NBT_Wind Load Effects on Skyscraper

8/18/2019 NBT_Wind Load Effects on Skyscraper

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L R

New York | Mumbai | Shanghai

WIND LOAD EFFECTS

ON

SKYSCRAPER

NAYAN TRIVEDI, P.E., M.ASCEPartner


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Elisha Otis

Crystal Palace Exhibition in 1854

Wind Load Effects On Skyscraper


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Why Developer Build Tall Building????



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Gravity and lateral loads resisting system. Gravity load resisting system need to resist the gravity loads (DL

and LL) only;

Lateral load resisting system need to resist the gravity loads (DLand LL) plus high winds or earthquake.

The selection of a structural system for a high-rise

building typically is dominated by the need to resist

lateral loads, i.e., high winds or earthquakes.



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Majority tall building design govern by Wind loads except

building located in high seismic.

Significant impact on Architectural design;

Time of construction; and

Cost of the building.

Serviceability Criteria – Acceleration

All buildings move.



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Geography location

Location of building

Shape

Direction of wind

Wind Load Effects on Skyscraper

Major factors effecting wind loads


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Geography location


Shape

Direction of wind




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LERA Skyscrapers

1970 1980 2010 2000 1990 1965


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Projects in 5 Continents, 39 Countries


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Select Geographies

Projects in Middle East

Emirates TowersDubai

Museum for Islamic ArtsDoha, Qatar

Canal Point HotelDubai

Trump TowerDoha, Qatar

Nakheel TowerDoha, QatarIcon Hotel

Dubai


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1 World Trade Center New York, NY1667 ft (550m)

4 World Trade Center New York, NY, 72 stories

AOL Time Warner Center New York, NY1667 ft (550m)

Select Geographies

Projects in New York


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432 Park Avenue | Macklowe PropertiesNew York, NY

111 West 57th Street

JDS Development Group & Property Markets GroupNew York, NY

53 West 53 Street

HinesNew York, NY

15 Hudson Yard

Related PropertiesNew York, NY

520 Park Avenue

Zeckendorf DevelopmentNew York, NY

605 West 42nd Street

The Moinian GroupNew York, NY

Projects in New York

Select Geographies


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340 Flatbush Avenue

JDS Development GroupBrooklyn, NY

AURA TowerToronto

Projects in New York and Canada

Select Geographies

Queens Plaza Residential Development

Tishman SpeyerLong Island City, NY


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Select Geographies

KLCC Mixed-Use DevelopmentKuala Lumpur, Malaysia63 story Office Tower &80 story Raffle Hotel Tower

Projects in South East Asia

Ardmore 6 Residential Tower Singapore37 story

Daewoo Olympic HeightsManila, Philippines


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Select Geographies

Ben Thanh TowersHo Chi Minh City

Bitexco Financial TowerHo Chi Minh City (68 story)

Marriott International HotelHanoi, Vietnam

Projects in Vietnam


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Select Geographies

Jamsil Lotte Super Tower Seoul, Korea1,821 ft (555 m)

Busan Lotte Town Tower Busan, Korea

Projects in Korea


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Select Geographies

India Bulls TowersMumbai, India

Commerz 2 Office TowersMumbai, India

40 story

World One Tower

Residential TowerMumbai, India

1378 ft (420 m)

Projects in India

Oberoi Garden TowersMumbai, India

World 2 TowerMumbai, India

1245 ft (380 m) and

870ft (265m)


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40 Years of Experience in ChinaProjects in ChinaSelect Geographies


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Select Geographies

Esentai Tower and JW Marriott Residences at Esentai ParkAlmaty, Kazahkstan

530 ft (162 m)

KazkommertsbankAlmaty, Kazahkstan

Paradise LivingMoscow, Russia

(50-story)

Projects in Central Asia and Russia

Russia TowerRussia


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Select Geographies

Aaolu Maslak ComplexIstanbul, Turkey

Cintemani TowerIstanbul, Turkey

Sisli TowerIstanbul, Turkey

Projects in Turkey


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Select Geographies Projects in South America

Repsol Headquarters, Puerto MaderoBuenos Aires, Argentina

U.S. Embassy

Caracas, Venezuela

Projects in South America


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Select Geographies

Projects in Europe

Hermitage PlazaLa Défense, France

1060 ft (323 m)

Puerta de Europa,Madrid, Spain

374 ft (114 m)

German Historic Museum AdditionBerlin, Germany


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Geography location


Shape

Direction of wind




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MODELS USED IN AEROELASTIC

COMPARISON STUDY

Circle Triangle

Modified TriangleSquare

Cruciform Rectangle

PLAN VIEW OF BUILDING SHAPES

Building Shape and Wind Loads


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0o 30o 60o 90o 120o 150o 180o

Circle Rectangle

Square

Cruciform

Modified

Triangle

Triangle.003

.002

.001

Building Shape and Wind Loads


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Geography location – We can not Control

Location of building – We can not Control

Shape – We can not Control some extend

Direction of wind – Site Control


Major Factors Effecting Wind Loads


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Cut Sharp Edges


How to Reduce Wind Loads

Circle Triangle

Modified TriangleSquare

Cruciform Rectangle


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Avoid constant shape




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Allow Wind Flow




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Wind Tunnel

LERA

Predict structure forces;

Serviceability – Acceleration;

Façade Loading; and

Pedestrian study.



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Wind Engineering

Recommended Normal Accepted range of Acceleration


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Wind Engineering


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Wind Engineering


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Some options for lateral loads resisting system.

Moment-resisting frames (usually expensive compared to

other systems);

Braced frames, including eccentrically braced frames;

Shear walls;

Tubular frames;

Core and perimeter frame interactive structures i.e. Core and

Outrigger truss and/or belt truss;

Megastructures;

Combination of above.

Structural Systems


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Monument Centre, Reno – Shear Wall + Moment Frame

Structural Systems


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Steel Office Tower, India, Steel Braced Frame

Structural Systems

S l S


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Oberoi Springs

Mumbai, India

Mumbai, India

Three 45-story towers

Residential

1.25 million-sf

Shear Wall

Structural Systems

St t l S t


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World Trade Center New York, NY

North Tower

417-m, 110 Stories

South Tower

415-m, 110 Stories

Tube Structure

Structural Systems

St t l S t


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Core and Outrigger truss

and/or belt truss

Bitexco Financial TowerHo Chi Minh City

68 story

Structural Systems

St t l S t


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Bank Of China Tower Hong Kong, China

368-m, 70 Stories

First composite

Megastructure

Structural Systems

BITEXCO FINANCIAL TOWER | Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam


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Bitexco Financial Tower

BITEXCO FINANCIAL TOWER | Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam


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BITEXCO FINANCIAL TOWER | Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam


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BITEXCO FINANCIAL TOWER | Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Floor Area: 1,230,000-sf

(114,000-sm)

Height: 870-ft (265-m)

The project design included a

25 meter long cantilever for the

helipad area

Carlos Zapata Studio

FLOORS PLAN COMPARISION


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FLOORS PLAN COMPARISION

OUTRIGGER AND BELT TRUSSES


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WIND

OUTRIGGER TRUSS

BENDING

COMPOSITE / CONCRETE COLUMN

SHORETNING



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37% reduction in overturning

moment at base



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Mechanical Floor Framing - Outrigger truss and belt truss



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OU GG USS S

LONG SPAN GIRDERS AND TRUSSES


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Bitexco Financail Tower

Ha Chi Minh City, Vietnam

OBEROI SPRINGS | Mumbai, India


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| ,

Mumbai, India

Three 45-story towers Residential

1.25 million-sf

OBEROI EXQUISITE | Mumbai, India


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| ,

OBEROI EXQUISITE | Mumbai, India


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|

LERA REVISED PLAN


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Three sets of beams were added in order to link together adjacent exteriorcorners of the building at light wells

increased efficiency of the lateral load resisting system;

reducing thickness of the walls; and

reduction in quantity of reinforcing steel.

revising the floors from slab and beam to flat slab with fewer interior beamsand columns.

provide flexibility of interior partition layout;

higher ceiling height;

added few floors; and

efficient FAR/FSI.

World One Tower | Mumbai, India


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• Concrete Shear Wall Core

– Walls

– Link Beams

• Exterior Hybrid Mega-Column

Frame

– Columns

– Spandrel Beams

• Link Walls

World One Tower | Mumbai, India


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THANK YOU

NBT_Wind Load Effects on Skyscraper

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