Narrowbanding Update Time is Growing Short Bill Waugaman L. Robert Kimball & Associates.
-
Upload
austen-harper -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of Narrowbanding Update Time is Growing Short Bill Waugaman L. Robert Kimball & Associates.
Narrowbanding Update
Time is Growing Short
Bill WaugamanL. Robert Kimball & Associates
Why Narrowbanding?
• FCC Foresaw A Spectrum Shortage
• Mandated By The FCC.
• Began In 1992. - Also Known As “Refarming”.
• Allows Twice The Systems In The Same Spectrum. (15 or 25 KHz Bandwidth Channel)
04/20/23 2Kimball Technology
What Narrowbanding Is
• Reduces channel spacing by 50%
• Reduces the emission bandwidth of a radio by 50% from 20KHz to 11 KHz
• Applies to VHF High Band (150-174 MHz) Systems
• Applies to UHF (420 to 512 MHz) systems
04/20/23 3Kimball Technology
What it Is Not
• Narrowbanding is not 800 MHz Rebanding
• Does not impact 800 MHz systems
• Does not impact 700 MHz – Migration to spectrum efficient technologies is already in the rules and equipment is available.
• Does not impact Low band VHF (30-50 MHz.) Systems
04/20/23 4Kimball Technology
Dates to Remember
• January 1, 2013 (Think December 31, 2012)– ALL Systems Must Be Operating In The Narrow
Bandwidth Mode.
• January 1, 2011– No New Systems Will Be Licensed To Use Wide
Bandwidth.– No Existing Systems Using Wide Bandwidth Will Be
Allowed To Expand Their Licensed “Footprint” .
04/20/23 5Kimball Technology
VHF And UHF Impact
• Impact varies at VHF and UHF– Current Frequency/Channel Spacing
• 15 KHz spacing at VHF• 25 KHz spacing at UHF
– New channel spacing for narrowbanding• 7.5 KHz for VHF• 12.5 KHz for UHF
• Common to both– Adjacent channels must all be narrow banded to
realize the benefit.
04/20/23 6Kimball Technology
Impact at VHF
• Current 15 KHz channel spacing
• Reduces channel spacing to 7.5 KHz.
• Reduces the radio emission to 11 KHz Bandwidth
• Reduces system audio deviation (Modulation) from 5 kHz to 2.5 kHz. (Half the bandwidth)
• Planning is CRITICAL to reduce interference
04/20/23 7Kimball Technology
Existing VHF Systems: Already a problem.
Not able to use adjacent channels at close distances.
155.745 155.760
155.775
20KHz Bandwidth
20KHz Bandwidth
20KHz Bandwidth
OverlapOverlap
Adjacent channels
WideBand
WideBand
WideBand
15KHz Channe
l Spacin
g
15KHz Channe
l Spacin
g04/20/23 8Kimball Technology
Beginning Narrowbanding Narrowband channels not usable until wideband users convert.
155.745 155.760
155.775
20KHz Bandwidth
20KHz Bandwidth
20KHz Bandwidth
Overlap
Overlap
155.7525
155.7675
ANALOGNARROWBAND
7.5KHz Channe
l Spacin
g
Wide Band
Wide Band
Wide Band
11KHz Bandwidt
h
ANALOGNARROWBAND
04/20/23 9Kimball Technology
After all convert to Narrowband
155.745
155.760
155.775 155.752
5155.7675
7.5KHz Channe
l Spacin
g
11KHz Bandwidt
h
This represents analog voice with a 11KHz necessary bandwidth
ANALOG NARROWBAND
ANALOG NARROWBAND
ANALOG NARROWBAND
ANALOG NARROWBAND
ANALOG NARROWBAN
D
04/20/23 10Kimball Technology
Hate That VHF Overlap??
Convert to Project 25 Digital
155.745
155.760
155.775 155.752
5155.7675
7.5KHz Channe
l Spacin
g
8.1KHz Bandwidt
h
DIGITALNARROWBAND
P25 with C4FM Modulation only requires 8.1KHz Necessary Bandwidth
DIGITALNARROWBAND
DIGITALNARROWBAND
DIGITALNARROWBAND
DIGITALNARROWBAND
04/20/23 11Kimball Technology
Impact at UHF• Utilizes the former 12.5 kHz “offset” channels for
full power systems
• Results in some adjacent channel interference. coordination and mileage spacing issues until everyone converts.
• Reduces adjacent channel “splatter”
• Allows closer mileage spacing.
04/20/23 12Kimball Technology
Beginning Narrowbanding Narrowband channels not usable until wideband users convert.
460.000 460.025
460.500
20KHz Bandwidth
20KHz Bandwidth
20KHz Bandwidth
460.0125
460.0375
ANALOGNARROWBAND
12.5KHz
Channel
Spacing
Wide Band
Wide Band
Wide Band
11KHz Bandwidt
h
ANALOGNARROWBAND
04/20/23 13Kimball Technology
After all convert to Narrowband
460.000
460.025
460.050 460.012
5460.0375
12.5KHz
Channel
Spacing
11 KHz Bandwidt
h
ANALOGNARROWBAND
This represents analog voice with a 11KHz necessary bandwidth
ANALOGNARROWBAND
ANALOGNARROWBAND
ANALOGNARROWBAND
ANALOGNARROWBAND
04/20/23 14Kimball Technology
P25 at UHF
460.000
460.025
460.500 460.012
5460.0375
12.5KHz
Channel
Spacing
8.1KHz Bandwidt
h
DIGITALNARROWBAND
P25 with C4FM Modulation only requires 8.1KHz Necessary Bandwidth
DIGITALNARROWBAND
DIGITALNARROWBAND
DIGITALNARROWBAND
DIGITALNARROWBAND
04/20/23 15Kimball Technology
Latest Actions
• Clarifications Of Third R&O Issued By FCC
• NPSTC and LMCC Submit Suggested Action to Cancel Licenses That Do Not Reflect Narrow Band Emissions On January 1, 2008
04/20/23 Kimball Technology 16
What to Do Now!
04/20/23 17Kimball Technology
PLAN!
COMMUNICATE!
PLAN!
04/20/23 18Kimball Technology
Educate Your Decision Makers
• Narrowbanding Will Be Expensive!
• Bring Them Into The Planning Process.
• No Last Minute Surprises.
• Only Three Budget Cycles Remain Until 1/1/2012
• No Grants Or Funding For Narrowbanding
04/20/23 19Kimball Technology
Start Planning Now
• Hire A Good Consultant
• Engage Your Equipment Vendor
• Get Your Service Shop On Board
• Talk To Your Mutual Aid Partners & Neighbors
04/20/23 20Kimball Technology
Start Planning Now
• Inventory Your System – What Needs Replaced?
• Plan Your Subscriber Radio Purchases
• Plan Your Infrastructure Purchases.
• Plan Your System Reconfiguration & Upgrades.
• Plan For Risks & Unintended Consequences
04/20/23 21Kimball Technology
Mobile & Portable Considerations
• Any Radios Purchased Since 1998 Should Be Capable Of Narrowband Operation And Software Programmable For Narrowband Use.
– Check With Your Equipment Supplier.– Will The Radio Program to all the 7.5 MHz VHF Frequencies?
• Plan To Phase Out Any Radios Which Are Not Narrow Band Capable By 2011.
• Don’t Wait Until The Last Minute
• Mixed Vendor System?– Ensure The Equipment Is Compatible - “Companding”– Work With Your Radio Supplier And Test The System Early.
04/20/23 22Kimball Technology
System Considerations
– Review Site Engineering For The Narrow-banded System.• Adequate Signal Coverage?• Simulcast holes created?• Fringes and In-Building?
– Inventory The Infrastructure To Ensure It Is Narrow Band Capable.
• Repeaters• Base Stations• Satellite Voting Receivers And Comparators• Encryption• Paging Transmitters
– Work With Your Equipment Suppliers & Consultant
04/20/23 23Kimball Technology
System Considerations
– Consider Project 25 Capable Equipment• Meets Narrow Band Requirements• Better Audio Recovery Than Narrowband Analog• No Reduced Coverage Vs 25 Khz Analog.• Multiple Features Not Available In Analog Systems
– Ensure Replacement Equipment Is Narrowband Capable
• NO Used Equipment • NO eBAY
– Review Site Placement And Coverage Of The Planned Narrowband System.
– Paging/Messaging/Alerting Systems.
04/20/23 24Kimball Technology
Don’t Forget Other Systems
• Public Utilities – SCADA systems.• Schools• Road Department• Low power “Dot” radios• Community Watch• Cache Radios – Transportable Systems• Command Post/Communications Vehicles• Mutual Aid Gateways
04/20/23 25Kimball Technology
Mutual Aid Planning
• Mutual Aid– Neighboring Systems– Regional & Statewide Systems– Gateways – Reprogram As Appropriate
• Reprogramming timing– Do Together To Maintain interoperability
04/20/23 26Kimball Technology
And a few DON’Ts• Don’t Modify Legacy Wide Band Equipment That Is
Not Intended For Narrowband Use.– Modifications May Void FCC Type Acceptance
– This Is Old Equipment, No Longer Supported By The Manufacturer
– May Not Operate Properly In A Public Safety Application
• Don’t Be Rushed. – You Need To Be Planning Now.
• Don’t Wait Until The Last Minute
04/20/23 27Kimball Technology
PAGING!
• Paging–only Frequencies Are Exempt From Narrowbanding.
• There Are Only Two Public Safety Paging-only Frequencies
– 152.0075 Mhz – 157.450 Mhz
• If You Page Or Alert On Any Other Frequency, It Is Not Paging-only And Must Be Rebanded.
04/20/23 28Kimball Technology
Volunteer & Station Alerting
• Older Volunteer Responder Pagers And Monitor Receivers Are NOT Narrowband Capable.
• Minitor I – IV Must Be Replaced
• Minitor V Is Narrowband Capable
• Older Plectron AND Other Station Alerting/Siren Activation Systems Are Not Narrowband Capable.
04/20/23 29Kimball Technology
Logistics Planning
How Do We Make Narrowbanding Happen?
• Maintaining Quality Of Service
• Infrastructure Cutover Planning– Site By Site?– Channel By Channel?– Overlay System?
• Coordination With Mutual Aid Providers– Maintain Interoperability
04/20/23 30Kimball Technology
Logistics Planning
• Subscriber Cutover Planning
• Radio Capacity– Pre And Post Systems In The Radio?
– Turn The Knob?
– Limited Capacity = A More Complex Plan Is Needed
• How Many “Touches” Are Needed?
• Who Does The Programming? Where?
• Assets Needed For Portable/Mobile Transport?04/20/23 Kimball Technology 31
Resources
04/20/23 Kimball Technology 32
A Few References locations
• APCO
http://www.apcointl.com/frequency/documents/NarrowbandOrder.html
• FCC http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-04-292A1.doc
• KIMBALL
https://www.kimballdata.com/webcasts/default.asp?whitepaper=7.21.08narrowbandingtips_07.08.pdf
04/20/23 33Kimball Technology
And Now…..
Questions??
04/20/23 34Kimball Technology