Nutrition ii
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NUTRITION II
Transcript of Nutrition ii
NUTRITION II
INDEX
1. Respiration and excretion
2. The circulatory system
3. Blood circulation
1.1 What is respiration?
O It is a process. We do it automatically.
O We obtain oxygen and expel carbon
dioxide
O Oxygen + nutrients= energy
O https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hc1Yt
Xc_84A
1.2 The respiratory system
O Consists of the air passageways and the
lungs
O The air passageways: Are the tubes
which air goes in and out of our bodies.
O The lungs: Are the two spongy organs
where the gas exchange takes place.
They are in the thoracic cavity (sternum,
the ribs and the spinal column)
1.3 Respiration
O Two breathing movements
O During inhalation: the lungs and the
thoracic cavity expand. Air enters through
the air passageways and ends at the
alveoli's.
O During exhalation: the lungs and the
thoracic cavity contracts. This pushes the
air that contain CO2 out of the body.
1.4 Excretion
O Is the elimination of waste substances
from the blood
O This process is carried out by the
excretory system.
O https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XF_lF
3J4ZKs
1.5 The excretory system
O Is made up of:
O The kidneys: they filter the blood and retain waste substances which make up urine
O The ureters: they carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
O The bladder: this stores the urine until is expelled from the body
O The urethra: urine is expelled through this tube.
1.6 Sweat and sweat glands
O It is a liquid that our body secretes
O It is formed in the sweat glands in the
skin
O It is made up of a ball-shaped coil and a
tiny tube that connects with a pore.
2.1 Blood
O This liquid reaches all the cells in our body
O Transports nutrients, oxygen, CO2 and
waste
O Is made up of: plasma and blood cells
O Red blood cells: they distribute oxygen
and make blood red
O White blood cells: protect the body from
illnesses
O Platelets: they attached to the vessels
walls
2.2 Blood vessels
O They are hollow tubes all over our body
O They circulate blood. There are 3 types:
O Arteries: carry blood from the heart to
other organs.
O Veins: carry blood to the heart
O Capillaries: connect arteries to veins and
circulate blood inside the organs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjNKbL_-
cwA
2.3 The heart
O It is made up of muscles. That work all the
time to pump blood around the body.
O It is divided into 2 halves. Each half it is made
up of 2 parts:
O Atria: these are the 2 upper parts. Blood from
the veins enters here.
O Ventricles: these are the 2 lower parts. Blood
leaves from here and travels through arteries.
O A valve connects each atrium to the ventricle
on the same side. Control direction of the
blood circulation.
3.1 What is blood circulation?
O Is the constant move of blood.
O Distributes nutrients, liberate oxygen and picks up waste substances.
O Every beat pumps blood to every cell. Two stages:
O Systole: contraction that makes blood flow to the arteries
O Diastole: relaxation that makes blood enter through the veins to the heart
3.2 Pulmonary circulation
O Is the movement of
blood between the
heart and the lungs
3.3 Systemic circulation
O Is the movement of
blood between the
heart and the rest
of the body
INDIVIDUAL WORK
O You have to do a work about the 2nd and
3rd points.
O You can do whatever you want ( video, art
work, poster,…) but related with the topic.
O Deadline: 11th of January. If you have any
doubt ask me via email.
