Muscle Physiology. Functions of Muscular Tissue Producing Body Movements Stabilizing Joints...
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Transcript of Muscle Physiology. Functions of Muscular Tissue Producing Body Movements Stabilizing Joints...
![Page 1: Muscle Physiology. Functions of Muscular Tissue Producing Body Movements Stabilizing Joints Maintaining Posture Producing heat Properties of Muscular.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649f435503460f94c62dd7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Muscle
Physiology
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Functions of Muscular Tissue Producing Body Movements
Stabilizing Joints
Maintaining Posture
Producing heat
Properties of Muscular TissueExcitability
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
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Types of Muscle
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Types of Muscle
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Connective Tissue
Wrappings
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Insertion - attachment to a movable bone
Origin - attachment to stationary bone
Attachment - connective tissue layers extend to attach to bone (tendon or aponeurosis)
Muscle Attachments
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Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
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Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
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Anatomy of a Muscle Fiber
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Sarcomere
Dark(A) & light(I) bands visible with an electron microscope
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Sarcomere
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Thick and Thin Filaments
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Sliding Filament MechanismRelaxed Muscle
Contracted Muscle
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The Contraction Cycle
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Stimulation and Contraction
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Neuromuscular Junction
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Summary
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Motor Unit: A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.
Motor Unit
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Muscle Tone
Involuntary contraction of a small number of motor units which leads to partial state of contraction of relaxed muscles
Keeps muscles firm even though relaxed
Essential for maintaining posture
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Contraction of a Skeletal MuscleMuscle Twitch: Response of a muscle to a single stimulus
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Graded Muscle Responses
1. Frequency of stimulationWave summation and Tetanus
2. Strength of the stimulusMotor Unit Recruitment
Graded - variation in degree of contraction
Contraction of a Skeletal Muscle
More motor units stimulated whichleads to more muscle fibers responding.
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Wave Summation and Tetanus
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Isotonic and Isometric Contractions
Isotonic - muscle changes length load is moved
Isometric - muscle applies tension but does not move the load
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Muscle Metabolism
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Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibers
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Muscle Fatigue
• Inability to contract after prolonged activity
– central fatigue is feeling of tiredness and a desire to stop (protective mechanism)
– depletion of creatine phosphate
– decline of Ca2+ within the sarcoplasm
• Factors that contribute to muscle fatigue
– insufficient oxygen or glycogen
– buildup of lactic acid and ADP
– insufficient release of acetylcholine from motor neurons