Nové trendy v optických přenosových sítíchpalo/Rozne/cisco-expo-2009/Presentati… · Grey...

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialTelefonica O2 1

Nové trendy v optických přenosových sítích

Jaromír Pilař ([email protected])Consulting Systems Engineer, CCIE 2910

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 2

DWDM The converged transport solution

IP Network TDM Network

DWDM NetworkScalable, flexible and lowest cost per bit to support IP traffic growth

and legacy infrastructure requirements.


Evolution of DWDM systems

Concept first published in 1970 with first system available in 1978 in the lab

Evolution is happening in many areas:– supported topologies

– number of transported channels

– support for new client channel types

– speed of transported channels

– reach of the system (amplification, compensation, FEC)

– functionality and flexibility

– management and integration with other equipment


Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP

Platform introduction and overview


Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP Fully reconfigurable, intelligent DWDM platform

• Carrier Class DWDM Transport• Combines TDM, Ethernet, SAN and video services (fully integrated with Cisco ONS 15454 MSPP)• Originally introduced in 2003 as advanced metropolitan DWDM platform (broad services range, 800 km reach)• Through several releases evolves into platform covering all requirements for enterprise BC/DR solutions, metropolitan DWDM networks and LH applications (2300 km in release 9.1)

• Flexible optical networking platform• Cost effective Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (ROADM) with support for optical mesh• Full band Tunable 10G Lasers, modular client interfaces• Tight integration with IP core routers (IPoDWDM strategy)

• Future proof extensible platform• Up to 112 wavelengths available for the platform today• Qualified for 40G Transport• Further developed to extend the reach and functionality



System performance, topologies and supported interfaces


Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP release 9.0:Network Topologies (examples w/o RAMAN)

Terminal Terminal

ROADM

40 Nodes2300km

Max. Distance w/o OEO

Single Span: 37dB max w/OSC44 dB max w/o OSC

ROADM

ROADM

ROADM

ROADM

ROADM

Terminal Passive OADMLine Amplifier TerminalAmplified ROADM

Point-to-Point 2300 km w/o OEO

• Ring

• Single span point to point

• Multi span point to point (bus)

• Optical mesh - manually patched (OIC) or using WXC (OXC)


Scaling number of channels50 GHz channel spacing in C-band, L-band

C-bandUp to 80 chs available in C-band

Same amplifier set as for 40 channels

Improved unregenerated reach leveraging on OPT-AMP-C

In-Service upgradeable configuration for low day-1 cost

Interleaver/deinterleaver

L-bandAdditional 32 chs available in L-band

Different set of amplifiers

C/L splitter combiner


Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP2.5Gbps Service Cards

SONET/SDH

2.5G Multi-Rate Transponder

8xESCON

2xGigabit Ethernet 2x1G FC/FICON1x2G FC/FICON

2.5G DataMuxponder

OC-3/STM-1OC-12/STM-4OC-48/STM-16

ETR/CLO1G FC/FICON2G FC/FICON

1xGigabit EthernetSDIDV6000HDTV

Ethernet SAN Video

Simple planning, sparing, and ordering with multi-rate, multiprotocol and pluggable opticsOptical, G.709 and payload monitoringFEC support at 2.5Gbps transponderG.709 support, trunk lasers 400GHz tunable in 100GHz grid Client 1+1, Y-cable and splitter protection


10Gb Enhanced Transponder

4xSTM16 → OTU-2

All 10G applications covered by 1 transponder, Aggregation cards reduce the cost of service deliveryFull C-band or L-band tunability - 80 channels @ 50GHz spacingFEC and EFEC support (G.975, G.975.1), G.709 supportOptical, G.709 and payload monitoring, Client 1+1, Y-cable protection and 'splitter' (XP)MLSE support for PMD challenged fiber

STM-64 10GE LAN and WAN PHY

8xGE

10G FC

4x2.5G Muxponder

8x 1G FC/FICON/ISC-14x 2G FC/FICON/ISC-32x 4G FC/FICON

10Gb Data Muxponder

SONET/SDH/OTN Ethernet SAN

Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP10Gbps Service Cards

GE/10GE CrosspondersGE/10GE

STM-64, OTU-2 client 10GE LAN and WAN PHY 10G FCOTU-2 Crossponder

MSPP on the BladeSTM 1/4/16 and GE


Pluggable client interfacesIntegrating flexible core with cost effective edge

Type/category Example

Grey optics 850 nm SFP 1000BaseSX, MMF FC clients

Grey optics 1310 nm SFP 1000BaseLX, SDH SR/IR clients, FC SMF clients

Grey optics 1550 nm SFP 1000BaseZX, SDH LR clients

Grey optics 1310 nm XFP 10GBaseLR, 10G FC, STM-64

Grey optics 1550 nm XFP 10GBaseER/EW/ZR, STM-64 LR

CWDM client optics GE, 1/2G FC, STM-16

DWDM client optics GE/10GE, 1/2/10G FC, STM-16/64, OTU-2

Metalic client SFP 10/100/1000BaseT for GE Xponder

SFP

XFP

BENEFIT: Lower opex through common sparing with other Cisco products

BENEFIT: Per port reach and rate selection

BENEFIT: Tight integration of CWDM and DWDM from network perimeter

BENEFIT: High transponder reusability for different services


40Gbps transportWhat is the market demand?

New modulation formats are needed!

Compatibility with existing 10G systems.


40Gbps transportTechnology options

Parameter 10G NRZ

ODB DPSK DQPSK PMQPSK

Required OSNR B2B (dB) 5 13 8.5 8 4Reach (km) >2000 >500 >1000 >1000 >200050 GHz Compatible Y Y Y Y YChromatic Dispersion Robustness with 1 / 2 dB of OSNR margin (+/-ps/nm)

500/800 250 650 750 20,000

PMD Robustness with 1 / 2 dB of OSNR margin (ps)

10 / 14 2.5 2.5 / 3.5 5 / 8 > 25

Complexity LOW LOW LOW MEDIUM HIGH


Sources of PMD in a DWDM System

Good Average Bad0.05 0.2 0.5

1.1 0.9 0.8 1.7 1.1 4.5 11.21.6 1.3 1.1 2.4 1.6 6.3 15.81.9 1.6 1.4 2.9 1.9 7.7 19.4

Fiber OnlyTotal (no

fiber)DCUsAMPsROADM Good Average Bad0.05 0.2 0.52.0 4.8 11.32.8 6.7 16.03.5 8.3 19.6

Total

5 10010 10015 100

Spans km

50010001500

Total (km)


40Gbps transportOptical Duobinary (ODB)

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

-100 -50 0 50 100

Relative Frequency (GHz)

Ral

ativ

e O

ptic

al P

ower

(dB

)

40G CS-RZ

10G NRZ

40G Duobinary

50GHz filter

Relative Frequency (GHz)

Duobinary is a three level signaling scheme (-1,0,+1) that uses correlation between adjacent bits, introducing intersymbol interference in a controlled way

The 2x narrower spectrum benefits optical filter and dispersion compensation robustness –allowing easier 40Gbps transmission over 10Gbps system


40Gbps transportDifferential Phase Shift Keying Encoding (DPSK)

Transmitted bit encoded as binary differential phase shift 0 or π, each bit interferes with preceding bitDPSK transmission can be performed either at constant power or going through the origin of the complex phasor plane:

0

1requires a phase

modulator

TXE0

1can be done with

a conventionalMZ modulator

TXE

Must be modified to fit into 50GHz channel spacing - DPSK+


DQPSK – 4-Level Phase Modulation

Four “signal points” are used

This way, each “phase”, or “signal point”, carries two bits

2π

0π

23π bits “00”

bit “10”

bits “01”bits “11”


PM-QPSK Solution

Dual Polarization QPSK with Coherent DetectionTransmitter: Two QPSK signals are muxed in

polarization‘10’

‘11’

‘00’

‘01’

20Gb/s

‘10’

‘11’

‘00’

‘01’

20Gb/s

Same Optical Bandwitdh as a

10G NRZ!!+ 40Gb/s

Laser

10Gb/s

QPSK1 Modulator10Gb/s

10Gbaud signal propagate into the fiber as a 10Gb/s signal40Gb/s = 10Gbaud

10Gb/s

QPSK2 Modulator10Gb/s


40Gbps transportWhat is Multi-Carrier-DWDM technology?

Multi-Carrier DWDM technology squeezes multiple 10Gbps signals in a single ITU-T compliant channel.

Advantages of this technique are:- 10G equivalent PMD robustness

- 10G based technology (reduce electronic complexity)

- Appropriate trade-off between cost and performances

Challenge is the filter pass-band and the ability to squeeze Nx10G signals or Nx20G signals in the deployed system.

50GHz100GHz

Phase 1100GHz-spaced

4xODB40G

(4x10G)

Phase 250GHz-spaced

2xDQPSK40G

(2x20G)


100 Gbps EthernetTimeline

JUL

SEP

NOV

JAN

MAR

MAY

JUL

SEP

NOV

JAN

MAR

MAY

JUL

SEP

NOV

JAN

MAR

MAY

JUL

SEP

NOV

JAN

MAR

MAY

JUL

SEP

NOV

2006 2007

HSSG Formed PAR

Approved

TASK FORCEFormed

2008

TF Review

2009 2010

WG Ballot

SponsorBallot STD!!!

D1

D2

D3

Cisco is working closely with IEEE and ITU

First demo with Comcast in June 2008 http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/2008/prod_062608c.html

IEEE focused on 40Gig E and 100Gig E LR

Target FCS 1HCY10



Reconfigurable OADM and optical mesh implementation


Reconfigurable OADMsKey for building future proof flexible optical networks

What will be the traffic demand ?

• Two main components – iPLC based wavelength selective switch (WSS) and demux (DMX), 2 pairs for degree 2 node• Fully controlled by software, fast switching time (< 5ms)• C band (32 odd, 40 odd, 40 even) and L band (32) versions

• BENEFIT: Any-to-Any protocol agnostics (SDH, IP, Ethernet and Storage) wavelength connectivity with software provisioning of wavelength paths

• BENEFIT: Foundation for dynamic, intelligent optical networks of different topology (linear, ring and mesh)


Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP ROADM implementationReconfigurable OADMs – principle of operation

DROP (W)DROP (W)1 32

32-DMX

SplitterSplitter

ADD (W)ADD (W)1 32

ADD (E)ADD (E)1 32

SplitterSplitter

DROP (E)DROP (E)1 32

32-DMX

32-WSS

32-WSS


R9.1

Single Module ROADM (SMR)Integrated

Amplifier(s)Integrated

Amplifier(s)

Integrated WXCIntegrated WXC

Integrated Optical Channel Monitor (OCM)

Integrated Optical Channel Monitor (OCM)

Integrated OSC add/drop

Integrated OSC add/drop

Next Generation ROADM Technology– Hyper Integration: ( Booster Amp / Pre Amp / WXC /

OSC add,drop / & OCM) Single Slot Line Card– Consumes ~40% less Power– Address up 40 ROADM applications

Two SMR versions– 15454-40-SMR1-C=

– 40chs Degree-2 ROADM with integrated Pre-Amplifier.

– 15454-40-SMR2-C=– 40chs Degree-4 ROADM with integrated

Booster & Pre Amplifier

Expanded Applications– In-Service OLA to ROADM upgrade– Place ROADM where OADM exist


Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP Optical mesh

WXC

WXC

ROADM

Line

Line

Line

Line

ROADMROADM

ROADMLine

Line

Line

WXC

Line

WXC

ROADM

WXC

ROADM NE still avalilable for cost-

savy OADM

WXC NE used only on high connectivity

nodes


Multi degree ROADM nodeKey element for building optical junctions

AB

C

DE

F

G

H

PP-MESH-8 WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

BB

PP

WXCWXC

MU

XM

UX

DM

XD

MX

BB PP

WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

PP

BB

WXCWXC

MU

XM

UX

DM

XD

MX

PPBB

WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

PP

BB

WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

PPBB

WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

BB

PP

WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

BBPP

• Uses new 40 channel MEMS based wavelength cross connect

• Up to degree 8

• Interoperates with current 32 channel ROADM and new 40 channel ROADM

• BENEFIT: Full optical mesh network with end-to-end wavelength provisioning


Multi degree ROADM nodeBlock diagram

A

B

C

D PP-MESH-4 WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

BB

PP

WXCWXC

MU

XM

UX

DM

XD

MX

BB PP

WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

PP

BB

WXCWXC

MU

XM

UX

DM

XD

MX

PPBB


Multi degree ROADM node Single degree detail

WXCWXC

MUXMUX

DMXDMX

BB

PP

A

B

C

D PP-MESH-4

1D 2D 3D 4D 40D...

1A 2A 3A 4A 40A...

1C 2C 3C 4C 40C...

1 2 3 4 40...


ROADM evolution - next steps

Directionless ROADM– ability to direct/redirect wavelength to desired direction

Colorless ROADM– ability to choose the port where wavelength is dropped in the node (make sense when used with tunable lasers)

Intelligent control plane - 'DWDM aware' GMPLS– ability to dynamicaly find the path in the network with validation of optical path parameters like OSNR, optical power, CD compensation, PMD, NLE etc.


What is a Colourless ROADM?

ROADMWest

ROADMEast

Coloured ROADMColourless ROADM functionalities can be understood comparing it with a Coloured ROADM (current MSTP ROADM)

– A Coloured ROADM always add/drop a given wavelength from/to a given port: channel #1 is always dropped on port #1– If it is required to reconfigure the connection to drop a different wavelength (i.e. channel) the new channel is sent to a different physical port: this would require to manually change the cabling of any connected client equipment

A colourless ROADM, on the contrary, can be reconfigured to drop ANY wavelength on ANY port:

– For instance we can start dropping the green wavelength – and reconfigure the ROADM to drop the red one on the same port– No re-cabling is required

ROADMWest

ROADMEast

Colourless ROADM


What is a Directionless ROADM?

ROADMWest

ROADMEast

Directional ROADMDirectionless ROADM functionalities can, again, be understood comparing it with a Directional ROADM (current MSTP ROADM)

– A Directional ROADM always add/drop a given wavelength from/to a given Line Side: channel #1 is always dropped from West Side– If it is required to reconfigure the connection to drop the channel from a different side the new channel is sent to a different physical port: this would require to manually change the cabling of any connected client equipment

A Directionless ROADM, on the contrary, can be reconfigured to drop ANY wavelength from ANY Line Side:

– For instance we can start dropping the red wavelength from the West Side– and reconfigure the ROADM to drop the red wavelength from the East Side on the same port– No re-cabling is required

ROADMWest

ROADMEast

Directionless ROADM

NxN Switch FabricNxN Switch FabricNxN Switch Fabric


Directionless ROADMAvailable in Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP release 8.5

AB

C

DE

F

G

H

WXCWXCBB

PP

WXCWXC

BB PP

WXCWXC

PPBB

WXCWXC

BB

PP

WXC

WXC

BB

PP

DMXDMX

MUXMUX

WXCWXC

BB

PP

DM

XD

MX

MU

XM

UX

Flexible Add/Drop

Mesh4-Degrees

Open ports can be utilized for additional directionless add/drop or to terminate

additional degreesDirectionless

Add/Drop

• Current architecture can support Directionless Add/Drop

• PP-MESH ports can be configured as Local Add/Drop ports or to support a specific direction

• Broacast&Select architecture allows to support more than simple P2P connections in the optical domain


DWDM integration with Metro Ethernet and MSPP

Xponders and MSPP on the Blade


What is Ethernet Enabled WDM

Enabled by Xponder cardsL2 intelligence on WDM – extension of IPoDWDMEthernet services are statistically multiplexed to maximize ring utilization Add and drop sub λ Ethernet trafficSub 50ms restoration times (RRR)ELINE and ELAN servicesMulticast with drop and continue approachScalable to connect multiple sites or provide multiple servicesConformance to MEF service and QOS definitions.

850nm 1310nm / 1550nm

DWDMλ

…

NxGE into 10G λDW

DMλ

…

NxGE into 10G λ

DWDM

λ

…

NxGE

into

10G λ

DWDMλ

…

Nx10GE into 10G λ


Ethernet enabled DWDMSolution components - GE/10GE XP/XPE

GE crossponder•20x GE ports (UNI)•2x 10GE ports (NNI)

10GE crossponder•2x 10GE ports (UNI)•2x 10GE ports (NNI)

Features•Smart optical ring protection based on G.709 overhead (sub 50 ms)•Configurable as muxponder, transponder, 10GE regenerator and in L2 switch mode•SFP for GE ports•XFP for 10GE ports (DWDM or 'grey')•Can interoperate with IPoDWDM card in routers•Enhanced version available in release 9 at lower price


Ethernet crossponding - modes of operationHow Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP Xponder operates

GE crossponder 10GE crossponder

20x GE

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10x GE 10x GE

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

20x GE

10GE(DWDM)

10GE 10GE

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE 10GE

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

20x GE muxponder

2x 10x GE muxponder

Layer 2 switch

2x 10GE LAN PHY transponder

Layer 2 switch

10GE LAN PHY regenerator

10GE(DWDM)

10GE

10GE(DWDM)

10GE LAN PHY protected transponder


Ethernet crosspondingExample of Layer 2 switch mode

10GE(DWDM)

10GE 10GE

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(DWDM)

10GE(Grey)

GE GE

10GE 10GE

10GE(Grey)

GE

10GE(DWDM)

Layer2VLAN

ProvisioningLayer1OCHCC / OCHNC

Provisioning


Cisco ONS 15454 MSTP flexible optical networkingMSPP on the blade

HW features•16 SFP Based Client (Grey and CWDM optics available)•Support of OC-3/OC-12/OC-48 and GE client signals•1 Trunks XFP Based supporting E-FEC/FEC and G.709•2 SR XFP supporting redundancy connection with protection board and Pass-through Traffic•GFP-F Mapping

SW features•OTN PM on Trunk•A to Z Circuit provisioning (STS layer) •SDH PM (B1, B2 on Trunk and aggregate) and Alarm Management (Line, Section and Path) •Ethernet RMON statistics•SNCP Protection

BENEFIT: Better lambda capacity utilization

BENEFIT: Higher service density and flexibility

BENEFIT: Compact MSPP integration


IP over DWDM

Architecture for converged NGN network


Traditional Core Network Architecture

RoutersAggregation of IP traffic to 10GFast restoration at Layer 3Performance monitoring L2/L3

Distinct IP and DWDM Management Planes

Control

Control

Distinct IP and DWDM Control Planes

Multiple Transponders per Wavelength (OEO)

Expensive Electrical Cross Connects (OEO)

Truck Rolls for Reconfiguration

Control

TDM Cross ConnectsGroom low speed circuits Fast restoration at Layer 1Performance monitoring L1

TranspondersConvert short reach to color

DWDMMultiplexing λs onto fiber


IP-over-DWDM ArchitectureSimplifying the network to support IP efficiently

Benefits

Control

Control

IP Network• Efficient interconnection

directly at 10/40G • Performance Monitoring • Fast L3 Protection - FRR

DWDM Network• Transparent Multi-Service Transport • WDM Automation (hiding complexity of fiber transmission)

Management and Control-plane coordination.

Less electrical processing (OEO).

Intellingent optical network. Point and click provisioning


Open DWDM standardizationReference Points in G.698.2

Linear unidirectional case shown

Standard also defines ring and bidirectional cases

Standard defines properties for Ss and Rs

Standard defines properties for the “Black Link“


Why Converge at the Optical Layer ? Optical Transport Layer is a standard – enables interop.

ITU-T G.709 Digital Wrapper

Optical Transport Layer is not so bit rate sensitiveAccomodate different speeds and new communication technologies without forklift upgrade

Optical Transport Layer is transparent and flexibleNatively supports Synchronous and Asynchronous servicesPoint-Point, Ring and Mesh Topologies

Optical Transport Layer provides the same OAM features as SDHOptical Transport Layer is scalable – can handle growth

Supports 40Gbps today, scale to 100Gbps+ per channel (wavelength)Multiple wavelengths per fibre (e.g. 80CH @ 50GHz spacing for C-band DWDM)

Optical Transport can provide very fast protection/restoration1+1 protection achieved with a few ms switchover times

Optical Transport has demonstrated economical price points not just in core, but also in aggregation & access networks

Multi-haul capability


IP over DWDM Impact on reliability

Element integration allows router visibility into transmission layer performance, enabling superior protection compared to transponder based networks

Fast Re-Route (FRR)

ROADMs

Signal Degradation

Cisco’s IPoDWDM Solution

TunableDWDM I/F

Trig

gere

d

DWDM hides signal degradation (FRR only acts when real failure)

Patch Panelor

Cross Connect

MPLS Fast Re-Route (FRR)Short

ReachOptics I/F

Transponders

Competitors SolutionOptical-Electrical-Optical (OEO)

Hitless


Q & A

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