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The National Institute of Justice’s Science and Technology Program

and Homeland Security

William Ford Acting Chief Information and Sensor Technologies

Division Office of Science and Technologies

National Institute of Justice

National Institute of Justice

•

NIJ is the Department of Justices’

research, development and evaluation arm

•

Two principal authorities–

Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended–

Title II of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (HSA) •

As it relates to NIJ’s Office of Science & Technology (OS&T)•

Create relevant knowledge and tools–

Partner with State, local, and tribal practitioners and policymakers–

Create scientific, relevant, and reliable knowledge–

Develop affordable and effective tools and technologies to enhance the administration of justice and public safety

•

Disseminate relevant knowledge and information to practitioners and policymakers

•

Act as an honest broker to identify the information, tools, and technologies

•

Practice fairness and openness in the research and development process

•

Ensure professionalism, excellence, accountability, cost-effectiveness, and integrity

National Institute of

Justice

Bureau of Justice

Assistance

Bureau of Justice

Statistics

Office for Victims of

Crime

Office of Juvenile

Justice and Delinquency Prevention

NIJ’s Location Within the Department

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NIJ’s Organization

Office of Research& EvaluationThom Feucht

Deputy Director

Office of Science& TechnologyJohn Morgan.

Deputy Director

International Center

Crime Control & Prevention

Research Division

Justice Systems Research Division

Operational Technologies

Division

Information & Sensor Technologies

Division

Investigative & Forensic Sciences

Division

Violence & Victimization

Research Division

David W. HagyDirector

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•

Principal authority derived from the HSA–

Lead Federal agency for work in criminal justice technology•

Law enforcement, corrections, investigative and forensic, judicial process•

Coordinate the Federal approach to Criminal Justice technology issues–

To include technology to combat terrorism–

Conduct research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E)•

Leading to adoption of improved tools and technologies into practice–

Establish advisory groups to assess criminal justice technology needs–

Establish performance standards and a compliance testing program–

Provide technology assistance

OS&T Roles and Missions

Terrorism is a Crime

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NIJ Technology Investment Portfolios

•

Geospatial Technology•

Information Led Policing•

Institutional Corrections•

Less Lethal Technologies•

Modeling and Simulation•

Operations Research•

Personal Protection Equipment

•

Pursuit Management•

School Safety•

Sensors and Surveillance

•

Aviation •

Biometrics •

Body Armor •

Communications •

Community Corrections•

Court Technologies•

DNA Forensics•

Electronic Crime•

Explosive Device Defeat•

General Forensics

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RDT&E Process

Phase I: Determine technology needsPhase IV: Demonstrate, test, evaluate and commercialize

Technology Working Groups

identify technology need

Are there existing

solutions?

Yes

No

Phase II: Develop a plan to address unmet needs

NIJ tests and evaluates the

solution

NIJ crafts a plan to

develop solutions

Phase III: Implement the plan

NIJ defines potential

solutions

Does it work as needed?

No

NIJ solicits

applications to develop the solutions

NIJ selects a grantee to develop

the solution

Grantee develops tool or

technology

Is development successful?

Yes

Is this a developmental

solution?

NIJ assists developer in

commercialization

Is commercialization

successful?

Yes

No

No

Yes

No

Yes

NIJ publishes guides and standards

and provides acquisition assistance to adopting agencies

Phase V: Build capacity; conduct outreach

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3

4

56

7

8

9

10

Independent Peer Panel reviews

applications

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Partnerships

•

Collaboration is a core tenant of NIJ S&T program–

Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) member •

Membership since the mid 1990s•

Mandated in the HSA−

Extensive agreements with military and DHS agencies •

Two overarching agreements −

NIJ/DHS S&T/DoD MOA on technology transfer (Nov. 2005) −

NIJ/DHS S&T MOU on technology development (Jul. 2004)−

Formal international agreements •

Australian National Institute of Forensic Science•

Israeli Ministry of Public Security•

Russian Science and Technology Center−

Informal relationships •

Royal Canadian Mounted Police•

Home Office Scientific Development Bureau

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Collaborative Relationships

Combating Terrorism

Homeland Security

Criminal Justice

TSWGTSWG

IN

TE

RA

GE

NC

Y

INT

ER

NAT I

ON

A L

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Information Led Policing

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National Information Sharing–

Interstate driver license and photo exchange (Nlets)•

Coordinated with States, and in partnership with DHS S&T•

Several States operational, several states in testing–

Namus•

The National Missing and Unidentified Person System. Namus, is the first national online repository for missing person records and unidentified decedent cases.

–

FIDEX•

Development of nationally-acceptable forensic IEPDs

for crime labs, investigatory agencies, and court personnel

•

Local / Regional Information Technologies–

Alert Notification–

Domestic Violence Portal–

Near Repeat Crime Analysis–

OpenRMS

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Explosive Device Defeat

•

Improved robotic tools–

Backscatter X-Ray System•

Image inside a panel truck in one pass•

Jointly funded with DoD and DHS thru TSWG•

Cross-platform; adaptable to most in-service robots –

Cutting Tool•

Remove a bomb vest or belt from a suicide bomber•

Cross-platform •

Improved vehicle bomb disablement –

Thermo baric projectile•

Small, easily transportable tool to neutralize a vehicle bomb•

Leverages DoD technology investment–

Vehicle bomb disablement tool characterization•

Jointly funded NIJ/DHS DoD effort •

Characterize existent vehicle bomb neutralization tool

AS&E Backscatter X-rayConcept

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Center System in 2008

National Law Enforcement & Corrections Technology Centers serving specific regions

Specialty Offices and Centers

NLECTC NorthwestAnchorage, AK

NLECTC WestEl Segundo,

CA

NLECTC Rocky Mountain

Denver, CO

NLECTC NortheastRome, NY

NLECTC NationalRockville, MD

NLECTC SoutheastCharleston, SC

Border Research& Technology Center

San Diego, CAAustin, TX

Office of Law Enforcement

StandardsGaithersburg, MD

Office of Law EnforcementTechnology Commercialization

Wheeling, WV

Rural LE Technology CenterHazard, KY Sensors, Surveillance and

Biometrics COENew York, NY

Communications COECamden, NJ

Weapons and Protective Equipment

COEState College, PA

Forensic Science COELargo, FL

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Setting the R&D Agenda

•

Practitioner-based needs–

Technical Working Groups (TWGs) •

Knowledgeable practitioners −

from Federal, State, local and tribal agencies•

Aligned with NIJ’s technology investment portfolios–

Aviation, Biometrics, Body Armor, etc.•

Identify technology needs within a specific portfolio•

Maximum use of existing bodies (i.e., National Bomb Squad Commander’s Advisory Board)

–

Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Advisory Council •

Senior criminal justice practitioners•

Assists NIJ in prioritization across portfolios and needs•

Open, competitive solicitations to address those needs•

Rigorous, independent peer review–

Of applications and products

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Biometrics

•

Positive identification –

Justice Department Fast Capture Initiative•

Digital capture of 10-rolled equivalent finger and/or palm prints

•

Touchless•

High fidelity–

IAFIS compatible –

Facial recognition form video and photo graphs–

In-car video facial recognition•

HDTV

•

Standards–

Working with NIST•

Fingerprint•

Facial

TBS North America Fast Capture Technology

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Communications

•

Position location and asset tracking–

Funding multiple approaches to location and tracking of officers

in an urban environment

•

Coordinated with DHS and DoD efforts•

Demonstration and evaluation with the LA County, CA Sheriff’s Department

•

Interoperable communication–

Continued development of software-defined (SDR) and cognitive radios and antennas

•

Demonstration of Harris SDR with Orangetownship, NJ police department

–

Exploring potential to leverage DHS investment in Thales multi-band radio•

Dealing with the Cellphone–

Cross-cutting law enforcement issue–

Working with the FCC on issues related to jamming and intercept–

Significant investment in cellphone forensics

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Personal Protective Equipment

•

Bomb Suit Standard–

Working thru the US Army Natick Solider System Center, DHS and NIST/OLES

•

Direct practitioner involvement through NBSCAB–

Focus on blast protection•

CBRN ensemble follow-on effort•

Personal Protective Equipment Standard–

Rapid 18-month effort to address law enforcement unique PPE needs•

Lower priority in DHS Standards portfolio–

Working thru the NFPA, Natick, DHS and NIST/OLES•

Practitioner involvement thru IAB, FOP, others •

Multi-threat gloves and tactical respirator–

Multi-threat gloves funded through TSWG solicitation–

Tactical respirator standard and solicitation on hold pending funding

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Sensors and Surveillance

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Concealed weapons detection at as safe distance–

Focus on handguns and larger objects

•

Suicide bomb vests or belts

–

Continued focus on millimeter wave technology

•

Address limited range issue through remote positioning

•

Anomaly detection, rather than underclothing imaging

•

Through-the-wall location and tracking–

Metal walls•

Acoustic adjunct to Time Domain proximate system•

Portable, battery-powered radar for remote surveillance

Epsilon Lambda Electronics Corp. Remote Weapons Detection

Concept

Akela Remote Surveillance Radar Concept

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Solicitation Process

•

Based on TWG identified needs•

Competitive; peer reviewed•

Peer panels w practitioners and technologists–

Representatives from TWGs, Federal R&D agencies, others

•

Two phases–

Concept paper–

Full proposal•

Spring and Fall releases

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S&T Investment Strategy

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Invest in the highest potential payoff–

Dual use focus•

Day-to-day technology needs to combat crime•

Invest in the gaps–

Not explosive detection•

Significant DHS, DoD and DOE investment

–

In remote weapons detection–

In CBRNE •

Where there is limited DHS investment

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Leverage other agencies investments where possible

•

Avoid unnecessary duplication of effortBrijot BIS-WDS MMW Camera

Vanguard II

Sago ST-150 MMW Camera

Relevant Products from NIJ Investment

Summary

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National focal point for criminal justice technology R&D–

Focused on the technology needs of the State and local practitioner•

Including those of the law enforcement responder•

Terrorism is subset of one of the ten crime types–

Violent Crime is down in metropolitan cities while Murder is on the increase

•

Part of a collaborative, Federal government team–

Relevant efforts coordinated with DHS and DoD–

Advocate of law enforcement responder technology needs•

As national resource, NIJ is cost-effective–

50 States can’t afford their own NIJs–

National agency avoids duplication