NGST ESA Studies

1S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001


NGSTESA Studies

Stefano CristianiST-ECF

http://www.stecf.org/ngst


The ESA NGST story so far1996: ESA invited to participate in NGST studies

ESA NGST Task Group Report solicited

1997: Study Manager and Scientist appointed

1998: 2nd NGST Conference held in LiegeESA Industrial Studies initiatedESA Study Science Team formedESA members join Ad Hoc Science Working Group (ASWG)ESA/NASA HST/NGST Partnership Concept signed

1999: Design Reference Mission completed and rankedESA Industrial Studies completed3rd NGST Conference held in HyannisASWG completes instrument concept prioritization

2000: ESA F2/F3 Proposal submitted NASA/ESA instrument allocation negotiations completedESA Industrial Delta Studies InitiatedNGST participation selected as F2/F3 Mission


ESA pre-Phase A studies (1998-99)Telescope & Payload Suite

Contractors: Dornier Satellitensysteme, Alcatel Space, LAS (Marseilles) & UK Astronomy Technology Centre (Edinburgh)Science Leads: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS), Gillian Wright (UK-ATC)

Multi-Object/Integral Field SpectrographContractors: Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) & Dornier Satellitensysteme w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge, MPE & LeidenScience Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS)

Visible Wavelength Camera/SpectrographContractors: Matra-Marconi Space w. Dornier Satellitensysteme, Leicester, MSSL, LAS, UCL & Obs. Paris Science Lead: Martin Ward (Leicester)

On-Board Data ManagementContractors: Laben w. Dornier Satellitensysteme, Istituto di Fisica Cosmica (Milan), Arcetri, LAS, Leicester & Univ. College DublinScience Lead: Patrizia Caraveo (IFC)

Other Spacecraft Subsystems (In-house)


ESA pre-Phase A studies

• ESA Instrument Concepts Studied:•Visible Wide Field Camera

•Visible High Resolution Camera

•Visible Integral Field Spectrograph

•Near-IR Wide Field Camera

•Near-IR Integral Field Spectrograph

•Near-IR Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrograph

•Mid-IR Camera

•Mid-IR Integral Field Spectrograph•Write-ups Available at: http://astro.estec.esa.nl/NGST/woodshole.html


Integrated Science Instrument Module

ISIM


Integrated science instrument module

• Integrated module with shared components

• Severe constraints on:• Total mass• Volume • Power dissipation

• Only room for 3-4 instruments


• Ad Hoc Science Working Group recommendation based on DRM and NASA, ESA & CSA studies

• Recommendation spans three core instruments:

• Near-IR Wide Field Camera

• Near-IR Multi-Object Spectrograph

• Mid-IR Camera/Spectrograph

• Options for additional instrument/enhancements

Instrument complement

Available at http://www.ngst.nasa.gov/public/configured/doc_0549/rev_02/PSreportfinal.pdf

??

??


Additional instrument/enhancements

• Near-infrared R=3000-5000 integral field spectrometer (IFS)

• High spatial resolution 0.6-1µm camera

• Mid-infrared R=3000-5000 IFS

Would significantly enhance NGST capabilities

Three options:

??

Embraced by

Embraced by

MIRPGMIRPG


Near-infrared camera

• Characteristics• 0.6-5 µm coverage (InSb/HgCdTe)• 4 x 4 arcmin FOV• Nyquist-sampled at 2µm• 0.03 arcsec/pixel• 8192 x 8192 pixel mosaic• R~100 slit/grism mode?• Double as Fine Guider?

ESA NIR camera study concept (Dornier/LAS)

3 x 33 x 3

CONTROVERSIAL

CONTROVERSIAL

CONTROVERSIAL

CONTROVERSIAL


Near-infrared multiobject spectrometer

• Characteristics• 3 x 3 arcmin FOV• 1-5 µm coverage• R~1000• >100 simultaneous

sources• Micromirror/shutter

array technology• Configurable slit

width/length• R~100 mode?

ESA IFMOS study concept (LAS/Dornier)


Science with the NGST spectrograph

•The Design Reference Mission (DRM) has identified the major

science goals of NGST.

•Spectroscopy in the range 1-5m is required for:


Surface Density-Resolution

• Surface density vs.

apparent flux for various

samples of high redshift

objects with NGST-MOS

limiting fluxes for various

resolutions

• Surf. density of interesting

objects is fairly low.

• Resolution of interest

~1000


Origin of galaxies: typical scales

• At high-z, the lumps that

eventually merge to form

typical galaxies are expected

to be spread over several

arcmin.

• Protomembers of a small

group of galaxies, viewed at

z~3.

• White box = 3.4’x3.4’

[-CDM model of Kauffmann et al. 1999]


Flexibility: contiguous 2d Mapping

• Integration on the very faint

targets will be long

• During such integrations slits

can be used to scan the brighter,

more extended targets for which

a 2D map is meaningful and

does not require the full

integration at each location


Ongoing Near-IR spectrograph studiesMEMS-based Near-IR Multi-Object Dispersive Spectrograph I (175 kK)

Contractors: Astrium & Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille)

w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge, MPE & LeidenScience Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS)

MEMS-based Near-IR Multi-Object Dispersive Spectrograph II (175 kK)Contractors: Alcatel & Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille)

Science Lead: Denis Burgarella (LAS)

Alternatives to MEMS for slitmasks for a Near-IR Multi-Object Spectrograph (100 kK)ITT Issued: December 2000

Closing Date: February 23

Update to Integral Field Spectrograph (75 kK)Contractors: Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) & Astrium w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge,

MPE & Leiden

Science Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS)


Micro-mirror spectrograph: optical scheme

yardstick concept “classical” solution


Micro-mirror spectrograph: principle


Prototype MEMS devices

Micro-shutters

Micro-mirrors

90m


MEMS issues

• Technical readiness (Al and PolySilicon µ-

mirrors, µ-shutters)

• contrast (scattered light, diffraction effects)

• filling factor (gaps, holes)

• pitch, roughness, throughput, lifetime...


Near-infrared multiobject spectrometer

• Instrument to be provided by ESA with ESA funds:

• Definition, procurement and commissioning ESA’s responsibility

(like FOC on HST)

• Hardware to be procured through European industry/institutes via

open competitive tender

• Scientific oversight to be provided by competitively selected Instrument Science Team

• Two key US components:• Detector array• MEMS slit selector device• Procurement details to be decided


Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer

ESA MIR instrument concepts (Dornier/UK ATC/CEA-Sap/LAS)

Camera Spectrometer

Mid-IR Planning Group Report (Nov 2000):

Available at: http://astro.estec.esa.nl/NGST/mirppg_rep.pdf


Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer

• Instrument concept:

• Dual Camera/Spectrograph

• 5 - 28 µm coverage with separate channels for short and long

wavelengths

• 2 arcmin FOV for imaging

• Cross-dispersed R>1500 integral field spectroscopy (2-3” FOV)

• R = 100 spectroscopy in short wavelength module


Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer• Mid-IR Planning Group Report:

• Instrument procurement shared between ESA, NASA with CSA as minor partner

• US to provide:• Focal Plane Arrays and associated electronics, software for their

control, cryocooler, project office

• Europe to provide:• Space qualified, fully tested optical system, including all optics and

their mechanisms plus associated electronics and software

• Shared AI&T, calibration and commissioning roles TBD by MISC

• Joint Instrument Science Team led by two Co-Pis

• Shared Guaranteed Time Programme (~1000 hrs)


NASA/ESA/CSAMid-IR Instrument

Partnership Planning Group

NASA/ESA/CSA Mid-IR InstrumentSteering Committee (MISC)

Initial design/oversight/co-ordination

Confirmation Process

European Optics Module Development

Science Institutes + Industr.

ESA-Sponsored (200 kEuro)Optics Module Definition Study

Science Institutes + Industr.

High-levelInstrument Concept

Detailed Instrument Concept Specifications,Costs, Definition of Responsibilities

Phase A level Optics Module Design + Costing

Technical/ManagementProposals & FinancialCommitments

05/00 11/00

01/01

08/01 04/02

02/02 07/02

07/02 01/06

ITT Process

04/01

Solicitation of Application for Membership of MISCand Expression of Interest

in Mid-IR Instrument

04/0212/00 05/01

Mid-IR Instrument:Foreseen European Procurement


Activity2000 2001 2002

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

NIR SpectrographMOS/MEMS Study (Astrium)MOS/MEMS Study (Alcatel)Alternative Slit Masks for MOS Update of IFS (Astrium)Definition Phase (2 contracts)

MIR Camera/SpectrographSolicitation of Letters of InterestMid IR Instr. Steering Committee Optics Module Study (ESA-lead)ESA Confirmation ProcessCryostat Study

Non-Instrument ContributionsMirror Polishing Study (REOSC)Service Module Study ??

TechnologyCharacterization of CSiC at cryo Joining of CSiC elements Mirror materials CSiC Test Bench at cryoImage Slicer

Phase B Activity Start

ESA study schedule

NGST ESA Studies

Documents

Transcript of NGST ESA Studies