New Results on Charmonium and Charmonium(-like) States from Belle
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Transcript of New Results on Charmonium and Charmonium(-like) States from Belle
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New Results onCharmonium and Charmonium(-like) Statesfrom Belle
Jens Sören LangeJustus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
hadron2011XIV International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy06/16/2011Künstlerhaus, München
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Are the Charmonium(-like) States („XYZ“) Charmonium States, or not?(see plenary talks by De Fazio, Eidelman, Gao, Springer, Patriagni, and several parallel talks)
Here: charmonium mass region only
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3Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Is the Charmonium Potential Modelappropriate for explaining XYZ states?
confinement(scalar ?)
QCD vacuum is 3P0
(„Lamb shift“ of c0 ?)
S > 1 at large radiusnon-perturbative?
asymptotic free?(why annihilation branching so high?)contact term (spin-spin)
string breaking regimestill bound state?
2-gluon exchange?3 gluon vertex in hadronic decays?molecular potential?[cc]8 + gluon hybrid?(color octet)
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4Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Outline
c and c´ mass width
X(3872) mass width quantum numbers
c2 production in B decays
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c and c´
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6Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
c Ground state of Charmonium
JPC=0−+, 11S0 Observed e.g. in J/ and ´
radiative decays, but cross section varies according to E
a, a=3…7→ modifies lineshape→ width determination non-trivial(new Bes-III result shownat this conference)
In → c and B decays: Breit-Wigner line shape is appropriate approximation
c
J/
BaBar, 469/fbPhys. Rev. D81(2010)052010
c
c0c2
Belle, 395/fbEur. Phys. J. C53(2008)1
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7Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
PDG2010
' 15 MeV in J/ and ´radiative decays' 30 MeV in B decays and
Mass Width
LEES et al., BaBar, Phys. Rev. D81(2010)052010
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8Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
New mass and width measurement for c in B decays
2-dim fit of angle(K+ KS) vs. M(KSK )
M = 2985.4 ± 1.5 −2.0+0.2 MeV
= 35.1 ± 3.1 −1.6+1.0 MeV
Agreement with BaBar resultin c
B+ K+ c, c KS K± ¨
arXiv: 1105.0978 submitted to PLB
Agreement with Bes-III resultin ´ cshown at this conference
non-resonantcharmlessB decays
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c(2S)1st radial excited stateJPC=0−+, 21S0
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10Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
New mass and width measurement of c(2S) in B decays
Interference of signal and non-resonant background importantfit with interference = 6.6−5.1
+8.4(stat.+model)−0.9+2.6(syst.) MeV
fit w/o interference = 41.1 ± 12.0(stat.)−10.9+6.4(syst.) MeV
B+ K+ c(2S) , c(2S) KS K± ¨
arXiv: 1105.0978 submitted to PLB
´
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11Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
c(2S)
New Belle measurementMass 3636.1−4.1
+3.9(stat.+model)−2.0+0.5(syst.) MeV
Width 6.6−5.1+8.4(stat.+model)−0.9
+2.6(syst.) MeV
Error on widthimproved by factor ' 2
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12Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Hadronic width of c(2S) must be smaller than c(1S)
3 gluon decay not possible(parity)
c(1S)
c(2S)Potential model for c(2S)width prediction not reliable, because close toDD threshold would be nice test for Lattice QCD
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New results on X(3872)
full data set 711/fb on Y(4S)
re-processed data(improved low momentum tracking,
reconstruction efficiency in some channels ¸20% increased)
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14Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Reference Analysis: BK´, ´ J/ +−
3-dim fit in beam constrained mass, J/ + − mass and Eat first, fit reference signal ´ fix core Gaussian and tail Gaussian for resolution parameters
MBC /GeV M(J/ + − )/GeV E/GeV
MBC /GeV M(J/ + − )/GeV E/GeV
B+
B0
Preliminary
Preliminary
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15Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Analysis of X(3872) J/ +−
MBC /GeV M(J/ + − )/GeV E/GeV
MBC /GeV M(J/ + − )/GeV E/GeV
B+
B0
3-dim fitwith fixed resolution parameters from ´Mass MC/data shift +0.92§0.06 MeV, measured and fixed from ´ mass
151§15 events
21.0§5.7 events
Preliminary
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16Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Experiment X mass
CDF 2 3871.61 ± 0.16 ± 0.19 MeV
BaBar (B+) 3871.4 ± 0.6 ± 0.1 MeV
BaBar (B0) 3868.7 ± 1.5 ± 0.4 MeV
D0 3871.8 ± 3.1 ± 3.0 MeV
Belle (This result) 3871.84 ± 0.27 ± 0.19 MeV
World Average 3871.62 ± 0.19 MeV
LHCb (new) 3871.96 ± 0.46 ± 0.10 MeV
World Average again
3871.67 ± 0.17 MeV
M(D0)+M(D*0) PDG2010
3871.79 ± 0.30 MeV
X(3872) mass in J/ channel only
“Binding Energy”m(X)−m(D*0)−m(D0) becomes smaller:
Old: m = −0.32 ± 0.35 MeVNew: m = −0.17 ± 0.36 MeV
Reminder: m(deuteron) = −2.2 MeV
New w/ LHCb: m = −0.12 ± 0.35 MeV
<MX>prev_WA= 3871.46 ± 0.19 MeV
Here former Belle measurement3872.0 ± 0.6 ± 0.5 MeVnot considered anymore(superseded by new measurement)
Belle result contains MC/data shift 0.92 § 0.006 MeV, fixed from reference channel ´
Preliminary
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17Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
New measurement of width of X(3872) Previous best limit
X(3872) < 2.3 MeV (90% CL) 3-dim fits are sensitive
to natural widths narrower than resolution <>'4 MeVbecause of constraints (mBC, E)
Method validated with ´width´=0.52§0.11 MeV (PDG 0.304§0.009 MeV) bias 0.23 § 0.11 MeV
procedure for upper limit:width in 3-dim fit fixednsignal and npeaking BG floating calculate likelihood
X(3872) < 0.95 MeV + bias
(input) / MeV
(o
utpu
t) / M
eV MC
90%
1.2 MeV
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18Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
X(3872) possible Charmonium Assignment 1++
c1´ 3P1 predicted mass 3953 MeVn=2favoured by angular analysisCDF-II, PRL98(2007)132002 Belle, hep-ex/0505037
2−+c2 1D2predicted mass 3837 MeVn=1(would be a L=2 meson)favoured by X(3872) J/ analysis BaBar, Phys. Rev. D82(2010)011101
Mass predictions by Barnes, Godfrey, SwansonPhys. Rev. D72(2005)054026
2−+
1++
r / fm
/
fm−
3/2
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19Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Angular Variables Assume
X(3872) J/ in kinematic limit:both particles at rest in X(3872) rest frame mX ' m+mJ/ higher partial waves can be neglected
1++1 amplitude L=0, S=1
2−+2 amplitudesL=1, S=1 or S=2
22 sinsincoscos
)1(
ddd
J. Rosner PRD 70(2004)092023
B11
B 11 B12
1
1 B12B11
only normalizationfloating in fit
normalization and (complex)floating in the fit
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20Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
XX
XX
X
dd
dd
flatdd
2
2
sincos
:0
cos31cos
:1
2
cos:1
Angular Variables
X
X(3872) rest frame
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21Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
1++ Hypothesis vs. 2−+ Hypothesis
2/dof =1.76/4 CL=0.78
2/dof =0.56/4 CL=0.97
2/dof =3.82/4 CL=0.51
2/dof =4.60/4 CL=0.33
2/dof =5.24/4 CL=0.26
2/dof =4.72/4 CL=0.32
=0.69 e23° i, only value which gives >10% CL in all three plots
| cos |
| cos lep | | cos lep |
| cos |
| cos X | | cos X |
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c2 in B Decays
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23Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
B§K§ c1,2 with c1,2→ J/
First Evidence for B§! c2 K§B+ → K+ c232.8+10.9
−10.2 events3.6 (stat. and syst.)
B0 → K0 c22.8+4.7
−3.9 events0.7 (stat. and syst.)
B+
c1
c1c2
c2
B0
L=1
Control signal for X(3872) J/ , Belle, arXiv:1105.0177 [hep-ex], subm. PRL
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24Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Same Analysis, but reference signal c1,2→ J/
First Evidence for B§! c2 K§
B+ → K+ c232.8+10.9
−10.2 events3.6 (stat. and syst.)
B0 → K0 c22.8+4.7
−3.9 events0.7 (stat. and syst.)
B+
c1
c1c2
c2
B0
Production of J=
2, Parity=+
Charmonium in B Meson Decays
0− ! 0− 2+
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25Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Radiative Transition from c1,2 to J/
Photon energies of transitionscomparable (E ' 414 MeV ' 459 MeV)but dynamics different
Lattice QCDDudek, Edwards, ThomasPhys. Rev. D79(2009)094504( c1 ! J/ ) = 270(70) keV ( c2 ! J/ ) = 380(50) keV
Transistion Formfactors
E1
M2
E1
M2
E3
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26Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
B§K§ c2
J=0 or J=1 preferredParity + or parity − allowed JP=1+ possible (e.g. B+! K+c1 BR 4.6§0.4 x 10−4) but J=2 difficult to be generated
Jq=½ Jq=½
Vector oraxial-vector
Jq=½ JW=1
forbidden in naïve factorization additional soft gluon required
Bauer, Stech, WirbelZ. Phys. C34(1987)103
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27Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Summary New measurement of c´width in B decays
(undistorted lineshape) New measurements of X(3872), full data set, re-processed data
New world average mass of X(3872) moves closer to DD* thresholdm=−0.12±0.35 MeV (but still negative)
X(3872) never seen in radiative decays (e.g. (4040)) mass measurement by Bes-III could provide important cross-check with independant method
New upper limit on X(3872) < 1.2 MeVfactor 2 narrower than before
further improvement <1 MeV feasiblebut only way to reach ·100 keV cooled antiproton beam
PANDA experiment >2017
More Belle Results: XYZ States, Simon Eidelman(plenary, Thursday morning)Bottomonium, Alex Kuzmin(parallel, Tuesday afternoon)Belle-II, Boris Shwartz(plenary, Friday afternoon)
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Backup
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29Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Charmonium Excited States n · 3, L · 4
Terra Novan2S+1 L J
JPC
Barnes, Godfrey, Swanson, Phys. Rev. D72(2005)054026
Mass / GeV
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30Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
B Factories
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31Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
~952 /fbOn-resonance samples:Y(4S): 711 /fbY(5S): 121 /fbY(3S): 3.0 /fbY(2S): 24 /fbY(1S): 5.7 /fbOff-resonance: 87 /fb
~553 /fbOn-resonance samples:Y(4S): 433 /fbY(3S): 30 /fbY(2S): 14 /fbOff-resonance: 54 /fb
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32Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Production of Charmonium
in 2-body B decays,JPC=0− +, 1− −, 1++ in factorization limit
B Decays Double CharmoniumProduction
Initial State Radiation
C=+1
JPC=0++,0−+, 2++JPC=1− −
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33Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Decays of Charmonium States
EM
Annihilation1-
J=0,1,2
Strong
Do(*)
Do(*)
e.g. J/! + - 0
OZI suppressed
Strong~1/S
2
EMradiativeL=1
e.g. /! cJ
Strongspectatorisospin transition ?(if ()=)~1/S
2
e.g. ´! J/ + -
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34Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
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35Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
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36Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
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37Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Braaten, Kusunoki, Phys. Rev. D71(2005)074005
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38Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
B+ vs. B0 decays: mixing angle
Diquark – anti-diquark modelMaiani, Piccinini, PolosaPhys. Rev. D71(2005)014028
Mixing occurs by gluon annihilationuu gluon dd
Xu (Xd) populates B+ (B0) decay
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39Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
Helicity amplitudes for X J/ D are Wigner functions
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40Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
B+ and B0 decays are quite different.
B+ ! K+ B0 ! K0
(charge sign changes by W§,and changes back, ! same charge for B and K)
color suppressed(color is locked by spectator quark)
B0 ! K+
B0 ! K0
B+ ! K+
B+ ! K0
any combination possible
color enhanced
B+ = BuB0 = Bd
Swanson, Phys. Rept. 429(2006)243
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41Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
PRELIMINARY X(3872) in B+ vs. B0 decays
BaBar 0.41±0.24±0.05 04.014.050.0
))3872(())3872(()(
00
XKBBXKBBXR
MeVfromMfromMM XX 13.097.069.0)B ()B ( 0
BaBar (2.7 ± 1.6 ±0.4) MeV
B(B+K+ X(3872)) x B(X(3872) J/ + −)) = (8.61±0.82±0.78) x 10−6
B(B0K0 X(3872)) x B(X(3872) J/ + −)) = (4.3±1.2±0.4) x 10−6
Small mass difference disfavours Diquark-Antidiquark Model
Maiani, Piccinini, PolosaPhys. Rev. D71(2005)014028
for molecule expected R(X) ' 1Braaten, Kusunoki, Phys. Rev. D71(2005)074005
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42Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
c fit function
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43Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
c fit function
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44Sören Lange | Charmonium(-like) States at Belle
X(3872) mass measurement syst. errors
Width is upper limit no syst. error to be given.