MICROBIOLOGY – MYCOLOGY LAB 1 – OPPORTUNISTIC MYCOSESUSTMED ’07 Sec C – AsM; pictures provided by JV.N.

NEUROSPORA (MONILIA) White at first but grows rapidly filling the entire Petri dish in a few days and becoming a salmon to brown color. Mycelium may hang from the lid of the Petri dish.

Clear septate hyphae with large masses of ovate spores which are air-dispersed

HORMODENDRUM

Green to gray to black colony on both sides. Often wrinkled and grows flat

Dark brown septate hyphae bear branching chains of elongate to ovate spores that often contain a small black dot at the end. Spore bearing structures look tree-like

SCOPULARIOPSIS

Powdery, light brown, wrinkled colony resembling Penicillium spp. Except for color.

Resembles Penicillium spp. except spores are larger and form unbranched-chains

PAECILOMYCES

Flat, rapid-growing, tan-colored colony resembling Aspergillus spp.

Similar to Penicillium spp. except small spores are produced on very long, slender structures

SYNCEPHALASTRUM

Gray to brown to black fluffy colony that may fill a Petri dish in a few days. Similar to Mucor and Rhizopus spp.

Broad, clear, nonseptate hyphae, spores in many slender sac-like structures (sporangia) adhere to a swelling on the terminal end of hypha.

CEPHALOSPORIUM

White to tan to rose-colroed colony, eventually developing White aerial hyphae.

Single celled, clear, elliptical spores held together in a ball unless broken loose

NIGROSPORA

Rapid growing, producing abundant fluffly, aerial hyphae, gray to black on both sides. Resembles Mucor or Rhizopus

Large, clearly visible jet black spores.

CHAETOMIUM

Slow growing, flat, white, yellow, tan or brown colony

Large, dark, central structure is perithecium that contains ascospores (sexually produced)

BOTRYTIS

Soft looking tan to gray colony

Colorless, one celled spores borne in clumps

STEMPHYLUM

Brown to black, wrinkled fuzzy colony

Hyphae are brown and strongly septate: huge multicelled terminal spores that may either be smooth or rough

SEPEDONIUM

Fluffy, white colony resembles Histoplasma capsulatum

Large, rough-walled spores that resembles Histoplasma capsulatum

GLIOCLADIUM

Flat, rapid-growing colony. White at first, then developing dark green central portion

Numerous small spores held together in a clump. Similar to Penicillium spp. Except for the

clumping of spores.

ASPERGILLUM (?)

Flat, compact colonies, white at first then becoming black, green, bluish or yellow

Small one-celled spores irradiating out from swollen base (see arrows)

PENICILLIUM

White colony at first but developing blue to green color

Small, round spores borne in “brush-like” formations

MUCOR (?)

Cottony, rapid grower. May completely fill a Petri dish in 3 to 5 days. Brown to gray.

Clear, nonseptate hyphae. Spores borne inside large spherical structures called sporangia. Similar to Rhizopus spp. but lacking rhizoids.

RHIZOPUS

Gray to brown to black colony filling a Petri dish in 2 to 3 days. Similar to Mucor spp.

Similar to Mucor spp. except foot-like structures (rhizoids) at base of spore bearing hyphae (see arrows). Spores in

sporangium clear, coenocytic hyphae

FUSARIUM

Fast-growing colony. At first, white and cottony but develping rose to red color on both sides

Largest spores are sickle-shaped and may contain several cells. Small spores with one to two cells have more rounded ends.

GEOTRICHIUM

White to tan, flat or fluffy, rapid-growing fungus

Note hyphae breaking into arthrospores. May be confused with Coccidioides immitis.

ALTERNARIA

Rapid-growing colonies, grayish to black to brown; underside jet black

Large, hand grenade-shaped spores with both longitudinal and transverse cross walls. Borne singly or in chains. Septate, dematiaceous fungi.

CURVALARIA

Dark brown to black colony on both sides ragged in appearance.

Large, bent spores with 3 to 5 cells. Similar to Helminthosporium spp. Brown, septate hyphae.

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TRICHODERMA SPECIES

Classification: ContaminantsMounting fluid used: Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB)

TRITRACHIUM SPECIES

Classification: ContaminantsMounting fluid used: LPCB

DRESCHLERA SPECIES

Classification: ContaminantsMounting fluid used: LPCB

* MALASSEZIA FURFUR

KOH Smear – Skin scrapings Positive for Short hyphal elements with oval bodies(Malassezia furfur)

TEASE MOUNT TECHNIQUE

For the tease mount, a fragment of the colony collected using a wire or loop is transferred to a glass microscope slide. A drop of lactophenol cotton blue is then added, and the specimen is teased using dissecting needles as shown in this figure. The teasing of the specimen needs to be done carefully. Isolated elements can be observed, while at the same time preserving the integrity of the over-all structure of the microorganism.

ADHESIVE TAPE TECHNIQUE

A piece of transparent adhesive tape is used to collect the specimen by pressing the adhesive slide against the surface of the fungal colony. Aerial elements will adhere to the tape, which is subsequently placed on a microscopic slide containing a drop of lactophenol cotton blue. This technique is good for preserving the original relationship between spores and aerial hyphae. However, it usually cannot be applied to mold specimens that have few aerial mycelia or to yeast with a moist consistency.