clothes are provided to study the electrostatic

charges by their different combinations.

Scope of Learning

nTo study the Charge Induction in Electrostatics

nTo study the Charge Conduction in Electrostatics

nTo study the Pith ball pendulum Electroscope

nTo study the relative charges of different rods with the help of Digital Display in milli volts

nTo study the Electrostatic Charge with the help of Charge Demonstration Tube

nTo study the Electrostatic Charge by the combination of different rods & cloths

Accessories Include :

Digital Electroscope

Pith balls

Pendulum Stand

Charge Demonstration Tube

Rods - Teflon, Ebonite, Perspex

Cloths - Silk, Woolen, Cotton


Electroscope Display : Measures relative intensity of charge

in millivolts

Charge Polarity Indicators : Blue LED - Negative charge,

Green LED - Positive charge

Rods : Teflon, Ebonite, Perspex

Cloths : Silk, Cotton, Woolen

Pith balls (with pendulum) : Single & pair is provided for different

observations

Mains Supply : 90 - 275 V, 50 / 60 Hz

Pith ball Pendulum

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Complete training system to study the fundamentals of magnetism

Provided with easiest way of magetic field demonstration

Dramatic demonstration of Lenz's Law

Homopolar motor demonstration

Provided with floating ring magnets and a dowel to demonstrate magnetic levitation

Provided in a good quality carrying case with foam inserts

Provided with a learning Software

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year warranty

NV6004Magnetism Lab

Magnetism Lab NV6004 is a versatile training kit to be used in

laboratories. It provides a good basis for understanding the

fundamentals of magnetism. This kit is provided with different

types of materials and shapes of Magnet, Magnetic Compass,

Magnetic Field Demonstrator, Lenz's Law Apparatus and Motor

Assembly.

Scope of Learning

nStudy of different types and shapes of magnet

nPlotting of the combined magnetic field of the earth and a bar magnet and to locate the neutral points and calculate the magnetic moment and the pole strength of the magnet

nStudy of magnetic field lines by Magnetic Field Demonstrator

nStudy of magnetic levitation by Floating Ring Magnets

nStudy of Oersted Law

nStudy of Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction

nStudy of Lenz's Law

nStudy of Electromagnet

nStudy of the principle of motor by a simple assembly of motor

Types of material of magnet :

1. Alnico

2. Ceramic or Ferrite

3. Rare earth magnet (NIB)

Shapes of Magnet :

1. Bar Magnet

2. U-Shape Magnet

3. Horse shoe Magnet

4. Cylindrical Magnet

5. Ring Magnet

6. Disc Magnet

Magnetic Compass

Magnetic Field Demostrator

Lenz's Law Demonstrator

Motor Assembly

Coil :

No. of Turns : 400

Inductance (approx.) : 2.3mH

Max. Current : 0.728 A

Contents & Specifications

Lenz's Law Demonstration

Floating MagnetsExperiment

Homopolar MotorExperiment

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NV6005Solar Energy Trainer

Technical SpecificationsSolar Panel : Consists of 6 solar cells

Open circuit Voltage of each solar cell : 1.5 VShort circuit Current of each solar cell : 150 mA

Voltmeter : 0 -10 V

Ammeter : 0 - 500 mA

Potentiometer : 5 K

AA Rechargeable NiCd Battery : 1.2 V

Bulb : 1.2 V, 220 mA

Fan : 1.5 V, 450 mA

FM Receiver : 12 V

Solar Energy Trainer NV6005 is a versatile training system to be

used in laboratories. It introduces the basic concept of solar cell

(photovoltaic cell) of converting sunlight directly into electrical

energy. The system works as a live demonstration unit of solar

cells in terms of its concepts and applications. This system is

provided with Solar Energy Trainer and a Solar Panel.

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Complete training system to study the

fundamentals of photovoltaic system

The system has two modes for study:

Characteristics and Application Modes

On board voltmeter and ammeter are provided to

measure the voltage and current respectively,

during various modes of operation

Charging the battery using solar energy

Weather proof solar cells

Portable and light weight

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

¡Calculation of voltage and current of solar cells in series

¡Calculation of voltage and current of solar cells in parallel

¡Study of I - V curve and power curve of solar cells to find out maximum power point (MPP)

¡Calculation of efficiency of solar cells

¡Application of solar cells in domestic purposes :

- Charging of battery, both on load and no load condition

- Operating bulb, fan and FM receiver

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NV6006 NV6006COptics Bench Divergence of Laser

Scope of Learning

¡To study the image formation of source

¡Introduction of ray optics by ray tracing

¡Verification of Reflection of light

¡To determine Refractive index of semi circle (D-shape) lens by

Snell's law

¡Verification of Reversibility of light

¡To determine critical angle and obtain Total Internal Reflection

¡To study Dispersion of light

¡To study Convergent and Divergent lens by image and object

relationships

¡To measure Focal Length of Convex lens using Basic Lens

Equation

¡To measure magnification of image of Convex lens

¡To determine Focal length of Concave mirror by two Pin method

¡To determine Focal length of Convex lens by two Pin method

Scope of Learning

¡To determine the Divergence of Laser beam

The Optics bench NV6006 is a versatile training system

designed to provide a comprehensive introduction to laboratory

optics. It is designed such that all the basics of light and optics

can be understood easily. This system includes an optics bench

setup with different lenses and mirrors. The Basic Experiments

provide all the essentials for a solid introduction to optics. The

System is easy to use, affordable, and ruggedly designed. This

Optic Bench provides understanding about basic properties of

light such as Refraction, Reflection, Dispersion and Total Internal

Reflection etc. by the easiest way.

NV6006C Divergence of Laser is an Optical setup helpful to

identify characteristic of Laser beam. This product illustrates

how the spreading of Laser beam enhances with respect to

distance traveled in a medium. NV6006C is consist of Optics

Bench and Measurement unit. The Measurement unit consists

of variable DC power supply, voltage and current display. The

Optics Bench consists of Laser source, Converging lens and

Photo detector with distance measurement arrangement.

Two Rods of 1meter length with two stands

Light Source

150 watt Incandescent light source


Different Shapes of slits

Converging and Diverging lens

Focal length : 100 mm, 150 mm

Diameter : 50 mm each

Concave and Convex mirror

Focal length : 100 mm, 150 mm

Diameter : 50 mm each

Plane Mirror

Dimension (mm) : 100 × 75 × 2

D-Shape lens

Dimension (mm) : 100 × 50 × 20

Prism

Dimension (mm) : 50 × 50 equilateral

Mirror Stand

Lens Stand

Ray Table

Viewing Screen

Two Optical Pins


Optics bench

Length : 1meter

Laser source

Wavelength : 630 nm

Output : Less than 3mW

Convex Lens

Type : Double Convex

Focal Length : 100, 150 mm

Diameter : 50 mm

Detector : Photodiode

DC Power Supply : 0 - 5 V

Mains : 230 V ±10%, 50 Hz

Fuse : 0.5 A


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Ideal System for performing many Experiments

A comprehensive and self contained optics system

A complete system with a light source, Bench and all other accessories

Accessories are provided in a good quality carrying case

2 Year Warranty

Extensive e-Manual

Provided with Learning Software

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Sliding stand with precise measurement

Precise Voltage and Current measurement

Microcontroller based LCD

Provided with DC supply

e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

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NV6007Fuel Cell Trainer

Inverse Square Law, NV6006D is an Optical setup for illustrating

how light intensity varies with distance. The inverse square law

states that the illumination of a surface by a point source is

inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the

source and surface. NV6006D consist of Optics bench, Light

source and Photodetector.

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Sliding stand with precise measurement

Light Source with height adjustment

e-manual

2 Year Warranty

NV6006DInverse Square Law

Scope of Learning

¡Verification of Inverse Square Law

Optics bench :

Length : ½ meter

Light Source : Incandescent Lamp

Wattage : 100W



Scope of Learning

¡Study of Current-Voltage Characteristic of Electrolyzer function of

Reversible PEM Fuel Cell

¡Study of Current-Voltage Characteristic and Power Curve of Fuel Cell

function of the Reversible PEM Fuel Cell

¡Study of the Application of Fuel Cell function of Reversible Fuel Cell

of providing electrical energy to the loads such as buzzer, fan and

bulb

NV6007 Fuel Cell Trainer is a modular experimental system designed to study the working of Solar-Hydrogen cycle. The Reversible Fuel Cell is unique, as it acts as both, an Electrolyzer and a Fuel Cell.

This trainer demonstrates Chemistry and Physics principles by experimenting with the splitting of water into its basic elements (hydrogen and oxygen) using renewable power generation from photovoltaic technology (solar panel), and then use this basic element (hydrogen) of water as a renewable “energy carrier” that can power many applications with fuel cell technology.

NV6007 provides an excellent opportunity to learn about the exciting prospects of renewable energy. Study how renewable energy can be harnessed, stored and re-used in all kinds of applications and how hydrogen can be a unique link between natural resources of power and power consuming devices-using fuel cell technology.

This system includes Solar Photovoltaic Panel, Hydrogen and Oxygen Storage Tanks, Reversible Fuel Cell and an Application Board encouraging users to learn the system step by step, configure the system and visualize the workings of clean energy principles from start to finish.

Solar Panel :

Voltage (at optimum power point) : 2.2 V DC

Current (at maximum power point) : 450 mA

Dimensions : 125 x 155 x 8 (mm)

Note : Solar Panel data is based on standard conditions 2(1000 W/m , 250C)

Reversible Fuel Cell :

Dimensions : 54 × 54 × 17 (mm)

Total Weight : 69.7 grams

Electrolyzer Function :

Input Voltage : 1.8 ~ 2.6 V DC

Input Current : = 0.7 A

Hydrogen Production Rate : 7 ml / min at 1A

Oxygen Production Rate : 3.5 ml / min at 1A

Fuel Cell Function :

Output Voltage : 0.9 V DC

Output Current : 360 mA

Power : 210 mW

Volume of Inner Containers for : 16mlHydrogen/Oxygen Gas Storage


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Complete Training System to study the Solar-Hydrogen cycle

Reversible Fuel Cell-both as an Electrolyzer and as a Fuel Cell

Measurement and Application Modes

Weather proof Solar Panel


Extensive e-Manual and study material

2 Year Warranty

Solar Panel

Reversible Fuel Cell and Gas Storage Tanks

Application Board

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Wind Turbine Setup : Contain 3 blades

Maximum Open Circuit Voltage : 3 V DC

Maximum Short Circuit Current : 250 mA DC

Voltmeter : 0 -10 V

Ammeter : 0 - 500 mA

Potentiometer : 5 K

AA Rechargeable : 1.2 VNiCd Battery

Lamp : 3 V DC

Fan : 3 V DC

FM Band Radio : 3 V DC


NV6008Wind Energy Trainer

NV6008 Wind Energy Trainer is a versatile training setup used in

the laboratories to understand the conversion of wind energy

into electrical supply. It introduces the basic concept of wind

turbine, of converting kinetic energy of wind into mechanical

energy and then this mechanical energy into electrical energy.

The setup works as a live demonstration unit of wind turbine and

generator in terms of its concepts and applications. It is provided

with a Wind Turbine Setup and Wind Energy Trainer.

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DC power generator

Measurement and Application Modes

On board voltmeter and ammeter are provided

Charging the battery using wind energy as the generator of DC supply


Strongly supported by systematic operating instructions with theoretical and practical details

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Complete setup to study the fundamentals of wind based

¡Calculation of voltage and current of wind energy based DC supply with change in shape of blades.

¡Calculation of voltage and current of wind energy based DC supply with change in angle of blades.

¡Calculation of voltage and current of wind energy based DC supply with change in direction of wind.

¡Calculation of voltage and current of wind energy based DC supply with change in wind pressure.

¡Application of wind energy based DC supply in domestic purposes :

a. Charging of batteries both on load and no load conditions.

b. Operating lamp, fan and FM receiver.

Scope of Learning

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Coulomb's Law Demonstrator, NV6012 is

an important setup to understand the

conceptual aspect of Coulomb's law.

Coulomb's law states that the force

between two electrical charges is

proportional to the product of the charges,

and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between

them. Coulombic force is one of the principle force involved in

atomic reactions. Coulomb's Law is applicable for Electric field,

Gravitational field and Magnetic field. In this product Magnetic

force is used for Coulomb's Law Demonstration. A pair of

Magnets of constant and equal pole strength are mounted

horizontally with varying distance. It allows the Inverse Square

law to be verified with reasonable accuracy. A simple balance

Scope of Learning

¡Verification of Coulomb's Law

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Easy way of Magnetic Force Demonstration

LED Indicator

Infrared light detection for balancing

Complete Training Setup

2 Year Warranty

NV6012Coulomb’s Law Demonstrator

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Distance (r )0 2

Magnets : Two

Length : 4cm

Type : Neodymium

Balancing : By IR detection

Scale : 0 - 14 cm

Adaptor Input : 220 - 240 V, 50 / 60 Hz, 12 W

Adaptor Output : 6 V, 500 mA

Dimensions (mm) : L 360 ́B 255


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NV6021Half Shade Polarimeter

NV6021 Half Shade Polarimeter is a useful apparatus for

understanding the concept of polarization. With the help of half

shade polarimeter, polarization can be studied as well as

analyzed. For better accuracy in determination of specific

rotation, half shade polarimeter is used which involves

comparing the brightness of two halves in the field of view. The

apparatus is based on Biot's Law. When a plane polarized light is

passed through an optically active substance, the plane of

polarization of light gets rotated. In order to find out the effect of

relative rotation between the polaroids on intensity of

transmitted light, we are using a half wave plate. Comparing the

brightness of the two halves of half wave plate, one can easily

find out the optical rotation produced by an optically active

substance in solution form.

Polaroid :

Half wave plate :

Objective lens :

Eye piece :

Polarimeter tube :

Sodium vapour lamp :

Thickness : 0.1 mm

Diameter : 26 mm

Type : Nitrocellulose polymer

Wavelength : 589 nm

Type : Quartz


Focal length : 50 mm


Focal length : 200 mm

Length :100 mm(1dm)

Material : Borosilicate

Volume : 23 ml

Wavelength : 5893?

Wattage : 35W

Lamp has to be connected with provided external power supply.


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Sodium vapour lamp light source

Adjustable height

Circular scale graduated from 0° to 360°

Polarimeter borosilicate glass tube with bubble trapper in the middle

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nDetermination of the specific rotation of sugar solution using Half Shade Polarimeter.

nStudy of variation of angle of rotation of sugar solution with its concentration.

nStudy of optical rotary dispersion of sugar solution or to determine the dependence of angle of rotation of sugar solution on the wavelength of light.

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NV6022Viscosity Measurement Apparatus

NV6022 Viscosity Measurement Apparatus demonstrates

viscosity experiment and elicit the interest of students in the field

of fluid mechanics. This apparatus verifies Stokes law and helps

us to understand the motion of object inside the fluid. Here

“falling sphere” method is used to determine the viscosity of

liquid. This method describes a general procedure for the

determination of not only the viscosity but the density of liquid as

well. This activity enables us to observe the relative viscosity

and density of liquids like glycerin, castor oil, mustard oil etc.

Our set-up covers both manual and automatic viscosity

determination.

Tube stand :

Cylindrical tube:

Measurement Unit:

Steel sphere :

Glass beads :

Base (cast iron) : 23 x15 sq.cm.Rod (mild steel) : 110 cm.

Length : 100 cm.Internal diameter : 3.5 cm.External diameter : 4.0 cm.Volume : 962 c.c.

Adaptor Input :100 - 240 V, 50 / 60 HzAdaptor Output : 5 VTimer checking time : 5 Sec.Time segments : 3

Diameter :0.2 cm to 0.5 cmDensity :7.85 gm / cm3

Diameter : .35 cm to .45cmDensity : 2.5 gm/cm3


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Out-let in bottom of tube provides easy replacement of liquid and dipped spheres

Measurement unit enables us to capture and store time readings, and gives instant result of viscosity

Centrally bored rubber cork provides same trajectory for all spheres

Dipping bowls provide easy quenching of sphere, and prevent any kind of mixing into each other

Extensive e-Manual

Scope of Learning

nTo determine the co-efficient of viscosity of glycerin by falling sphere method.

nTo determine the density of given liquid using steel sphere, glass beads.

nTo predict the fall time of different size spheres of same material.

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NV6023Malus Law Setup

Malus law Setup NV6023 is a useful optics setup for students. It

establishes the transverse nature of light and based on the

polarization of light. Incandescent lamp is used as light source to

study the phenomenon by direct vision as well as for intensity

measurement. With the help of this setup, both the basic laws of

polarization - Brewster's law and Malus law can be understood

easily. The polarization can be studied by direct vision as well as

by reading the variation of intensity through a digital ammeter

connected across a photodiode.

The verification of Malus law particularly, can be done in three

different ways using: two coaxial polaroids, two parallel plain

glass plates and a combination of glass plate and polaroid.

Digital ammeter

Range : 0 - 20 microampere

Mains supply : 9 V


Polaroid

Diameter : 26mm

Type : Nitrocellulose polymer film

Incandescent lamp

Wattage : 40W

Input Mains supply : 230V ± 10%, 50Hz

Measuring scale : 0° - 360º


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Comprises of fixed lamp arm, central circular glass plate base and movable analyzer arm

Holders with adjustable height and circular scale plates

Digital ammeter for precise reading

Graduated circular scale of analyzer

from 0° to 360°

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nStudy the Polarization of light by reflection and thus verify the Brewster's law.

nVerify Malus law using a plain glass plate and a Polaroid.

nVerify Malus law using two Polaroid.

nVerify Malus law using two plain glass plates.

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NV6025Planck's Constant Determination using LED

NV6025 Planck's Constant Determination using LED is a useful

Trainer which illustrates the basic concept of the Quantum

Mechanics. The trainer familiarizes with the concept of photon

energy and explains how it is related to its frequency. Trainer is

mainly designed to evaluate Planck's Constant. For this purpose

five different colors of LEDs are included with trainer. This trainer

facilitates to determine the Planck's Constant by measuring the

voltage drop across LEDs.

Mains : 230V ±10%, 50 Hz

Fuse : 0.5A

DC Power Supply : 0-5V

LED

Type : Super bright

Size : 5 mm

Colours : Blue, Green, Orange, Red, Yellow

DC Voltmeter

Type : LCD

Display : 3½ digit

Range :200 mV- 200V

DC Ammeter

Type : LCD

Display : 3½ digit

Range :2µA- 200 mA


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Self contained trainer requires no other accessory

Super bright LEDs

LCD for current and voltage

Variable DC Supply (0-5 Volt)

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nDetermination of Planck's Constant using Light Emitting Diode (LED).

nDraw the I-V characteristic for Light Emitting Diode (LED) and hence determine the Threshold Voltage.

nDetermination of Planck's Constant by plotting curve between Threshold Voltage and Wavelength of LEDs.

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NV6026Moment of Inertia table Setup

NV6026 Moment of Inertia Table Setup dramatically represents

how moment of inertia posses in any body. Moment of Inertia

plays an important role in our daily life. Setup familiarizes with

the concept of Moment of Inertia along with rotational motion of

object. Setup explains how it is affected by mass and distance

from the axis of rotation. Our setup allows to determine the

moment of inertia of various objects. For time measurement of

rotation, measurement unit is included with manual and

automatic mode.

Circular Base

Type : Iron

Diameter: 25cm

Inertia Discs

Type : Aluminium

Diameter : 15cm

Balancing ring : 04

Suspension Wire

Type : M.S. Wire

Width : 28 gauge

Auxiliary Body of known MOI

Cylindrical

Radius : 1.9 cm

Weight : 300 gm

Lamp & Scale(Optional)

Lamp :Laser light source

Scale : 30 - 0 - 30 cm


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Micro controller based Measurement Unit

Engraved and ruled inertia discs

Inverted U- shaped metal body with chuck screw connection

Measurement unit gives instant result of moment of inertia

Three experimental bodies

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nDetermination of the moment of inertia of given body using inertia table.

nDetermination of the moment of inertia of given body using inertia table using lamp and scale arrangement.

nProve the perpendicular axis theorem of moment of inertia using inertia table.

Lamp & Scale Measurement Unit

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NV6028Fresnel Biprism Setup

NV6028 Fresnel Biprism Setup illustrates about the phenomena

of interference of light. With the help of interference phenomena

we can find the wavelength of monochromatic light source like

Laser, Sodium lamp etc. in a very easy manner. In this

experiment students can understand the concept of

interference, image formation and the width of fringes. Generally

the interference pattern is demonstrated by Young's Double Slit

experiment, but it couldn't explain the phenomenon of

interference clearly to overcome this difficulty Fresnel Biprism

was introduced.

Optics bench :

Length : 1.5 m

Laser source:

Wavelength : 630 nm


Biprism :

Dimension : 50 x 40 mm

Material : Glass

Refractive index : 1.5

Convex Lens:


Focal Length : 100 mm

Diameter : 50 mm

Concave Lens:

Type : Double Concave


Diameter : 75 mm


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A complete system with a Light Source, Bench and all other accessories

Sliding uprights are provided

Laser as a Monochromatic source

Convex lens is used for focused image

Concave lens for clear vision of fringes

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nDetermination of the wavelength of the monochromatic light with the help of Fresnel Biprism.

nDetermination of fringe width of the interference pattern.

Accessories

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NV6029Nodal Slide Assembly Setup

NV6029 Nodal Slide Assembly Setup is an elite training unit to

determine the focal length of convergent lens either individually

or in combination. The nodal slide is made available for the

examination of images formed at a finite magnification, whether

by visual examination, photography, by the introduction

between the fixed light source or object and the lens.This setup

helps students to understand the basic property of lens like focal

length, focus point, nodal point, principal axis, centre of

curvature etc. Nodal slide assembly is very compatible

arrangement, in which rotational and linear movement of the

carriage (on which two lens holder are fixed) is provided to

check arrangement of optical bench.

Optics bench :

Length :1 m

Light source :

Output : 40W

Input : 220 V ±10%, 50Hz

Convex Lens :



Diameter : 50 mm

Nodal Slide Assembly :

Circular scale : 0 - 360°

Linear scale : 70 - 0 - 70 mm


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A complete system with a Light Source, Bench and all other accessories

Sliding uprights

40W incandescent lamp Light Source

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year WarrantyScope of Learning

nDetermination of the focal length of the convergent lens.

nDetermination of the focal length of the combination of convergent lenses.

nVerification of the relation.

nDetermination of the principle points of the lens system

1 1 1 d

1 2 1 2F f f f f+

Accessories

NV6030Carey Foster's Bridge Setup

NV6030 Carey Foster's Bridge Setup is used for the

measurement of very low resistances, although it can be used to

find small differences between large resistances. It can measure

the decimal value of resistance. Our Carey Foster's bridge Setup

consists of two parts one is bridge arrangement and other one is

its testing unit. Testing unit contains DC power supply,

Galvanometer and adjustable resistances on a single board. DC

power supply solves the problem of discharging a battery or a

cell with respect to time which affects the result. Sensitivity of

Carey Foster's bridge is the same as the sensitivity of the

Wheatstone bridge as it uses the same fundamental principle.

Mains Supply : 230V AC ±10%, 50Hz

Fuse :0.5A

DC Power Supply : 3V

Variable resistance : 0-100 W

Galvanometer :

Deflection : 30-0-30

Resistance : 80W

Wire :

Type : Constantan

Length : 1 m

SWG : 28

Diameter : 0.37 mm

Resistance : 10W (2 Nos.)

Bridge scale : 0-100 cm

Jockey : Copper


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Precise Bridge arrangement

Galvanometer, resistances and DC power supply are provided on a single board

Low temperature coefficient Constantan wire

DC power supply in place of a cell or battery

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nMeasurement of low resistance using the Carey Foster's Bridge without calibrating the Bridge wire.

nDetermination of the specific resistance of the Constantan wire using the Carey Foster's Bridge.

nMeasurement of low resistance using the Carey Foster's Bridge after calibrating the Bridge wire.

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NV6031Stefan's Law Trainer

NV6031 Stefan's Law Trainer illustrates about the basic

phenomenon of thermodynamics. The Trainer gives idea about

how energy loss depends on temperature. Stefan's Law states

ththat the power radiated by a body is proportional to the 4 power

of the absolute temperature. The phenomenon can be studied

using a light-bulb filament used as radiating body. The power

can be determined from the voltage and current of the filament.

The temperature of the filament can be determined indirectly by

first computing the electrical resistance and then using a

standard resistance versus temperature relationship.

Voltmeter : 0 -10V

Ammeter : 0 - 500mA

Bulb :

Type : (Neon)

Operating Voltage : 12V DC

Variable Resistance : 1KW

Mains Supply : 230V AC ±10%, 50Hz

Fuse : 500 mA


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Inbuilt Ammeter and Voltmeter

Variable DC supply

Easy to Operate

Designed with all Safety Precautions

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nVerification of Stefan's law by electrical method.

nStudy the temperature dependence of total radiation and hence verify the Stefan's law.

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NV6032Calibration of Voltmeter and Ammeter using Potentiometer

NV6032 Calibration of Voltmeter and Ammeter by Potentiometer

is very useful setup to understand the functioning and calibration

of Potentiometer, Voltmeter and Ammeter. It is a complete setup

with training board, Potentiometer and Calibration unit.

Calibration unit has a Voltmeter and an Ammeter, which can be

Calibrated by Potentiometer. A Potentiometer is an instrument

designed to measure an unknown voltage by comparing it with a

known voltage. It has a high degree of accuracy. The

potentiometer is used extensively for the calibration of

voltmeters and ammeters, and provides a standard method for

calibration of these instruments. The potentiometer is used

extensively for the calibration of voltmeters and ammeters, and

provides the standard method for calibration of these

instruments.

Analog Voltmeter : 0 - 10V

Analog Ammeter : 0 - 1A

Potentiometer Wire : Constantan

Length : 10 meters

DC Supply (Standard) : 1.016 V

Variable Resistance : 3 - Decade

: X 0.1E, X 1E, X 10E

Voltage Ratio Factor : 0, 1.5, 15, 30, 150, 300

Total Resistance : 15K E

Variable Supply : 0 - 12 V

Mains : 230 V ±10, 50 Hz

Fuse : 0.5 A


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Inbuilt meters

Complete Setup requires no other accessories

Compact design

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

nStudy of Standardization of the DC Potentiometer

nCalibration of Voltmeter using DC potentiometer

nCalibration of Ammeter using DC potentiometer

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NV6034 Current Carrying Coil Setup is useful to understand the

concept of Electromagnetism. This product is also known as

Stewart and Gee apparatus. This setup is helpful for the study of

magnetic field around a current carrying coil. The setup

illustrates how magnetic field generates by applying electric

current in any current carrying conductor. For this purpose

Tangent Galvanometer is used, which is based on Tangent law of

magnetism.

Scope of Learning

¡Determination of the radius of a current carrying coil

¡Determination of the magnetic field with the variation of distance along the axis of current carrying coil

¡Verification of Biot Savart's Law

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A complete setup with all accessories

Precise Tangent Galvanometer

Sliding Magnetometer

Provided with DC power supply

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

NV6034Current Carrying Coil Setup

X'

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Distance

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Mains : 230 V AC ±10%, 50 Hz

DC Power Supply : 5 Volt, 2.6 A

DC Ammeter : 0 - 3 A

Tangent Galvanometer

Type : Stewart and Gee

Scale : 50 - 0 - 50 cm

Magnetometer

Pointer : Aluminium

Quadrant : 0° - 90° (Four)

Coil

Bobbin : Aluminium

Diameter : 19 cm

Wire : Insulated copper

Turns : 0 to 5, 50, 100, 200, 500


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NV6037 Desauty`s and Schearing Bridge Trainer is useful for

measuring very small value of Capacitance. By setting the null

point, we can evaluate the unknown capacitance. To set this

point, null detector with amplifier circuit is implemented on

trainer board. NV6037 is based on the principle of Wheat Stone

Bridge. A Function Generator is provided for Frequency and

Amplitude variation. Null detector section includes differential

amplifier, audio amplifier and speaker.

Scope of Learning

¡Determination of unknown capacitance using Desauty Bridge method

¡Determination of unknown capacitance using Schearing Bridge method

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A Complete set up with all necessaries accessories

Inbuilt Function Generator

Microcontroller based Frequency Counter

Null detector with audio amplifier and speaker

e-manual

2 Year Warranty

NV6037Desauty's and Schearing Bridge Trainer

Sine Wave Generator :

Frequency range : Selectable

l 500 Hz to 1 KHz

l 1 KHz to 10 KHz

l 10 KHz to 60 KHz

Amplitude control output :

Sine wave : Up to 8 Vpp

Speaker : 8 Ohm

Display : LCD

Fuse : 500 mA, slow blow

Mains : 230 V AC ±10%, 50 Hz

Unknown Capacitors : 0.1 ìF, 0.22 ìF, 0.47ìF


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NV6040 Young's Modulus Setup is a complete system used to

determine Young's Modulus of Elasticity of materials. When a

metal wire is stretched beyond its elastic limit then its cross

section is reduced i.e. its structure is changed internally. These

changes increase with repeated drawings. The hardness and

elasticity of the material are profoundly affected. Setup is used to

investigate the change in length of a sample under a varying

tension.

Scope of Learning

¡Determination of Young's Modulus of Elasticity of the given samples by bending.

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Precise measurement by Spherometer

Self-contained and easy to operate

Buzzer indicator

Samples – Aluminium, Brass, and Iron

A complete setup with stand, weights and different samples

e-Manual

NV6040Young's Modulus Setup

Sample 1 :

Material : Iron

Length : 100 cm

Breadth : 2.5 cm

Depth : 0.6 cm

Sample 2 :

Material : Brass

Length : 100 cm

Breadth : 2.6 cm

Depth : 0.5 cm

Sample 3 :

Material : Aluminium

Length : 100 cm

Breadth : 2.55 cm

Depth : 0.5 cm

Weight (6 nos.) : 500 gm

Spherometer :

Main scale : 10 - 0 - 10 mm

Circular scale : 100 divisions

Least Count : 0.01mm

Power Supply : 230 V +10%, 50 Hz

Adaptor Output : 12 V DC


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NV6041 Post Office Box Trainer is the combination of

resistances which work on the principle of Wheatstone Bridge.

Post Office Box is helpful to determine the unknown resistance

of wires like Constantan, and Nichrome etc. With the help of

NV6041 we can determine the specific resistance of different

types of wire. Post Office Box can also verify the combination of

resistances in series and parallel.

Scope of Learning

¡Determination of unknown resistance

¡Determination of resistivity of the material of wire

¡Verification of effects of resistances in series and parallel

Mains : 230 V AC ± 10%, 50 Hz

Fuse : 500 mA

DC Power Supply : 5V

Galvanometer

Deflection : 30 – 0 – 30

Resistance : 80 W

Unknown Resistance

Type : Variable

Range : 0 – 10 KW

Wire Samples :

Constantan : 1 meter

Nichrome : 1 meter

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Sample : Constantan, Nichrome

Provided with DC power supply

Compact design

Easy to operate

e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

NV6041Post Office Box Trainer


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NV6043 Thermal Expansion Trainer (Pullinger's Apparatus)

illustrates the concept of conduction of heat in solids. With the

help of this product one can understand how Linear Thermal

expansion occurs in solids. Pullinger's Apparatus is used to

determine Coefficient of Linear Expansion of a given sample.

Thermal Expansion Coefficient is a thermodynamic property of

a substance or we can say Thermal Expansion is the tendency of

matter to change in volume in response to a change in

temperature

Scope of Learning

¡To determine the co-efficient of Linear Expansion of a given Sample

¡Comparison of the coefficient of thermal expansion of given samples of material & verification of

α < α < α copper brass aluminium

Steam jacket

Type : Brass

Length : 50 cm

Diameter : Inner 2.5 cm

Outer 3 cm

Sample

Type : Copper, Steel, Aluminium

Length : 52 cm

Diameter : 10 mm

Spherometer

Main Scale : 10 - 0 - 10 mm

Circular Scale : 100 divisions

Least Count : 0.01 mm

Buzzer indicator : 1.5 - 15 V DC

Power Supply : 230 V ±10%, 50 Hz

Adaptor Output : 5 V, 500 mA

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Precise measurement by Spherometer

For heating Electric Oven is provided

Buzzer indicator

Samples for study– Copper, Brass, Aluminum

Self- contained and easy to operate

e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

NV6043Thermal Expansion Trainer


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NV6042Resloving Power of Telescope

Scope of Learning

¡To determine Resolving Power of a Telescope

Resolving Power of Telescope NV6042 helps students to

understand the fundamental principle of Telescope. Telescope

used to gather and focus light. A Telescope with better resolving

power will reveal smaller surface features on the surface of the

Moon or a planet. If a Telescope has good resolving power, then

magnifying the image can be seen with fine details. Resolving

Power of Telescope is the ability to see really small details so

objects that are close together in the sky are easily seen as

separate. The resolving power of a Telescope is indirectly related

to the diameter of the main mirror or lens. However it is limited by

the Earth's atmosphere. Large Telescopes do not have better

resolving power than modest size Telescopes.

Slit :

Stripes Width : 1 mm

Separation between Stripes : 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm

Variable Rectangular Slit :

Main scale : 5 mm

Circular scale : 50 divisions


Eyepiece : 10X(Ramsden)

Sodium vapor lamp :

Wavelength : 5893?

Mains Supply : 230 V ± 10%, 50Hz

Wattage : 35 W


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Provided with variable rectangular slit

Crosswire- Eyepiece

Wide aperture optics

Rack and pinion arrangement focusing

Sodium Lamp as Monochromatic Light Source (Optional)

Durable and precise construction

e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

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NV6045

The NVIS Ray Optics Study Setup, NV6045 is designed to

provide a comprehensive introduction to laboratory optics.

Optics is a branch of physics that describes the behavior and

properties of Light and the interaction of light with matter. We

interact with light that has interacted with objects to determine

such things as the color, shape, and position of the objects. In

studying optics we still gain our information by interacting with

light that has interacted with objects. But in studying optics we

want to know more about optical properties like Reflection,

Refraction, Diffraction, Inference. NV6045 is designed such that

all the basics of light and optics can be understood easily. This

product is supplied with Laser light source and Ray table scale

for measurement of different parameters.

Scope of Learning

¡Verification of Reflection of Light

¡Verification of Refraction of Light

¡Total Internal Reflection Demonstration

Laser source

Wavelength : 630 nm


D-Shape Lens

Material : Acrylic

Ray Table : Four Quadrants of 90°

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Laser light source

Ray table for measurement

e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Ray Optics Study Setup

Boyle's Law Demonstrator, NV6050 helps students to

understand the relation between Pressure and Volume. Gas

laws are basics laws that give the relation between the three

basic properties of gas like Temperature, Pressure and Volume.

Robert Boyle stated that the volume of a fixed mass of ideal gas

at constant temperature is inversely proportional to the gas

pressure. All other laws are derived from ideal gas equation like

Charle's Law, Gay-Lussac's law, Avagadro's law etc. The

experiment will help students to understand the Ideal Gas law :

PV = nRT

Scope of Learning

¡Verification of Boyle's Law

Pressure Gauge : 0 - 2.1 kg/cm2

Syringe : 0 - 50 ml

Dimensions (mm) : L 265 ́B 175

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Large syringe for Accurate Volume Measurement

High quality Pressure Gauge

2 Year Warranty

NV6050Boyle’s Law Demonstrator

Pressure

Volume


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NV6101

Hall Effect Trainer

The Hall Effect Trainer NV6101 is a very useful system for the

laboratory. It is used for the study of Hall Effect and its

measurement. The Hall Effect is an important observation in

material science. If an electric current flows through a conductor

in a magnetic field, it exerts a transverse force on the moving

charge carriers which tends to push them to one side of the

conductor. It will balance this magnetic influence and producing

a measurable voltage between two sides of the conductor. This

voltage is called as Hall voltage.

This system is provided with Gauss and Tesla meter with an InAs

sensor for measurement of magnetic field. Measurement unit is

given for measuring Hall voltage, probe current, heater current

and thermo-emf. Constant current power supply is provided

for electromagnet which produces the magnetic field. This

trainer can be used to calculate the carrier density, mobility of

charge carrier, Hall coefficient of given semiconductor material

etc. We can study the effect of temperature in semiconductor

material and relation between magnetic field and Hall voltage.

Setup consist of the following equipments :

?Gauss & Tesla Meter NV621

?Measurement Unit NV622

?Constant Current Power Supply NV623

?Electromagnet

?Hall probe with Oven and Thermocouple

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semiconductor

A Hall Effect probe is provided with p type germanium crystal with oven

Provided with InAs sensor for measuring magnetic field

Gauss and Tesla meter for measuring magnetic field with LCD and PC interface facility

A thermocouple is provided for thermo-emf measurement

Provided with an Electromagnet

Provided with the power supply unit for an electromagnet

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

A complete setup for the study of Hall Effect in

¡Measure the magnetic field by Gauss and Tesla meter

¡Find the poles of an electromagnet with the help of Hall probe and Gauss meter

¡Measurement of Hall voltage

¡Calculate the charge carrier concentration (density) of semiconductor crystal

¡Calculate the Hall coefficient of Ge 'p' type crystal

¡Calculate the mobility of charge carrier particles

¡Study the Hall voltage as a function of current at constant magnetic field

¡Study the Hall voltage as a function of magnetic filed at constant current

¡Study the dependence of Hall Effect coefficient on temperature

Scope of Learning

Microcontroller Based LCD screen for Measurement of Magnetic Field in Gauss and Tesla, with PC Interface facility.

Sensor : InAs for better sensitivity

Range : 0 - 20 K Gauss

Indicates the direction of the magnetic field

Resolution : 1 Gauss

Mains Supply : 230 V ±10 %, 50 Hz

Dimension (mm) : W 198 × D 285 × H 90

a) Measurement of probe current and hall voltage

Digital Display : 0 - 200 mV

Current : 0 - 20 mA

Accuracy : 0.2 % of the reading 1 of digit

Load Regulation : 0.03 % for 0 to full load

b) Measurement of Thermo emf and heater current - Digital Display

0 - 20 mV (100 microvolt Min.)

Accuracy : 0.1 % of reading 1 digit

Current : 0 - 1 A

Accuracy : ± 0.2 % of the reading 1 of digit

c) Hall probe

Crystal : P - type lightly dopped

Resistivity : 6 - 7 ohm.cm

Thickness : 0.50 mm 2 %

d) Oven

Maximum constant current : 750 mAOMaximum temperature : 90 C

e) Temperature sensor

Temperature is measured with Chromel-Alumel thermocouple with its junction at a distance of 1mm from the crystal.

Thermocouple : Chromel-Alumel (Thermo e.m.f. chart is provided)

f) Mains Supply : 230 V ±10 %, 50 Hz

g) Dimension (mm) : W 262 × D 316 × H 130

Current range : 0 to 3.5 A

Output Voltage : 40 V

Display : 3½ digit, 7 segment

Mains Supply : 230 V ±10 %, 50Hz

Dimension (mm) : W 262 × D 316 × H 130

Poles : 25 mm diameter

Coils : 2 Nos.

Resistance : 2.2 Ohms (approx.)

Yoke : U shaped soft iron material

Input voltage : 40 V, 3.5 A

Weight : 16 Kg (approx)

Dimension (mm) : W 400 × D 215 × H 235

Electromagnet


NV621Gauss & Tesla Meter

NV622Measurement Unit

NV623Constant current Power Supply

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NV6102Measurement of susceptibility of paramagnetic solution (Quinck's Tube Method)

NV6102 Measurement of susceptibility of paramagnetic

solution is a laboratory setup to measure susceptibility of

paramagnetic solution by Quinck's tube Method. Susceptibility

refers to that quantity of a substance by virtue of which the

substance get magnetized. In other words, it refers to the extent

of induced magnetization in unit field. On the basis of

Susceptibility a substance can be classified as diamagnetic,

paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substance, which is an

important observation in material science.

Setup Consist of the following equipments :

lQuinck's tube with stand

lElectromagnet

lTravelling Microscope (optional)

lGauss and Tesla Meter NV621 with InAs probe

lConstant current power supply NV623

lParamagnetic sample

1. Quinck's Tube

It is a U-shaped glass tube. One of the limbs of the tube is wide and the other one is narrow. Wide limb of the tube is fitted with the stand.

2. Paramagnetic samplesIt includes with two paramagnetic material one is Ferric Chloride (Fecl ) and other is Mangnese Sulphate (MnSo ).3 4

3. Electromagnet :Poles : 25 mm diameterCoils : 2 No.

Resistance : 2.2 Ohms (approx.)

Yoke : U shaped soft iron material

Input voltage : 40 V, 3.5 A

Weight : 16 Kg

4. Constant current power supply NV623Current range : 0 to 3.5 AOutput Voltage : 40 VDisplay : 3½ digit, 7 segmentMains : 230 V, ±10%

5. Gauss and Tesla meter NV621Microcontroller Based LCD Display For Measurement of Magnetic Field in Gauss and Tesla, With PC Interface facility. It can indicate the direction of the magnetic field.

Sensor : InAs for better sensitivity

Range : 0 - 20 Kg

Indicate the direction of the magnetic field

Mains Supply : 230 V ±10%, 50Hz

Hall probe Crystal : P- type lightly dopped

Resistivity : 6 - 7 ohm.cm

Thickness : 0.50 mm 2%

Travelling Microscope (optional)

Optics : True achromatic objective with 75mm focusing distance 10X Ramsden eyepiece with fine cross wire

Scale :

Horizontal scale : 20 cm divided at 0.5 mm interval

Vertical scale : 14 cm divided at 0.5 mm interval

Vernier scale : 50 division with a least count of 0.01 mm

Dimension (mm) : W 400 × D 215 × H 235

Dimension (mm) : W 262 × D 316 × H 130

Dimension (mm) : W 198 × D 285 × H 90


Scope of Learning

nMeasurement of susceptibility of Ferric Chloride (Fecl ) 3

Paramagnetic solution

nMeasurement of susceptibility of Mangnese Sulphate

(MnSo ) Paramagnetic solution4

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Quink's tube is provided with measuring scale

Provided with a magnifying lens

Gauss and Tesla meter for measuring magnetic field with LCD and PC interface facility

InAs Probe for better sensitivity of magnetic field

Provided with an Electromagnet

Provided with the Constant Current Power Supply for an Electromagnet

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

NV6103e/m measurement setup

Nvis Model NV6103 e/m measurement setup is a very useful for

Physics and Basic Science Laboratories. This is used to find the

specific charge density of a electron particle in a CRT by

Thomson method using BAR magnet. This system provided

with a power supply unit for CRT and Deflection Magnetometer

with stand arrangement and mounting stand for CRT. NV6103

have a microcontroller based instrument with LCD display for

displaying deflection voltage. It is highly secure and stable

system.

Cathode Ray Tube:

Distance between Plates d=0.3 cm

Length of Plates l =2 cm

Distance between Screen and Plates (edge) L =14.5 cm

Focusing Voltage : Variable 0 to 300 V DC

Intensity Adjustment Voltage : Variable 0 to 60 V DC

Deflection Voltage : Variable 0 to 50 Volt

Scale : 0 to 30 cm each side

CRT Connection :By Octal socket

LCD :16× 2

Deflection Magnetometer : 0 to 360°


Fuse : 500 mA

Dimension of Power Supply (mm.) : W 215 × D 195 × H 130


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Microcontroller based power supply instrument for CRT

LCD to measure deflection voltage

Focusing adjustment provided

Intensity adjustment provided

Cathode Ray Tube mounting on acrylic stand

Deflection magnetometer provided

Octal socket provided on the front panel of power supply for connecting CRT

Provided with Pair of bar magnet and Compass Box

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year warranty

Power Supply

and measurement unit

CRT

Stand

Deflection

Magnetometer

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NV6104Newton's Ring apparatus

NV6104 Newton' s ring apparatus is one of the basic experiment

at graduation level. With the help of this apparatus, the wave

nature of light is confirmed. It is based on the phenomenon of

interference of light waves obtained from single coherent (of

same frequency and constant or zero phase difference). The

phenomenon of Newton's ring, is the result of interference

between the partially reflected and partially transmitted rays

from both the lower curved surface of plano-convex lens as well

as upper surfaces of the glass plate. When viewed with a

monochromatic light, it appears as a series of concentric,

alternating bright and dark rings centered at the point of contact

between the two surfaces. The thickness of the film is radially

symmetrical and increases outwards from the point of contact.

By studying the ring pattern, we can determine the wavelength of

the monochromatic light and also the refractive index of a given

transparent liquid medium present in the wedge - shaped film.

Sodium Vapour Lamp :

Wavelength : 5893Å


Operating Wattage : 35W

Type : Plano - convex

Focal Length : 100 cm

Diameter : 6 cm

Magnification : 30 X

Weight : 5.7 Kg

Horizontal Movement Limit : 9 cm

Least Count of Circular Scale : 0.001cm

Dimensions : 5” x 3” x 3”

Lens :

Newton's Ring Microscope :


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A microscope with x-y-z axes movement

Horizontal measurement scale with fine and coarse movement screw

Cross wire in the field of view for ring's diameter measurement

Newton's ring assembly consisting of plano-convex lens mounted on an optically plane glass plate

Adjustable plane glass plate is provided to be inclined at 45º with respect to the vertical plain

Sodium vapour lamp as the monochromatic (5893Å) and broad light source

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Scope of Learning

n

diameters of Newton's rings.

nDetermination of the Refractive Index of a liquid transparent medium such as water using Newton's ring apparatus.

Determination of the Wavelength of sodium light by measuring the

NV6105Resistivity & Band gap Measurement(Four Probe method)

Nvis Resistivity and Band gap measurement of Semiconductor

is a versatile and useful system for Physics and Basic

Electronics Laboratories. In NV6105, we can find Band gap by

using four probe method. This is one of the widely used method

for measurement of Resistivity and Band gap of semiconductor.

A collinear four probe arrangement has been used. In this

system, we provide the pressure contacts with sample to take

quick measurement on a different position. Using this method

we can reduce error in measurement of Band gap and

Resistivity.

Four probe :

Sample

Oven

Measurement Unit

Contacts with sample : spring loaded

Space between probes : 2 mm ±2%

Probes : Collinear

Material : Germanium crystal

Type : n-type

Thickness : 0.50 mm.

Maximum Temperature : Room Temperature to 200°C (max)

Heater Resistance : 37ohms (approx.)

Maximum heater Voltage : 45V

Digital Voltage measurement :

Display : 3½ digit, with auto polarity

Range : X1(0-200mV) and X10(0-2V)

Resolution :100mV at X1 range

Constant Current Generator :

Current Range : 0 to 20mA

Resolution : 1mA

Accuracy : ±0.25% or ±1 digit

Open Circuit Voltage : 18V

Oven Mains Supply :

Input : 230VAC ± 10%

Heating Options :

a) Low : 40V AC b) High : 45V AC

Temperature Measurement :

Mercury Thermometer Range : 0 -150 °C


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A complete setup for measurement of Resistivity & Band gap

Four individually spring loaded probe arrangement is provided

Collinear and equally spaced probe

The probes are mounted in a Teflon bush, which ensure a good electrical insulation between the probes

Germanium crystal in the form of a chip is provided

Oven arrangement with safety precaution

Provision for low and high rates of heating

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Newton's Ring Microscope

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NV6106Semiconductor Energy Band-GapMeasurement Trainer

NV6106 Semiconductor Energy Band-Gap Measurement

Trainer introduces you to a very useful nonlinear electronic

device: “diode”. This trainer familiarizes the characterstic and

the energy band gap of Germanium semiconductor diode.

Semiconductor diode is an important element of most electronic

devices and play an essential role in modern technology,

because of its relevant conductivity. This trainer provides the

crucial framework, which needed to understand the concept of

an energy band gap and characteristic of a diode. Conductivity is

directly related to energy bands and it is necessary for any

detailed description of semiconductor devices. The trainer is

based upon reverse diode characteristic, in which conductivity

depends on temperature.

DC Power Supply

+ 15 V, 2.5 A

+ 5 V, 2.6 A

Diode

O A79 P - N junction

Germanium Type

Switch

1 Pole, 2 Ways

Toggle Type

Display

Type : LCD

Oven

Height : 77 mm

Width : 74 mm

Coil : Nichrome Wire

Fuse : 0.5A

Mains : 90 - 275 V, 50 / 60 Hz

Dimensions (mm) : W 250 D 130 H 30´́


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Designed with all safety standards

Easy understanding circuit arrangement, with diagram interpretation.

Onboard voltage and current measurement.

Extensive e-Manual

PC Interface

Scope of Learning

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nDetermination of Charge sensitivity of Ballistic Galvanometer using capacitors.

nComparing capacitance of two condenser using Ballistic Galvanometer.

nStudy the logarithmic decrement for a Ballistic Galvanometer.

Determination of Ballistic constant by steady deflection method.

NV6107Ballistic Galvanometer Setup

NV6107 Ballistic Galvanometer Setup illustrates fundamental

information about electromagnetic induction. It concerns “how

electric field affects magnetic field and also reveals the

mechanism of current sensing devices”. Ballistic Galvanometer

setup enables not only to detect weak electric field but as well as

to measures it very precisely. Ballistic power supply is included

with setup, in which we can generate very weak ambient electric

field and can reveal this effect to the Ballistic Galvanometer as a

detected deflection of coil. Lamp and scale arrangement is

included for measurement of deflection.

Ballistic Galvanometer

Suspension Wire : Phosphor Bronze

Reflector : Concave Mirror

Coil Resistance : 100 ohm

Lamp & Scale

Lamp : Laser Light Source

Scale : 30-0-30 cm

Ballistic Galvanometer Mains Supply

Supply Voltage : 6V

Potentiometer : 5KW

Mains : 230 V ± 10%, 50 Hz

Fuse : 0.5A


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Power Supply for Ballistic Galvanometer

Moving Coil with large Moment of Inertia

Flexible Phosphor-Bronze Ribbon Suspension

Highly Sensitive Coil

Lamp and Scale Arrangement with Adjustable Stand

Deflection Measurement Scale

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Software Window

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NV6108 NV6109Hysteresis Loop Tracer Ultrasonic Measurement Lab

The Hysteresis Loop Tracer NV6108 is a versatile training

system for the physics laboratories.This trainer is useful in

understanding the basic concepts and fundamentals of

hysteresis loss in ferromagnetic substances.A precise

knowledge of various magnetic parameters of ferromagnetic

substances, i.e coercivity, retentivity, saturation magnetisation ,

hysteresis loss, and ability to determine these parameters

accurately are important aspects of magnetic studies.The

present set-up can accept the samples of different

ferromagnetic substances and diameter. The demagnetisation

effects and different samples has been taken into account

within the design. The equipment is complete in all aspects,

including a set of samples.

NV6109 Ultrasonic Measurement Lab is a very useful training

system for studying the various parameters of ultrasonic wave,

like velocity and distance measurement. With the help of this

setup, we can determine the velocity of ultrasonic wave in liquid

with a high degree of accuracy. NV6109 consists of two parts –

one is training board and other is liquid cell. The training board

contains Ultrasonic sensors, used for distance measurement

and object detection.

Display : 3 ½ digit

Mains Supply : 230 V ±10%, 50Hz

Sample :

Type : Soft Iron

Length : 39 mm each

Diameter : 1.2 mm each

Diameter of pickup coil : 3.21mm


Ultrasonic Interferometer

Quartz Crystal

Diameter : 20 / 14 mm

Thickness : 1.4 mm

Frequency : 2 MHz

Liquid Cell

Optimum Quantity of Liquid : 12 cc

Max. Displacement : 25mm of the Reflector

Least Count of Micrometer : 0.01 mm

Distance Measurement :

Ultrasonic Transducer : 28 cm to 1.0 m (approximately)

Clock Generator : 40 kHz

Amplifier : 60 dB

Threshold Detector : 0 to 9 V DC

Buzzer Indicator : 1.5 - 15 V DC

Power Supply : 230 V ± 10%, 50 Hz

Fuse : 500 mA

Display : LCD


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Display of magnetic field in gauss

Variable magnetic field

A good quality solenoid coil

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

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Liquid Cell for Velocity Measurement

Microcontroller based LCD

Ultrasonic Transducers as a Distance Meter

Ultrasonic Transducers as a Object Detector

Precise Signal Conditioning


e-Manual

Scope of Learning

Understanding the following magnetic parameters and their measurement by this set up:

nCorecivity

nRetentivity

nSaturation magnetisation

nVarious magnetic phase identification

nHysteresis loss

Scope of Learning

nStudy of Characteristic of Ultrasound

nMeasurement of the Distance using Ultrasonic Sensors

nStudy of Object Detection using Ultrasonic Sensors

nDetermination of the Velocity of Ultrasonic Waves in a non-electrolytic Liquid by Ultrasonic Interferometer

nDetermination of the Compressibility of a non-electrolytic Liquid by Ultrasonic Interferometer

Degree ofmagnetizationof tape or disc

Saturation

Saturation

D

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Strength of magnetizing

signal

Inpu

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B-H Curve

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Optics bench

Length : 1 meter

Laser source

Wavelength : 630 nm

Output : Less than 3 mW

Diffraction Grating : 300 L / mm or 600 L /mm or15000 L / inch

Scale

Horizontal : 10 - 0 - 10 cm

Vertical : 9 - 0 - 9 cm

NV6110 Measurement of of Laser by

Diffraction Grating is an Optical setup for understanding

the working of Diffraction grating and to determine the

wavelength of Laser light. Where a Laser is used as a

Monochromatic Light Source and a Diffraction grating for

getting a diffraction pattern.

Interference and Diffraction are the main phenomena

which demonstrate the wave nature of the light.

Diffraction grating allows a beam of light to be resolved

into different colors. It usually consists of thousands of

narrow, closely spaced parallel slits (or grooves).

With the help of this setup we can find out the wavelength

of any intense Monochromatic light.

Wavelength

Diffraction Grating

Screen

LaserSource

NV6110Measurement of Wavelength of Laser by Diffraction Grating

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A comprehensive and self contained Optics System

A complete system with Light Source, Bench and all

necessary accessories

Sliding stand for precise arrangement

2 Year Warranty


Diffraction Pattern

Light Sources

Light source is essential for any optics system. With a good

spectral light source, students can investigate energy levels

using spectrometer. In laboratory work generally artificial light

sources are used, necessary for understanding the behaviour of

optics phenomena. NVIS light sources are the toughest, most

reliable light sources available for the laboratories, providing

high intensity spectral light.


Output Power : 150 W

Mains supply : 230V ± 10%, 50 Hz

Output Power : 160 W

Wavelength : 400 - 800 nm

Wavelength : 5893?

This light source requires a special

power supply. Connecting directly to

the mains, may damage the Lamp.

Mains supply :

Mains supply : 230 V ± 10%, 50Hz

Operating wattage : 35W

Laser source NV654 :

Wavelength : 630 nm



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Designed considering all safety standards

Provided with a slit mask for different slit-plates

Holes are provided to exhaust the hot air

Easy to operate

Inbuilt cooling fan is provided for halogen lamp

Extensive e-Manual

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NV651

NV652

NV653

NV654

Incandescent light source

Mercury light source

Sodium light source

Laser source

Sodium vapour lamp

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NV656 Spectrometer Set-Up is useful for understanding the behaviour of light and it concerns the phenomena of Reflection, Refraction, Diffraction and Interference of light. Optical spectrums are important for any detailed description of light source and wavelength determination for each colour of light. Spectrometer is basically an instrument for observing spectrums and measuring angle of deviation of light in a particular medium, for mathematical calculations. Set-Up comprises of spectrometer, prisms, grating and light source, which are necessary for all the basic experiments of spectrometer.

Scope of Learning

?To determine the Wavelength of main spectral line of mercury light using plane transmission grating and spectrometer.

?To determine the Refracting Angle of prism using spectrometer.

?To determine the Refractive Index and Dispersive Power of prism using spectrometer.

?To determine the Refractive Index of transparent liquid like water using a hollow prism and spectrometer.

?To draw a graph between the Angle of Minimum Deviation d m

and wavelength l, for different colours of light using spectrometer.

?To plot a graph between Angle of Incidence and corresponding Angle of Deviation using prism and spectrometer.

?To draw a graph between the Refractive Index m and Wavelength l for different colour of light and to verify Cauchy's formula.

Technical Specifications :

Base:

Type : Cast iron

Circle dia : 150 mm. (6”)

Scale :

Type : Stainless Steel

Main scale : 0 - 360°

Vernier scale : 30 div

Collimator :

Tube length : 160 mm.

Focal length of

Achromatic lens : 175 mm. (approx.)

Telescope :

Tube length : 185 mm.

Focal length of

Achromatic lens : 175 mm. (approx.)

Prism

Geometry : 50 × 50 mm. equilateral

Refractive index : 1.51

Hollow prism : 50 × 50 mm. equilateral

Plane transmission grating : 15,000 L/inch or 300 L/mm

Light source : Mercury lamp

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A complete setup with all necessary items

Adjustment of entrance slit is provided

Prism table for accurate component placement

Crosswire - Eyepiece

Wide aperture optics


Durable and precise construction

NV656Spectrometer Set-up

NV657Travelling Microscope

Base : Iron

Scale : Stainless Steel

Vertical Scale

Main Scale : 0 - 150 mm

Vernier Scale : 0 - 1 mm


Horizontal Scale :

Main Scale : 0 - 180 mm

Vernier Scale : 0 - 1 mm


Eyepiece : 10 X (Ramsden)

Technical SpecificationsTravelling Microscope, NV657 is extensively used in Research,

Colleges, Schools and Industrial laboratories for accurate

measurement of the diameters of different objects. Two slow

motion knobs are provided for taking accurate readings. For

placing objects on horizontal stage, milky cenolite sheet is

provided on the base. The position of the Microscope can be

varied coarsely by sliding along the rails, or finely by turning a

screw. The microscope is focused by rack and pinion and has

achromatic objective of 50 mm focal length and eye piece with

cross line graticule.

Purpose of the microscope is to aim at reference marks with

much higher accuracy compared with bare eyes .It is used in

labs to measure refractive index of liquids using the geometrical

concepts of ray optics. It is also used for more accurate

determination of small variation in the liquid levels, the refractive

index of liquids as well as in surface tension & diameter of

capillary tubes with precision.

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Wide Aperture Optics

Accurate and precise arrangement

Magnifying lens for reading


2 Year Warranty

Extensive e-Manual

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NV660Set of Polarizers

NV660 Set of Polarizers consist of identical units one is

Polarizer and other is Analyzer. A polarizer is a device that

converts an unpolarized or mixed-polarization beam of

electromagnetic waves (e.g. light) into a beam with a single

polarization state (usually, a single linear polarization).

Polarizers are used in many optical techniques and instruments,

and polarizing filters find applications in photography and Liquid

Crystal Display technology.

Circular Scale :

Range : 0° - 360°

Least Count : 1°

Diameter : 79 mm

Type : Brass

Polaroid :

Thickness : 0.1 mm

Type : Nitrocellulose Polymer

Aperture :29 mm


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Wide Aperture Optics

Accurate and Precise Arrangement

Freely Rotational Pointer

Extensive e-Manual

2 Year Warranty

Working of Polarizers

Illuminator

Polarizer

Sample

Analyzer

Observer

Analyzed light

Modified Polarizer Light

Polarized light

Incoherent light

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Easy to comprehend

Laser pointer is provided for clear vision of diffraction pattern

Diffraction slide with different types of pattern is provided

Shape memory alloy demonstration

Scanning Probe Microscope concept demonstration

Extensive e-Manual

Two Year Warranty

NV4500Introductory Nano Kit

NV4500 Introductory Nano Kit is a fundamental kit to

understand the basic concepts of Nano technology right from

the scaling to the characteristics at Nano level.

Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology are fields of

research in which scientists and engineers are manipulating

matter at the atomic and molecular level in order to obtain

materials and systems with significantly improved properties.

In this kit we are explaining about atomic arrangement in any

material. With the help of this kit we can also learn how atomic

arrangement changes the properties of material.

Shape Memory wire : Ni-Ti alloy

Dimension :

Length : 77 mm

Diameter : 0.7 mm

Magnifying Lens

Magnification : 10 X

Diameter of Lens : 40 mm

Laser source :

Wavelength : 630 nm


Hot Air Gun : 200 Watt

Diffraction Grating : With 8 different atomic arrangement


Scope of Learning

¡Understanding scaling of Nanotechnology.

¡Demonstration of arrangement of atoms in material using diffraction patterns.

¡Demonstration of Concept of scanning probe microscope using magnetic strip.

¡Demonstration of the change in atomic arrangement in Shape Memory Alloy.

Shape Memory Alloy Demonstrator

SPM Concept Demonstrator

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A complete solution to prepare a Nano TiO Solar Cell2

Provided with Transparent Conducting Glass Plates

Provided with Digital Multimeter

Provided with Light Source

Accessories are provided in a Carrying Case

NV4501Nano TiO Solar Cell Kit2

NV4501 Nano TiO solar cell kit is a Nanotechnology based kit. 2

This Kit explains how Nanotechnology helps in the field of

energy solutions. It illustrates energy conversion principles that

can be integrated with mainstream topics in physics, chemistry

and biology courses. It deals with thermodynamics of energy

conversion and technology's impact on society. The Hands on

approach of the kit enables students to make their own solar cell

and to study the performance.

Conductive glass plate:Tin Oxide coated

Dimension:2.5 ́2.5 cm. (square)

Resistance: 20 - 30 W

Electrolyte Solution:Iodine Electrolyte contain

Ethylene Glycol

Dilute Acetic Acid Solution:100 ml, pH 2-3 in distilled water

Labolene (Surfactant):20ml

Nano TiO2 Powder:10 gm

Hot Air Gun:200Watt

Light Source:Halogen lamp

Input:220-240V, 50/60Hz

Output Power:50Watt


Scope of Learning

¡Preparation of Nano TiO solar cell2

¡Study of solar cell in presence of sunlight

¡Study of solar cell by using halogen lamp

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A comparison between the Bulk and Nano size Iron Particles

Provided with Strong Magnet

Provided with Iron filing for Comparision

Accessories are provided in a Carrying Case

NV4502Ferro Fluid Demonstrator

NV4502 Ferro Fluid Demonstrator shows how magnetic

properties can exist in fluid state. Normally, a liquid is not

expected to exhibit any magnetic properties. However, when

nanoparticles of a magnetic material are dispersed in a liquid,

magnetic properties can be exhibited. The nanoparticles so

dispersed are not visible to our eyes. The magnetic fluid is

known as Ferro fluid. This is a colloidal suspensions of magnetic

nanoparticles. Ferro fluids have the captivating property of

exhibiting “spikes” when placed in the proximity of a strong

magnet. The aim of the experiment is to demonstrate the novel

properties in the material using nanoscience.

Scope of Learning

¡To study the comparison between the bulk and nano size iron particles in liquid

¡To study the occurrence of spikes in Ferro fluid

¡To Study drug delivery system using Ferro Fluid.

Magnified View showsnormal field instability

Ferro Fluid under the influence of strong magnetic field

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Nanotechnology

Physics

ContentsIt is an Innovative Technology Learning Software to provide

THEORETICAL, PRACTICAL and EXPERIMENTAL training

required for understanding the fundamentals of

Nanotechnology. It is a unique training program to deliver high-

quality courseware to Students & Teachers both.Objectives of Simtel?Teaching Tool for In-Class Teaching Programs?Student Learning Tool for their Individual Self Study?Corporate & Industrial Training Programs

Definition of Nanotechnology

History of Nanotechnology Scaling of Nano Photolithography Electrospinning

Technology Teaching Software

Technology Teaching Software

NV4515Artificial Muscle Trainer

Scope of Learning

¡To study the working of IPMC sample as a Actuator

¡To plot the graph between Displacements versus Voltage for a given IPMC sample

¡To plot the graph between Displacements versus Current for a given IPMC sample

¡To plot the graph between Voltages versus Current for a given IPMC sample (A nonlinear hysteresis behavior)

¡To study the working of IPMC sample as a Sensor


IPMC Sample (L × B × H) : 30.5 × 4.2 × 0.2 (mm)

Angular scale : 90° - 0° - 90°

DC Supply : -12 V to +12 V

Square Wave Generator :

Amplitude : 0 to 22 Vpp

Frequency : 1 - 21 Hz

Artificial Muscle Trainer, NV4515 is designed to provide

exposure of working with Ionic Polymeric Metal Composites

(IPMC) artificial muscles. IPMC is abbreviation of Ionic Polymer

Metal Composite or Compound. It is a synthetic replacement for

damaged human muscle tissue, or a powerful alternative for

hydraulic machinery that runs on electricity.

Developed for use as artificial muscles, IPMC can result in a

large shape deformation by applying a low voltage. Applying a

mechanical force to the substance will result in a proportional

voltage being applied onto the surface. Because of this it can be

used as a Sensor and an Actuator. IPMC is a type of electro

active polymer

It can be manufactured and cut in any size and shape or in

particular in the form of micro Sensors and micro Actuators for

MEMS applications. It consists of Nano sized metal particles,

and a very flexible polymer that never wears out (or at least takes

a long time).

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IPMC samples

Microcontroller based display

Angular scale for displacement measurement

Precise Signal conditioning


2 Year Warranty

e-Manual

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Contents

It is an Innovative Technology Learning Software to provide THEORETICAL, PRACTICAL and EXPERIMENTAL training required for understanding the fundamentals of Physics. It is a unique training program to deliver high-quality courseware to Students & Teachers both.

Objectives of Simtel

?Teaching Tool for In-Class Teaching Programs?Student Learning Tool for their Individual Self Study?Corporate & Industrial Training Programs

I ElectrostaticsII Current electricityIII Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism IV Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current V Electromagnetic WavesVI OpticsVII Dual Nature of Matter and RadiationsVIII Atomic NucleusIX Solids and Semiconductor DevicesX Principles of Communication

Nvis Catalog Book June 2009 WP (Physics&Nano) · PDF fileClap-Based Switching for Devices ......

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Transcript of Nvis Catalog Book June 2009 WP (Physics&Nano) · PDF fileClap-Based Switching for Devices ......