msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis menejmentis saxelmZRvanelo · msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis...

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herb stoveli

riskisTvis mzadyofna:msoflio kulturuli

memkvidreobis menejmentis saxelmZRvanelo

Herb Stovel

RISK PREPAREDNESS: A MANAGEMENT MANUAL

FOR WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE

Tbilisi 2007 Tbilisi

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riskisTvis mzadyofna: msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis menejmentis saxelmZRvanelo

RISK PREPAREDNESS: A MANAGEMENT MANUAL FOR WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE

redaqtori: d. TumaniSviliEditor: D. Tumanishvili

qarTuli teqsti moamzada s. saxanberiZemGeorgian text prepared by �. �a�hanberid�e�. �a�hanberid�e

© Ministry of Culture, Monuments Protection and �port of Georgia, 2007

Authori�ed translation of the second English edition © 1998 ICCROM. This translation is published by permission of ICCROM, the owner of all rights to publish and sell the same.

© saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis saministro, 2007

meore inglisurenovani gamocemis © 1998 ICCROM avtorizebuli Targmani.

Targmani gamocemulia ICCROM-is nebarTviT, romelic warmoadgens wignis gamocemisa da gayidvis sruli saavtoro uflebis mflobels.

kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis 2007 wlis saxelmwifo programa

�tate Programme for Cultural Heritage Preservation for the Year 2007

gamomcemloba `nekeri~, 2007

I�BN: 978-99940-987-2-9

saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis saministro

Ministry of Culture, Monuments Protection and �port of Georgia

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sarCevi

terminebis da Semoklebebis ganmartebebi 11

ICCROM-is winasityvaoba 14

ICOMO�-is winasityvaoba 16

samadlobeli 18

I. konteqsti 19

Tavi I. Sesavali 19

1.1 ratom gaxda aucilebeli Seqmniliyo saxelmZRvanelo riskis mzadyofnaze kulturuli memkvidreobis dargSi? 19

1.2 riskisTvis mzadyofna msoflio memkvidreobis konvenciis konteqstSi 22

1.2.1. konvenciis upiratesobani 22

1.2.2 konvenciis moqmedeba 23

1.2.3 riskis qveS myofi kulturuli mekvidreoba _ konvenciasTan mimarTebaSi 27

1.3 saxelmZRvanelos SemuSavebis Sesaxebavebis Sesaxeb 30

1.4 saxelmZRvanelos momxmarebelTaTvis 35

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Tavi 2. riskisTvis mzadyofnis mniSvneloba kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis 37

2.1 midgomismieri dabrkolebebi: argumentebi da kontr-argumentebi 37

2.2 riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis CarCo 42

Tavi �. kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvisi �. kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis principebi 44

3.1 Sesavali 44

3.2 principebi 45

Tavi 4. riskis mzadyofnisadmi jansaRi midgomis ganviTareba kulturuli memkvidreobis sferoSi 53

4.1 riskisTvis mzadyofnis dagegmvis zogadi CarCo 53

4.2 riskisTvis mzadyofna kulturuli memkvidreobis sxvadasxva formisaTvis 57

4.2.1 kulturuli memkvidreoba 59

4.2.2 uZravi Zeglebi 61

4.2.3 arqeologiuri teritoriebi 62

4.2.4 istoriuli dasaxlebebi 63

4.2.5 kulturuli landSaftebi 64

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II. Zeglze orientirebuli specifikuri strategiis SemuSaveba kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis riskisaTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad 76

Tavi 5. xanZari 76

5.1 ZeglisTvis miyenebuli ziani 76

5.1.1 Senobebisa da maTSi arsebuli nivTebisTvis miyenebuli ziani 76

5.1.2 istoriuli ubnebis dazianeba 77

5.1.3 kulturuli landSaftebisa da arqeologiuri teritoriebisTvis miyenebuli ziani 77

5.2 xanZarsawinaaRmdego prevenciis strategiis SemuSaveba 77

5.2.1 strategiis SemuSavebis pasuxismgebloba 78

5.2.2 strategiis elementebi 78

5.3 riskis Semcireba 78

5.3.1 cecxlgamZleobis gaZliereba 79

5.3.2 xanZris aRmoCena da monitoringi 80

5.4 xanZarze reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba 80

5.5 strategiis Camoyalibeba: teqnikuri da gegmarebiTi zomebi 82

5.5.1 riskis minimizacia 82

5.5.2 xanZris gavrcelebis Seferxeba da memkvidreobis obieqtis dacva 84

5.5.3 xanZris aRmoCenisa da gangaSis sistemebi 86

5.5.4 reagirebis gegmis SemuSavebareagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba 87

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5.6 reagireba 88

5.6.1 xanZar _ usafrTxoebis menejerisa da gundisTvis 89

5.6.2 mobinadreTaTvis 89

5.6.3 adgilobrivi mexanZreebisTvis 89

5.7 aRdgena 90

5.7.1 Senoba unda iqnes stabilizebuli 91

5.7.2 mosaSorebelia xanZrisa da masTanmosaSorebelia xanZrisa da masTan brZolis meTodebis negatiuri Sedegi 91

5.7.3 unda ganxorcieldes xanZris mier dazianebuli Senobis detaluri Sefaseba 92

5.7.4 moxdes gadarCenili obieqtebis aRweramoxdes gadarCenili obieqtebis aRwera da miRebul iqnas dazianebuli obieqtebis, elementebis sakonservacio zomebi 92

5.7.5 yvela gangaSis sistemis da xanZarTan brZolis xelsawyos aRdgena 92

5.7.6 momzaddes saremonto da sarekonstruqcio gegmebi 92

Tavi 6. miwisZvrebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli katastrofebi 93

6.1 Zeglze miyenebuli ziani 93

6.2 miwisZvrisaTvis mzadyofnis strategiis SemuSaveba 95

6.2.1 strategiis SemuSavebis pasuxismgebloba 95


6.3 strategiis Camoyalibeba: dagegmva da teqnikuri zomebi 100

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6.3.1 riskis Semcireba 100

6.3.2 seismomedegobis gazrda 101

6.3.3 miwisZvris prognozirebis da seismodeteqciis sistemebi 103

6.3.4 reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba 104

6.4 reagireba 106

6.5 aRdgena 107

Tavi 7. wyaldidoba 113

7.1 ZeglisTvis zianis miyeneba 113

7.2 wyaldidobisTvis mzadyofnis strategiis Camoyalibeba 115

7.2.1 strategiis ganviTarebis pasuxismgebloba 116



7.2.4 wyaldidobisas nagebobis gamZleobis gazrda 118

7.2.5 wyaldidobis aRmoCena da monitoringi 119

7.2.6 wyaldidobaze reagirebis dagegmva 119

7.3 strategiis Camoyalibeba: dagegmva da teqnikuri zomebi 121


7.3.2 wyalmovardnis sawinaaRmdego mdgradobis gaumjobeseba 123

7.3.3 wyaldidobis prognozirebis da deteqciis sistemebi 124

7.3.4 reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba 124

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7.4 reagireba 125

7.5 aRdgena 127

Tavi 8. SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebi 129

8.1 Zeglebis dazianeba 129

8.2 SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebisas kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis konvencia 130

8.3 SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis pirobebSi kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis strategiis SemuSaveba 137

Tavi 9. sxva saxis safrTxeebi 141

9.1 cunami 141

9.2 mewyerebi, zvavebi da Rvarcofebi 142

9.3 qarebi an tropikuli grigalebi (qariSxlebi, taifunebi da a.S.) 143

9.4 adamianismieri saSiSroebani 144

9.5 araadekvaturi movla 144

9.6 industriuli dabinZureba da katastrofebi 144

III. avamoqmedoT riskisaTvis mzaoba 146

Tavi 10. calkeuli ZeglisTvis gankuTvnili mzadyofnis gegmis SemuSavebis ZiriTadi principebi 146

10.1 direqtivebi winaswari dagegmvisTvis 146

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10.2 katastrofisa da konfliqtis dros reagirebis ZiriTadi principebi 149

10.3 saSiSroebebisa da konfliqtebis Semdgomi qmedebis ZiriTadi principebi 150

10.4 zianis Sefasebis miaxloebiTi kiTxvari 151

Tavi 11. kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobeseba erovnul doneze 154

11.1 Sesavali 154

11.2 riskisTvis gaumjobesebuli mzadyofnis elementebi 155

11.3 kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis procesis modeli 157

danarTi 1. kvebekis deklaracia 164

danarTi 2. kobe/tokios deklaracia kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis SesaxebriskisTvis mzadyofnis Sesaxeb 169

danarTi �. `blu Sildis~ moZraoba kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvisriskisTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad 183

danarTi 4. Zeglebis, SenobaTa jgufebisa daZeglebis, SenobaTa jgufebisa da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis aRricxvis principebi 187

danarTi 5. asizis deklaracia 196

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terminebis da Semoklebebis ganmartebebi

konservacia _ specifikuri zomebi, romlebic uxangrZlivebs sicocxles kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqts da amavdroulad aZlierebs mis mniSvnelovnebas da Rirebulebas.

kulturuli memkvidreoba _ gamoyenebulia teqstSi ise, rogorc es miTiTebulia msoflio memkvidreobis konvenciaSi, saxeldobr, `na-gebobebi, nagebobaTa jgufebi da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebi~.

katastrofa _ movlena, romlis zemoqmedebac aWarbebs obieqtis an misi momvleli personalis normalur SesaZleblobas gaakontro-los am movlenis mier gamowveuli Sedegebi.

sagangaSo mdgomareoba _ moulodneli movlena, romelmac SesaZloa gamoiwvios danakargebi (da Tu ki mas saTanado yuradReba ar mieq-ca, SesaZloa gadaizardos katastrofaSi).

saSiSroeba _ konkretuli safrTxe an dazianebis potenciuri wyaro (gamowveuli xanZrisgan, wyaldidobisgan, miwisZvrisgan da sxva).

Serbileba _ RonisZiebebi, romelnic gvexmareba mosalodneli katas-trofebis Tavidan acilebasa Tu maTi negatiuri zegavlenis Sem-cirebaSi.

mzadyofna _ winaswar dagegmili Zalisxmeva riskis Sesamcireblad moi-cavs reagirebis da aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis gegmebis momzadebas.

aRdgena _ is RonisZiebebi rac dagvexmareba SevavsoT katastrofis Sedegad gamowveuli fizikuri, socialuri, garemosdacviTi Tu kulturuli danakargebi da riTac SeiZleba SevamciroT momaval-Si maTi albaToba.

riski _ saSiSroeba X obieqtis dazianebisadmi midrekil albaTobaze.

naklebi mdgradoba _ ama Tu im SesaZlo xifaTis zemoqmedebiT, obie-qtis SesaZlo danakargis xarisxis Sefaseba.

CRATerre – International Centre for Conservation of Earthen Architecture alizis/ miwis arqiteqturis saerTaSoriso konservaciis centri

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DOCOMOMO – Documentation and Conservation of the Modern Movement Tanamedrove Zeglebis dokumentacia da konservacia

FEMA – Federal Emergency Management Agency, U�A federaluri saswrafo menejmentis saagento, aSS

GCI – Getty Conservation Institute getis konservaciis instituti

IATF – Inter-Agency Tas� Force (for improving ris�-preparedness for cultural heritage) sauwyebaTaSoriso komisia, romelic Seiqmna riskisaTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad kulturuli memkvidreobis dargSi

ICA – International Council for Archives arqivebis saerTaSoriso sabWo

ICBS – International Committee of the Blue �hield blu Sildis saerTaSo-riso komiteti

ICCROM – International Centre for the �tudy of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebis aRdgenisa da dacvis Semswavleli saerTaSoriso centri

ICOM – International Council of Museums muzeumebis saerTaSoriso sabWo

ICOMOS – International Council of Monuments and �itesZeglebisa da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis saerTaSoriso sabWo

ICR – Instituto Centrale per il Restauro (Central Restoration Institute), Italyrestavraciis centraluri instituti, italia

ICRC – International Committee of the Red CrosswiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso komiteti

IDNDR – International Decade for Natural Disaster Reductionbunebrivi katastrofebis Semcirebis saerTaSoriso dekada

IFLA- International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions biblioTekaTa asociaciis saerTaSoriso federacia

IUCN – World Conservation Union msoflio konservaciis kavSiri

NIC – National Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Property, U�Akulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebis konservaciis erovnuli instituti, aSS

SAARC – �outh Asian Association for Regional CooperationsamxreT aziis regionaluri TanamSromlobis asociacia

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TICCIH – The International Committee for Conservation of the Industrial Heritage industriuli memkvidreobis konservaciis saerTaSoriso komiteti

UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organi�ation gaerTianebuli erebis saswavlo, samecniero da kulturuli organizacia

WHC – World Heritage Center msoflio memkvidreobis centri

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ICCROM-is winasityvaoba

riskisTvis mzadyofnis: msoflio kulturuli memkvidreo-bis menejmentis saxelmZRvanelo-s publikacia ICOMO�- ICCROM- UNE�CO-s mier agrZelebs 1983 wels dawyebul process, msoflio memkvidreobis nusxaSi pirveli Zeglis Setanidan xuTiod wlis Semdeg. im xanad didi saWiroeba iyo msoflio memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis saTana-do menejmentis. Sesabamisad, UNE�CO-s kulturuli mem-kvidreobis ganyofilebam mianiWa ICOMO�-s da ICCROM-s mandati menejmentis direqtivebis SemuSavebisaTvis.

ser bernar fildens, ICCROM-is yofil direqtors eTxova Seedgina dokumenti. farTo ganxilvebisa da IC-CROM-is TanamSromlis iuka ioiletos monawileobiT 1993 wels gamoica: marTvis saxelmZRvanelo principebi msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebisTvis.

dReisaTvis saxelmZRvanelo aTobiT enazea ukve na-Targmni. Tumca, am popularulma saxelmZRvanelom gaaR-viva interesi sxva msgavsi menejmentis saxelmZRvaneloebis momzadebis mimarTulebiTac, sadac ufro Rrmad iqneboda ganxiluli feildenisa da ioiletos mier warmodgenili komponentebi.

herb stovels, riskisTvis mzadyofnis saxelmZRvanelos avtors, ekuTvnis agreTve menejmentis saxelmZRvanelo msoflio memkvidreobis qalaqebze, romelic momzadda msoflio memkvidreobis qalaqebis asociaciis pirveli Sex-vedrisTvis, 1991 wels da maleve gamoqveynda ganmeorebiT ICOMO�- ICCROM- UNE�CO-s mier. 1993 wels robertson kolinsma nawilobriv aSS- ICOMO�-is da ̀ ameriqen eqspresis~ saxeliT moamzada turistuli menejmentis saxelmZRvanelo kulturuli memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebisTvis. amave dros grZeldeba msgavsi saxelmZRvaneloebis momza-deba sxva, msgavs sakiTxebze, rogorebicaa: aRwera, dokumen-

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tacia da informaciis marTva, kulturuli landSaftebis menejmenti da sxva.

msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis ZeglebisaTvis riskisTvis mzadyofnis menejmentis saxelmZRvanelo exeba ara mxolod marTvis mniSvnelobas, aramed im pasuxismge-blobas romelic mimarTulia Zeglebis konservaciisaTvis prevenciuli zomebis miRebaze. ICCROM amayobs im wvlil-iT, romelic Seaqvs menejmentis praqtikis ganviTarebaSi (kulturuli memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebisTvis), misi aqtiuri monawileobiT saxelmZRvaneloebis Sedgenisa da publikaciis meSveobiT. aSkaraa, rom es saxelmZRvanelo Rirseulad agrZelebs aqamde gaweul mcdelobas da male gaxdeba ZiriTadi instrumenti menejerTaTvis, raTa maqsim-alurad gaumjobesdes kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebis riskisTvis mzadyofna.

mark loenenigeneraluri direqtori

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ICOMOS-is winasityvaoba

im RonisZiebebis Sedegad, romlebsac Cven vatarebT kon-servaciis ganviTarebisTvis mdgradobis misaniWeblad, evo-luciis pirobebSi myof globalur sazogadoebaSi kul-turuli memkvidreobis konservaciis sayovelTao adgilis damkvidrebisas, Cveni profesionaluri midgomebi, ra Tqma unda, gafarTovda. ICOMO�-ma aiRo valdebuleba mimdinare sami wlis (1996-1999) manZilze `memkvidreobis gonivruli moxmarebis~ koncefciis, rogorc moZraobis socialuri da ekonomikuri ganviTarebis miznebisken gadanacvlebis Semad-genlis xelSewyobisa.

riskisTvis mzadyofna mniSvnelovani nawilia kulturu-li garemos ufro gonivruli moxmarebisa. riskis analizi da misi zemoqmedebis Serbileba uzrunvelyofs mwiri re-sursebis ukeTes gamoyenebas da kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtTa sicocxlis gaxangrZlivebisTvis optimalur pi-robebs. riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis CarCo samuSaos sTavazobs maT, vinc nagebi garemos konservaciaSia CarTuli, igi sTavazobs Sanss istoriaSi pirvelad mTlia-nad daafuZnon maTi qmedebebi prevenciul zomebze.

radgan es miznebi ar aris axali konservaciisTvis, ax-landeli mcdeloba gaerTiandes mosazrebebi da praqtiku-li qmedebebi warimarTeboda yofili ICOMO�-is genera-luri mdivnis, herb stovelis mier, romelmac dawera es saxelmZRvanelo. igi Tavmjdomareobda pirveli mrgvali magidis Sexvedras 1990 wels da Tavi mouyara yvela saer-TaSoriso organizacias im mizniT, rom ganxilul yofiliyo TanamSromlobis tipebi. ICOMO�-is riskisTvis mzadyof-nis koordinatorma leo van nispenma, romelic uZRveboda sauwyebaTaSoriso komisias riskisaTvis mzadyofnis gasau-mjobeseblad kulturuli memkvidreobis dargSi (sadac Se-diodnen UNE�CO, ICCROM, ICOMO�, ICOM, ICA, IFLA, evro

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sabWo da mravali sxva). gasuli xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi araerTi koleqtiuri RonisZieba da qmedeba ganxorcielda. es saxelmZRvanelo xelSesaxebi demonstrirebaa saerTaSo-riso TanamSromlobisadmi axleburi interesisa.

am saxelmZRvanelos publikacia msoflio memkvidreobis komitetis dafinansebiT moxda, rasac win uZRoda mis Sema-dgenlobasa Tu Sinaarsze mravalmxrivi konsultaciebi. am mxardaWeriT komitetma erTxel kidev daamtkica msoflio memkvidreobis konvenciis mniSvnelovani roli, rogorc Zlieri instrumentisa, romelsac didi sargeblobis motana SeuZlia msoflios ZeglebisaTvis _ da romlis SemwyobiT es saxelmZRvanelo (mis mier gamowveuli msjelobiTurT) xelmisawvdomi gaxdes menejerebisTvis, romlebic CarTuli arian Zeglebis movla-partonobis sferoSi yvela doneze.

saxelmZRvanelo efuZneba Zeglebis menejerebisTvis riskisTvis mzadyofnis direqtivebisa Tu saxelmZRvaneloe-bis momzadebis gamocdilebas. misi mizania mkiTxvels daex-maros standartuli, ukve aRwerili modelebis da miTiTe-bebis mixedviT Tavisi sakuTari direqtivebi gamoimuSaos. saxelmZRvaneloze muSaoba daiwyo winaswaruli konsulta-ciebiT sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiasa (IATF) da mis wevrebTan, Semdgom ki ganxiluli iqna ICCROM da ICOMO-is eqsper-tebis mier, Tumca es mainc mxolod dasawyisia. imedia, rom msoflioSi yvela mimarTulebiT arsebuli mravali `sauke-Teso praqtikuli~ magaliTi momavalSi ufro gaamdidrebs arsebul monacemebs. Tu Tqven gaqvT gamocdileba, romlis gaziarebasac isurvebdiT, gTxovT, dagvikavSirdeT da gad-mogvceT Tqveni informacia.

Jan-lui lukseni

ICOMO�-s generaluri mdivani

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samadlobeli

am saxelmZRvanelos Seqmna SesaZlebeli gaxda msoflio memkvidreobis komitetis finansuri mxardaWeriT da ICCROM, ICOMO� da UNE�CO-s kulturuli memkvidreobis ganyofilebis da msoflio memkvidreobis centris persona-lis mxridan dauSurvebeli TanadgomiT.

avtors gansakuTrebulad surs aRniSnos leo van nispe-nis, ICOMO� blu Sildis koordinatoris Taosnoba, romel-mac wamoiwyo aRniSnuli proeqti, konstruqciuli kritika, romelic gamoiTqva sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiis (IATF) mrgva-li magidis garSemo (aRsaniSnavia agreTve UNE�CO-s kul-turuli memkvidreobis ganyofilebis finansuri mxardaWera, romelmac SesaZlebeli gaxada mrgvali magidis Sexvedrebi) da dokumentis proeqtis ZiriTadi Semsworeblebis: leo van nispenis, ana vebster smiTis da henri qleeris (ICOMO�-dan), iuka iokiletos, jozef kingis da andrea urlandis (ICCROM-dan), etien klementis, herman van hoofis da hideo noguCis (UNE�CO-dan) wvlili.

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Tavi ISesavali

1.1 ratom gaxda aucilebeli SeqmniliyosaxelmZRvanelo riskis mzadyofnazekulturuli memkvidreobis dargSi?

1997 wlis 26 seqtembers asizSi momxdarma miwisZvram da msgavsma SemTxvevebma msoflio aiZula yuradReba mie-qcia SesaZlo riskze, romelic mudam emuqreba kulturul memkvidreobas. Tanamedrove mediis Zalas SeuZlia miipyros msoflios yvela moqalaqis yuradReba adamianTa dramaze, romelic ama Tu im adgilas momxdara. es ganavrcobs da-nakargis SegrZnebis ganmcdelTa ricxvs da aRvivebs uSua-lod dazaralebulTa mimarT TanagrZnobas. Cven dauyone-bliv mzad varT gaviRoT Cveni dro, fuli, energia da Za-lisxmeva imisaTvis, rom davexmaroT danaklisis aRdgenas da gavaumjobesoT prevenciuli strategiebi momavalSi msgavsi zianis Tavidan asacileblad. Tumca, rodesac SemTxveva ukve warsuls Cabarda da mediis yuradRebac TandaTan ganelda, Cven veRarc vixsenebT, ra da rogor moxda. aseve ganeldeba xolme Cveni zrunva Cveni kulturuli memkvidreobis, ro-gorc erTi mTliani memkvidreobis mimarTac, Tumca mas ara-naklebi xifaTi elis, vidre im TvaliT dasanaxi tragikuli ambebis msxverplT, Cveni yuradRebis mizidva rom SeZles.

Cven vexmaurebiT tragedias maSin, rodesac igi xdeba. Cven vexmaurebiT mas energiiT, TanagrZnobiTa da umweobis gancdiTac, Tumca Cven Tavs vikavebT mivmarTod mTeli Cveni unari imisken, rom ufro farTo masStabiT vmarToT proce-sebi, romlebzec pasuxismgebelni varT. Cven Tavs vikavebT seriozulad davxarjoT Tanxebi gaumjobesebuli mzaobi-sTvis ara mxolod momxdar movlenebze, aramed yvela im risk-faqtorebis prevenciaze romelmac SesaZloa safrTxe

I . konteqsti

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Seuqmnas kulturul memkvidreobas. am farTomasStaburi perspeqtivebis danaxva moiTxovs arsebiT gadaxedvas aqamde damkvidrebuli kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvisa da Se-narCunebis sakonservacio midgomisa, im midgomis, romelic gabatonebulia ukanaskneli ori saukunis ganmavlobaSi.

arsebuli midgomis gadaxedva amJamad ukve dawyebulia. bolodroindeli adamianismieri Zarcva-glejiT (mag., omi axlo aRmosavleTSi, samoqalaqo omi yof. iugoslaviaSi, angkoris gaZarcva) Tu bunebrivi kataklizmebiT (warRvna kvebekis sagenaiSi, miwisZvrebi kaliforniaSi, xanZrebi av-straliasa da amazonis xeobaSi da a.S) gamowveuli metad TvalsaCino danakargebis zegavleniT.

kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis bevri saagento da profesionali ukve 1990-iani wlebidan upiratesobas aniWebs ubedurebis Tavidan acilebis sakonservacio strategiebis ganviTarebas, vidre periodul Carevas.

Tuki prevenciisadmi interesi didi xania warmoadgen-da samuzeumo nivTebis, arqeologiuri teritoriebisa da koleqciebis konservatorebis samoqmedo gezs, uZravi Ze-glebis konservaciis profesionalebma (raki maTi umTavresi sazrunavi memkvidreobis nagebobaTa gamoyenebis saSualeba iyo) momarTes maTi sakonservacio qmedebebi epizoduri qme-debisken, rogoricaa SekeTeba, modernizacia, restavracia da reabilitacia.

blu Sildis moZraoba wamowyebul iqna Zeglebisa da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis saerTaSoriso sabWos mier (ICOMO�) 1992 wlis oqtomberSi. is miznad isaxavda kon-servaciisadmi midgomis da misi praqtikis reorientacias. Semdegi xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi sauwyebaTaSoriso samuSao jgufi (IATF) da ICCROM, UNE�CO, ICOMO�, ICOM da bevri sxva dainteresebuli uwyeba iRwvoda sauwyebaTaSoriso sa-muSao jgufis da misi individualuri wevrebis qmedebaTa koordinirebisken xuT ZiriTad sferoSi: dafinanseba, sa-gangebo reagireba, wvrTna da direqtivebi, dokumentacia da gaTviTcnobierebuloba. sauwyebaTaSoriso samuSao jgufis mier gatarebuli RonisZiebebis yvelaze naTeli Sedegi ga-xda 1996 wlis ivlisSi blu Sildis saerTaSoriso komitetis Camoyalibeba (ICB�), raTa momxdariyo sagangebo viTarebis

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reagirebis RonisZiebebis koordinireba yvela dainterese-buli uwyebis monawileobiT.

sauwyebaTaSoriso samuSao jgufis Sexvedrebsa da ma-sTan dakavSirebul forumebze gamoaSkaravda konservaciis specialistTa Soris ramdenime mniSvnelovani midgomismieri Zvra. saxeldobr, Seicvala damokidebuleba kataklizmebi-sadmi, rogorc naklebad saintereso risk-faqtorTan (Ti-Tqos imis gamo rom maTi albaToba iSviaTia). specialistebi mividnen im azramde, rom Zeglebisa da kulturuli memkvi-dreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis cxovrebaSi am xanmokle movlenaTa gavlena SeiZleba bevrad mniSvnelovani iyos, vi-dre yoveldRiuri cveTis gavlena. amasTan, gacnobierebul iqna, raoden mniSvnelovani iqneba prevenciaze axali, fo-kusirebuli principis SemoReba: riskis qveS myofi Zeglebi. es principi gvTavazobs ufro farTe TvalTaxedvas, vidre aqamde konservacis mimarT arsebuli midgomebi; es TvalTa-xedva iTvaliswinebs dazianebis yvela SesaZlo wyaros iden-tifikacias da prevencias, dawyebuli yoveldRiuri cveTi-dan, damTavrebuli kataklizmebis an konfliqtebis dros SesaZlo danakargebiT.

midgomaTa Tanxvedram or sferoSi ukve gamoiRo Sede-gi mTeli rigi wamowyebebiT rogorc erovnul, aseve saer-TaSoriso doneze. es saxelmZRvaneloc erT-erTi aseTi wamowyebis magaliTia. is momzadda ICOMO�-is mier, misi redaqtireba UNE�CO-s msoflio memkvidreobis komitetis mxardaWeriT gakeTda, xolo gamoica ICCROM-is mier. kul-turuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis saxelmZRva-nelo gamiznulia daxmareba aRmouCinos Zeglis menejerebs, maqsimalurad SeZlon riskis prevencia mosalodneli kata-strofis SemTxvevaSi.

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1.2. riskisTvis mzadyofna msoflio memkvidreobis konvenciis konteqstSi

1.2.1 konvenciis upiratesobani

msoflio memkvidreobis konvencia, ufro zustad, msoflio kulturuli da bunebrivi memkvidreobis dacvis konvencia, miRebul iqna 1972 wlis noembers, parizSi, UNE�CO-s meTe-qvsmete generalur konferenciaze. es konvencia UNE�CO-s erT-erTi warmatebaTagania, radganac ukve 1998 wels mas 150 qveyana SeuerTda da 500 Zegli iyo Setanili msoflio memkvidreobis nusxaSi. es nusxa SesaniSnavi iaraRia kaco-briobis saziaro memkvidreobis gandidebisa, misi RirsSesa-niSnavi adgilebis `gansakuTrebuli universaluri Rirebu-lebis~ Secnobis gziT.

miuxedavad imisa, rom konvenciis yuradReba mimarTu-lia, upirveles yovlisa, nusxaSi Sesuli RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebisadmi, is Tanabrad sasargebloa msoflioSi arse-buli mTeli kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis _ ganurCevlad imisa, iqneba is didi Tu mokrZalebuli mniSvnelobis.

konvencia agreTve sxva mxrivadacaa didad sasargeblo:

• is gamocdileba, romelic gadrovda msoflio memkvi-dreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis movla-patrono-basa Tu konservaciaSi, agreTve SesaZloa gamoyene-bul iqnes kulturuli memkvidreobis mqone yvela sxva RirsSesaniSnav Zeglebze.

• imisaTvis rom uzrunvelyofil iqnes erovnuli memkvidreobis mniSvnelovan elementebze zrunva, konvencia xels uwyobs konservaciis umaRlesi stan-dartebis danergvas erovnul doneze mis wevr qvey-nebSi. konvenciis me-4 da me-5 Tavi ambobs:

`imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyofil iqnas efeqturi da aqtiu-ri zomebis gatareba kulturuli da bunebrivi memkvidreo-bis dacvisaTvis, konservaciisa da prezentaciisaTvis, misi teritoriis farglebSi, konvenciis yoveli wevri saxel-

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mwifo, qveynis specifikis Sesabamisad, SeZlebisdagvarad unda ecados:

- miRebul iqnas zogadi politika, romlis mizani iqneba kulturul da bunebriv memkvidreobas mianiWos funqcia sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi da moaxdinos am memkvidreobis dacvis integracia dagegmvis yovlismomcvel programebSi;

- Tavis teritoriaze, iq, sadac ar arsebobs aseTi samsa-xurebi, unda Camoyalibdes kulturuli da naturaluri memkvidreobis dacvis, konservaciis da prezentaciis erTi an meti samsaxuri Sesabamisi personaliT da aRWurvilobiT, romelic funqcionirebadi iqneba;

- miRebul iqnas Sesabamisi samarTleblivi, samecniero, te-qnikuri, administraciuli da finansuri zomebi saWiro am memkvidreobis identifikaciisTvis, dacvisa da reabilita-ciisTvis.~

• konvencia SesaniSnavi iaraRia saerTaSoriso TanamSrom-lobisaTvis. igi efuZneba ZiriTad Zalisxmevas, xeli Seuwyos qveynebsa da sxvadasxva dainteresebul uwye-bebs Soris TanamSromlobas, raTa gandidebul iqnes Cve-ni saerTo, kacobriobisaTvis mniSvnelovani aspeqtebi.

• igi uzrunvelyofs Tanaswor da Tanmimdevrul Sefa-sebas msoflio memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgi-lebisa da Semdgom maTi konservaciis dilemebis ga-daWras, rac, Tavis mxriv, ganapirobebs dargis mec-nierul ganviTarebaSi axal-axali wvlilis Setanas.

1.2.2. konvenciis moqmedeba

konvenciis dadgenilebebi imarTeba samoqmedo principebiT, romelTa gadaxedva xdeba regularulad. isini aRweren konvenciis ganxorcielebis sxvadasxva procedurebsa da meTodebs.

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konvenciis moqmedeba xorcieldeba msoflio mem-kvidreobis komitetis (World Heritage Committee) mier, romlis wevrebic arCeuli arian konvenciis wevri saxel-mwifoebidan. komitetis marTva, romelic Sedgeba 21 qveynis warmomadgenlebisagan, xorcieldeba Svidi wevris mier, romlebic Seadgenen msoflio memkvidreobis biuros. UNE�CO-s xelSewyobiT, samdivno _ msoflio memkvidreobis centri (WHC) – aRasrulebs komitetis qmedebebs da aadvilebs misi rekomendaciebis sisruleSi moyvanas. es administraciuli erTeuli Camoyalibda 1992 wlis ivnisSi.

konvencia agreTve uzrunvelyofs, rom komitetisTvis saWiro rCevas is Rebulobdes sakonsultacio erTeulebisgan: ICOMO� da ICCROM-isgan kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis da bunebrivi memkvidreobis Sesaxeb ki msoflio konservaciis kavSirisgan (IUCN). ICOMO� da IUCN, rogorc damoukidebeli arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, awarmoeben im RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis Sefasebas, romlebic msoflio memkvidreobis nusxaSi aris Setanili, awarmoeben maT monitorings, iuwyebian maTi konservaciis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb da uzrunvelyofen Sesabamis teqnikur daxmarebas. es saxelmZRvanelo erT-erTia ICCROM-is mier Seqmnili seriidan, romlis pirveli wignia 1993 wels gamocemuli fildenis da iokiletos - msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis me-nejmentis ZiriTadi principebi. yvela sakonsultacio erTeuli piri agreTve mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs kon-venciis inteleqtualur ganviTarebaSi, rac xSirad sxvebTan partniorobis Sedegad xdeba; ICOMO�-i, magaliTad, Tana-mSromlobs industriuli memkvidreobis konservaciis saerTaSoriso komitetTan (TICCIH) industriuli mem-kvidreobis sferoSi, DOCOMOMO-sTan Tanamedrove ar-qiteqturis sferoSi. ICCROM-s axlo TanamSromloba akavSirebs miwiT mSeneblobis centrTan (CRAT-erre) miwis/alizis arqiteqturasTan dakavSirebiT.

samoqmedo principebi aRwers im safuZvlebs, romlis mixedviT ICOMO�-ma da msoflio memkvidreobis komitetma unda gansazRvron ama Tu im RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis nusxaSi Setanis sakiTxi. RirsSesaniSnavma adgilebma sami erTnairad mniSvnelovani piroba unda daakmayofilon:

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• unda gaaCndeT gansakuTrebuli universaluri Rire-buleba;

• maT unda gaiaron avTenturobis testi;

• isini unda iyvnen adekvaturad daculi.

Sesabamisad, es cxadyofs rom msoflio memkvidreobis nus-xaSi Sedis ara mxolod gansakuTrebuli, zogadsakacobrio mniSvnelobis obieqtebi, aramed kargad daculi - gan-sakuTrebuli, zogadsakacobrio mniSvnelobis obieqtebi.

imisaTvis, rom Zegli aRiaron gansakuTrebuli fase-ulobis mqone obieqtad, komitetma unda miiCnios, rom Zegli akmayofilebs eqvsi kriteriumidan erT-erTs mainc, romelnic aRwerilia samoqmedo principebis 24-e paragrafSi.

Zegli unda warmoadgendes:�. kacobriobis qmnilebis Sedevrs; an

�. adamianur faseulobaTa mniSvnelovan monacvleobas, droTa ganmavlobaSi an msoflio kulturul epoqaTa ganmavlobaSi, an msoflios kulturul sferoSi, arqiteqturis an teqnologiis ganviTarebaSi, monu-mentur xelovnebaSi, qalaqis dagegmarebaSi, land-Saftis dizainSi; an

�. unikalur an, sul mcire, gansakuTrebul magaliTs kulturuli tradiciisa an civilizaciisa, romelic dRemde arsebobs an ukve gadaSenda; an

�. gansakuTrebul magaliTs Senobis, an arqiteqturuli Tu teqnologiuri qmnilebis, an landSaftis, rom-elic TvalsaCinod warmoaCens kacobriobis istoriis mniSvnelovan etap(eb)s; an

�. gamoCenil magaliTs adamianTa tradiciuli dasax-lebis an miwaTsargeblobis, romelic asaxavs kul-turas da romelmac ganicada Seuqcevadi cvli-lebebis zegavlena; an

�. iyos asocirebuli movlenebTan an sacxovrebel pirobebTan, romlebic dakavSirebulia garkveul

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ideebTan da rwmenasTan, mxatvrul an literaturul naSromTan, romlebic universaluri mniSvnelobis arian (komiteti miiCnevs, rom am kriteriumis nusxaSi Setana mxolod gansakuTrebul SemTxvevaSi iqneba SesaZlebeli, Tu igi kavSirSi iqneba zemoT CamoTvlil romelime kriteriumTan).

is Zeglebi, romlebic mxolod meeqvse kriteriums akma-yofileben, mxolod gansakuTrebul SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba iqnan Seyvanili nusxaSi. komitets mniSvnelovnad miaCnia, rom meeqvse kriteriumis araxelSesaxebi asociaciebi unda iyos dakavSirebuli xelSesaxeb faseulobebTan Zeglis fizikur formebsa da msaxvelobasTan, romelnic sxva kulturuli kriteriumebiTaa Sefasebuli.

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, obieqti ara mxolod sayo-velTao kulturuli Rirebulebisa unda iyos, aramed avTenturobis testic unda gaiaros. avTenturoba sakmaod farTod aris axsnili saeqspluatacio principebSi, 24-e paragrafSi da moicavs Canafiqris masalis, xelobis an garemos avTenturobas:

• masala: `Senobis originaluri masala, istoriuli stratigrafia an istoriis mniSvnelovani fazebis zemoqmedebis kvalis xmovanebis naleqi~;

• xeloba: `Semadgenloba da niSnebi Senebis origi-naluri teqnologiisa; masalis damuSavebis teqno-logiebi da konstruqcia~;

• Canafiqri: `elementebi an forma, romelSic gamo-xatulia obieqtis mxatvruli da funqciuri Cana-fiqri (Zeglis Tavdapirveli sazrisi da gzavnili, mxatvruli da funqciuri idea, memorialuri as-peqti);~ an

• garemo: `adgili da garemo, romelic ukavSirdeba samSeneblo periodebs, adgilobriv landSafts. qa-laqis xedi, jgufuri Rirebuleba~.

kulturuli landSafti unda inarCunebdes misi xasiaTis avTenturobas.

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naras dokumenti avTenturobis Sesaxeb Rirebulad miiCnevs testis gafarToebas, raTa man moicvas funqciis, tradiciis da suliskveTebis avTenturoba.

da bolos, obieqtebs, romlebic miCneul iqnebian universaluri faseulobis matareblad, gaivlian avTen-turobis tests, moeTxovebaT agreTve iyvnen daculni adekvaturi menejmentiT, samarTlebrivi da tradiciuli meqanizmebiT. zogadad rom vTqvaT, es niSnavs samarTlebrivi dacvis arsebobas Sesabamis samTavrobo doneze, adminis-traciul mowyobas efeqturi menejmentisaTvis da obieqtis movlisa da mofrTxilebis tradiciul zomebs.

1.2.� riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreoba _ konvenciasTan mimarTebaSi

msoflio memkvidreobis konvencia uzrunvelyofs CarCos, romlis meSveobiTac xdeba riskis-qveS-myofi-obieqtis identifikacia. konvencia gvTavazobs safrTxis qveS myofi msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis nusxas, sadac Sesulia is obieqtebi, romelTa SenarCunebis uzrunvelsayofad saWiroa sagangebo zomebi da saerTaSoriso TanamSromloba.

sagulisxmoa, rom dResdReobiT safrTxis qveS myofi msoflio memkvidreobis nusxaSi kulturuli da bunebrivi obieqtebis mxolod mcire raodenobaa Setanili. Tumca, maTi konservaciis mdgomareobas didi adgili eTmoba msoflio memkvidreobis komitetis yovelwliur Sexvedrebze, sadac yuradReba konkretuli safrTxis raobas da misi Semsubuqebis SesaZlo xerxebzea gamaxvilebuli.

bolo dros komitetis mzardma yuradRebam monitoringis sakiTxebisadmi, agreTve gazarda yuradReba SesaZlo riskis mzadyofnis mimarTac. marTalia, sityva `monitoringma~ ganxilvisas SeSfoTeba gamoiwvia, magram komitetma gamoxata didi interesi garkveuliyo nusxaSi Setanili RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis konservaciis amJamindel mdgomareobasa da im safrTxeSi, rac maT emuqreba. komitetis 20 wlis moqmedebis mimoxilvaSi (gamoqveynda 1992 wels) yuradReba zogierT iseT sferozec gamaxvilda, rac riskis mzadyofnisTvisaa

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sagulisxmo. im xuTi miznidan, rac mimoxilvaSi konvenciis efeqturobis Sesafaseblad aris dasaxuli, ori swored mas Seexeba. komitetma gadawyvita:

• `xeli Seuwyos msoflio memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi Zeglebis adekvatur dacvasa da menejments:

- miiRos specialuri zomebi RirsSesaniSnavi ad-gilebis dacvisa da menejmentis gaZlierebis dasaxmareblad;

- RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis saSiSroebis da dazia-nebis sapasuxod miiRos Sesabamisi zomebi.

• ganaxorcielos msoflio memkvidreobis RirsSesa-niSnavi adgilebis ufro sistematuri monitoringi;

- gansazRvros monitoringis elementebi da pro-cedurebi;

- iTanamSromlos wevr saxelmwifoebTan da kompe-tentur organoebTan regularuli monitoringis Casatareblad~.

1992 da 1993 wlebSi eqspertTa Sexvedrebze monitoringis Taobaze, yuradReba gamaxvilda kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebisTvis mniSvnelovan sa-kiTxebze:

• 1992 wlis ̀ mimoxilvis~ mere monitoringi miCneul iqna `TanamSromlobis sistematur procesad~, romelic Seicavda axlo TanamSromlobas wevr saxelmwifos, msoflio memkvidreobis centrsa da sakonsultacio erTeulebs Soris;

• marTalia, vinaidan ar neldeboda uaryofiTi da-mokidebuleba monitoringis miznebis gamo (mag., laparakobdnen poziciurobaze, garedan gakontro-lebaze, erovnuli suverenitetis dakargvaze), aq-centi gakeTda angariSebze, romlebic ukeT aRwers ama Tu im obieqtis konservaciis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebis mcdelobas. ga-

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keTda gansxvaveba reaqtiul monitoringsa (swrafi gamoxmaureba Seqmnil saSiSroebaze) da sistematur monitorings Soris (RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis mdgo-mareobis Sesaxeb vrceli moxseneba).

• diskusiis dros yuradReba gamaxvilda sabazo mona-cemTa bazis Seqmnaze, romlis mixedviT SeiZleba dadgenil iqnas obieqtze momxdari _ sasikeTo Tu saziano _ cvlilebebi. es mosazreba sasargebloa agreTve `garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis~ modelis gamoyenebisas, SemoTavazebuli cvlilebebis obieqtze gavlenis Sesafaseblad, is aseve faseulia potenciuri katastrofebiT gamowveuli riskis Sefasebis CarCoSi muSaobis mcdelobisas. igi agreTve gvibiZgebs, ufro meti viRonoT kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis aRricxvasa da dokumentaciisTvis, ra-Ta uzrunvelyofil iqnes cvlilebebis Sesaxeb permanentuli da sarwmuno informacia.

konvenciis mexuTe muxli, romelic adre erovnul doneze kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis mcdelobis gaZlierebis mowodebad moviyvaneT, yuradRebas amaxvilebs aseve riskisa da saSiSroebaTa winaswar ukeTesad gansazRvrasa da maTTan dapirispirebaze, amisaTvis saWiroa:

ganviTardes samecniero da teqnikuri kvleva da Zieba, raTa iqnas gamomuSavebuli moqmedebis iseTi meTodebi, romlebic saxelmwifos miscems saSualebas, win aRudges safrTxes, romelic mis kulturul da bunebriv memkvidreobas emuqreba.

msoflio memkvidreobis komitetis yovelwliur Sexvedrebze gamarTuli msjeloba yovel jerze emsaxureba kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis mudmivad arsebuli da mzardi xifaTebis gacnobierebas, raTa moxdes yuradRebis gamaxvileba Zlieri da kargad koordinirebuli kontr-qmedebebis saWiroebaze. am saxelmZRvanelos gamosacemad komitetis finansuri mxardaWera agreTve naTlad aCvenebs mis mondomebas gaumjobesdes kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis Sesaferisi RonisZiebebi.

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1.� saxelmZRvanelos SemuSavebis Sesaxeb

riskisTvis mzadyofnis saxelmZRvanelo Cafiqrebul iq-na rogorc praqtikuli instrumenti, romelic daexma-reba kulturuli memkvidreobis menejerebs da specia-listebs ukeT moemzadon bunebrivi Tu adamianismieri katastrofebisTvis, gaumklavdnen maT da gamoasworon maTi Sedegebi. es mxolod nawilia im iniciativebisa, romlebic SemuSavda kulturuli memkvidreobis dargSi riskisaTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad Seqmnil sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiis wevrebis mier 1992 wlis oqtomberSi, parizSi, ICOMO�-is mier gamarTuli Sexvedris Semdeg.

es Sexvedrebi gaimarTa sapasuxod im gulacruebisa, romelic msoflio masStabiT ganicades konservaciis spe-cialistebma, rac gamoixata 1980-ian da 1990-ian wlebSi kulturuli memkvidreobis SesamCnevi danakargebiT, rac sparseTis yureSi da yofil iugoslaviaSi omianobam, xolo CrdiloeT da samxreT amerikasa da aziaSi qariSxlebma, miwisZvrebma da zvavebma gamoiwvia. Tumc ki, amgvari mov-lenebica da adamianTa sicocxlisa Tu kulturuli mem-kvidreobisaTvis maT mier motanili ziani axali sulac ar yofila, isini amjerad imdenad TvalsaCino aRmoCnda, rom mraval konservators Zlieri grZnobebi aReZra. bevri maTgani werilobiT mimarTavda ICOMO�, ICOM da UNE�CO-s kiTxviT: `ra SegviZlia gavakeToT?~

pirveli msjelobisas, romelic gaimarTa sauwyebaTa-Soriso komisiis mier, ganisazRvra am sferoSi samuSao qmedebaTa ukeTesi analizisa da gansazRvrisaTvis saWiro CarCo. iqna gansazRvruli potenciuri aqtivobis xuTi sfero:

- dafinanseba;- gadaudebeli gamoxmaureba;- dokumentacia;- wvrTna da saxelmZRvaneloebi;- gacnobiereba.

yovel maTganSi potenciuri aqtivoba ganixileboda sam etapad:

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katastrofamde (mzadyofna), katastrofis dros (gamoxmaureba) da Semdeg (aRdgena).

garda am ZiriTadi CarCosa, sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiam yuradReba momuSave mraval saagentosa da jgufebs Soris kulturuli memkvidreobis da riskis menejmentis sferoSi TanamSromlobisa da koordinaciis gaumjobesebazec gaamax-vila. winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo damuSavebulia ̀ wvrTna da saxelmZRvaneloebis~ punqtis farglebSi, raTa praqtikulad dawyebuliyo riskis qveS myofi obieqtebis menejerebis swavleba, wvrTna da maTi unar-Cvevebis amaRleba SesaZlo katastrofebTan dakavSirebiT.

saxelmZRvanelo muSavdeboda sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiis samuSao sesiebze msjelobisas, kerZod, mrgval magidasTan Sexvedraze parizSi, 1996 wlis 3 aprils, romelic daeTmo am Temas. daaxloebiT 40-ma warmomadgenelma 15-ze meti saagentodan miiRo monawileoba daZabul gonebriv muSaobaSi am saxelmZRvanelos mdgradi filosofiuri orientaciis da formatis gansasazRvrad. am da Semdgomma Sexvedrebmac kvebekSi daadastura, rom saxelmZRvanelosTvis Semdgomi miznebia mniSvnelovani:

• saxelmZRvanelo unda iTvaliswinebdes yvela saxis kulturul memkvidreobas, romelic gansazRvrulia msoflio memkvidreobis konvenciiT: Zeglebi, Seno-baTa jgufebi (an ansamblebi), RirsSesaniSnavi ad-gilebi, amasTan, obieqtebi, romelic moipoveba an nawilia istoriuli nagebobebis (mag:, moZravi da uZravi memkvidreoba unda ganxilul iqnas rogorc erTi ganuyofeli mTliani);

• saxelmZRvanelos upirvelesi mizania daexmaros ZeglTa menejerebs, rom maT ganaviTaron riskisTvis mzadyofnis Tavisi sakuTari meTodi da principi, romelic morgebuli iqneba konkretul ekonomikur, politikur da kulturul garemoebebs;

• sauwyebaTaSoriso komisiis Sexvedrebze, aseve ka-nadasa da iaponiaSi saerTaSoriso Sexvedrebze aq-

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centi swired safrTxisTvis mzadyofnis arsebul infrastruqturaSi kulturuli memkvidreobis mov-la-patronobis integraciaze daismoda. amitomac Cveni saxelmZRvanelo menejerebs imdenad riskisgan dacvis calke midgomis gamomuSavebas ki ar sTavazobs, ramdenadac gamokveTs kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis zomebis integraciis mniSvnelobas arsebuli sagangebo reagirebis dagegmarebis meqanizmebTan;

• saxelmZRvaneloSi yuradReba uwinaresad mimarTulia memkvidreobis yovelmxrivi dacvis da safrTxis Sem-subuqebis strategiis ganviTarebaze. am strategiam unda gaaerTianos saWiro administraciuli, saeqs-pluatacio da teqnikuri RonisZiebebi da SemuSa-vebul da sisruleSi moyvanil unda iqnas Zeglisa Tu RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis menejerebis mier muni-cipalitetis im oficialur pirebTan SeTanxmebiT, romlebic pasuxismgebelni arian usafrTxoebasa da dacvaze. aseTi strategiuli analizi unda moxdes im zomebisgan damoukideblad, romlebic mTavrobam an misma warmomadgenlebma SeiZleba ganaxorcielon am sferoSi meti efeqturobis da TanamSromlobis gasaumjobeseblad. strategia unda axdendes yvela SesaZlo samoqmedo sferos integracias, romelTa meoxebiTac SeiZleba gaaumjobeso riskis qveS myofi memkvidreobis dacvis pirobebi da ara mxolod im zomebisa, romlebic martooden reagirebis gamos-worebazea mimarTuli;

• saxelmZRvaneloSi yuradReba unda mieqces damxmare zomebs erovnul doneze kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebas, Tavis mxriv, pirobebs TviT RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis doneze;

• saxelmZRvanelo orientirebuli iqneba yvelaze gav-rcelebuli katastrofebis prevenciisa da Serbi-lebis zomebze (xanZari, wyaldidoba, miwisZvra da SeiaraRebuli konfliqti) da ara sxvadasxva tipis kulturuli memkvidreobis (Zeglebi, land-Saftebi, istoriuli raionebi) specifikur saWiro-

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ebebze. saxelmZRvaneloSi yvelaze metad gavrce-lebuli katasrofebi erTmaneTis miyolebiT iqneba ganxiluli. katastrofaTaTvis mzadyofnis prin-cipebi SemuSavebuli konkretuli RirsSesaniSnavi adgilisTvis moiTxovs strategiebis integracias TiToeul katastrofasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic mniSvnelovania RirsSesaniSnavi adgilisTvis; integ-raciis done da tipi damokidebuli iqneba katastrofis xasiaTze da ama Tu im viTarebis bunebaze;

• saxelmZRvaneloSi moyvanili rekomendaciebi da wi-nadadebebi, pirvelyovlisa, memkvidreobis calke-uli obieqtebisa da nagebobebis menejmentisTvisaa gamiznuli; Tu es saWiro iqneba, mas unda daematos rekomendaciebi istoriuli raionebisTvis, kultu-ruli landSaftebisa da ramdenime mflobelis xelSi myofi sxva erTeulebisTvis. miuxedavad ami-sa, menejerebi umravlesad, albaT, moaxerxeben eqstrapolireba moaxdinon calkeuli nagebobisa Tu obieqtisTvis gankuTvnili, nacadi modelidan, raTa mixedon Tavis, ufro rTuli Sedgenilobis obieqtebs;

• miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmZRvanelo gankuTvnilia Zeglebisa da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis meneje-rebisaTvis, Tanac Sesabamisi kulturuli memkvi-dreobisa da misi konteqstis udidesi mravalfe-rovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, igi gamosadegia agreTve mravali tipis administratorebisaTvis, politikuri pirebisaTvis, kulturuli memkvidreobis darg-Si moRvawe moxeleebisTvis da konsultant-speci-alistebisTvis, romelTa gadawyvetilebebi erTi-anobaSi zemoqmedebas axdens Zeglis keTildReobaze;

• miuxedavad imisa, rom uSualo safiqrali msoflio memkvidreobis nusxaSi Sesuli RirsSesaniSnavi Zeglebi iyo, saxelmZRvanelos rCevebi da reko-mendaciebi waadgeba kulturuli memkvidreobis Ri-rebulebis mqone sxva RirsSesaniSnav adgilebsac. saxelmZRvanelo uSualod arc exeba bunebrivi

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memkvidreobis Rirebulebis mqone RirsSesaniSnav adgilebs;

• saxelmZRvanelo Tanabrad agreTve unda exebodes bunebrivsa da adamianismier katastrofebs; miuxedavad imisa, rom isini erTmaneTisgan didad gansxvavdebian fsiqologiuri gavlenis tipiT, fizikuri SedegiT isini xSirad gvanan erTmaneTs da orivesTvis sargoa mzadyofnis da aRdgenis erTianad dagegmareba.

saxelmZRvanelo iTvaliswinebs zemoaRniSnul sferoebSi saTanado rekomendaciebis mignebasa da Tavmoyras, im ma-salebze dayrdnobiT, romelic mogrovda uwyebaTaSoriso komisiis kvlevebsa da Sexvedrebze kvebekSi (kanada), ko-beSi (iaponia), sofiaSi (bulgareTi) da vaSingtonSi (aSS). saxelmZRvanelo emyareba agreTve bevr ukve gamocemul dokuments katastrofebisaTvis mzadyofnis zogadi prin-cipebis Sesaxeb; kerZod, Semowmebul kiTxvarebs, romlebic SemuSavebulia ICOMO�-is mier gamocemul wignSi `blu Sildis erovnuli komitetis ZiriTadi principebi, Zeglze da RirsSesaniSnav adgilebze mzadyofnis samoqmedo gegma~ (red. natali martini 1995).

mkiTxvelma isic unda icodes, rom saxelmZRvanelo ar aris gamiznuli teqnikuri rigis pasuxi gasces ama Tu teqnikursve im problemas da kiTxvas: is ufro gamiznulia daexmaros mkiTxvels gamoiyenos erTgvari dagegmvis Car-Co midgoma Sesabamisi strategiebisa da gegmebis Sesamu-Saveblad kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzad-yofnis gaumjobesebis sferoSi. SeiZleba ise Candes, rom SemoTavazebulia problemis gadaWrisadmi `Sen TviTon gaakeTes~ midgomis erTi nairsaxeoba; CarCos elementebi, principebi, sakiTxebis da sazrunavTa CamonaTvali SeiZleba gavigoT, rogorc sasargeblo kiTxvarebis wyebis SeTavazeba menejerebisTvis, romlebic cdiloben ukeT izrunon _ riskisadmi mzadyofnis konteqstSi - maTdami mibarebuli obieqtebis, rogorc memkvidreobis maxasiaTebel Tvisebebze. aq moyvanili yvela rCeva yovelTvis konkretul, Sesabamis konteqstSi unda iyos ganxiluli da gaazrebuli. Sesabamisad, ar unda avyveT cdunebas rom saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli

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rekomendaciebi pirdapir, problemis gadaWris formulebad movimarjvoT. saxelmZRvanelos mizania daexmaros mene-jerebs, kulturuli memkvidreobis Rirebulebis mqone obieqtebis riskisaTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis zo-mebis Sefasebisas maTi profesiuli msjeloba ufro Ca-moyalibebuli da daxvewili iyos.

1.4 saxelmZRvanelos momxmarebelTaTvis

miuxedavad imisa, rom es saxelmZRvanelo Seqmnil iqna kulturuli Rirebulebis mqone obieqtebis marTvaze pa-suxismgebel pirTaTvis, igi agreTve gamoadgeba yvela im pirs, vinc sxva konteqstSi muSaobs, Tumca visma qmedebamac SeiZleba gavlena iqonios obieqtis mdgomareobaze. imedia, saxelmZRvanelo daexmareba am pirebs riskisTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxebi ukeT gaigon, Sesabamisad, ukeT SesZlon daxmareba aRmouCinon ama Tu im obieqts maTi pasuxismgeblobis farglebSi Sesatyvisi qmedebebiT.

maSasadame, saxelmZRvanelo Seqmnil iqna konservaciis specialistebisTvis, raTa maTTvis ukeTesi gasagebi gam-xdariyo riskisTvis mzadyofnis ZiriTadi ideebi, raTa specialistebma SesZlon warmoadginon is ideebi da kon-cefciebi, rac safuZvlad udevs konservaciis sferos; es yvelaferi ki sabolood xels Seuwyobs gadawyvetilebis mimReb pirebTaTvis da administratorebisaTvis adgilobriv, regionalur da erovnul doneze ukeT moaxdinon kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis zrunva riskisTvis mzadyofnis mimdinare dagegmvaSi.

amitomac, saxelmZRvanelos yvela nawili ver iqneba yvela mkiTxvelisTvis Tanabrad mniSvnelovani da Rirebuli. arc aris saWiro saxelmZRvanelos Tavebis erTi meoris Semdeg wakiTxva, maTi Sinaarsis efeqturad gamoyenebisaTvis.

qveviT gTavazobT mokle aRweras wignis calkeuli Tavebis mizandasaxulobisa, raTa mkiTxvelma SeZlos misTvis uSualod saWiro informacias maSinve miagnos da gamoiyenos igi Tavisi konkretuli miznebisaTvis.

Tavi 2, zogadi mimoxilva. gamoyofilia ramdenime

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im mraval dabrkolebaTagan, romlebsac vawydebiT kon-servaciisa da riskisTvis mzadyofnis sferoebSi da gvTavazobs maTi gadawyvetis gzebs.

Tavi 3, ufro sagulisxmo unda iyos Tavad meneje-rebisaTvis da moicavs aT princips, romlebic unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli riskisaTvis mzadyofnis strategiebis da gegmebis dasaxvasa da gaumjobesebaSi kulturuli memkvidreobis sasikeTod.

Tavi 4, miznad isaxavs daexmaros memkvidreobis obi-eqtis menejerebs daiwyon riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis marTvis analizis da dagegmvis gaumjobeseba. es Tavi gvawvdis zogad gansazRvrebas riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis efeqturi dagegmvis procesebze da gansazRvravs dagegmarebis mimarTulebebs, romelic gamosadegia saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxiluli memkvid-reobis sxvadasxva saxeobisTvis.

Tavi 5-10 warmoadgens saxelmZRvanelos ZiriTad nawils. is, upirveles yovlisa, gankuTvnilia memkvidreobis obieqtis menejerTaTvis. aq dawvrilebiTaa moTxrobili sxvadasxva xifaTis Sesaxeb, romelTac SeiZleba hqondes zegavlena da maT Sesabamisad gasaTvaliswinebelia riskisaTvis mzadyofnis gegmebis damuSavebisas. Tavi 10 gvTavazobs xerxebs, Tu rogor CamovayaliboT konkretuli obieqtebisTvis ZiriTadi principebi, damyarebuli memkvidreobis Rirebulebebze da yvelaze gavrcelebul sxvadasxva saSiSroebaze.

Tavi 11, yvelaze metad administratorebisTvisaa gamo-sayenebeli. administratorebi aq ganixilebian rogorc jgufi, romelic adgens politikas da gansazRvravs adgi-lobriv, regionalur da erovnul parametrebs, romlis farglebSi menejerebma unda imuSaon Tavisi miznebis mi-saRwevad. es ganakveTi amaxvilebs yuradRebas sxvadasxva saSualebebze, romelTa meSveobiT SeiZleba gaumjobesebuli iqnas rogorc politika, aseve mis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebuli praqtika.

danarTSi 1-5 mocemulia mTliani teqstebi im doku-mentebisa, romlebic naxsenebia wignSi. moyvanilia rigi magaliTebisa, romelic exeba sxvadasxva pirobebSi myof sxvadasxva tipis kulturul memkvidreobas.

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Tavi 2riskisTvis mzadyofnis mniSvneloba

kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis

2.1. midgomismieri dabrkolebebi: argumentebi da kontr-argumentebi

bolodroindeli wamowyebani saerTaSoriso, regionalur da adgilobriv doneze kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad, pasuxia 1990-ian wlebSi im specialistebis mier gamomJRavnebul SeSfoTebaze, romlebic eZeben profesiuli Carevis ukeTes gzebs. es wamowyebebi ganamtkicebs mzadyofnis, reagirebis da aRdge-nis arsebul CarCos da kulturuli memkvidreobis uZravi Zeglis doneze amkvidrebs praqtikuli Tanadgomis mTel rig sasargeblo meqanizmebs.

amave dros, am qmedebebma xeli Seuwyes ramdenime sakvanZo dabrkolebis gamovlenas, rac win eRobeba sasurveli ga-umjobesebis miRwevas. bevri am winaRobaTagani Tavisi bunebiT midgomismieria da maTi saTave memkvidreobiT _ naklebi odenobiT katastrofebisTvis mzadyofniT _ dasaqmebuli profesionalebis Cveuli ganwyobilebebia. TvalsaCinoa `pasiuri~ winaaRmdegoba konservatorebis erTobaSi, romelic yovelTvis gamoexmaureboda xolme sagangebo viTarebas, magram naklebad aris dainteresebuli mzadyofnis dagegmviT, vidre am sferosTvis centralurad miCneuli Temebis mimarT (avTenturoba, Tanamedrove Se-nobebis konservacia, kulturuli landSaftebis kon-servacia). 1996-99 wlebSi ICOMO� samwliani periodis winamZRoli Tema _ memkvidreobis gonivruli moxmareba _ gvTavazobs araCveulebriv CarCos riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis mimarT yuradRebis ufro metad gasamaxvileblad.

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saWiroa Tvali guldasmiT gadavavloT yvela midgomis-mier dabrkolebebs raTa moxdes SesaZlo sadavo argumente-bis gamovlena da maTi ganmapirobebeli ganwyobilebisadmi SewinaaRmdegeba. isini qveviT eqvs konceftualur Temad ganixileba.

1. survilis ararseboba seriozuli yuradReba mieqces kulturuli memkvidreobis danakargebs im katastrofebis dros, romelTac adamianebic Seiwires.

argumenti:

kulturuli memkvidreobis specialistebi, romlebsac xSirad iwveven konservaciis gansaxorcieleblad ka-tastrofebis Semdgom, moulodnelad awydebian mosaxleobis guliswyromas, romelTac aeWvebT, rom gansakuTrebuli yuradRe-ba materialuri sagnebisa Tu elementebis mimarT misaRebi iyos, maSin ro-desac isini ganicdian uzo-mo mwuxarebas adamianTa moulodneli da tragikuli aRsasruli gamo.

kontrargumenti:

eWvgareSea, rom isini, visac Tavs daatyda adamianebis tragikuli daRupva, imsaxu-reben mxardaWeras da pa-tiviscemas; amasTan ki, un-da gvesmodes, rom dazar-alebuli pirebisa da adgi-lobrivi sazogadoebebis una-ri aRadginon wonasworoba Ta-vianT cxovrebaSi, didwilad aris damokidebuli memkvidre-obis im elementebisa da simboloebis aRorZineba-ga-Zlierebis mcdelobaze, ro-melnic tradiciulad saz-riss, wesrigs da uwyvetobas aniWebda cxovrebas. araf-rismomtania iseTi sauba-ri, romelic viTomda gu-lisxmobs arCevans adamianis sicocxlesa da kacobriobis memkvidreobas Soris.

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2. uZravi Zeglebis profesionalebs Soris urTierTTanamSromlobis Cvevebis gaZlierebis aucilebloba.

argumenti:

konservaciis specialis-tebi midrekilni arian Tavis mofarglul aspa-rezze imuSaon, miuxedavad imisa, rom maTi qmedebebis warmateba bevrad SeiZleba iyos dakavSirebuli sxva sferoebTan TanamSromlo-bazec. maTi argumentacia amosavali profesiuli `siwmindis~ SenarCunebaa, mcdari rwmena, rom Tu guls daudeben, vTqvaT, iseT ekonomikas, turizms an katastrofebze reagi-rebas, es rogorRac gana-qarvebs da Selaxavs kul-turul memkvidreobas romelsac isini Tavisad Tvlian.

kontrargumenti:

mxolod da mxolod calke aRebuli konservacia xelis-SemSlelia imaTTvis, vinc memkvidreobis asparezze sxva dargebTan TanamSromlobas ar cdilobs. Tu memkvidreo-bis qomagebi gancalkevdebian da mxolod Tavis miznebsa da sakeTebels mixedaven, isini SeiZleba umTavresi gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas ganze aRmoCndnen da sakuTari sa-muSaos mxardaWerac moakl-deT. memkvidreobis profe-sionalebs moexsenebaT, rom 20 wlis win am dargSi Semo-Rebulma „integrirebulma konservaciam“ Tavisi arsiT sruliad moicva da SeiTavsa memkvidreobis obieqtis mi-marT arsebuli yovelnairi kanonieri interesi da mxo-lod am gziT SeiZleba gaxdes konservaciis miznebi da amo-canebi realurad Sesrulebadi. efeqturi konservacia moiTxovs mravalmxriv TanamSromlobas sxva momijnave dargebTan; mar-tooden riskis qveS myofi kul-turuli memkvidreobis obie-qtebze muSaobac moiTxovs Ria da mravaldargobriv TanamSrom-lobas saswrafo reagirebaze pa-suxismgebel pirebTan.

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3. uZravi Zeglebis konservaciis profesionalTa saqmianobaSi SesaZlo riskebze mzaobis gazrda.

argumenti:konservaciis bevri specia-listi miiCnevs, rom kata-strofebisaTvis mzadyof-na, romelic TavisTavad yuradRebis Rirsia, arso-brivad yuradRebis Rirsia mxolod mcirericxovan ga-monaklis SemTxvevebSi.

kontrargumenti:es Sexedeuleba mcdaria. erTi romelime movlenis Sedegebi SeiZleba aRmoCndes fatalu-rad katastrofuli rogorc memkvidreobis obieqtisTvis, aseve mosaxleobisTvisac; Se-sabamisad, adekvaturi mzad-yofna am erTi, calkeuli movlenisTvis yoveldRiur sifxizles moiTxovs.

4. uZravi Zeglebis specialistebs sWirdebaT ganamtkicon kavSiri moZravi Zeglebis koleqciebis, muzeumebisa da arqeologiuri teritoriebis konservaciis specialistebTan.

argumenti:istoriulad uZravi Zeglis konservaciis specialistebi didad ar interesdebodnen moZravi Zeglebis an arqeo-logiuri nivTebis konserva-ciis profesionalTa mid-gomebis SeswavliT (gansxva-vebiT teqnikuri sferosgan, mag., masalaTa konservacia). es Sexeduleba TiTqosda em-yareba imis gancdas, rom uZ-ravi Zeglis profesionalebi muSaoben sruliad gansxvave-bul samyaroSi _ ufro rTul yoveldRiur garemoSi, ro-melic dakavSirebulia ufro gamoyenebis da ukugebis sa-kiTxebTan, vidre fizikuri konservaciis problemebTan.

kontrargumenti:ukve ormoc welze metia, rac nivTebis, koleqciebis da arqeologiuri teri-toriebis konservacia, ar-qiteqturuli memkvidreo-bis sferos sazRvrebs miRma, katastrofebisTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxebSi da-winaurda da SeiZina mni-Svnelovani praqtikuli ga-mocdileba; metic, preven-ciuli midgoma nivTebis konservatorebisa SeiZleba mravlismomcemi gamodges kulturuli memkvidreo-bis profesionalTaTvis, romelTac swadiaT muSao-baSi ufro erTiani midgo-ma danergon.

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5. uZravi Zeglebis konservaciis profesionalTaTvis prevenciuli midgomebis Rirebulebisadmi interesis gaZlierebis saWiroeba.

argumenti:uZravi Zeglebis profesional-profesional-Ta umravlesoba intervenciuli zomebis dagegmvas ufroa SeCveu-li vidre prevenciuli Ronis-Ziebebisa. intervenciuli zomebi TvaliT dasanaxi da mkveTria da dramatulia, da iZleva sxvadasx-va konservaciuli filosofiebis TvalnaTliv gamokvlevis saSuale-bas. midgomebi, romelic fokusi-rebulia obieqtis arsebuli mdgo-mareobis SenarCunebaze, uiSviaTe-sad Tua profesiulad imdenisve momtani an saintereso.

kontrargumenti:prevenciuli midgoma axangrZlivebs kultu-ruli memkvidreobis arsebobas grZelva-dian sqemaSi naklebi danaxarjiT; Zeglis avTenturoba ufro maRalia, Tuki masze periodulad Catare-buli sarestavracio - sakonservacio samu-Saoebis raodenoba mi-numamdea dayvanili.

6. riskisTvis mzadyofnis pasuxismgebel pirTa Soris kulturuli memkvidreobis mimarT interesis gaZlierebis saWiroeba.

argumenti:riskisTvis mzadyofnis spe-cialistebi (mexanZreebi, da a.S.) zogjer arc Tu did interess gamoxataven kulturuli memkvidreo-bis maT samuSaoSi CarTvis mimarT; es gamowveulia ufro memkvidreobis sfe-ros an misi saWiroebebis arcodniT an rwmeniT, rom am dargis profesionalebs ar ainteresebT Sinaarsiani dialogi.

kontrargumenti:riskisaTvis mzadyofnis spe-cialistebma gamoiCines mzadyofna moaxdinon kul-turul memkvidreobaze zru-nvis integracia im SemTx-vevaSi, Tu memkvidreobiT dasaqmebulni mzad iqnebian mkafiod da naTlad Camoaya-libon moTxovnebi da miz-nebi da Tuki isini SeZleben gamoavlinon mzaoba gaxdnen ufro moqnilni TavianTi miznebis misaRwevad.

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2.2 riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis CarCo

kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaum-jobeseba bevr sargebels mogvitans. mniSvnelovania, rom RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis menejerebma es sargebloba ar-gumentad moiSvelion raTa Sedegad gaizardos maTi unari gaaumjobeson maTdami mindobili memkvidreobis obieqtze zrunva.

• kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis, maTi koleqciebi-sa da Semadgeneli nawilebis sicocxlis gaxangrZlivebas SeuZlia am obieqtebs realuri sargebeli moutanos.

• riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis CarCos miRebiT xdeba konservaciis yuradRebis refokusire-ba mkurnalobiTidan prevenciulze, moklevadianidan grZelvadianze da, amave dros, sTavazobs memkvidreobis obieqtTa mepatroneebs grZelvadian periodSi saxsrebis dazogvis mniSvnelovan SesaZleblobas.

• kulturuli memkvidreobis riskis qveS yofnaze damyare-buli midgoma TavTavianT sargebels ama Tu im jgufebsac sTavazobs. amgvarad:

- memkvidreobis profesionalTaTvis katastrofe-bisaTvis mzadyofna sagangebo SemTxvevisTvis gamz-adebuli raRac scenari ki ar aris, aramed ukidu-resoba, romlis mopirdapired sazrunavTa uwyveti jaWvia; kulturuli memkvidreobis moZraobisTvis mudmivi zrunvis CarCos moaqvs yvela kulturuli obieqtis marTvaze erTiani fokusireba da ara mxo-lod elitarulad miCneuli Rirebulebebis dacva;

- uZravi Zeglebis specialistebs eZlevaT SesaZleblo-ba mWidrod iTanamSromlon moZrav nivTTa da ar-qeologiuri konservaciis specialistebTan, saerTo midgomebis SesamuSaveblad;

- riskisTvis mzadyofnis specialistebisaTvis, mud-mivi zrunvis CarCo naTelyofs, rom memkvidreobiT

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dasaqmebulebsac, yvela sxvaTa msgavsad, safiqralad aqvT sicocxlis gangrZoba, usafrTxoeba da mravali gza, romliTac memkvidreobaSic swored sicocxle gamoixateba.

kulturuli memkvidreoba yovelTvis riskis qveSaa. sa-frTxes uqmnis mas ngreva-dataceba, safrTxes uqmnis mas bunebis gauTvaliswinebadi miqcev-moqceva. safrTxes uqm-nis politikuri da ekonomikuri zewola. safrTxes uqmnis kvdomis, cveTisa da upatronobis yoveldRiuri moqmedeba. safrTxes uqmnis mas TviT zedmetad mondomebuli konser-vatoris xelic ki!

Tu kulturuli memkvidreobiT dasaqmebulni iwyeben dialogs, romelic am winapirobas emyareba, maSin maT Ses-wevT unari urTierToba daamyaron ara marto katastro-febisTvis mzadyofnis dagegmvaze pasuxismgebel pirebTan, aramed rigiT adamianebTan, romlebic aseve aucileblad fxizlad unda iyvnen da visac, ubedurebis pirispir mxneoba unda SevmatoT. maSin Cven movaxerxebT katastrofebTan da mis SedegebTan gamklavebas adamianebis sicocxlis kultu-ruli memkvidreobis faseulobasTan Sepirispirebis gareSe. Cven vaRiarebT, rom adamianTa sicocxle da kulturuli memkvidreoba urTierTkavSirSia da erTi ganuyofeli mTe-lis nawilebi da erTis gadasarCenad gaweuli Zalisxmeva Za-las matebs meores.

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Tavi 3kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis

mzadyofnis principebi

3.1 Sesavali

kulturuli memkvidreobis konservaciis sferoSi didi mniSvneloba eniWeba, rom praqtikosma specialistebma kul-turuli memkvidreobis obieqtebze Sesaferisi Carevebi gawion. konservaciis profesionalebi am principebad do-qtrinuli teqstebis wyebas aRiareben, romelnic ase Tu ise veneciis qartiasTan (1964) arian dakavSirebuli. am ukanas-knelis mcvelad ki yvelas mier ICOMO�-ia miCneuli. ICO-MO�-ma ikisra pasuxismgebloba raTa, uwinaresad, saerTa-Soriso samecniero komitetebis mcdelobiT, veneciis qar-tiaSi warmodenil ZiriTad principebs calkeuli monaTesave dargebisTvis SemuSavebuli teqstebi Sematos.

ICOMO�-ma SeimuSava qartiebi da saxelmZRvanelo Zi-riTadi principebi kulturuli turizmis, wylisqveSa arqeo-logiis, istoriuli qalaqebis, arqeologiuri memkvidreobis menejmentis, istoriuli baRebis, aRnusxvisa da dokumenta-ciis, wvrTnisa da ganaTlebis, avTenturobis sferoebSi. veneciis qartiis Semdeg es aris pirveli mcdeloba univer-saluri principebis wyebis SemuSavebisa. es principebi moce-mulia naras avTenturobis dokumentSi, romelic miRebul iqna 1994 wlis noemberSi; igi fokusirebuli iyo moexdi-na avTenturobis interpretacia specifiuri kulturuli memkvdreobis (mag., tipilogiis) konteqstSi. amJamad muSav-deba xalxuri arqiteqturis konstruqciuli sistemebisa da tyis konservaciis doqtrinuli teqstebi.

Tumca kobe _ tokios deklaracia mogviwodebs riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis principebi Sevimu-SaoT, es jerac ar gakeTebula. marTalia ICOMO�-is arse-buli doqtrinuli teqstebi garkveulwilad uzrunvelyofs kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjo-besebisTvis sayuradRebo sakiTxebis gaZRolas, Tumca ris-kisaTvis mzadyofnas pirdapir sul ramdenime muxli eTmoba,

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aq vnaxavT miniSnebebs monaTesave sakiTxebze _ mag., movlis mniSvnelobisa Tu aRnusxvis Rirebulebebze, rogorc erTg-vari „dazRvevisa“ (igulisxmeba Rirebuli informaciis Senar-Cuneba memkvidreobis _ friad arasasurveli _ ganadgurebis SemTxvevaSi); orive warmoadgens mniSvnelovan komponents riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis CarCosi.

riskisTvis mzaobis gaumjobesebisaTvis miRebuli prin-cipebi moicavs aseve im mniSvnelovan sakiTxebs romlebic wamoiWra „blu Sildis“ mier organizebul debatebze:

• radgan ukanaskneli saerTaSoriso deklaraciebi miz-nad isaxavs kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis gaumjobesebuli mzadyofnis integracias katastro-febisTvis mzadyofnis arsebul infrastruqturaSi, es principebi arsebuli sruqturebis da praqtikuli qmedebis konteqstSi unda moeqces, raTa davicvaT sicocxle da sakuTreba katastrofebisa Tu Seiara-Rebuli konfliqtebis pirispir da

• rogorc am saxelmZRvanelos Sesaval nawilSi aRi-niSna, uZrav Zeglze gansaxorcielebeli (nagebi memkvidreobis) konservaciis principebi SemuSavebul iqna, upirveles yovlisa, raTa sworad wagvemarTa Zeglis movla-patronobis dagegmvisa da analizis procesi. is principebi ki, romelic exeba uZravi Zeg-lebis riskisTvis mzaobis gaumjobesebas, unda iqnas momarTulni kulturuli memkvidreobis zogadi md-gomareobis grZelvadiani gadarCenisTvis.

3.2 principebi

qvemoT mocemulia yvelaze TvalsaCino principebi. es gaxlavT sasurveli maxasiaTeblebis midgoma konkretuli obieqtebis memkvidreobismieri Tvisebebis ukeTesi menejmentisTvis.

• ZiriTadi RerZi riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis efeqturi dacvisTvis aris winaswaru-li dagegmva da momzadeba.

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• kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis katastrofe-bisgan dacvis winaswaruli dagegmva unda ganisaz-Rvrebodes memkvidreobis obieqtisaTvis mTlianad da unda uzrunvelyofdes integrirebul zrunvas misi nagebobebis, naSenis, maTi SigTavsiTa Tu land-Saftis mimarT kompleqsurad.

• winaswaruli dagegmva unda moicavdes sakuTriv memkvidreobaze mosazrebebs mTeli obieqtis sazo-gado katastrofebis prevenciuli strategiis farg-lebSi.

• riskisaTvis mzadyofnis moTxovnebi ZeglebSi ise unda sruldebodes, rom maTma instalaciam rac SeiZ-leba minimaluri zegavlena moaxdinon Zeglis Rire-bulebaze.

• Zeglze katastrofebis sawinaaRmdego dagegmvis, rea-girebisa da aRdgenis safuZvels unda warmoadgendes Tavad am obieqtze, mis mniSvnelovan detalebsa da atributebze manamde ganxorcielebuli prevenciuli RonisZiebebis istoriis zusti dokumentacia.

• istoriuli Zeglebis movla-patronobis programe-bi unda moicavdes riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis perspeqtivebsac.

• Zeglis macxovreblebi da momxmareblebi uSualod unda iyvnen Cabmulni saswrafo reagirebis gegmis Se-muSavebaSi.

• gadaudebeli daxmarebis gawevis dros priorites memkvidreobismieri maxasiaTeblebis dacva unda war-moadgendes.

• katastrofis Semdeg yvela saSualebiT unda moxdes dazianebuli an/da dakarguli naSenisa an detalebis SenarCuneba da SekeTeba.

• katastrofebis dagegmvis, reagirebis da aRdgenis samuSaoebis yvela fazaSi SeZlebisdagvarad integ-rirebuli unda iyos konservaciis principebi.

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ZiriTadi RerZi riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis efeqturi dacvisTvis aris winaswaruli dagegmva da momzadeba.

riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis dac-vis saukeTeso saSualeba aris winaswarul dagegmvaSi memkvidreobis atributebis, maTTvis arsebuli ris-kis da Sesabamisi sapasuxo zonebis gamofenis adekva-turi yuradRebis uzrunvelyofa.

kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis katastrofebis-gan dacvis winaswaruli dagegmva unda ganisazRvrebodes memkvidreobis obieqtisaTvis mTlianad da unda uzrun-velyofdes integrirebul zrunvas misi nagebobebis, naSenis, maTi SigTavsiTa Tu landSaftis mimarT kompleqsurad.

• dagegmvisas ar unda moxdes kulturuli memkvidreo-bis obieqtis uZravi da moZravi komponentebis gan-rCeva. unda arsebobdes reagirebis erTiani integri-rebuli gegma mTeli obieqtisTvis da ara erTi misi naSenisTvis, meore _ masSi daculi koleqciebisaTvis da mesame _ landSaftisaTvis.

winaswaruli dagegmva unda moicavdes sakuTriv memkvidreoba-ze mosazrebebs mTeli obieqtis sazogado katastrofebis pre-venciuli strategiis farglebSi.

• memkvidreobis obieqtis katastrofisgan prevenciis strategia mTlianad unda moicavdes kulturul memkvidreobaze zrunvas, rogorc dagegmvis proce-sis TvalsazrisiT romelic mowodebulia strategiis ganviTarebisa da ganaxlebisaTvis, aseve konkretuli reagirebis gegmebisaTvis, romelnic warmosdgeba mis Sedegad. erT obieqts unda hqondes erTi sruliad integrirebuli reagirebis gegma.

• kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtis menejerebs unda SeeZloT imuSaon mosaxleobasTan, administratoreb-Tan da damgegmareblebTan, raTa gadaWran warmoSo-bili konfliqtebi da SeimuSaon konservaciis stra-

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tegiebi adgilobrivi saWiroebebidan, SesaZleblobe-bidan da resursebidan gamomdinare.

riskisaTvis mzadyofnis moTxovnebi ZeglebSi ise unda srul-debodes, rom maTma instalaciam rac SeiZleba minimaluri ze-gavlena moaxdinos Zeglis Rirebulebaze.

• riskisa da saSiSroebis acilebis moTxovnebi ar unda SeizRudos memkvidreobis Tvisebebis SenarCunebisT-vis; memkvidreobis siwmindis damcvelTaTvis, maga-liTad, wylis ganmrfqvevi sistema SeiZleba miuRe-beli aRmoCndes istoriul nagebobaSi, magram misma efeqturma gamoyenebam SeiZleba gadaarCinos adamian-Ta sicocxle, qoneba da kulturuli memkvidreoba.

• memkvidreobis TvalTaxedviT mTavari safiqrali unda iyos katastrofisgan dacvis iseTi sistemebis da meqanizmebis dagegmareba da instalacia, romle-bic minimalur zemoqmedebas moaxdenen memkvidreobis Rirebulebebze, amitomac, mzadyofnis saSualeba-Ta dagegmareba romelic rCeba mtkivneul Temad memkvidreobisTvis, upirveles yovlisa, unda moi-Txovdes yvela SesaZlo alternativis gadaxedvas, raTa ganisazRvros romelia umciresi zemoqmedebis momtani.

Zeglze katastrofebis sawinaaRmdego dagegmvis, reagirebisa da aRdgenis safuZvels unda warmoadgendes Tavad am obieqt-ze, mis mniSvnelovan detalebsa da atributebze manamde gan-xorcielebuli prevenciuli RonisZiebebis istoriis zusti dokumentacia.

• analizisas miniSnebul unda iqnas kulturuli da ga-moyenebiTi mniSvnelobebi, aseve naSenisa an/da ele-mentebis mimarTeba maTi garemosadmi. am informaci-iT moxdeba prioritetebis Camoyalibeba kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis dasacavad da mieTiTeba sa-xanZro razmebs da samoqalaqo Tavdacvis gamZRolT Tu romeli „mgrZnobiare“ adgilebis mimarT gamoiCi-

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non meti yuradReba sagangebo reagirebis dros. agreTve unda moxdes aRricxva romelic mogvcems (Tu es dasaSvebia) dakarguli an dazianebuli ele-mentebis zusti aRdgenis saSualebas.

• memkvidreobis aRwerilobebs da zogadad Zeglze monacemebs, romelnic obieqtis dacvis mizniT iqna SemoRebuli, sifrTxiliT unda movekidoT. is ele-mentebi, romlebic ar arian aRwerilobaSi Seyvanil-ni an „naklebi“ prioriteti eniWebaT, ar unda iqnes ugulebelyofili. memkvidreobis Rirebuleba aRe-mateba Semadgenili nawilebis RirebulebaTa saerTo jams da yvela Rone unda vixmaroT, rom katastrofe-bisadmi reagirebis gegma gulisxmobdes obieqtis ara mxolod „mniSvnelovani“ elementebis aramed mTlia-nobaSi obieqtis dacvas.

• riskisTvis mzadyofnis dagegmvisas mniSvnelovani yuradReba unda mieqces Senobis an obieqtis winan-deli katastrofebis dros „moqcevis“ Sesaxeb do-kumentaciis moZiebasa da Seswavlas. es saSualebas mogvcems warsulis gakveTilebi samomavlo dagegmvis dros gamoviyenoT. katastrofis Semdgomi aRnusxva dagvexmareba gavarkvioT obieqtis danakargebi da isic, ra aris upirvelesad saWiro obieqtisa Tu misi Semadgenlebis stabilurobisa da usafrTxoebisT-vis.

• obieqtis Sesaxeb sruli saaRricxvo masalis arse-bobam ar unda Secvalos yvela sxva SesaZlo Zalisx-meva mis dasacavad Slisa da katastrofebis Sede-gebisgan da ar unda moadunos yuradReba riskis mi-marT.

istoriuli Zeglebis movla-patronobis programebi unda moicavdes riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis per-speqtivebsac.

• movla-patronobis programebi xSirad Zeglis yo-veldRiuri cveTis mizezebis (mag., mnaxvelis an

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mcxovreblis mier misi moxmarebis, amindis tempe-ratura, tenianoba) da masze zegavlenis farglebSi moiazreba; es perspeqtiva unda gafarTovdes da moicvas Slisa da danakargis yvela adamianismieri da bunebrivi SesaZlo wyaro, aseve yovel saSiSroe-basTan dakavSirebuli riskis donis da misi Semcire-bis an SerbilebisTvis Sesaferisi zomebis analizi.

Zeglis macxovreblebi da momxmareblebi uSualod unda iyv-nen Cabmulni saswrafo reagirebis gegmis SemuSavebaSi.

• pirveli, vinc sagangebo viTarebaSi mudam dacva-reagirebis wina xazze xvdeba da faqtobrivad obie-qtze saswrafo reagirebas axdens, mflobelebi da momxmareblebi arian xolme. maTi Cabma dagegmvis procesSi ukeT gaagebinebs maT SemoTavazebuli zomebis mizanSewonilobas da gazrdis efeqtu-ri reagirebis SesaZleblobebs. reagirebis gegmis momzadebis procesSi maTi CarTva ki mogvcems pir-velwyaro informacias Zeglis mgdomareobis, Se-saZlo dazianebebis da reagirebis Sesaxeb.

gadaudebeli daxmarebis gawevis dros prioritets memkvidreo-bismieri maxasiaTeblebis dacva unda warmoadgendes.

• Tumca kulturuli memkvidreobis SenarCunebis mcde-loba sagangebo viTarebaSi arasodes dadgeba adamian-Ta sicocxlis SenarCunebaze win, gadaudebeli daxma-rebis dros, memkvidreoba _ rogorc wasulTa Tu ax-landelTa cxovrebis materialuri da aramaterialu-ri mowmoba _ uaRres mzrunvelobas imsaxurebs.

katastrofis Semdeg yvela saSualebiT unda moxdes daziane-buli an/da dakarguli naSenisa an detalebis SenarCuneba da SekeTeba.

• konservaciis kvalificiuri profesionalebis Car-Tva, romelTac aqvT katastrofis Sedegebis Sefa-sebis gamocdileba, Zalze mniSvnelovania daziane-buli Senobebis da maTi elementebis gadasarCenad. araprofesionali damTvaliereblisTvis TvaliT

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dasanaxi ziani xSirad ufro Semawuxebeli Cans, vidre realuri zogadi mdgomareoba da SeiniSneba midrekileba irwmunon, rom aRdgeniTi samuSaoe-bi SeuZlebeli an Zalian Zviri SeiZleba aRmoCn-des. Sesabamisad, msgavs viTarebaSi mdgomareobis Sefaseba da obieqtis daTvaliereba yovelTvis memkvidreobis profesionalebma unda Caataron. mniSvnelovania, rom reagirebis gegmaSi memkvidreo-bis obieqtisTvis windawin ganisazRvros, vin SeiZ-leba saswrafod gamoiZaxon amgvari Sefasebis gasa-keTeblad.

• kvalificiuri specialistebis mier Sefasebis Se-degad SemoTavazebul unda iqnas kulturuli memkvidreobis stabilizaciisa da dacvis dauyovne-beli da gadaudebeli RonisZiebebi. biujetiT ase-Ti saxis stabilizaciis uzrunvelyofa unda iyos memkvidreobis obieqtTa katastrofebisTvis mzady-ofnis gaumjobesebis winaswari gegmis nawili.

• katastrofis Semdgomi Sefasebisas Sesabamisi sam-Seneblo kanonmdebloba da standartebi xistad ver iqneba gamoyenebuli. sazogadoebrivi usafrT-xoebis interesebidan gamomdinare, oficialuri pi-rebi xSirad swiraven Zeglis dazianebul nawilebs sazogadoebriv usafrTxoebas, Tumca aq kompromisi unda moiZebnos. unda Sefasdes winaswar ra zomebi unda iyos Zeglze misaRebi gadaudebeli RonisZie-bebis dros, vidre moxdeba memkvidreobis obieqte-bis safuZvliani Seswavla da Sefaseba kvalifici-uri da gamocdili specialistebis mier, gamovlin-deba dazianebuli adgilebis arsebuli suraTi da dadgindeba, saSvelad ra zomebia misaRebi da rao-den saCqarod.

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10. katastrofebis dagegmvis, reagirebis da aRdgenis samu-Saoebis yvela fazaSi SeZlebisdagvarad integrirebuli unda iyos konservaciis principebi.

• memkvidreobis obieqtisTvis jerovani dokumenta-ciis Sedgena sagangebo situaciebamde, maT dros da maT Semdeg konservaciis principebis Tanaxmad unda xdebodes: dokumentacia unda iyos daculi (e.i. ram-denime adgilas Senaxuli), sarwmuno (misi sarwmunoba imaT garda, vinc is Tavidan Seadgina, sxvebmac unda daadasturon) da iolad xelmisawvdomi.

• konservaciis principebi unda iyos ganuyofeli nawi-li im sakanonmdeblo da normatiuli instrumente-bisa, romlebsac mimarTaven dazianebuli kulturu-li memkvidreobis elementebis aRdgeniTi qmedebisas, raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnes katastrofisSemdgom saWiroebebze integrirebuli reagireba.

• riskisaTvis mzadyofnis nebismieri sxva saxesxvao-bis msgavsad, memkvidreobis obieqtTa menejerebma da sagangebo reagirebis gamZRolebma unda uzrun-velyon riskis dagegmvis, masze reagirebis da aRdge-nis miRebul saerTo principebs Soris konservaciis principebis aucilebeli gaTvaliswineba. miRebuli gadawyvetileba awon-dawonili msjavri unda iyos, dafuZnebuli saziaro principebze da unda iTvalis-winebdes memkvidreobis obieqtis SenarCunebis pasu-xismgeblobas.

• Casatarebelia xolme eqspertizac. menejerebma unda gadawyviton rodis aris aucilebeli rCeva specia-listebisagan (mag., kedlis mxatvrobis, qandakebis, mxatvruli da istoriuli faseulobis mqone sagne-bis gansakuTrebuli saSeni masalebis da konstruq-ciebis mcodneTagan). eqspertebma mravaldiscipli-narul gundad unda imuSaon.

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Tavi 4riskis mzadyofnisadmi jansaRi

midgomis ganviTareba kulturuli memkvidreobis sferoSi

4.1 riskisTvis mzadyofnis dagegmvis zogadi CarCo

jansaRi midgomis ganviTareba kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis sferoSi moiTxovs CarCos dagegmvas riskisTvis mzadyofnis konkretuli aspeqtebis Sesamowmeb-lad.

CarCos dagegmvis ZiriTadi fazebia: mzadyofna, reagi-reba da aRdgena.

mzadyofnis faza

kulturuli memkvidreobis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis mcdeloba SeiZleba fokusirebuli iyos TviT saSiSroeba-ze, aseve masTan dakavSirebuli riskis Semcirebaze; TviT obieqtis gamagrebaze ama Tu im riskis mimarT gamZleobis gazrdisaTvis; aRmomCeni da gamafrTxilebeli sistemebis gamoyenebaze; da obieqtis macxovreblebis, aseve sagangebo situaciebSi reagirebis specialistebis qmediTunarianobis gaumjobesebaze.

(1) riskis dasabamSive Semcirebamoicavs saSiSroebis gabaTilebis an obieqtis amtanobis gazrdas konkretuli saSiSroebis mimarT an orives. Ziri-Tadi zomebi mimarTulia RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis garemo pirobebis gaumjobesebisken (mag., obieqtze xanZris kerebis mospoba an misi saxifaTo qmedebis SezRudva).

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(2) katastrofiT gamowveuli zianis mimarT obieqtis gamZleo-bis gaZlierebamoicavs Senobis da misi komponentebis Semtkicebas da gaZlierebas; mag., xanZarsawinaaRmdego sistemebis dayenebas an Senobis gaZlierebas miwisZvris moqmedebis gasaZleblad.

(3) gardauvali katastrofisas adekvaturi gafrTxilebis uzrunvelyofaiTvaliswinebs katastrofis dawyebis an SesaZleblobis momaswavebeli an gamafrTxilebeli sensorebis damontaJe-bas. mag., kvamlis direqtorebi (xanZris momaswavebeli), miwisZvrebis sensorebis qseli, romelic winaswar moaswa-vebs seismur aqtivobas. katastrofis mier miyenebuli zia-nis Semcirebis mzadyofnis zomebis nawilia riskis zonebad dayofili rukac.

(4) sagangebo reagirebis gegmis SemuSavebamosaxleobam da sagangebo reagirebis gamZRolebma memkvi-dreobis obieqtisTvis sagangebo viTarebaSi reagirebis geg-ma erTad unda SeimuSaon; gegma Tanabrad unda emyarebo-des Zeglis, misi Tvisebebis, mdgomareobis da katastrofis dros mis saWiroebaTa gagebas; aseve unda iTvaliswinebdes Zeglze da mis teritoriaze momsaxureTa momzadebas, rom-lebic Tavis Tavze aiReben Sesabamis pasuxismgeblobas ka-tastrofamde, mis dros da mis Semdgom periodSi. mosamza-debeli muSaoba reagirebis gegmis asamoqmedeblad moicavs macxovrebelTa xanZris sawinaaRmdego wvrTnas, obieqtis da iseTi dokumentaciis momzadebas da katastrofis dros ga-darCenis rigiTobis Tu sxva gansaxorcielebeli RonisZie-bebis dadgenas.

yvelafer amis Sedegad iarsebebs katastrofaze reagi-rebis saTanado organoebi da razmebi, romlebsac kargad eqnebaT gacnobierebuli obieqtis Tvisebebi, xifaTze rea-girebisas Sesabamisi saSualebebic zianis Semcirebisa ada-mianTa usafrTxoebis da sicocxlis dauTmoblad. am miz-nebis misaRwevad SeiZleba moewyos mosamzadebeli kursebi mexanZreebisTvis, saswavlo gangaSi da uzrunvelyofil iq-

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nas obieqtis erTi bolodan meoreSi saswrafo reagirebi-sTvis saWiro transportis misasvlelebis mowyoba.

reagirebis faza

zogadad, reagireba mzadyofnis adekvaturi zomebidan ga-momdinareobs, romelnic Seicaven Sesabamis reagirebis geg-mas, mosaxleobis da sagangebo reagirebis personalis wvrT-nas. bevri moqmedeba, romelic xorcieldeba aRdgenis da-sawyisSi, aseve SeiZleba CaiTvalos reagirebis nawilad.

(5) reagirebis gegmis misawvdomobis uzrunvelyofareagirebis gegma winaswar unda momzaddes. Zalian mniSvne-lovania imis uzrunvelyofa, rom sagangebo situaciisas igi yvelasaTvis iyos xelmisawvdomi. mniSvnelovania isic, rom gegma mosargebleTaTvis nacnobi da mosaxerxebeli iyos; varjiSebi da saswavlo gangaSebi Zalian mniSvnelovania sa-gangebo viTarebaSi gegmis gamoyenebis uzrunvelsayofad.

(6) konservatorTa gundis mobilizebakonservaciis kvalificiur specialistTa nusxa winaswar unda iqnes momzadebuli. unda damuSavdes saimiso meqanizmi, rom saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi moxdes konservatorTa gundis, erTi an ramdenime wevris mobilizacia.

aRdgenis faza

aRdgeniTi zomebis efeqturobac, isev da isev, didad da-mokidebulia Sesabamisi zomebis winaswar dagegmvasa da ganxorcielebaze. mag., Sesamsubuqebeli, kerZod, sarekon-struqcio samuSaoebis xarisxi damokidebulia Senobis gana-dgurebamde Sesrulebuli dokumentaciis xarisxze. gegmam unda izrunos zianis Semsubuqebaze, aRdgeniT mSeneblobaze da mzadyofnis gaZlierebuli zomebis SemoRebaze.

(7) katastrofis negatiuri Sedegebis Semsubuqebis mcdelobaes mcdeloba mimarTulia katastrofis negatiuri gavlenis Semcirebis an kompensirebis saSualebebze, aseTia, mag., ga-

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moubruneblad dazianebuli elementebis amomwuravi aRri-cxva maT moxsnamde, katastrofis Semdeg Senobisa da misi SigTavsis stabilizaciis cda, negatiuri Sedegebis aRmo-fxvris an gaqarwylebis cda (mag., wyalmovardnis mere wyli-sa da nagvis moSoreba) da droebiTi sacxovreblis mowyoba imaTTvis, vinc SeiZleboda usaxlkarod darCeniliyo.

(8) memkvidreobis obieqtis fizikuri komponentebis da mis momxmarebelTa da mosaxleobis socialuri struqturis aR-dgenis mcdelobaZalisxmeva mimarTul unda iqnas Senobebis, maTi Semogarenis da infrastruqturis fizikur rekonstruqciaze, aseve ka-tastrofisgan dazaralebuli adamianebis cnobierebaSi sta-bilurobis, keTildReobisa da mizandasaxulobis grZnobis aRorZinebaze. saamiso magaliTebia xanZriT dazianebuli Se-nobis aRdgena anda ubedurebis msxverplTaTvis fsiqolo-giuri daxmarebis aRmoCena.

(9) mzadyofnis zomebis gaumjobesebis da gaZlierebis mcde-loba igulisxmeba mzadyofnis zomebis Sesabamisobis katastro-famde Sefaseba da miRebuli gakveTilebis gaTvaliswinebiT mzadyofnis gaZlierebuli zomebis SemoReba. mniSvnelovani monitoringis programebi, romlebic Seafasebs riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis misaRwevad efeqturobas

dagegmarebis CarCos sxvadasxva elementis efeqturoba SeiZleba iqnas Semowmebuli adgilobriv (TviT RirsSesaniSnav adgilze), municipalur, regionalur da erovnul doneze.

adgilobriv (RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis) doneze arsebuli faqtorebi, ra Tqma unda, yvelaze mniSvnelovania; miuxedavad amisa, sxva doneebze moqmedma politikam, meqanizmebma Tu wamowyebebma SesaZloa pozitiuri an negatiuri gavlena iqonios riskisTvis mzadyofnaze da amitom yuradRebis Rirsia.

qvemoT moyvanilia am CarCos farglebSi SemuSavebuli riskisTvis mzadyofnis kulturuli memkvidreobis obi-eqtebisTvis Sesaferisi strategiis maCvenebelTa cxrili.

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4. reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba

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5. reagirebis gegmis xelmisawvdomloba

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8. aRdgeniTi mSenebloba

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4.2 riskisTvis mzadyofna kulturuli memkvidreobis sxvadasxva formisaTvis

saxelmZRvanelos momdevno Tavebis umTavresi sagani ama Tu im saSiSroebis dros gaTvaliswinebuli mosamzadebeli, reagirebis da aRdgenis zomebi iqneba. Tumca es rekomendaciebi

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zogadad memkvidreobis obieqtebisTvisaa SeTavazebuli, saubari umTavresad calkeul Senoba-nagebobebze iqneba. sagangebod iqneba aRniSnuli SemTxvevebi istoriul urbanul ansamblebTan, arqeologiur teritoriebTan an kulturul landSaftebTan mimarTebaSi.

amave dros, momdevno TavSi vecdebiT ganvsazRvroT riskisTvis mzadyofnis zomebis sxvadasxva tipis kulturuli memkvidreobis saerTo elementebic da maTi arsebiTiTi ganmasxvavebeli maxasiaTeblebic.

msoflio memkvidreobis konvencia gvTavazobs kultu-ruli memkvidreobis gansazRvrebas, romlebic dagvexmareba sxvadasxva tipis kulturuli memkvidreobis gansasxvave-blad:

• uZravi Zeglebi: arqiteqturis qmnilebebi, monumenturi skulpturebi da monumenturi mxatvrobis nawarmoebebi, arqeologiuri naSenis elementebi, warwerebi, gamoqvab-ulebi, sadgomebi. igi warmoadgens maxasiaTeblebis iseT erTobliobas, romelTac aqvT gansakuTrebuli istori-uli, mxatvruli an samecniero Rirebuleba;

• nagebobaTa jgufi: calkeuli da urTierT dakavSirebuli Senobebis jgufi, romelsac misi arqiteqturis, homo-genurobis an landSaftSi ganlagebis gamo universaluri istoriuli, mxatvruli an samecniero Rirebuleba aqvs;

• RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebi: adamianis an bunebis da adamianis erToblivi qmnileba, aseve teritoria, romelic moicavs arqeologiur Zeglebs, romelTac aqvs gansakuTrebuli universaluri istoriuli, esTetikuri, eTnologiuri an anTropologiuri Rirebuleba.Rirebuleba..

Senobebis, SenobaTa jgufis da RirsSesaniSnavi adg-ilebis kategoriebi Seesabameba qvemoT mocemul katego-riebs, kerZod Zeglebs (calkeuli Senoba _ nagebobebi an kompleqsebi), istoriul dasaxlebebsa da landSaftebs. Cvens saxelmZRvaneloSi calke gamoyofilia arqeologiuri teritoriebi, rogorc Zeglis erT-erTi saxeoba. igi sa-gangebo yuradRebis Rirsia.

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4.2.1 kulturuli memkvidreoba

katastrofebisTvis mzadebis dagegmvakatastrofebisTvis mzadebis efeqturi dagegmva Semdeg-Semdeg-nairad SeiZleba daxasiaTdes: SeiZleba daxasiaTdes:

gavaZlieroT efeqturi mzadeba, ise rom isini rogorcise rom isini rogorc rom isini rogorcrom isini rogorc isini rogorcisini rogorc rogorcrogorc Sinaarsobrivad aseve intonaciurad eWvs ar iwvevdes;aseve intonaciurad eWvs ar iwvevdes; intonaciurad eWvs ar iwvevdes;eWvs ar iwvevdes; ar iwvevdes;ar iwvevdes; iwvevdes;iwvevdes;

mivmarTod dagegmvisadmi etapobrivi midgomas: SevimuSaoTs: SevimuSaoT: SevimuSaoT gegma, movaxdinoT misi testireba, dazusteba da kvlav testireba, Semdeg davamtkicoT igi;

avamaRloT mosaxleobisa da Sesabamisi oficialuri pirebis mier kulturuli memkvidreobis Rirebulebis gacnobierebis da dafasebis done;

misaRebad miviCnioT mxolod kargi sakonservacio praqtikis umaRlesi principebi;

mosaxleobas gavucnobieroT mniSvnelovani saSiSroebebi kulturuli memkvidreobis nakleb mdgradobasTan dakav-sTan dakav- dakav-dakav-SirebiT;

riskis dasaSvebi donisa da reagirebisTvis prioritetebis gansazRvrisas SevupirispiroT erTmaneTs riski da memkvidreobis Rirebulebani;

moxdes gegmebis gamocda, maT Soris saswavlo gangaSis, romelic moxdeba wvrTnis meSveobiT da yvela im piris moxdeba wvrTnis meSveobiT da yvela im pirismoxdeba wvrTnis meSveobiT da yvela im piris wvrTnis meSveobiT da yvela im piris monawileobiT, vinc SeiZleba dazaraldes; Semowmeb-Semowmeb-emowmeb-is scenari realisturi unda iyos da iTvaliswinebdes katastrofaze reagirebis mosaxleobisTvis cnobil wess, radganac katastrofisas qalaqisa da soflis mosaxleoba reagirebs gansxvavebulad _ pirveli jgufurad, meoread _ pirveli jgufurad, meore _ pirveli jgufurad, meoread, meore, meore ki gancalkevebuli formebisken iCens midrekilebas da gancalkevebuli formebisken iCens midrekilebas da ama Tu im RirsSesaniSnav adgilTan kavSirSic msgavsi reagirebis tipebi SeiZleba vivaraudoT;

ganiWvritos, gacnobierdes da gaTanamedrovdes ganmkar-gulebel-SemsrulebelTa jaWvi, mag., kulturis, Tav-dacvis, dagegmarebis da transportis saministroebs

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Soris (mag., Camoyalibdes sagangebo viTarebaTa sabWo erovnul doneze), agreTve adgilobriv, regionalur da erovnul konteqstSic, radganac katastrofisas es urTierToba xSirad gaurkvevelia, amitomac Znelad mosagvarebelia;

Seiqmnas erTi mmarTveli rgoli da damyardes kavSiri masTan da daxmarebis yvela SesaZlo wyaros Soris. SeiZleba gaxdes saWiro sagangebo situaciis dros (mag., teqnikuri samsaxurebi, samoqalaqo Tavdacva, mosaxleobisTvis socialuri mxardaWera);

upiratesi yuradReba mieqces xalxs, mis mier Rirebulebebis, saWiroebebis da SesaZleblobebis gacnobierebas; nu vadgenT gegmebs mxolod SenobebisTvis;

vizrunoT iseTi politikisa da midgomaTa SemuSavebaze, romelnic ecdeba reagireba_aRdgenis dagegmvisas erT-maneTs Seuwonos memkvidreoba da adamianTa sicocxle da arsebobis saSualebebi;

riskisTvis mzadyofnis specialistebs unda hqondeTunda hqondeT hqondeThqondeT memkvidreobis miznebis raobis cxadi suraTi, Tanac kon-kretulad da xelSesaxebad (mag., xeli SevuwyoT masalisxeli SevuwyoT masalis SevuwyoT masalisSevuwyoT masalis masalis avTenturobis SenarCunebas);is SenarCunebas); SenarCunebas);SenarCunebas););

gamoiyeneT realuri meqanizmebi da yuradReba miRwevad miznebze gaamaxvileT.T..

mniSvnelovania saerTaSoriso mxardaWerac, magram kata-strofisas saerTaSoriso kavSirebs naklebad Tu gamoiyenebT. saerTaSoriso kavSirebi ukeT SeiZleba gamoviyenoT grZelvadiani midgomebisa da zomebis SemuSavebisa da ga-umjobesebisTvis, riskisaTvis mzadyofnis saSualebebisa da meqanizmebis SedarebiTi kvlevis gziT (mag., aRnusxvis warmoeba, monitoringi, riskis Sefaseba da a.S).i, riskis Sefaseba da a.S)., riskis Sefaseba da a.S).

sagangebo reagirebis dagegmvasagangebo reagirebis gegmebi unda iTvaliswinebdes

dasacavi memkvidreobis ganlagebis specifikas, mis ga-nsakuTrebul fizikur da kulturul viTarebas.

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kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis sagangebo reagirebis gegmis damuSavebisas mniSvnelovania masSi mosaxleobis mxardaWeris integracia: socialuri da kulturuli cnobierebis amaRleba, sazogadoebrivi sifxizlisa da sifrTxilis gazrda; mosaxleobis mxardaWeris dageg-marebisa da struqturirebisTvis sakmao xerxianobaa saWiro ama Tu im TaosnobisTvis mdgradi socialuri mxardaWeris mosapoveblad.

4.2.2 uZravi Zeglebi

miuxedavad imisa rom Zeglebs, rogorc wesi, erTi imisa rom Zeglebs, rogorc wesi, erTiimisa rom Zeglebs, rogorc wesi, erTi rom Zeglebs, rogorc wesi, erTirom Zeglebs, rogorc wesi, erTi Zeglebs, rogorc wesi, erTiZeglebs, rogorc wesi, erTi rogorc wesi, erTirogorc wesi, erTi wesi, erTiwesi, erTi erTierTi mflobeli gaaCniaT, rac Tavis mxriv aadvilebs Zeg- gaaCniaT, rac Tavis mxriv aadvilebs Zeg-gaaCniaT, rac Tavis mxriv aadvilebs Zeg-, rac Tavis mxriv aadvilebs Zeg-rac Tavis mxriv aadvilebs Zeg- Tavis mxriv aadvilebs Zeg-Tavis mxriv aadvilebs Zeg- mxriv aadvilebs Zeg-mxriv aadvilebs Zeg- aadvilebs Zeg-aadvilebs Zeg- Zeg-Zeg-lis movla-patronobis saqmes, mainc mniSvnelovania-patronobis saqmes, mainc mniSvnelovaniapatronobis saqmes, mainc mniSvnelovania saqmes, mainc mniSvnelovaniasaqmes, mainc mniSvnelovania, mainc mniSvnelovaniamainc mniSvnelovania mniSvnelovania uzrunvelvyoT, rom dagegmvisas Zeglis riskisTvis mzadyofnis menejmentis zomebi ganixilebodes ufroodes ufro ufro farTo geografiul da politikur konteqstSi.

ZeglebTan dakavSirebuli katastrofebisTvis mzadebis dagegmareba unda moicavdes maTi gansakuTrebuli memkvidreobismieri Rirebulebebis da maTi Semapirobebe-i Rirebulebebis da maTi Semapirobebe- Rirebulebebis da maTi Semapirobebe-li gansxvavebuli elementebisa da mxareebis gaazrebasa da pativdebas.

Zeglebze sagangebo mzrunveloba moicavs saWiroebas yu-radReba gamaxvildes kerZo mesakuTreebis interessa da unarze (am pirebs ki aucileblad rodi aqvT is resursebi da gamocdileba, rac sazogadoebrivi seqtoris mesa-kuTreebs).

aseve partnioruli menejmentis aucileblobas (hori-zontaluri integracia) da saWiroebas imisa, rom Se-Tavazebulma zomebma SeakavSiros yvela individualuri piri da gaaerTianos visac ki saqme aqvs ZeglebTan, qvevidan zemoT, momvleli personaliT dawyebuli di-reqtorebamde (vertikaluri integracia).

ZeglebTan dakavSirebuli dagegmareba mocemuli prin-cipebis gaTvaliswinebiT unda moxdes konservaciisgaTvaliswinebiT unda moxdes konservaciis unda moxdes konservaciis Sesabamis qartiebsa Tu doqtrinalur teqstebSi, maT Soris 1964 wlis veneciis qartiasa da ICOMO�-is erovnul

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da samecniero teqstebSi,Si,, ICOM-is saxelmZRvanelo principebsa da sxva regionaluri da saerTaSorisosa da sxva regionaluri da saerTaSoriso da sxva regionaluri da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier miRebul dokumentebSi.

4.2.� arqeologiuri teritoriebi

arqeologiuri teritoriebi saukeTesod SeiZleba iqnas aRqmuli maT awmyo mdgomareobaSi, rogorc warsulis katastrofebisa da mouvlelobis Sedegi, ase rom, maTze zrunva grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi unda ganixilebodes.

dagegmvam sagangebod unda izrunos teritoriis usa-vam sagangebod unda izrunos teritoriis usa- sagangebod unda izrunos teritoriis usa-frTxoebaze (vandalizmi, xanZari, memkvidreobis obi-xanZari, memkvidreobis obi-, memkvidreobis obi-eqtebis an fragmentebis Zarcva, ukanono gatana, aseve mnaxvelebis da macxovreblebis usafrTxoeba).usafrTxoeba).).

dagegmvisas pativiunda miegosteritoriisRirebulebebs.visas pativiunda miegosteritoriisRirebulebebs. pativi unda miegosteritoriisRirebulebebs.unda miegosteritoriisRirebulebebs. miegosteritoriisRirebulebebs.miegosteritoriisRirebulebebs. teritoriis Rirebulebebs. mag., analitikurad unda ganirCes dokumenturi Rirebule-ba da misi warmosaxviTi Rirebuleba; naTelyofili undamisi warmosaxviTi Rirebuleba; naTelyofili unda warmosaxviTi Rirebuleba; naTelyofili undawarmosaxviTi Rirebuleba; naTelyofili unda Rirebuleba; naTelyofili unda iqnas arsebuli teritoriis simrTele da sarestavraciosarestavracio qmedebebi mimarTuli unda iyos sasurveli simrTelisa da avTenturobis jerovnad SesanarCuneblad.

dagegmvisas yuradReba unda mieqces ama Tu im saSiSroebebsvisas yuradReba unda mieqces ama Tu im saSiSroebebs yuradReba unda mieqces ama Tu im saSiSroebebsebs ama Tu im pirobebSi (mag., nangrevebis stabiluroba, upiratesi klimaturi pirobebi, cecxlis, wylis Tu sxva faqtorebis ama Tu im masalaze _ Tixa, qvis wyoba, xe _ zemoqmedeba, wyalmovardnisadmi naklebi mdgradoba da a.S.) riskis dasaSvebi donis gansazRvra.

dagegmvisasupiratesiyuradRebaundamieqcesprevenciulvisasupiratesiyuradRebaundamieqcesprevenciul upiratesi yuradReba unda mieqces prevenciul aspeqtebs, sazogadoebis ganaTlebis CaTvliT; zogierT SemTxvevaSi, rodesac arqeologiur teritoriaze da-saxlebac aris, mag., auTia (tailandi), arsebobs `sa-mezoblosgan meTvalyureobis~ SesaZlebloba.

arqeologiuri teritoriebisTvis dagegmva unda iSve-va unda iSve- unda iSve-liebdes principebs, romlebic moyvanilia Sesabamis sa-konservacio dokumentebSi, rogoricaa UNE�CO-s re-komendaciebi arqeologiuri teritoriebisTvis (niu deli, 1956), amJamad 1972 wlis evropis sabWos konvencia

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arqeologiuri memkvidreobis dacvis Sesaxeb da ICOMO�-is arqeologiuri memkvidreobis dacvis menejmentis qartia (lozana, 1990).

4.2.4 istoriuli dasaxlebebi

maTi menejmentis dagegmva unda iTvaliswinebdes pasuxis- menejmentis dagegmva unda iTvaliswinebdes pasuxis-menejmentis dagegmva unda iTvaliswinebdes pasuxis- dagegmva unda iTvaliswinebdes pasuxis-va unda iTvaliswinebdes pasuxis- unda iTvaliswinebdes pasuxis-mgeblobebis gadafarvas, raTa reagirebis momentSi Tavidan iqnes acilebuli konfliqti; aRniSvnis Rirsia isic, rom ganviTarebasa da konservacias Soris konfliqti, da-maxasiaTebeli istoriuli dasaxlebebis Tanamedrove geg-marebisTvis, katastrofebis Semdgomi aRdgeniTi samu-Saoebisasac iCens Tavs da mgegmareblebma, Tu isini swored ar warmarTaven procesebs, SeiZleba katastrofac mSvenivradprocesebs, SeiZleba katastrofac mSvenivrad, SeiZleba katastrofac mSvenivrad gamoiyenon; saukeTeso gza arasaWiro konfliqtebis ari-debisa aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis gamZRolebTan, naTeli aRdgeniTi principebis Camoyalibebaa ubedur SemTxvevamde.a ubedur SemTxvevamde. ubedur SemTxvevamde. aucilebelia winaswar moxdes imis ganWvreta Tu ra dilemebiucilebelia winaswar moxdes imis ganWvreta Tu ra dilemebi winaswar moxdes imis ganWvreta Tu ra dilemebiwinaswar moxdes imis ganWvreta Tu ra dilemebi moxdes imis ganWvreta Tu ra dilemebimoxdes imis ganWvreta Tu ra dilemebi imis ganWvreta Tu ra dilemebi SeiZleba warmoiSvas katastrofisas.

istoriuli dasaxlebebis katastrofebisTvis mzadebis dagegmvisas unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli dasaxlebis mem-visas unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli dasaxlebis mem- unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli dasaxlebis mem-kvidreobismieri Rirebulebebi, konkretuli elementebi, tradiciebi da Cveulebani, romlebSic gamoixateba es faseulobebi.

istoriuli dasaxlebebis katastrofebisTvis mzadebis dagegmva unda iTvaliswinebdes sxvadasxva ekonomikurva unda iTvaliswinebdes sxvadasxva ekonomikur unda iTvaliswinebdes sxvadasxva ekonomikur da kanonmdeblobiT konteqsts (iqneba es sabazro eko-nomika, gardamavali ekonomika, Tu centralizebuli eko-nomika) da mesakuTreobis gansakuTrebul modelebsa da pasuxismgeblobaTa gadanawilebas, tradiciebs Tu meqa-Tu meqa- meqa-nizmebs.

individualur mesakuTreebTan mWidro TanamSromlo-bisas mniSvnelovania imis gacnobiereba, rom mesakuTreebma SeiZleba Tavidan ar gaiziaron, rom memkvidreobis Rire-bulebebi mniSvnelovania mosaxleobisaTvis; miuxedavad amisa, saWiroa Zalisxmeva, raTa acilebul iqnes konfliqti eqspertsa da mesakuTres Soris.

dagegmvisas RonisZiebebi unda iTvaliswinebdes yvela SesaZlo monawile mxaris CarTvas, romelTac mxars dauWers

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mosaxleoba. maT Soris turistul kompaniebs, masmedias, sa-dazRvevo kompaniebs da a.S

istoriuli dasaxlebebis katastrofebisTvis mzade-bis gegmebi unda iTvaliswinebdes mimarTulebas, romelsac iZleva Sesabamisi sakonservacio qartiebi da doqtrinebi, maT Soris ICOMO�-is qartia istoriuli qalaqebis Sesaxeb (vaSingtoni, 1978).

4.2.5 kulturuli landSaftebi

kulturuli landSaftebisTvis SesaZlo dazianebebzeSesaZlo dazianebebze dazianebebzedazianebebze efeqturi mzadyofna moicavs TanamSromlobiT strat-TanamSromlobiT strat- strat-strat-egiebs, romelic gaaerTianebs kerZo miwis mesakuTree-, romelic gaaerTianebs kerZo miwis mesakuTree-romelic gaaerTianebs kerZo miwis mesakuTree- gaaerTianebs kerZo miwis mesakuTree-gaaerTianebs kerZo miwis mesakuTree- kerZo miwis mesakuTree-kerZo miwis mesakuTree- miwis mesakuTree-miwis mesakuTree- mesakuTree-mesakuTree-bs, samTavrobo saagentoebs da uwyebebs, biznesmenebs samTavrobo saagentoebs da uwyebebs, biznesmenebssamTavrobo saagentoebs da uwyebebs, biznesmenebs saagentoebs da uwyebebs, biznesmenebssaagentoebs da uwyebebs, biznesmenebs da uwyebebs, biznesmenebsda uwyebebs, biznesmenebs uwyebebs, biznesmenebsuwyebebs, biznesmenebs, biznesmenebsbiznesmenebs da sxvebs. ra Tqma unda, amdeni dainteresebuli mxaris sxvebs. ra Tqma unda, amdeni dainteresebuli mxarissxvebs. ra Tqma unda, amdeni dainteresebuli mxaris. ra Tqma unda, amdeni dainteresebuli mxarisra Tqma unda, amdeni dainteresebuli mxaris amdeni dainteresebuli mxarisamdeni dainteresebuli mxaris dainteresebuli mxarisdainteresebuli mxaris mxarismxaris monawileobis uzrunvelyofas sWirdeba Zlieri sakoor- uzrunvelyofas sWirdeba Zlieri sakoor-uzrunvelyofas sWirdeba Zlieri sakoor- sWirdeba Zlieri sakoor-sWirdeba Zlieri sakoor- Zlieri sakoor-Zlieri sakoor- sakoor-sakoor-dinacio meqanizmis Seqmna: sakoordinacio komitetis an meqanizmis Seqmna: sakoordinacio komitetis anmeqanizmis Seqmna: sakoordinacio komitetis an Seqmna: sakoordinacio komitetis anSeqmna: sakoordinacio komitetis an: sakoordinacio komitetis ansakoordinacio komitetis an komitetis ankomitetis an anan komisiis saxiT, romelsac eqneba ufleba ganaviTaros saxiT, romelsac eqneba ufleba ganaviTarossaxiT, romelsac eqneba ufleba ganaviTaros, romelsac eqneba ufleba ganaviTarosromelsac eqneba ufleba ganaviTaros eqneba ufleba ganaviTaroseqneba ufleba ganaviTaros ufleba ganaviTarosufleba ganaviTaros ganaviTarosganaviTaros efeqturi reagirebis gegma. reagirebis gegma.reagirebis gegma. gegma.gegma..

efeqturi dagegmva moiTxovs kulturuli memkvidreobis landSaftebis gansakuTrebuli Rirebulebebis gaazre-gaazre-bas da gacnobierebas, rogorc mosaxleobaSi, aseve im da gacnobierebas, rogorc mosaxleobaSi, aseve imda gacnobierebas, rogorc mosaxleobaSi, aseve im gacnobierebas, rogorc mosaxleobaSi, aseve imgacnobierebas, rogorc mosaxleobaSi, aseve im, rogorc mosaxleobaSi, aseve imrogorc mosaxleobaSi, aseve im mosaxleobaSi, aseve immosaxleobaSi, aseve im, aseve imaseve im imim oficialur pirebSi, vinc pasuxismgebelia riskisaTvis mzadyofnisTvis.

efeqturi dagegmvisas aucilebelia TvalnaTliv gani-sazRvros is atributebi Tu RonisZiebebi, romelnic mniSvnelovania kulturuli landSaftebis RirebulebaTa mdgradobisTvis, raTa reagireba-aRdgenis dagegmvisas rac SeiZleba ukeT moxerxdes maTi pativdeba da aR-dgena.

efeqturi dagegmvisas moSveliebul unda iqnas konvenciis aRiarebuli principebi da praqtikuli gamocdileba kulturuli landSaftebis sferoSi, maT Soris am sa-kiTxebTan dakavSirebuli UNE�CO-s eqspertTa Sexvedris Sedegebi da is ganmartebebi Tu gansazRvrebebi, romelnic gaTvaliswinebulia konvenciis Sesrulebis samoqmedo principebis 24 paragrafiT.

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momdevno Tavebi gviCvenebs, rogor movimarjvoT zemoT ganxiluli ideebi praqtikuli TvalsazrisiT.praqtikuli TvalsazrisiT. TvalsazrisiT.TvalsazrisiT..

sxvadasxva Tavi exeba erT-erTs umTavres bunebriv saSiSroebaTagan da ganixilavs ras moiTxovs yoveli calke saSiSroeba, rodesac kulturuli memkvidreobis Rirebulebis mqone obieqtebis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebisTvis viRvwiT. TiTeuli Tavi _ xanZris, mi-wisZvris, wyaldidobis, SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis da sxva saSiSroebis Sesaxeb _ ganixilavs am saSiSroebis gavlenas kulturul memkvidreobaze, riskisTvis mzadyofnis stra-tegiebis elementebs da sxva teqnikur da dagegmarebis sa-kiTxebs. dasasrul, Tavi 10 gaacnobs mkiTxvels riskisTvis mzadyofnis ZiriTadi principebis SemuSavebis process.

magaliTi: gadaudebeli reagireba da nivTebis gadarCenis wredi: gadaudebeli reagireba da nivTebis gadarCenis wredigadaudebeli reagireba da nivTebis gadarCenis wredi reagireba da nivTebis gadarCenis wredireagireba da nivTebis gadarCenis wredi da nivTebis gadarCenis wredida nivTebis gadarCenis wredi nivTebis gadarCenis wredinivTebis gadarCenis wredi gadarCenis wredigadarCenis wredi wrediwredi

gadaudebeli reagirebisa da gadarCenis wredi aSS-s Seiqmna gadaudebeli reagirebis erovnuli samuSao jgufis National Tas� Force on Emergency Responce mier, romelic daafuZ-na gadaudebel RonisZiebaTa federalurma samenejmento saagentom (Federal Emergency Managment Agency – FEMA) ge-tis konservaciis institutTan (Getty Conservation Institute) da kulturuli memkvidreobis konservaciis erovnul insti-tutTan (National Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Proper-ty – NIC) erTad. es samuSao jgufi aerTianebs 25 samTavro-bo saagentos, erovnul samsaxurebs da arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, romelTa wevrebic uweven koordinirebul saeqsperto daxmarebas kulturis dawesebulebebsa da mo-saxleobas katastrofebis SemTxvevaSi.

gadaudebeli reagirebisa da gadarCenis wredi SemuSa-vebul iqna am samuSao jgufis mier kulturis dawesebule-bebisa da saagentoebis ubedurebis mere pirveli 48 saaTis ganmavlobaSi dasaxmareblad. es sqema aris ormxrivi brun-vadi sqema, romelic saSualebas aZlevs mkiTxvels miiRos misTvis sagulisxmo kritikuli informacia or mniSvnelovan nawilSi. sqemis cali mxare asaxavs gadaudebeli reagirebis cxra umTavres qmedebas, usafrTxoebis zomebidan vidre

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aRdgenis prioritetebamde. sqemis meore mxare gansazRvravs gadarCenis sxvadasxva teqnikasa da RonisZiebas Sesaferiss ama Tu im tipis koleqciebisa da sagnebisTvis. mowodebuli rCeva upiratesad exeba wylisa da nestisgan miyenebuli da-zianebis (koleqciebis dazianebis, albaT, umniSvnelovanesi wyaros) kontrolsa da Serbilebas.

sqema, romlis moxmareba mowonebulia kulturuli memkvidreobis dargSi momuSave yvela wamyvani amerikuli dawesebulebis mier, ufasod gaegzavna 45 000 muzeums, bi-blioTekas, arqivs da istoriul sazogadoebebs amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis masStabiT. gansakuTrebiT mniSvne-lovania es sqema mcire da saSualo masStabis dawesebulebe-bisTvis, romlebsac ara aqvT SesaZlebloba TanamSromlad hyavdeT profesionali konservatori-mrCevlebi an daamu-Saon sagangebo viTarebaSi reagirebis srulfasovani sakon-servacio gegmebi.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:National Tas� Force on Emergency Responce�uite 6023299 K �treet, NWWashington, DC 20007U�A

Tel.: (+1-202) 625-1495Fax.: (+1-202) 625-1485

FEMA Internet: http://www.fema.govNIC Internet: http://www.nic.org

magaliTi: saSiSroebaTa kontrolis CarCo, kanadis erovnuli arqivi

kanadis erovnulma arqivma 1872 wels misi daarsebis Semdeg moipova 60 milionze meti xelnaweri da samTavrobo sabuTi, uTvalavi ruka, naxati, tilo, sxvadasxva sagani da audio-vizualuri masala. am koleqciidan yvelaze umniSvnelova-

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nesni inaxeboda otavaSi, velington stritze (Ottawa, Wel-lington �tr 395). erovnul arqivs, rogorc yvela federalur uwyebas kanadaSi, gaaCnia kanonmdeblobiT dakisrebuli val-debuleba daicvas `erovnuli saganZuri~ sagangebo viTare-bis SemTxvevaSi.

1990 wlis ivlisSi velington stritze Senoba gaxeTqi-li milis mizeziT daitbora, ramac daayena sagangebo zome-bis adekvaturobis Semowmebis sakiTxi. 1993 wlis noemberSi Seiqmna Sida saSiSroebis kontrolis organizacia (Internal Disaster Control Organi�ation), romelic mosalodneli kata-strofebisadmi mzadyofnis dagegmvisas gaunelebel sifxiz-les unda emsaxurebodes.

saSiSroebis kontrolis CarCo ZiriTadad sagangebo reagirebasa da saSiSroebis kontrolis or megzur-wignaks emyareba: erTi maTgani erovnuli arqivis 22-e Senobidan yo-velivesTvis sagangebo reagirebas Seexeba, meore ki _ Zireu-li princips, romelic yvela maTgans miesadageba.

pirveli wignaki Seicavs iseT procedurebs da poli-tikas, romelic erovnuli arqivis yvela sadgomisTvisaa ga-mosayenebeli. yoveli SenobisTvis saxelmZRvanelo gamiznu-li wignaki personalis nusxas, daferil iatakis gegmas, ro-melnic miuTiTebs koleqciebis gadarCenis prioritetebs, sagangebo viTarebaSi sxvadasxva saqonlisa da samsaxurebiT uzrunvelmyofTa nusxas, saxifaTo nawarmis nusxas da Seno-bis meqanikuri nawilis mokle aRwerilobas. sxvadasxva da-zianebuli masalis damuSavebis procedurebs. am saxelmZR-vaneloebs da CarCo sxva elementebis efeqturi gamoyeneba xuT sakvanZo faqtorzea damokidebuli:

_ wvrTna da gacnobiereba sagangebo viTarebaSi mTeli personalis avtomaturi da swrafi reagireba. `reagirebis jgufis~ wevrebi gadian gadarCenis teqnikis sabazo da meo-re safexuris kursebs, swavloben usafrTxoebisa da same-dicino zomebsa da sagangebo viTarebisaTvis gankuTvnili aRWurvilobis gamoyenebas;

_ aucilebelia regularuli varjiSi, romelic moica-vs dagegmvis savarjiSoebs, saswavlo gangaSsa da sakontaqto nusxebis periodul gadamowmebas;

_ sam TveSi erTxel imarTeba saSiSroebis kontrolis

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organizaciis Sexvedra _ raTa wevrebi mudam saqmeSi iyvnen CarTulni, acnobierebdnen Tavis rolsa da pasuxismgeblo-bas da gacnobili iyvnen uaxles ambebs;

_ upiratesi prioriteti prevencias eniWeba. umTavre-si yuradReba eTmoba ubeduri SemTxvevebis albaTobis aR-mofxvrasa an Semcirebas, maT Soris SenobebSi Zveleburi damxare saTavsebis Semowmeba da xarvezebis gamosworeba;

_ ganuwyveteli informireba, rac uzrunvelyofs sa-xelmZRvanelo wignakebis mudmiv damuSavebas, maTi sixistes moklebuli formati ki aadvilebs informaciis ganaxlebas.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:Carole BeauvaisDirectorNational Archives of Canada395 Wellington �treetOttawa, Ont. K1A 0N3Canada

Tel.: (+1-613) 995 5138Fax.: (+1-613) 995 6274

Internet: http://www.archives.ca http://www.archives.caE-mail: [email protected]

magaliTi: evakuaciis gegma, amerongenis sasaxle, holandia

1990 wels holandiis xelisuflebam mimarTa TxovniT am-erongenis sasaxlis (erT-erTi yvelaze didi Senoba holan-diaSi) kurators moemzadebina sagangebo viTarebis SemTx-vevaSi sasaxleSi arsebuli nivTebis saevakuacio sqema. 1993 wlis dekemberSi da 1995 wlis ianvar/TebervalSi momxdar-ma wyaldidobebma iseve rogorc did britaneTSi hempton kourtisa (1986) da appark hauzis (1989) xanZrebis kvlevam gaamkveTra am gegmis (igi maSin muSavdeboda) fokusireba.

amerongenis sasaxlis evakuaciis gegma Zalze pragmatu-lia da Seicavs mraval praqtikul rekomendacias. maT Sori-

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saa didi zomis flipCartebis (kedelze gasakravi qaRalde-bi) gamoyeneba, romlebic Segvaxsenebs saswrafo reagirebis nabijebs; sagangebo Setevis gegmis dawvrilebiT aRwera, ro-melic xorcieldeba adgilobriv saxanZro razmTan sruli TanamSromlobiT (gegma Seicavs instruqciebs manqanebis sadgomis, wyliT momaragebis da agreTve mudmivi wvrTnebis Sesaxeb, moTxovna neli, gamomwvlelviTi _ TiTqmis arqe-ologiuri - gawmendisa, swrafi mowesrigebis sapirispirod (rac garduvalad iwvevs didZali iseTi masalis dakargvas, romlis gadarCenac SesaZlebeli iyo); fazebad dayofili evakuaciis prioritetebis gegma (ra unda iqnas gatanili Tu(ra unda iqnas gatanili Tu 5 wuTia darCenili, Tu 15, an 30 da a.S).

evakuaciis gegmaSi miniSnebuli unda iyos oTaxebSi ar-sebuli TiToeuli sagnis prioritetuloba maT gasatanad gadarCenisaTvis darCenil droSi. amerongenis sasaxlis ma-galiTiT viciT, rom mxolod adgilobrivi saxanZro razmi-sTvis gadawyvetilebis miRebaze pasuxismgeblobis mindoba ar SeiZleba. radgan isini, albaT, ubedurebis SemTxvevaSi daiwyeben mxolod didi nivTebis gatanas.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:Andre van der Goes,Curator Amerogen Castle�tichting �lot ZuylenTournooiveld 13611 A�Oud-ZuilenNetherlands

Tel: (+31-30) 440 255Fax: (+31-30) 244 3907

magaliTi: dubrovniki. kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebi, romlebic dazianda dabombvis Sedegad

erTi aSkarad sasikeTo Sedegi UNE�CO-s Carevisa 1991 wlis dekembridan 1992 wlis martamde dubrovnikis dabom-bvis Sedegebis gamosworebaSi iyo publikaciis gamocema,

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romelmac daadastura kulturuli memkvidreobis daziane-ba da SemogvTavaza SekeTebis xarjebis miaxloebiTi zogadi ganfaseba. publikaciis gamocema ganaxorciela dubrovni-kis kulturuli Zeglebis da garemos dacvis institutma (Protection of Cultural Monuments and Natural Environment of Du-brovni�), xorvatiis respublikis kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis institutma (Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heri-tage of the Republic of Croatia) da dubrovnikis reabilitaciis eqspertTa mrCevelTa komisiam (Expert Advisory Commission for the Rehabilitation of Dubrovnil) da UNE�CO-s erovnulma komisiam (National Commission of UNE�CO). am wignis gamocemam SekeTebaTa dagegmarebas xelSesaxebi safuZveli gauCina da amiT safuZvliani daxmareba gauwia aRdgeniT RonisZiebebs. erT-erTi yvelaze saintereso ilustracia frontispiria: qalaqis gegma, romelzec datanilia dabombvis Sedegad mi-yenebuli ziani, pirdapiri Tu arapirdapiri `dartymebis~ regularuli urTierTdacileba mWevrmetyvelad metyve-lebs, rom ngrevis masStabi windawin iyo ganzraxuli.

damatebiTi informaciisaTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:�tate Agency for the Protection of Cultural and Natural Heri-

tageMinistry of Culture and EducationIlica 44Zagreb, Croatia

Tel: (+385-41) 427 200Fax: (+385-41) 426 386

magaliTi: ICOM-is saSiSroebisTvis mzadebis saxelmZRvanelo principebi muzeumebSi

vinaidan prevenciuli orientacia didad pirvelobs sagnebisa da koleqciebis konservatorTa Soris, araferia gasakviri, rom sxvebze metad ICOM-i sTavobs muzeumebisa da galereebis menejerebisTvis saSiSroebisTvis mzadebis saxelmZRvanelo principebis Camoyalibebas. ICOM-is principebi, romlebic

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mocemulia me-12 TavSi `sagangebo dagegmareba~ da qmede-bebi _ muzeumebis usafrTxoeba da dacvis wignSi `saxelmZR-vanelo kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis dawesebulebebi-sTvis~, gankuTvnilia menejerebisTvis, romlebsac surT isargeblon mzadyofnis upiratesobiT: SesZlon an saerTod airidon katastrofa an misi gavlenis minimumamde dayvana. `principebi~ warmoadgens SesaniSnav nimuSs mzadyofnis yov-lismomcveli gegmebisa dawesebulebebisTvis, romelSic sruladaa integrirebuli zrunva adamianebze, sakuTrebasa da kulturul memkvidreobaze. dokumenti agreTve gansaz-Rvravs dacvis, sagangebo reagirebis programebis da dawe-sebulebis menejerebis wvlils, romelTac mWidrod unda iTanamSromlon, raTa uzrunvelyon sagangebo viTarebisT-vis mzadyofnis gegmebis sruli Tanxvdeniloba. mcire zomis dawesebulebaSi SeiZleba moxdes am rolTa garkveulwilad Serwyma, pasuxismgeblobis sxvadasxva sferoze fokusireba xels uwyobs dawesebulebis SigniT sasurveli urTierT-mimarTebaTa da miznebis cxadyofas mzadyofnis dagegmva-Si. dokumenti sTavazobs menejerebs rCevas sam konkretul sferoSi:

_ pirveladi gadaudebeli dacva (iTvaliswinebs sagangebo viTarebisTvis mosamaragebel iaraRebsa da meqanizmebs);

_ sagangebo viTarebis safrTxis Sefaseba an riskis gaanali-zeba (iTvaliswinebs grZelvadian zomebs riskis gasaazre-blada da Sesamcireblad);

_ da sagangebo gegma (iTvaliswinebs dawesebulebisTvis sagangebo gegmebis winaswar detalur mzadebas).

is agreTve Seicavs samoqmedo principebis seriebs, rom-lebic arsebiTad kiTxvarebia dawesebulebis menejerebi-sTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad. eseni aris: sagangebo riskis analizi-Sefaseba, sagangebo gegmis saxelmZRvanelo principebi, sagangebo gamoZaxeba-Setyobinebis principebi da sagangebo viTarebisTvis saWiro samsaxurebi da momarageba. dokumenti sruldeba 45 rekomendaciiT _ esaa arsebiTad sakvanZo principebi, romlebic mniSvnelovania muzeumebis efeqturi dacvis programis dasagegmad. dokumentis kilo

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_ sakmaod praqtikuli da arapaTetikuri - menejerTa sa-surveli qcevis mesame pirSi daxasiaTebisagan momdinareobs. aq filosofiuri msjeloba ki ar gvaqvs sxvadasxva midgomis Rirseba-naklovanebaze, aramed pirdapiri Tqma (`sagangebo programis menejeri wyvets...~), rac mkiTxvels qmedebisa da Tanamoqmedebisken ganawyobs.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:ICOMMaison de I’UNE�CO1, rue MoillisF-75732 Paris Codex 15France

Tel : (+33-1) 4734-0500Fax : (+33-1) 4306-7862Internet: http://www.icom.org/ICOM/http://www.icom.org/ICOM/

magaliTi : evrosabWos rekomendaciebi bunebrivi katastrofebisagan arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis dacvaze

evrosabWom arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis dacvis sakiTxi pirvelad 1989 wels, raveloSi, italiaSi gamarTul ko-loqviumze Seiswavla. eqspertTa samuSao jgufs, romelic Sedga am Sexvedraze miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis Tanaxmad, daevala SeemuSavebina teqsti ministrTa sabWoSi warsadge-nad. saboloo rekomendacia komitetis mier miRebul iqna 1993 wlis 23 noembers.

rekomendacia (No.R(93) 9) `rekomendacias aZlevs wevr qveyanaTa mTavrobebs miiRon yvela sakanonmdeblo, adminis-traciuli, finansuri, saganmanaTlebo da sxva Sesabamisi zo-mebi da aqcion arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis konservacia maTi politikis Semadgenel nawilad~. mas danarTis saxiT moyveba mniSvnelovan sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli fuZe-prin-cipebis da zomebis CamonaTvali. maT Sorisaa sakanonmde-blo da administraciuli CarCos Camoyalibeba katastrofe-bisgan dacvis mizniT, Sesabamisi finansuri da sadazRvevo

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zomebis Camoyalibeba, ganaTleba da wvrTna, riskis Sefaseba da saSiSroebis prevenciis da Serbilebis strategiebi. rigi teqnikuri damatebebisa, romelnic moyveba rekomendacias, eTmoba saSiSroebis prevenciis da Serbilebis zomebs orga-nizaciul doneze, xanZarsawinaaRmdego zomebs, miwisZvre-bTan, vulkanebTan, cunamTan, wyaldidobebTan, StormTan, zvavebTan da mewyerebTan dakavSirebul saorganizacio zo-mebs.

evropis sabWom SeimuSava aseve didad faseuli ori pa-raleluri rekomendacia, romlebic eTanadeba saSiSroebi-saTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxs: arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis fizikuri mdgomareobis dabinZurebis Sedegad gauaresebis makontrolebeli rekomendacia (No.R(88)5) da rekomendacia kulturuli memkvidreobis ukanono qmedebebisgan dacvis Sesaxeb (No.R(96) 6). evrosabWos rekomendacia bunebrivi ka-tastrofebisgan arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis dacvis Se-saxeb am saxelmZRvanelosTvis gansakuTrebiT sasargeblo gamodga.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:Jose Maria BallesterCultural Heritage DivisionCouncil of EuropeF-67075 �trasbourg CodexFrance

Tel: (+33-3) 8841-3664Fax: (+33-3) 8841-2755Internet: http://www.coe.fr

magaliTi: daicavi Seni RirsSesaniSnavi adgili: bunebrivi katastrofebisgan moyenebuli zianis

aRdgeniTi samuSaoebi da sabaziso mzadyofna

samzadisis Sesaxeb es praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo gamoica amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis gadaudebel RonisZiebaTa federaluri samenejmento saagentos (FEMA) mier 1990-ian wlebSi niu inglandSi (New Egland), aSS, momxdari katastro-

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febis Semdeg, nantuketis (Nantuc�et), masaCusetis (Massa-chusets) da montpelier (Montpelier), vermontis istoriul raionebSi.

1991 wels, 30 oqtombers saSinelma zamTris Storma gadauara nantukeTs, pirvel istoriul regions, romelic iqna Setanili amerikis istoriuli adgilebis nusxaSi. uzar-mazari talRa daatyda qalaqis navsadgurs, qalaqis centrs da datbora bevri istoriuli Senobis saZirkveli. bevri na-pirze mdebare koteji da saxli moglejil da ganadgure-bul iqna. Stormis mier miyenebuli ziani imanac gazarda, rom gafrTxilebis Semdeg ociod wuTSi moadga qalaqs.

1992 wels, 11 marts yinulovanma Stormma qalaqi monpe-lies, vermonti, vinooski riverze mTlianad datbora cen-tri, maT Soris 100-ze meti istoriuli Senoba, romelic Sedioda istoriuli ubnebis erovnul reestrSi. sagangebo viTarebisTvis mzadyofnis gegmis arqonis gamo monpelie ver iyo momzadebuli am katastrofisgan Tavdasacavad.

am ori katastrofis Semdeg katastrofebze reagirebis-Tvis pasuxismgebelma adgilobrivma moxeleebma moiTxoves teqnikuri daxmareba FEMA-sgan. FEMA-s saxelmZRvanelo am moTxovnis pasuxad iqna SemuSavebuli. is amaxvilebs yu-radRebas `katastrofis Serbilebaze~ - praqtikul pre-venciul zomebze, romlebsac SeuZliaT katastrofis mier miyenebuli ngrevis da zianis Semcireba. katastrofis mier miyenebuli zianis Serbileba oTx sferoSi iqna nakvlevi:

_ gamZleoba _ Senobis gamagreba ubedurebis pirispir ara-sakmao mdgradobis gasabaTileblad;

_ samSeneblo zomebi _ katastrofebis dros xalxis usafr-Txoebis uzrunvelyofa;

_ sagangebo viTarebis menejmenti _ winaswari mosamzade-beli da aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis dagegmva;

_ miwis menejmenti _ potenciurad saSiSi adgilebis gamoye-nebis limitireba.

saxelmZRvanelo acnobs mkiTxvels sagangebo viTarebis-Tvis mzadebis sam fazas _ saxeldobr: saSiSroebamde _ ris-kis Sefaseba, zianis Serbileba da sagangebo situaciisTvis

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mzadeba; mis dros _ dacva; xolo Semdeg _ stabilizacia da aRdgena.

yoveli punqtis ganxilvisas gansazRvravs saWiro nabi-jebs, maTTan dakavSirebul kritikul sakiTxebs da damate-biTi informaciis wyaroebs.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:FEMA500 C �T.�WWashington, DC 20472U�ATel : (+1-202) 646 3692Fax : (+1-202) 646 4060Internet:http://www.fema.govhttp://www.fema.gov

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Tavi 5xanZari

5.1 ZeglisTvis miyenebuli ziani

xanZars didi pirdapiri da arapirdapiri zianis miyeneba SeuZlia kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis. qveviT ganxilu-lia cecxlisgan miyenebuli zianis ZiriTadi tipebi.

5.1.1 Senobebisa da maTSi arsebuli nivTebisTvis miyenebuli ziani

• nivTebis da Senobis nawilebis mTliani an nawilobrivi ga-nadgureba wvis Sedegad.

• konstruqciis, Sida mopirkeTebisa da nivTebisTvis miye-nebuli ziani, gamowveuli mcxunvarebis, kvamlis da wvis Sedegad warmoqmnili WvartliT. gansakuTrebuli riskis qveS imyofebian organuli warmoSobis masalebi, rogori-caa xe, Tumca maRalma temperaturam SeiZleba Secvalos araorganuli warmoSobis masalaTa struqtruli gamZ-leoba, rac vizualurad SeiZleba ar gamoCndes.

•cecxlis gavrcelebasTan brZolisas gamoyenebuli wylis zemoqmedebiT miyenebuli ziani.

II. Zeglze orientirebuli specifikuri strategiis

SemuSaveba kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis

riskisaTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad

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5.1.2 istoriuli ubnebis dazianeba

• Senobebisa da nivTebisTvis moyenebuli zarali, romelic da nivTebisTvis moyenebuli zarali, romelicda nivTebisTvis moyenebuli zarali, romelic nivTebisTvis moyenebuli zarali, romelicnivTebisTvis moyenebuli zarali, romelic moyenebuli zarali, romelicmoyenebuli zarali, romelic zarali, romeliczarali, romelic, romelicromelic aRwerilia 5.1.1 nawilSi. 5.1.1 nawilSi.nawilSi..

• municipaluri infastruqturebis ganadgureba, gansa- infastruqturebis ganadgureba, gansa-infastruqturebis ganadgureba, gansa- ganadgureba, gansa-ganadgureba, gansa-, gansa-gansa-kuTrebiT eleqtro da sxva komunikaciebis, bunebrivi eleqtro da sxva komunikaciebis, bunebrivieleqtro da sxva komunikaciebis, bunebrivi da sxva komunikaciebis, bunebrivida sxva komunikaciebis, bunebrivi sxva komunikaciebis, bunebrivisxva komunikaciebis, bunebrivi komunikaciebis, bunebrivikomunikaciebis, bunebrivi, bunebrivibunebrivi airis miwodebis sistemebis. aseTi sistemebis dazianebam miwodebis sistemebis. aseTi sistemebis dazianebammiwodebis sistemebis. aseTi sistemebis dazianebam sistemebis. aseTi sistemebis dazianebamsistemebis. aseTi sistemebis dazianebam. aseTi sistemebis dazianebamaseTi sistemebis dazianebam sistemebis dazianebamsistemebis dazianebam dazianebamdazianebam SeiZleba daaCqaros xanZris gavrceleba. daaCqaros xanZris gavrceleba.daaCqaros xanZris gavrceleba. xanZris gavrceleba.xanZris gavrceleba. gavrceleba.gavrceleba..

5.1.� kulturuli landSaftebisa da arqeologiuri teritoriebisTvis moyenebuli ziani

• kulturuli landSaftebisa da arqeologiur terito-riebze ganlagebuli Senobebisa da obieqtebis dazianeba aRwerilia 5.1.1 da 5.1.2 nawilSi.

• xeebis, naTesebis da mcenareebis ganadgureba.

• mwerebis, frinvelebis, cxovelebis da maTi sacxovrisis ganadgureba.

• wyaldidobisa da mewyerisgan meoradi dazianebis safrTxis zrda romelic SeiZleba gamoiwvios zeda safars moklebu-li serebidan da tyeebidan gazrdilma Camonadenma.

5.2 xanZarsawinaaRmdego prevenciis strategiis SemuSaveba

xanZarsawinaaRmdego prevenciis strategias, rogorc naTe-lyo hempton kortis (1986) da apparkis (1989 w. _ es erov-nuli fondis (Trust) kuTvnili nagebobaa) gamanadgurebelma xanZrebma, an kidev 1995 wlis zemomoyvanilma magaliTma, SeuZlia Seamciros kulturuli memkvidreobis potenciuri dazianeba. es moiTxovs rogorc xanZarsawinaaRmdego zomeb-ze pasuxismgebeli pirebis, aseve kulturuli memkvidreo-bis dacvaze pasuxismgebeli pirebis did Zalisxmevas. maT unda imuSaon erToblivad, raTa SeimuSaon awon-dawonili strategia, romelsac SeeZleba Tanabrad daicvas adamianTa sicocxle, maTi qoneba da memkvidreoba.

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5.2.1 strategiis SemuSavebis pasuxismgebloba

sazogadod, konkretuli Senobis an memkvidreobis obieqtis xanZrisgan dacvis pasuxismgebloba erT romelime pirs akis-ria. xanZris prevenciuli zomebis gamZRoli unda dainiS-nos direqtoris mier. igi SeiZleba SenobaSi usafrTxoebis, janmrTelobis dacvasa da zogad uSiSroebazec iyos pasu-xismgebeli. igi valdebulia saxanZro razmis warmomadgen-lebTan da profesional mrCevlebTan (arqiteqtorebTan, in-speqtorebTan, inJinrebTan, dagegmarebis specialistebTan da istoriuli Senobebis specialistebTan) da sadazRvevo kompaniebis warmomadgenlebTan erTad ganixilos xanZris prevenciis strategiis gegmis yvela aspeqti. strategia mudmivad unda ganixilebodes da mowmdebodes, unda xde-bodes yvela qmedebis aRnusxva. am pirma unda uzrunvelyos saboloo strategiaSi kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis sruli integracia.

5.2.2 strategiis elementebi

raRac xanZarsawinaaRmdego zomebi Cveulebriv yvela Seno-baSi moipoveba xolme, radgan dasaxlebul adgilebSi xanZ-ris riski Zalze didia. es zomebi xSirad ver pasuxobs im yvela aqtiur da pasiur zomas, romelTa meSveobiT SeiZle-ba moxdes Zeglebis dacvis gaumjobeseba. xanZris efeqturi prevenciis da Serbilebis strategia unda Seicavdes saor-ganizacio, teqnikuri da fizikuri sferoebis mravalgvar damatebiT gaTvaliswinebul zomebs. amas garda, Zeglis istoriuli faseulobebis dacvis konkretuli miznebi na-Telyofil unda iqnes.

5.3 riskis Semcireba

safrTxis, naklebi mdgradobisa da riskis SesamcirebladSesamcirebladesamcireblad gamiznuli mcdeloba, romelic, amdenad, xanZris gaCenis albaTobis Semcirebac aris, unda moicavdes SenobisSemcirebac aris, unda moicavdes Senobisemcirebac aris, unda moicavdes Senobis mxolod im miznebiT gamoyenebas, rasac dasaSvebi riski axlavs;

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SenobaSi xanZris gaCenis potenciuri wyaroebis Sem-cirebas;

guldagul movla-patronobas im pirobebis asarideblad, rac gazrdida risks.

istoriuli obieqtebisTvis:

• aseTi gamoyeneba, romelic gansakuTrebiT zrdis xanZris risks (mag., restornis samzareulos mowyoba) an ar unda iyos daSvebuli, an, Tu davuSviT, guldagul unda kontroldebodes.

• Semowmebisas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces gayvanilobebi mdgomareobas, gansakuTrebiT eleqtrogayvanilobis sistemas, romelTa yvelaze susti komponentebis danaxva SeiZleba gagviWirdes.

5.�.1 cecxlgamZleobis gaZliereba1 cecxlgamZleobis gaZliereba cecxlgamZleobis gaZliereba

• Senobis cecxlgamZleobis an gaZlierebis mcdeloba unda moicavdes Semdegs:

• SenobaSi Znelad aalebadi an araalebadi masalebis gamoyeneba amcirebs cecxlis erTi sivrcidan meoreSi an erTi Senobidan meoreze gavrcelebis xarisxs;

• SesaZleblobisda mixedviT usafrTxo gasasvlelebis mixedviT usafrTxo gasasvlelebismixedviT usafrTxo gasasvlelebis usafrTxo gasasvlelebisusafrTxo gasasvlelebis gasasvlelebisgasasvlelebis mowyoba;;

sagangebo reagirebis mowyobilobebis instalacia, romel-Ta gamoyeneba gawvrTnil personals daevaleba, maT Soris, cecxlis saqrobebi, qviSiT an wliT savse vedroebi da

avtomaturi sistemebi _ maT Soris, wylis ganmfrqvevebi da sxva xanZris CamxSobi sistemebi, romlebic kvamlze da simxurvaleze reagireben.


samSeneblo zomebma (wylis ganmfrqvevi sistemebis da xan-Zris Sesayovnebel karebis da tixrebis CaTvliT) mini-

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maluri gavlena unda moaxdinon istoriuli Senobebis arqiteqturul da esTetikur Rirebulebebze;

cecxlis saqrobebi da sxva swrafi reagirebis saSualebe-bi ise iqnas SerCeuli, rom Camqrobma nivTierebam minima-luri zemoqmedeba moaxdinos istoriul Senobasa da mis SigTavsze.

5.�.2 xanZris aRmoCena da monitoringi

• adekvaturi xanZarsawinaaRmdego monitoringis sistemebi unda moicavdes:

sensorebsa da monitorebs, romlebic adreve aRmoaCens kvamlsa da simxurvales; da

monitoringis sistemebs, romlebic reagirebas moaxde-nen arasasurvel pirTa `SeWrebze~, radgan arsebobs van-dalizmis an cecxlis wakidebasTan dakavSirebuli saSi-Sroeba.


• xanZris deteqtorebi da gamafrTxilebeli sistemebi ise unda iyos damontaJebuli, rom Senobis interesze minima-luri vizualuri gavlena moaxdinon.

5.4 xanZarze reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba

mobinadreTa, momxmarebelTa da saxanZro brigadebis mza-dyofnis gaumjobesebis mcdeloba xanZarsawinaaRmdego gegmis erToblivad SemuSavebis gziT, romelic moicavs:

xanZarze reagirebis amomwuravi gegmis SemuSavebas, ro-melic detalurad gaiTvaliswinebs xalxis, mniSvnelo-vani nivTebis, koleqciebis da mowyobilobebis drouli evakuaciis moTxovnilebebs; zustad uTiTebs, sad aris memkvidreobis obieqtisa da wylis maragis misadgomebi; yuradRebas gaamaxvilebs Senobis im monakveTebze romle-bic saWiroebs gansakuTrebul zrunvas; rasac unda dae-matos:

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mobinadreebis da saxanZro razmis wvrTna, maTi movaleo-bis da pasuxismgeblobis garkveva xanZarze reagirebis gegmis ganxorcielebisas.


moxdes Senobis mtvrevadi, mniSvnelovani da Rirebuli detalebis, mosarTavebis da nivTebis aRnusxva da azomva. es kulturuli memkvidreobis specialistebma unda gaakeTon da Sedegad miRebuli dokumentacia unda Caer-Tos razmTan TanamSromlobiT damuSavebul koleqciebis evakuaciis iolad misawvdomsa da usafrTxo gegmaSi. geg-ma aucileblad unda miuTiTebdes, ras unda mieces gata-nisas prioriteti (Tu arCevanis aucilebloba dadga).

reagirebis gegmam unda naTelyofdes sagangebo situa-ciebisas mniSvnelovani obieqtebis gatanasa da zrunvaze pasuxismgeblobasa da procedurebs. gegma unda uzrun-velyofdes gasatani nivTebisTvis usafrTxo sacavis ga-moyofasa da xmarebas.

mniSvnelovania imis uzrunvelyofa, rom winaswari wvrT-nis dros ganisazRvros cecxlisa da kvamlis ganeitrale-bis iseTi strategia, romelic minimalur zians miayenebs istoriul Senobas; da

mniSvnelovania agreTve, rom saxanZro razmi kargad ic-nobdes memkvidreobasTan mopyrobis sagangebo wesebs, romlebic gansazRvrulia xanZarze reagirebis gegmaSi.

Senobis xanZarsawinaaRmdego menejerma yvelaferi unda iRonos, raTa uzrunvelyos xanZrisgan dacvis da zianis Se-marbilebeli strategiis mudmivi monitoringi da moderni-zacia.

istoriuli obieqtebisTvis mniSvnelovania xanZris prevenciis da Semsubuqebis strategiebis moqnili moSve-lieba. usafrTxoebis mowyobilobaTa gare ieri unda iTva-liswinebdes ZiriTad moTxovnebs da, amave dros, minimalu-rad azaralebdes istoriuli struqturebis xasiaTs. yvela konstruqciuli cvlileba da meqanikuri, eleqtro an sxva

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sistemebis damontaJeba, romelic dakavSirebulia xanZris prevenciasTan, aRmoCenasa da masTan brZolasTan im odeno-biT unda xdebodes, romelic absoluturad aucilebelia xanZarsawinaaRmdego moTxovnaTa uzrunvelsayofad. indivi-dualuri strategiebi, ra Tqma unda, garemo pirobebisda mixedviT, sxvadasxva iqneba, magram TiToeul SemTxvevaSi maxvili ufro prevenciaze, mzadyofnaze, sifxizleze, ke-ris adreul aRmoCenaze, evakuaciisa da cecxlTan brZolis procedurebis wesisamebr Catarebaze unda gakeTdes vidre konstruqciul cvlilebaze.

xanZris prevenciis da zianis Serbilebis saukeTeso strategia istoriuli SenobebisTvis is strategiaa, rome-lic srulad daakmayofilebs xalxis, nivTebis da Senobebis dacvisTvis wamoyenebul standartebs memkvidreobismieri Rirebulebebisadmi minimaluri zianis miyenebiT da umciresi xarjebiT. biujetis Sedgenisas, miuxedavad amisa, priorite-tuli unda iyos aRniSnuli strategiebis danergvis srulad dafinanseba; strategiis xarjze momWirneobas SeuZlia mok-levadiani ekonomia mogvces, magram drois didi monakveTi-sTvis gacilebiT didi danakargebis momtani iqneba.

5.5 strategiis Camoyalibeba: teqnikuri da gegmarebiTi zomebi

Semdegi ganakveTebi gvacnobs specifiur teqnikur da geg-marebiT zomebs, romelnic SeiZleba sasargeblo aRmoCndes xanZris prevenciis strategiis SemuSavebisas. igi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas rogorc kiTxvari aseTi saxis xanZris prevenciis strategiis SemuSavebisas.

5.5.1 riskis minimizacia

gamovlenil unda iqnas aalebis potenciuri wyaroebi, isini an unda moispos, an minimizebul unda iqnas maTgan gamowveu-li safrTxe. xanZris wyaro SeiZleba gaxdes adamianTa Se-cdoma an daudevroba, Ria ali (sanTlebi, airis manaToble-bi, gazis samzareulo qurebi), moZvelebuli da gacveTili

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eleqtro danadgarebi da gayvanilobis sistemebi, Zveli an saxeldaxelo gaTbobis sistemebi, moZvelebuli an mouvle-li buxrebi, sawmendi qimikatebi, saRebavebi da a.S.

gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba unda mieniWos iseT sare-monto samuSaoebs, rogoricaa SeduReba, saRebavis moci-leba, sadurglo samuSaoebi, romelTac, Tu gulmodgi-ned ar iqna marTuli, SeiZleba aalebis Sansi gazardon.

Senoba mTlianad unda sufTavdebodes narCenebisa da nagvisgan. mansardebi, sardafebi, kibis ujredebi, kibis qveSa sivrceebi, karadebi, carieli sakuWnaoebi da saxe-losnoebi regularulad unda Semowmdes da daicalos usargeblo masalisgan da daculi iqnas sisufTave.

darwmundiT, rom regularulad xdeba eleqtro-gayva-nilobebis, wredebis aRWurvilobis Semowmeba, rigianad SekeTeba da daTvaliereba. ar unda xdebodes mavTulebis da eleqtro gayvanilobebis gadatvirTva; sistematurad SecvaleT uvargisi aRWurviloba da mavTulebi. uke-Tesia, Tu mTavar eleqtro mimRebs, gadamrTvelebs da damcvelebs gancalkavebul, cecxlgamZle konteinerebSi an oTaxebSi ganaTavsebT.

moerideT `Ria~ cecxlis mqone gasaTboblebsa da sanaTu-rebs, mag., sanTlebs, CiraRdnebs, gazis manaToblebs an qurebs. iq sadac maTi ganTavseba daSvebulia, unda xde-bodes mudmivi monitoringi, mkacri kontroli, xolo Tu maT meTvalyure ar hyavs, usafrTxoebis faria gansaTav-sebeli. cecxlTan brZolisTvis Sesaferisi aRWurviloba umjobesia sarisko adgilebTan axlos iyos.

istoriul obieqtebze mieciT ufleba saremonto da Se-sakeTebeli samuSaoebis Catarebis mxolod gawaful mu-Sakebs unda gaeces. maT gacnobierebuli unda hqondeT Senobis da misi gamarTulobis mniSvneloba da muSaobdnen personalis dawinaurebuli, pasuxismgeblobiT aRWurvi-li wevris meTvalyureobiT.

guldasmiT mivadevnoT Tvali nebismier samuSaos. cxe-li damuSaveba (mirCilva, SeduReba, saRebavis mocile-ba da a.S.) mxolod maSin SeiZleba iqnes daSvebuli, Tu

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sxva alternativa ar arsebobs. nebismieri saxis cxeli damuSavebisas unda iqnas miRebuli nebarTva, riTac ga-nisazRvreba da kontroldeba pasuxismgebeli mxareebi, samuSaos raoba, adgili da xangZlivoba, da romelic uzrunvelyofs aalebadi masalebis mocilebas an dacvas. unda moewyos cecxlis Camqrobi saSualebebi da gamafr-Txilebeli sistemebi; muSaoba mudmivi meTvalyureobisa da monitoringisas tardebodes, muSaobis Semdgom perio-dSi ki unda moewyos Semowmeba.

dasayenebelia jerovnad gaformebuli da movlili mexamridebi (gadamyvanebi an zolebi).

regularulad gasufTavdes sakvamurebi. mowesrigebuli unda iyos yvela Rumeli da sakvamle mili da gasasvleli. yvela qura da gamaTbobeli, wylis gamacxeleblebi da sacecxleebi regularulad unda iyos movlili, gacli-li aalebadi masalebisgan da, Tu SesaZlebelia, hqondeT cecxlgamZle da usafrTxoebis farebi. samzareuloe-bs, gamaTmobel mowyobilobebs, wylis gamacxeleblebs Tu sacecxle sadgomebs mudam unda axldes Sesabamisi cecxlsawinaaRmdego aRWurviloba da am sadgomebSi ar SeiZleba raimes Senaxva.

aikrZalos moweva istoriul SenobebSi an saamisod miu-CineT gansakuTrebuli, cecxlisgan daculi oTaxebi an adgilebi, sadac iqneba cecxlsawinaaRmdego da gangaSis mowyobiloba.

winaswari zomebia misaRebi cecxlis wakidebis winaaR-mdegac, gansakuTrebiT damxmare saTavsebSi gareSe pirTagan aravin unda Sediodes. unda xdebodes droebiTi personali-sa da damTvalierebelTa Semowmeba da meTvalyureoba, arc wvadi Tu narCeni masalebi unda iyos misawvdomi.

5.5.2 xanZris gavrcelebis Seferxeba da memkvidreobis obieqtis dacva

zog garemoebebSi, gansakuTrebiT gayvanis usafrTxo da adekvaturi saSualebebis uzrunvelyofisTvis, sasargeblo SeiZleba aRmoCndes fizikuri zomebi xanZris saqrobi da

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misi gavrcelebis SesazRudavad. aseTi RonisZiebani SeiZle-ba iyos:

SeZlebisdagvarad, kibis ujredebis SemosazRvra.

evakuaciis alternatiuli saSualebebis danergva, mag., haeris dawnexvis sistema, romelic xels uSlis kvamlisa da alis gavrcelebas.

kvamlis avtomaturi gamwovebis da gasayvanebis instala-cia, romelic agreTve SesaZlebels gaxdis cecxlTan br-Zolis saSualebebTan misvlis gaumjobesebas.

koridorebi, axali tixrebiT, romlebic Sendeba Senobis nawilebs irgvliv.

Sesaferisi cecxlgamZle, maT Soris, avtomaturi kare-bi. cecxlis Camketni da alaTebze dasakravi araaalebadi zolebi, aseve

araaalebadi sxva mosapirkeTebeli masalebi an Camosxmu-li rkinis kolonebi.

Cveulebrivi eleqtro sistemisgan damoukidebeli avto-maturi saTadarigo ganaTebis da maniSneblebis damon-taJeba.

barierebis ageba, gansakuTrebiT iq, sadac isini ar Sela-xavs Senobis saerTo xasiaTs; mag., gautixrav sxvenze an dakarguli tixrebis CaSenebisas.

cecxlis damqrobi avtomaturi sistemebis gamoyeneba, Tu cxadia, rom isini SeZlebs riskis Semcirebas. moce-mul zonaSi gangaSze mopasuxe swrafi reagirebis Tana-medrove wylis ganmfrqvevi sistemebis moSvelieba, misi regularuli movla _ xarvezTa naklis an dazianebis da-dgena da aRmofxvra. yvela Rone unda vixmaroT amgvari sistemebis istoriuli Senobis RirsSesaniSnav mxareebze vizualuri zemoqmedebis Sesamcireblad. wylis ganmfr-qvevi sistemebi SenobebSi, romelnic faqizi samSeneblo qsovilis, mopirkeTebis, avejis, xelovnebis nawarmoebebs da a.S Seicaven, aseve gauniavebel areebSi, did sifrTxi-les moiTxovs. mansarda, sxveni, Spili da koSki Sesaferi-

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si adgilia wylis avzebis da sxva vizualurad Semawuxe-beli komponentebis istoriul SenobebSi dasayeneblad.

mSrali ganmfrqvevi sistemebis instalireba mWidrod da-saxlebuli urbanuli zonebis viwro quCebis fasadebze exmareba xanZris gavrcelebis kontrols.

moxdes sadgomebis cecxlis saqrobi vedroebiT da xelis cecxlis saqrobebiT gawyoba, romelnic saerTo riski-sTvisacaa gamosadegi da kerZo riskisTvisac. saqrobebi regularulad unda inaxos da Semowmdes.

5.5.� xanZris aRmoCenisa da gangaSis sistemebi

xanZris adekvaturi aRmoCenisa da gamafrTxilebeli siste-mebis gamarTvisas gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnes Semdegi:

xanZris aRmoCenisa da gangaSis uZiriTades sistemebs bge-riT signals avrceleben SenobaSi, magram maTi monitoringi arsad xdeba da isini damukidebulni arian gawvrTnili per-sonalis saimedoobaze da 24-saaTian samuSao grafikze.

ukeTesia, Tu dayenebuli iqneba gangaSis avtomaturi si-stemebi da isini dakavSirebuli iqneba gangaSis Setyo-binebis centrTan da adgilobriv saxanZro razmTan. Ti-Toeuli deteqtoris adgilmdebareoba misagnebi unda iyos. sistemas unda SeeZlos Secdomebis da cru ganga-Sis garCeva. kvamlis, simxurvalis da alis deteqtorebi SeiZleba iqnas dainstalirebuli da gangaSis centrTan dakavSirebuli qselis an radio kavSiris meSveobiT. de-teqtorebis konteinerebi Tvals ar unda xvdebodes, SeZ-lebisdagvarad mcire zomisa unda iyos da moyvanilobiTa da formiT ise unda iyos morgebuli garemos, rom masze uaryofiTi zemoqmedeba ar moaxdinos (Zalian ar Candes).

garedan sicxis deteqtori kabelebi unda gaTvaliswine-buli iqnas mxolod zog SemTxvevebSi mag., Tivis da xis safaris arsebobis.

yvela SemTxvevaSi, deteqtorebi da gangaSis sistemebi jerovnad da mudmivad movlili unda iyos, Sesabamis per-sonals ki hqondes misi gagebisa da moxmarebis Cveva.

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5.5.4 reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba

efeqturi xanZar-reagirebis gegma moiTxovs mis damuSave-baSi rogorc mobinadreebis, aseve xanZarTan brZolis spe-cialistebis CarTvas da sawvrTneli varjiSebis Catarebas raTa uzrunvelyofil iqnas gegmis sruli ganxorcieleba. reagirebis gegmis SemuSavebisas unda gaviTvaliswinoT:

xeli unda Seewyos istoriuli nagebobebis personalisa anda macxovreblebis xanZarTan brZolis unaris ganviTa-rebas, risTvisac maT unda SeeTavazos gacnobiTi Tu Cve-vaTa gamomuSavebis regularuli, monitorizebuli pro-gramebi.

sadac SesaZlebelia, mobinadreebma unda miiRon mo-nawileoba specialistebTan erTad xanZarTan brZolis gegmis SemuSavebaSi, raTa meti iyos gegmasTan da mis Ro-nisZiebebTan maTi Tanaziaroba.

wvrTna unda Seicavdes xanZris gaCenis saswavlo gangaSs, raTa dadasturdes reagirebis gegmis zomebis adekvatu-roba.

reagirebis gegmaSi naTlad unda iyos gansazRvruli reagirebisas mobinadreebis, kulturuli memkvidreobis profesionalTa da saxanZro razmis movaleobebi. pasuxi-smgeblobaTa danawileba CaZiebiT unda iqnes Semowmebu-li da samomavlod mowonebuli ori jgufis mier.

mniSvnelovania sagangebo SemTxvevebis samsaxurebisTvis yovel dros Sesaferisi misasvlelebis uzrunvelyofa. unda SeirCes kargad gansazRvruli da SeZlebis far-glebSi saukeTesod iqnas movlili gzebi da misasvleli adgilebi. iolad dasazianebel baRebsa da landSaftebSi sakmarisia mwvane bilikebi viqonioT.

gansasazRvri da gegmaze dasatania, maT Soris, wylis ma-ragic da wylis yvela ZiriTadi wyaro: Webi, rezervua-rebi, arxebi, tborebi da tbebi, sacurao auzebi da ise-Ti bunebrivi wyaroebi, rogoricaa mdinareebi, wyaroebi, fSebi da tbebi.

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sadac ar moipoveba advilad misawvdomi maragi, mosafi-qrebelia, xom ar aris is Sesaqmneli anda xom ar moewyos sagangebo saWiroebisaTvis Sesabamisi tevadobis, Sesafe-risad ganlagebuli, Tvals mofarebuli an kamuflirebu-li avzi.

yovelTvis unda iyos uzrunvelyofili SenobasTan Tu mis SigniT uSualod misvlis saSualebani, mag., saxuravze Casasvlelis mowyobiTa Tu karebis sagangebo viTarebaSi gaxsna-gaRebis uzrunvelyofiT.

Zeglis dokumentacia, romelic reagirebis gegmis Semu-Savebis safuZvelia, unda Seicavdes Semdeg monacemebs:

- ra aris ise mniSvnelovani Senobis momcvel landSaft-Si, rom iq, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia, ar unda gaimar-Tos SenobasTan misasvleli;

- ra atributebia (interierisa da eqsterieris kazmulo-bis, detalebis, sivrceTa da morTulobaTa CaTvliT) mniSvnelovani, xasiaTis ganmsazRvreli, raTa maT sa-gangebod moufrTxilden reagirebisas; da

- moZravi atributebi interierisa: nivTebi, aveji, ga-marTuloba, koleqciebi moiTxovs gansakuTrebul zrunvas (savaraudod gasatania) reagirebis dros.

unda dadgindes landSaftis Tvisebebis, nagebobis atri-butebisa da Senobis moZravi elementebis mniSvnelobaTa ie-rarqia, romelic, SeZlebisdagvarad, gegmis nawilad unda iqces, raTa reagirebisas minimalizebul iqnas mniSvnelova-ni Tvisebebis an nivTebis danakargi.

5.6 reagireba

efeqturi reagireba, savsebiT aSkarad, efeqtur mzadebazea damokidebuli. xanZris dros mobinadreebs da xanZarTan me-brZol profesionalebs ar eqnebaT dro xanZarsawinaaRmde-go strategiebis improvizirebisa da mofiqrebisaTvis. isini unda daemyaron ukve Catarebul samzadiss.

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reagirebisTvis mzadebis garkvevaSi Semdegi kiTxvebi dagexmarebaT:

5.6.1 xanZarusafrTxoebis menejerisa da gundisTvis

momzadebulia Tu ara SenobisTvis Tanamedroveobis Sesa-ferisi reagirebis gegmebi?

iyo Tu ara igi gadaxedili Sesabamisi xanZarsawinaaRmde-go samsaxurebis an saxanZro razmis wevrTa mier?

damakmayofileblad Tua integrirebuli gegmiT dasaxul RonisZiebebSi Zeglis Rirebulebebze zrunva?

miewoda Tu ara gegma Sesasruleblad mobinadreTa da sa-xanZro razms?

iyo Tu ara gegmis RonisZiebani testirebuli da aprobi-rebuli wvrTnis an saswrafo gangaSis dros?

5.6.2 mobinadreTaTvis

aqvT Tu ara mobinadreebs gacnobierebuli maTi pasuxi-smgebloba xanZris SemTxvevaSi?

aris Tu ara mobinadreTaTvis reagirebis gegma mudam xelmisawvdomi?

gaecnen Tu ara isini gegmiT gaTvaliswinebul RonisZie-bebs da arian Tu ara isini mzad maTi SesrulebisTvis?

5.6.� adgilobrivi mexanZreebisTvis

RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis xanZarusafrTxoebis menejerTan TanamSromlobiT Tu SeimuSaves da gadasinjes pasuxism-gebelma moxeleebma xanZarsawinaaRmdego gegma?

misaRebia Tu ara moxeleebisTvis RonisZiebebi, romelnic gansazRvravs memkvidreobis elementebis gamarTulobis Tu Tvisebebis mimarT yuradRebasa da zrunvas?

aqvT Tu ra saxanZro razmis wevrebs gacnobierebuli xan-Zarze reagirebis gegmis RonisZiebebi da naTelia Tu ara maTTvis maTi valdebulebebi gegmis gansaxorcieleblad?

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xelmisawvdomia Tu ara gegma dauyovneblivi gamoyenebis an konsultaciis saWiroebisas sagangebo situaciis dros?

5.7 aRdgena

cecxlisgan miyenebuli zianis aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis adreul fazaSi unda Catardes arsebuli mdgomareobis winaswaruli Sefaseba, raTa swrafad moxdes gegmis Sedgena saswrafo aucilebeli ganyarebiTi samuSaoebisaTvis.

SekeTebis an Semdgomi SeswavlisaTvis analizis sagani unda iyos:

- saCqarod saWiro bijgebsa da sabjenebze moTxovnileba;

- xanZris SesaZlebeli mizezis gamovlena;

- konstruqciuli elementebisa da sistemebis mdgomareoba da stabiluroba;

- arakonstuqciuli nawilebis da kazmulobis mdgoma-reoba;

- Senobis sistemebis da keTilmowyobis mdgomareoba (ele-qtro momaragebis sistema; wyalgayvaniloba, kanalizacia, gaTboba, ventilacia da haeris kondicionireba (HVAC);

- Senobis saZirkvlis da mimdebare niadagis mdgomareoba;

- mniSvnelovani nivTebis da mowyobilobebis mdgomareoba da im saganTa gamoyofa, romlebic saWiroeben gatanas an specialur damuSavebas an orives;

- prevenciuli zomebis Catareba vandalizmisa da Zarcvis-gan dasacavad;

- remontisTvis saWiro pirobebis da SesakeTebeli masale-bis arseboba;

- kvalificiuri da gamocdili profesionalebis misawvdo-moba, romelnic saWiroa SekeTebisa da restavraciis gan-saxorcieleblad;

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- arsebiTi SekeTebisa da modernizaciisTvis eqspertuli meTvalyureobis dawesebis SesaZlebloba;

- arsebuli mdgomareobis detaluri Sefasebis da testire-bis saWiroeba.

Tavdapirveli mdgomareobis Sefasebis Semdeg, saWiroe-bisamebr, esa Tu is Semdgomi zomebia Casatarebeli. zogier-Ti maTgani qveviTaa ganxiluli.

5.7.1 Senoba unda iqnes stabilizebuli �gamagrebuli�

aq mTavaria mosaxleobis dacva da xanZris gamomwvevi mize-zebis gamokvleva aRnusxvis Semdgom. xanZris likvidaciis specialistebi unda darwmundnen, rom cecxli efeqtu-rad aris daqrobili da gamoricxulia kvlav aalebis al-baToba. unda iyvnen mowveuli profesionalebi, romlebsac aqvT SenobisTvis xanZris mier miyenebuli zianis Sefasebis gamocdileba, raTa maT moaxdinon konstruqciuli siste-mis gamZleobisa da stabilurobis Sefaseba. Casatarebelia RonisZiebebi Semdgomi dazianebis SesaZleblobis Sesam-cireblad, maT Soris, dazianebuli saxuravebis droebiTi saSualebebiT, mag., brezentiT gadaxurva, raTa wyali ar Cavides; agreTve Senobis dacva gareSe pirTa SeRwevisgan, vandalizmisa da Zarcvisgan.

5.7.2 mosaSorebelia xanZrisa da masTan brZolis meTodebis negatiuri Sedegi

gadasarCeni nivTebidan da elementebidan frTxilad unda iqnas mocilebuli danaxSirebuli masalebi. darCenili wylis gawova unda moxdes meqanikuri da fizikuri meTode-biT (gamwovi tumboebi, Rrublebi da a.S.), Senoba mTlianad unda iqnas gamoSrobili haeris nakadis gaumjobesebis me-SveobiT da, Tu SesaZlebelia, dehumadizatorebis anu ne-stis mSTanTqmelebis meSveobiTac.

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5.7.� unda ganxorcieldes xanZris mier dazianebuli Senobis detaluri Sefaseba

SeZlebisdagvarad, aradestruqciuli teqnikiT unda inaxos, rogoria TvaliT uxilavi mdgomareoba; gansaxilvelia, xom ar aris dasayenebeli sinestis monitoringis mowyobiloba.

5.7.4 moxdes gadarCenili obieqtebis aRwera da miRebul iqnas dazianebuli obieqtebis, elementebis sakonservacio zomebi

Senoba, faseuli artefaqtebi da gamarTuloba, maT Soris, adgilidan daZruli, dazianebuli an gadmovardnaze myofi, Caxatvisa da fotogadaRebis saSualebiT adgilze unda aRi-nusxos da Semdeg frTxilad iqnas gadatanili konservaciis specialistTa zedamxedvelobiT, usafrTxo adgilas gadau-debeli sakonservacio samuSaoebis Casatareblad. Tu SesaZ-lebelia, xeli unda Seewyos fotogrametriul aRnusxvas.

5.7.5 yvela gangaSis sistemis da xanZarTan brZolis xelsawyos aRdgena

Zalian mniSvnelovania katastrofis Semdeg Senobis usafr-Txoebis rac SeiZleba swrafad aRdgena, radganac am perio-dSi Senoba yvelaze metadaa daucveli momdevno katastro-febisgan.

5.7.6. momzaddes saremonto da sarekonstruqcio gegmebi

Semdgomi samSeneblo samuSaoebi, maT Soris, restavracia, SekeTeba an daSla, unda ganxorcieldes memkvidreobis kon-servaciis profesional eqspertebTan konsultaciis Semdeg, romelnic Seafaseben xanZriT miyenebul zians da mis Sede-gebs.

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Tavi 6miwisZvrebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli

katastrofebi

kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis specialuri strategiis SemuSaveba

riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis mizniT

6.1 Zeglze miyenebuli ziani

miwisZvram SesaZloa gamoiwvios sakuTrebisa da kulturu-li memkvidreobis pirdapiri da arapirdapiri dazianeba, rac iZleva sxvadasxva saxis dazianebas, romelTagan zogierTi CamoTvlilia qveviT:

Senobebis da maTi SigTavsis konstruqciuli Camoqceva da dazianeba yvelaze metad Senobaze horizontaluri biZ-gebis zemoqmedebiT xdeba. amgvarad:

• SeiZleba Camovardes kedlebi, gaumagrebeli vertikalu-ri komponentebi (mag., sakvamurebi) da daucvelad mdgomi nivTebi;

• horizontaluri da vertikaluri samagrebi da damakavSi-reblebi SeiZleba daskdes da gatydes;

• Senobis komponentebi SeiZleba erTmaneTis mimarT gad-aadgildes horizontalurad;

• Senobis komponentebi SeiZleba Camoiqces da daazianos nivTebi da koleqciebi;

• SeiZleba gaCndes struqturuli bzarebi Senobis im nawi-lebSi, romlebzedac imoqmeda gverdiTma biZgebma;

• SeiZleba Sesustdes Senobis mdgradoba da gamZleoba mo-mavali dartymebis mosagerieblad;

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• SeiZleba gadaadgildes Tavisuflad mdgari nivTebi;

• Camovardes Camokidebuli nivTebi;

• kulturuli memkvidreobisken mimavali gayvanilobebi _ wylis, kanalizaciis, eleqtro, satelefono, sawvavis (mag., gazis) momwodebeli sistemebi _ SeiZleba blokire-buli iqnes an daskdes, rac, Tavis mxriv, gazrdis cecx-lisa an wylisgan dazianebis risks;

• SeiZleba wyobidan gamovides gangaSis, gamafrTxilebeli da makontrolebeli sistemebi, rac Seanelebs efeqtur reagirebas;

• SeiZleba ganadgurdes muzeumebis, koleqciebis, gale-reebis tenianobis da temperaturis monitoringis da kontrolis sistemebi;

• kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis misasvlel-gamo-sasvlelebi SeiZleba Caixergos landSaftis elementebis (mag., xeebi, gzebi) Camovardnisa an dazianebis gamo.

istoriulma ubnebs, garda maTi Semadgeneli Senobebisa da obieqtebis dazianebisa, SeiZleba maTi sistemebis dazia-nebis gamoc miadges zarali:

• municipaluri infrastruqturis sistemebis (gansakuTre-biT eleqtro da komunikaciebi, wylis, gazis da sakanali-zacio sistemebi) dangreva. aseTi sistemebis dazianebam SeiZleba gazardos wyliTa da xanZriT gamowveuli Tan-mdevi dazianebebis SesaZlebloba da Seamciros komunika-ciis efeqturoba sagangebo reagirebis viTarebaSi;

• dazianeba satransporto infrastruqturis _ gzebis, sarkinigzo magistralebis, wyliT gadaadgilebis gzebis, aeroportebis _ aseve xidebis, miwisqveSa gadasasvlele-bis, sadrenaJo sistemis, safexmavlo da samanqano estaka-debis, rac potenciurad auaresebs moqalaqeTa gadaadgi-lebas da maSveli transportis misvlas safrTxeSi myof Tu dazianebul adgilebSi.

kulturul landSaftebs da arqeologiur teritoriebs garda zemoT aRniSnulisa SeiZleba miadges Semdegi zianic:

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o landSaftebis iseTi elementebis ganadgureba da dazia-neba, rogorebicaa xeebi, Robeebi an aramdgradi kedlis fragmentebi;

o niadagis liqvefaqcia, romelic garkveul viTarebaSi moxdes da gamoiwvios mewyeri da niadagis jdena;

o xanZris an wyaldidobisgan meoradi dazianebis riski SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos hidro-eleqtro danadgarebis an kaSxalebis dazianebiT;

o cxovelTa da mcenareTa da sxvadasxva saxeobis sacxovri-sis ganadgurebam SeiZleba gamoiwvios biologiuri mra-valferovnebis erozia;

o satransporto infrastruqturis dazianeba, romelic xels uSlis moqalaqeTa reagirebas da aferxebs maSveli transportis misvlas safrTxeSi myof da dazianebul ad-gilebTan.

6.2 miwisZvrisTvis mzadyofnis strategiis SemuSaveba

miwisZvrisTvis mzadyofnis strategia unda iTvaliswinebdes iseT elementebs, romlebic amcirebs kulturuli memkvi-dreobisTvis potenciur safrTxes da naTlad adgens, ra-gvari unda iyos sagangebo viTarebaze reaqcia. es saWiroebs ormxriv, miwisZvrebisTvis mzadyofnaze pasuxismgebeli pi-rebisa da kulturul memkvidreobaze pasuxismgebel pirTa davaldebulebas, raTa SemuSavdes awon-dawonili strategia adamianTa sicocxlis, sakuTrebisa da kulturul memkvi-dreobaze zrunvis gasaumjobeseblad.

6.2.1 strategiis SemuSavebis pasuxismgebloba

gansxvavebiT Cveulebrivi xanZarsawinaaRmdego RonisZie-bebisgan, miwisZvris sawinaaRmdego zomebi iSviaTad iTva-liswinebs kulturuli memkvidreobis calkeuli obieqti-sTvis, Tundac maRali seismuri riskis zonebSi, erTi moxe-

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lisTvis pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebas. yuradReba seismuri mzadyofnis sakiTxebze ufro xSirad maSinaa xolme gama-xvilebuli, rodesac xdeba ama Tu im calkeuli obieqtis ganaxleba misi mflobelis mier. Tanamedrove samSeneblo kodeqsebis umravlesoba moiTxovs, rom ganaxlebuli Se-noba iTvaliswinebdes Tanamedrove moTxovnebs sazogadoe-bis usafrTxoebis yvela aspeqtisTvis, kerZod, xanZrisagan, miwisZvrebisgan dacva da a.S. aseT SemTxvevaSi xdeba Senobis seismomedegobis Sefaseba.

miuxedavad imisa, rom municipalitetebi seismurad aqtiur zonebSi xSirad cdiloben sistematurad Caataron SenobisTvis riskis Sefasebis da Senobebis riskis Sesagebe-blad ukeT Semzadebas, magram aseT kvlevas mudam rodi mo-sdevs memkvidreobis calkeuli obieqtebisTvis miwisZvri-sTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis yovlismomcveli strate-giebis miReba.

miuxedavad imisa, rom miwisZvris riski nakleb mosalo-dneli Cans, vidre xanZris, mainc mniSvnelovania seismuri usafrTxoebis sakiTxebze pasuxismgebloba mudmivad daki-srebul iqnas erT pirze an jgufze, romelic mudam moa-xdens, Seamowmebs da ganaaxlebs miwisZvrasTan dakavSirebul RonisZiebebs. memkvidreobis obieqtis miwisZvris zedamxe-dvelma mWidrod unda iTanamSromlos municipalitetis da saxelmwifo moxeleebTan obieqtisTvis, misi binadrebis, misi SigTavsis Tu RirebulebisTvis Sesabamisi strategiis SesamuSaveblad.

6.2.2 strategiis elementebi

miwisZvrisgan dacvis strategiebi xanZarsawinaaRmdego strategiebisagan ori ZiriTadi TvalsazrisiT gansxvavde-bian:

• miwisZvris prevencia _ xanZris msgavsad _ SeuZlebelia;

• TviT miwisZvra xanZarTan SedarebiT xanmoklea da ar eqvemdebareba kontrols.

es gansxvavebebi miuTiTeben efeqturi seismuri dac-vis strategiis mzadebasa da reagirebis aspeqtebis

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yuradRebis gamaxvilebis mniSvnelobaze: pirvelyovlisa, riskis Semcirebaze mimarTul zomebze, miwisZvrismedegobis gazrdaze, miwisZvris aRmoCenisa da monitoringis gaum-jobesebaze da reagirebis gegmis SemuSavebaze. strategia unda gvTavazobdes iseT gzas, rom misi sxvadasxva zoma pativdebdes memkvidreobismier Rirebulebebs, Tan ki mi-wisZvrisgan dacvasac gaaumjobesebs.

seismur zonebSi garkveuli yuradReba eTmoba calkeuli Senobis seismomedegobis gazrdas. Tumca am saxis zomebi warmoadgenen mxolod nawils calkeuli obieqtebisTvis specifikuri seismomedegobis efeqturi strategiisa.efeqturi strategiisa.feqturi strategiisa.

memkvidreobis obieqtebisTvis sruli da efeqturi seismomedegobis strategiis SemuSavebisas yuradReba unda mieqces Semdeg sferoebs:

• riskis Semcireba, romelic Seicavs calkeul Zeglebze zemoqmedebis Sesustebis zomebs:

uzrunvelyofil iqnas Zeglis maRali donis movla;

aalebis wyaroebis Semcireba, meoradi xanZris gaCenisa da misi Sedegebis albaTobis Sesamcireblad;

memkvidreobis obieqtis Sesabamisad gamoyenebis uz-runvelyofa maRali riskis zonebSi;

istoriuli obieqtebis movlisas gansakuTrebuli yur-adReba unda mieqces moZvelebul eleqtro da sawvavis momwodebeli sistemebis mdgomareobas, raTa Sevamci-roT miwisZvris Semdeg xanZris gaCenis SesaZlebloba.

•seismomedegobis gazrda iTvaliswinebs:

Senobis da misi komponentebis miwisZvrisgan daziane-bis mimarT gamZleobis gazrdas;

riskis analizis Catarebas miwisZvrebis savaraudo in-tensivobis da sixSiris dasadgenad;

Senobis reagirebis analizs wina seismur movlenebze;

konstruqciuli sistemis gaZlierebas, raTa gaizar-dos Senobis mdgradoba miwisZvris horizontaluri biZgebis mimarT;

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Senobis miwisgan izolirebas, raTa avaciloT an sxva mi-marTuleba mivceT miwisZvris horizontalur biZgebs;

gansakuTrebiT istoriuli obieqtebisTvis zomebma, romlebic Catardeba Senobis gasaZliereblad an sai-zolaciod, minimaluri gavlena unda moaxdinos Zeglis faseulobebze.

•miwisZvris aRmoCena da monitoringi saimiso mcdelobis meSveobiT, rom adreve moxdes miwisZvris Sesaxeb gafrTxi-leba da movipovoT codna mis kritikul parametrebze:

miwisqveSa sensorebis da sakomunikacio sistemebis da-montaJeba romelTac SeuZliaT winaswar gafrTxileba miwisZvris moaxloebis Sesaxeb; da

miwisZvris intensivobis da adgilmdebareobis ganmsaz-Rvreli da informaciis reagirebis centrebisTvis ga-dacemis uzrunvelmyofi sistemebi.

•miwisZvraze reagirebis dagegmva Seicavs:

mobinadreTa da sagangebo reagirebis moxeleTa mier miwisZvrebisTvis winmswreb mzadebas;

mobinadreTa da seismuri-reagirebis moxeleebis CarT-va memkvidreobis calkeuli obieqtis da zonisTvis riskis analizia miwisZvrisgan dacvis gaumjobesebis zomebis gansazRvraSi;

imis uzrunvelyofa, rom municipalur da regionalur gegmebSi iyos miTiTeba memkvidreobis obieqtebsa da Senobebze, romlebic imsaxureben gansakuTrebul zrunvas miwisZvris dros;

amomwuravi seismo-reagirebis gegmis Sedgena;

seismo-reagirebis wvrTna da varjiSi mobinadreebisT-vis da seismo reagirebis moxeleebisTvis.

• istoriuli obieqtebisTvis:

reagirebis gegma aucileblad unda Seicavdes Senobis mtvrevadi da mniSvnelovani elementebis, im nivTebis da gamarTulobis aRwerilobasa da srul dokumenta-

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cias, romlebic imsaxureben gansakuTrebul yuradRe-bas (da, SesaZloa, gadasarCenad gatanasa da konserva-cias) miwisZvris Semdeg;

adgilzeve momaragebul iqnas miwisZvrisgan daziane-buli nivTebis gadasarCenad, dasacavad da aRsadgenad saWiro masalebis Sesabamisi maragi;

safrTxeSi myofi an dazianebuli masalebis usafrTxo sawyobsa an sakonservacio dawesebulebaSi gadatanis uzrunvelyofa;

gawvrTnili da gamocdili konservaciis specialiste-bis sagangebo jgufebis (arqiteqtorebi, inJinrebi, damgegmareblebi, aqeologebi, istorikosebi da a.S.), xelosnebis, mSeneblebis da adgilobriv mkvidrTagan pasuxismgebeli pirebis gansazRvra, romlebic moipo-veba da visac SeswevT unari reagireba moaxdinon sa-gangebo situaciis dros;

miwisZvrisgan dacvis wvrTnam unda SeagrZnobinos moxe-leebs memkvidreobis nagebobebis da obieqtebis buneba da moniSnos gadasarCenad Sesaferisi zrunvis zomebi.

memkvidreobis obieqtis seismo-dacvis strategia unda iyos mudmivi monitoringisa da ganxilvis sagani, raTa moxdes SesaZlo gaumjobesebis identifikacia da ganxorcieleba.

mniSvnelovania, rom istoriuli obieqtis seismo-dacvis strategia xistad ar gamoiyenebodes. dadgenili zomebis paketi unda pasuxobdes usafrTxoebis da stabilurobis ZiriTad moTxovnebs, amasTan, rac SeiZleba naklebi zarali unda miadges istoriuli obieqtis xasiaTs. samSeneblo cvlilebebi im minimaluri odenobisa unda iyos, rac aucilebelia seismo-dacvis misaReb donemde asayvanad.

saukeTeso seismo-dacvis strategia memkvidreobis calkeuli obieqtisTvis unda pasuxobdes adamianebis, memkvidreobis obieqtisa Tu sagnebis uSiSroebisa da usafrTxoebis yvela standarts, rac SeiZleba naklebad azaralebdes memkvidreobismier Rirebulebebs da rac SeiZleba naklebs xarjebs iTxovdes.

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6.3 strategiis Camoyalibeba:strategiis Camoyalibeba: Camoyalibeba:Camoyalibeba:: dagegmva da teqnikuri zomebi da teqnikuri zomebida teqnikuri zomebi teqnikuri zomebiteqnikuri zomebi zomebizomebi

es Tavi gvTavazobs specifikur gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo- Tavi gvTavazobs specifikur gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo-Tavi gvTavazobs specifikur gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo- gvTavazobs specifikur gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo-gvTavazobs specifikur gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo- specifikur gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo-specifikur gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo- gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo-gegmarebiT da teqnikur zo- da teqnikur zo-da teqnikur zo- teqnikur zo-teqnikur zo- zo-zo-mebs, romlebic sasargeblo iqneba seismo-dacvis strate-, romlebic sasargeblo iqneba seismo-dacvis strate-romlebic sasargeblo iqneba seismo-dacvis strate- sasargeblo iqneba seismo-dacvis strate-sasargeblo iqneba seismo-dacvis strate- iqneba seismo-dacvis strate-iqneba seismo-dacvis strate- seismo-dacvis strate-seismo-dacvis strate--dacvis strate-dacvis strate- strate-strate-giis SemuSavebisas. SemuSavebisas.SemuSavebisas..

6.�.1 riskis Semcireba

miuxedavad imisa, rom miwisZvris Sesusteba SeuZlebelia, karg movlas SeuZlia Seamciros potenciuri ziani da da-nakargi.

• Senobis regularuli movla-patronoba, romelic Semow-mebas mosdevs, uzrunvelyofs seismomedegobis gaumjo-besebisTvis miRebul zomaTa srul efeqturobas.

• movlisTvis saWiro SekeTebisas optimaluri raodenobiT unda iyos gamoyenebuli Sesabamisi tradiciuli masalebi da teqnika, Tu isini waadgeba obieqtis seismomedegobas.

• regularuli Semowmebisas yuradReba unda mieqces spe-cifikuri elementebis adekvaturobas, romlebic mniSv-nelovania seismomedegobisaTvis. maT Soris:

o qvis wyobaSi kirqvisa da cementis xsnars;

o Wimvaze gamZleobas, iatakisa da saxuravis kedlebTan SeWidebasa da SekavSirebis simtkices;

o qarisa da wvimis gaumtarobas.

• regularuli Semowmebisas yovelTvis unda inaxos ele-qtro da sawvavis momwodebeli sistemebis mdgomareoba, meoradi, pirvelyovlisa, xanZris riskis da Tanmdevi ua-ryofiTi Sedegebis Tavidan asacileblad.

regionalur dagegmarebas didi masStabiT SeuZlia Seamciros riskis albaToba ramdenime gziT, rogorebicaa:

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• moxdes funqciaTa teritoriaze sistemuri ganawileba, imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom yvelaze safrTxilo punqte-bi (mag., saavadmyofoebi) ganlagebuli iyos yvelaze myarsaavadmyofoebi) ganlagebuli iyos yvelaze myar) ganlagebuli iyos yvelaze myarmyar gruntze..

• mosaxleobis simWidrovis gakontroleba naklebad sta-bilur adgilebSi arapirdapiri zianis, kerZod, xanZris mier moyenebuli zianis Sesamcireblad.

• eleqtro da sawvavis momwodebeli sistemis zonuri kon-trolis qveS moqceva meoradi xanZris gavrcelebis Se-saCereblad.

6.�.2 seismomedegobis gazrda

seismomedegobis gaZlierebisken mimarTuli Zalisxmeva dafuZnebuli unda iyos nagebobis, misi konstruqciebis struqturaze, saSeni masalis da teqnikis, misi evoluciis, istoriisa da konservaciis mdgomareobaze.mdgomareobaze..

yvela fizikuri cvlileba mdgradobis gaumjobesebis mizniT unda efuZnebodes adekvatur fiqsacias da undaunda efuZnebodes adekvatur fiqsacias da unda efuZnebodes adekvatur fiqsacias da unda emTxveodes adgilobrivi xelisuflebis mier dadgenil seismomedegobis normebs. kvlevebma, romelTa safuZvelze unda moxdes rekomendaciebis gacema, unda gaiTvaliswinosgaiTvaliswinosiTvaliswinosos regionis da memkidreobis celkeuli obieqtis seismuri istoria, raTa ukeT gaviazroT misaRebi zomebi. aseTi analizisTvis saWiroa inaxos :

• istoriuli Senobebis da masalebis arsebuli medegoba.ba.a.

• medegobis gaumjobesebis tradiciuli koncefciebi da meTodebis efeqturoba

• sxvadasxva konstruqciisa da masalis _ xis karkasis, RorRisa Tu Tlili qvis wyobis, miwis Senobebis da a.S. _ gansxvavebuli moqceva.

• Senobis Sinagani da garegani defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlena Sinagani da garegani defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlenaSinagani da garegani defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlena da garegani defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlenada garegani defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlena garegani defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlenagaregani defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlena defeqtebis SesaZlo gavlenadefeqtebis SesaZlo gavlena SesaZlo gavlenaSesaZlo gavlena gavlenagavlena mis moqcevaze miwisZvris dros. moqcevaze miwisZvris dros.moqcevaze miwisZvris dros. miwisZvris dros.miwisZvris dros. dros.dros..

• adre gamoyenebuli Tanamedrove gasamyarebeli xerxebisa da teqnikis efeqturobis Sefaseba.

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• miwisZvrebis intensivobis sxvadasxva donis, maTi warsu- intensivobis sxvadasxva donis, maTi warsu-intensivobis sxvadasxva donis, maTi warsu- sxvadasxva donis, maTi warsu-sxvadasxva donis, maTi warsu- donis, maTi warsu-donis, maTi warsu-, maTi warsu-maTi warsu- warsu-warsu-li Tu momavalSi mosalodneli sixSiris Sefaseba. Tu momavalSi mosalodneli sixSiris Sefaseba.Tu momavalSi mosalodneli sixSiris Sefaseba. momavalSi mosalodneli sixSiris Sefaseba.momavalSi mosalodneli sixSiris Sefaseba. mosalodneli sixSiris Sefaseba.mosalodneli sixSiris Sefaseba. sixSiris Sefaseba.sixSiris Sefaseba. Sefaseba.Sefaseba..

• am midamoebSi adre an/da msgavs pirobebSi momxdari seis-muri movlenebis gamocdileba.

proeqtirebis kriteriumi da rekomendaciebi unda iTvaliswinebdes istoriuli obieqtebis Rirebulebebs da uzrunvelyofas:

• SeTavazebulma samuSaoebma ar unda gamoiwvios istoriu-li obieqtis gansakuTrebulad sagulisxmo Tvisebebis an misi simrTelis dakargva an misTvis zianis miyeneba.

• upiratesoba unda mieniWos arsebuli konstruqciuli sistemebis da masalebis SeZlebisdagvarad gafrTxile-bas, SenarCunebasa da gamyarebas; anu ZiriTadi yuradReba Senobis reaqciaTa analizs unda daeTmos. es imas niSnavs, rom arsebuli konstruqciuli sistemebis da maTi Se-madgenlebis reaqcia mTlianobaSi konstruqciuli sis-temis efeqturobis Sesafaseblad adekvaturad unda miviCnioT (imis nacvlad, rom davefuZnoT mxoloden ricxviT monacemebs an Semadgeneli elementebisa Tu maTi erTobliobebis kanonis moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobas).

• mdgradobis gaZlierebisas upiratesoba eniWeba tradici-ul masalebs da teqnikas.

• Tu SemoTavazebulia axali masalebi, isini arsebulTan SemoTavazebulia axali masalebi, isini arsebulTanSemoTavazebulia axali masalebi, isini arsebulTan axali masalebi, isini arsebulTanaxali masalebi, isini arsebulTan masalebi, isini arsebulTanmasalebi, isini arsebulTan, isini arsebulTanisini arsebulTan arsebulTanarsebulTan Tavsebadi da, ramdenadac es saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos; da, ramdenadac es saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos;da, ramdenadac es saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos; ramdenadac es saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos;ramdenadac es saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos; es saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos;es saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos; saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos;saWiroa, gamZle unda iyos;, gamZle unda iyos;gamZle unda iyos; unda iyos;unda iyos; iyos;iyos;; Tu es pirobebi araa dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni da es pirobebi araa dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni daes pirobebi araa dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni da pirobebi araa dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni dapirobebi araa dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni da araa dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni daaraa dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni da dakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni dadakmayofilebuli, gamosaZebni da, gamosaZebni dagamosaZebni da dada Sesafasebelia alternatiuli winadadebebi. alternatiuli winadadebebi.alternatiuli winadadebebi. winadadebebi.winadadebebi..

• yoveli nageboba da nebismieri SeTavazebuli samuSao nageboba da nebismieri SeTavazebuli samuSaonageboba da nebismieri SeTavazebuli samuSao da nebismieri SeTavazebuli samuSaoda nebismieri SeTavazebuli samuSao nebismieri SeTavazebuli samuSaonebismieri SeTavazebuli samuSao SeTavazebuli samuSaoSeTavazebuli samuSao samuSaosamuSao Tavisi RirsebebiT unda fasdebodes. RirsebebiT unda fasdebodes.RirsebebiT unda fasdebodes. unda fasdebodes.unda fasdebodes. fasdebodes.fasdebodes..

• seismuri gamagrebis analizi unda gamomdinareobdes gamagrebis analizi unda gamomdinareobdesgamagrebis analizi unda gamomdinareobdes analizi unda gamomdinareobdesanalizi unda gamomdinareobdes unda gamomdinareobdesunda gamomdinareobdes gamomdinareobdesgamomdinareobdes Senobis reaqciidan da ara ubralod standartebis da reaqciidan da ara ubralod standartebis dareaqciidan da ara ubralod standartebis da da ara ubralod standartebis dada ara ubralod standartebis da ara ubralod standartebis daara ubralod standartebis da ubralod standartebis daubralod standartebis da standartebis dastandartebis da dada normebis gamoyenebaze, Tan jerovnad gasaTvaliswinebe- gamoyenebaze, Tan jerovnad gasaTvaliswinebe-gamoyenebaze, Tan jerovnad gasaTvaliswinebe-, Tan jerovnad gasaTvaliswinebe-Tan jerovnad gasaTvaliswinebe- jerovnad gasaTvaliswinebe-jerovnad gasaTvaliswinebe- gasaTvaliswinebe-gasaTvaliswinebe-li teqnikis ganviTarebis motanili gaumjobesebanic. teqnikis ganviTarebis motanili gaumjobesebanic.teqnikis ganviTarebis motanili gaumjobesebanic. ganviTarebis motanili gaumjobesebanic.ganviTarebis motanili gaumjobesebanic. motanili gaumjobesebanic.motanili gaumjobesebanic. gaumjobesebanic.gaumjobesebanic..

• Casatarebeli RonisZiebebi dagegmilia mosalodneli saSiSroebis albaTobis, intensivobis, da masTan dakav-

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Sirebuli savaraudo riskis realisturi Sefasebis Sesa-bamisad.

Senobis seismomedegobis modernizaciis SesaZlebloba yovelTvis unda iqnas gamoyenebuli Senobis restavraciis, gadakeTebis an gafarToebis programis Sedgenisas. arsebuli Seuferebeli an ukanono konstruqciebi, miSenebebi an gadakeTebebi SeZlebisamebr unda moixsnas.

yvela saxis gamagrebiTi samuSaoebi unda iyos sruliad dokumentirebuli, raTa SeiZlebodes grZelvadian periodSi maTi gadasinjviT, igi Sesabamisi saerTaSoriso standarte-bis dasasaxad moviSvelioT.

6.�.� miwisZvris prognozirebis da seismodeteqciis sistemebi

miwisZvris prognozirebis da seismo-deteqciis sistemebis SemuSaveba moiTxovs vrcel dokumentacias _ istoriulsac da axlandelsac _ ramdenime mniSvnelovan sferoSi.

• Segrovebuli da Sejerebuli unda iqnas zusti monaceme-bi, geografiul regionSi miwisZvris albaTobaze, maT Soris misi tipis adgilmdebareobis, savaraudo inten-sivobis da sixSiris Taobaze. saamisod safuZveli unda iyos momavali miwisZvrebis da maTi mizezebis ara marto dRevandeli, grZelvadiani mecnieruli kvleva, aramed warsulis momxdar katastrofebze xelmisawvdomi doku-mentaciis analizic. mopovebuli informacia rukis saxiT unda gamoqveyndes, monacemebi ki cifruli formiT unda SevinaxoT.

• unda dawesdes monitoringi geologiur, hidrologiur, meteorologiur da msgavs bunebriv procesebsa da fa-qtorebze. maT Sorisaa wylis mimarTuleba da done, nia-dagis daxasiaTeba da zedapirisqveSa geologia, romelTa qmedebam da katastrofasTan urTierTqmedebam SesaZloa ziani miayenos sakuTrebas, adamianTa sicocxles da kul-turul memkvidreobas.

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• zogadi seismuri, meteorologiuri, hidrologiuri da geologiuri monacemebi, romlebic SeiZleba mniSvnelova-ni gamodges materialuri dovlaTis (kerZod ki, kultu-ruli memkvidreobis) katastrofebis dros da SesaZlo dazianebisa da danakargebis Sesafaseblad sistematurad unda iyos Segrovebuli da gaanalizebuli.

zemoT CamoTvlili pirobebis gaanalizeba gazrdis miwisZvris intensivobis da sixSiris zusti prognozire-bis SesaZleblobas. aseTi saxis analizi aseve Tavis wvlils Seitans miwisZvrebisTvis mzadyofnis zogad dagegmarebaSi, rac moicavs mcdelobas moxdes:

• Senobis naklebi mdgradobis minimizacia. kulturuli obieqtis gamagrebis, SekeTebis da SenarCunebisTvis teq-nikuri da finansuri zomebis SemuSaveba da danergva;

• istoriuli nagebobebis gamoyenebis da masTan dakavSire-buli gadakeTebebis kontroli, Tuki riski maRalia da gadakeTebebi zrdis mas; da

• SemogarenSi (adgilobriv da mTel regionSi) miwaTsar-geblobis Secvlis winadadebebis kontroli, Tuki mi-waTsargebloba aSkarad zrdis risks.

6.�.4 reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba

• seismuri aqtivobis dros sagangebo qmedebebisaTvis efeqtu-ri reagirebis gegmis momzadeba moiTxovs kulturuli obie-qtis binadarTa, seismoreagirebis profesionalebs Soris TanamSromlobasac da rigi faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebasac.

• reagirebis gegmam unda uzrunvelyos binadarTa, perso-nalis da samoqalaqo Tavdacvis, Tu sxva dainteresebuliTu sxva dainteresebuli sxva dainteresebulisxva dainteresebuli dainteresebulidainteresebuli da CarTuli organizaciebis, maT Soris, saxelmwifo mox- CarTuli organizaciebis, maT Soris, saxelmwifo mox-CarTuli organizaciebis, maT Soris, saxelmwifo mox- organizaciebis, maT Soris, saxelmwifo mox-organizaciebis, maT Soris, saxelmwifo mox-, maT Soris, saxelmwifo mox-maT Soris, saxelmwifo mox- Soris, saxelmwifo mox-Soris, saxelmwifo mox- saxelmwifo mox-saxelmwifo mox- mox-mox-eleTa warmomadgenlebis wvrTna aRnusxvaSi, gadarCenasa warmomadgenlebis wvrTna aRnusxvaSi, gadarCenasaebis wvrTna aRnusxvaSi, gadarCenasais wvrTna aRnusxvaSi, gadarCenasaSi, gadarCenasa, gadarCenasaa da saCqaro SekeTebis, bijgebis da sabjenebis SeyenebaSi,is, bijgebis da sabjenebis SeyenebaSi,s, bijgebis da sabjenebis SeyenebaSi,Si,, sagangebo dacvis meTodebis da praqtikuli samuSaoebis SesrulebaSi, agreTve usafrTxoebis zomebis gatarebaSiSii Zarcvis, cecxlis wakidebisa da sxva kriminaluri qmede-bebisgan dacvis mizniT.

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• wvrTnas unda axldes teqnikuri rCevebis, fiqsaciisa da aRnusxvis monacemebis gamoqveyneba.

• wvrTna unda Seicavdes seismoreagirebis varjiSs da unda Seicavdes seismoreagirebis varjiSs daunda Seicavdes seismoreagirebis varjiSs da Seicavdes seismoreagirebis varjiSs daSeicavdes seismoreagirebis varjiSs da seismoreagirebis varjiSs daseismoreagirebis varjiSs da varjiSs davarjiSs da dada saswrafo gangaSze reagirebas gegmis Tanaxmad. gangaSze reagirebas gegmis Tanaxmad.gangaSze reagirebas gegmis Tanaxmad. reagirebas gegmis Tanaxmad.reagirebas gegmis Tanaxmad. gegmis Tanaxmad.gegmis Tanaxmad. Tanaxmad.Tanaxmad..

• reagirebis gegmaSi mkafiod unda iyos gamijnuli bina-darTa Tu personalis da miwisZvraze reagirebis pro-fesionalebis movaleobani. pasuxismgeblobis ganawileba safuZvlianad unda iyos ganxiluli da samomavlod mowo-nebuli ori jgufis mier.

• reagirebis gegma unda Seicavdes memkvidreobis obie-qtebis RirebulebebTan dakavSirebul adekvatur doku-mentacias, maT Soris:

- Senobis mimdebare landSaftis Rirebul elementeb-sa da sivrceebze, romlebzedac SeZlebisdagvarad ar unda gadiodes misken misasvlelebi da romelnic rea-girebisas sagangebo mofrTxilebas imsaxurebs;

- nagebobis mniSvnelovan atributebze (maT Soris Sida da gare kazmulobasa, detalebze, sivrceebsa da morTulobaze), romelTac reagirebisas sagangebo mofrTxileba unda;

- interieris moZrav elementebze, romlebic sagangebo mofrTxilebas imsaxurebs (da maTi gadatana SesaZle-belia) reagirebis dros, maT Soris gamarTuloba, niv-Tebi, aveji da koleqciebi.

reagirebis gegma agreTve unda uzrunvelyofdes usa-frTxo adgilebs, sawyobebs, sadac SesaZlebeli iqneba dazianebuli nivTebis swrafad gadatana. dauyovneblivi daxmarebis uzrunvelsayofad konservaciis gamocdili spe-cialistebis misawvdomobis mogvarebac reagirebis gegmaSi erT-erT nawilad unda Sevides.

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6.4 reagireba

rogorc xanZarreagirebis aseve seismoreagirebis gegmis efeqturoba didadaa damokidebuli winaswari dagegmarebis adekvaturobaze. Tumca, xanZrisgan gansxvavebiT, seismuri movlenis myisierebis gamo, reagireba xdeba mxolod seismuri movlenis Semdeg, Tumc ki nagvianevi biZgebis saSiSroebis gaTvaliswinebiT. amgvarad, miwisZvrebisTvis reagirebis faza, arsebiTad, aRdgeniTi fazis nawils warmoadgens.is nawils warmoadgens.s nawils warmoadgens.

Semdegi kiTxvebi dagexmarebaT reagirebisTvis momzade-bis adekvaturobis gamorkvevaSi:

•memkvidreobis obieqtis menejerebis, binadrebis da person-alisTvis:

aris Tu ara SemuSavebuli Tanamedrove RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis seismo-reagirebis gegma?

iyo Tu ara es gegmebi ganxiluli Sesabamisi sagangebo-reagirebis moxeleebis mier?

aris Tu ara gegmis RonisZiebebSi damakmayofileblad gaTvaliswinebuli zrunva nagebobis memkvidreobismier Rirebulebebze?

aris Tu ara gegma efeqtiurad miwodebuli binadrebsa da sagangebo reagirebis moxeleebisTvis, romlebic pasuxis-mgebelni arian mis ganxorcielebaze?

aris Tu ara SemuSavebuli kavSiris (sagangebod daniS-nuli pirebi an maTi moadgileebi; sakomunikacio arxebi) saSualebebi sagangebo situaciis dros?

Catarda Tu ara gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebis te-stireba da Semowmda wvrTnisa an saswavlo gangaSis dros?

•mobinadreTaTvis:

aqvT Tu ara mobinadreebs gacnobierebuli Tavisi pauxis-mgebloba miwisZvris dros?

miuwvdebaT Tu ara binadrebs mudmivad xeli reagirebis gegmaze?

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ramdenad nacnobia maTTvis gegmiT gasaTvaliswinebeli RonisZiebebi da ramdenad mzad arian isini maT Sesasru-leblad?

•adgilobrivi sagangebo-reagirebis moxeleebisTvis:

memkvidreobis obieqtebis menejerebTan TanamSromlobiT Tu SeimuSaves da gadasinjes pasuxismgebelma moxeleebma miwisZvraze reagirebis gegma?

misaRebia Tu ara moxeleebisTvis RonisZiebebi, romelnic gansazRvravs memkvidreobis elementebis, gamarTulobisa Tu Tvisebebis mimarT yuradRebasa da zrunvas?

aqvT Tu ara sagangebo-reagirebis gundis wevrebs gacno-bierebuli reagirebis gegmis RonisZiebebi da TavTavian-Ti valdebulebebi maT Sesasruleblad?

aris Tu ara gegma misawvdomi sagangebo reagirebisas dau-yovneblivi moxmarebis da konsultaciis saWiroebisas?

6.5 aRdgena

aRdgenis adreul fazaze yuradReba unda mieqces nagvianevi seismuri biZgebis gagrZelebis albaTobas, romlebmac SesaZloa gaauareson katastrofis Semdgomi mdgomareoba da xeli SeuSalon aRdgenis gegmis ganxorcielebas.

miwisZvris Semdeg gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces mdgomareobis dauyovnebliv Sefasebas gegmis sas-wrafod Sesadgenad gadaudeblad saWiro stabilizaciis, SekeTebis an aRdgenis da Semdgomi kvlevisTvis.

dazianebul elementebze dauyovneblivi dokumentaciis Sedgena (Camweri saSualebebis: kamerebis, videos, ganaTe-bis, batareebis gamoyenebiT _ isini windawin unda iyos mom-zadebuli da movlili) da gaanalizeba, romelic aCvenebs:

o mniSvnelovani obieqtebis da maTi inventaris mdgoma-reobasa da im obieqtTa gansazRvra, romlebic saWiroebs gatanas konservaciis mizniT;

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o bijgebisa da sabjenebis gadaudebeli Seyenebis saWiroeba;

o nawilebis mdgomareoba da stabiluroba;

o Senobis konstruqciebisa da sayofacxovrebo mowyobi-lobebis mdgomareoba;

o saZirkvelis mdgomareoba (tipi, susti wertilebi, Sinaga-ni usafrTxoeba, jdena);

o remontisTvis xelsayreli pirobebis da SesakeTebeli ma-salis arsebobas;

o kvalificiuri da gamocdili profesionalebis da xelos-nebis misawvdomobas, romelnic saWiroa SekeTebisa da re-stavraciis gansaxorcieleblad; da

o restavraciisa da modernizaciisTvis eqspertuli meT-valyureobis dawesebis SesaZleblobas _ raTa dakmayo-filebul iqnas nagebobaSi cxovrebis, usafrTxoebis da jandacvis miRebuli standartebi.

Tavdapirvelad mdgomareobis Sefaseba unda gaxdes safuZveli Semdgomi qmedebebisTvis:

• Senoba stabilizebul unda iqnas adamianTa dasacavad, Semdgomi zianis Tavidan asacileblad da samaSvelo samu-Saoebis CatarebisaTvis, mniSvnelovani nivTebisa Tu ko-leqciebis gadasarCenad da nagebobis mdgomareobis de-taluri SefasebisTvis. miwisZvris Sefasebis gamocdili specialistebi unda iyvnen mowveulni negebobis gamZleo-bis da konstruqciuli sistemebis stabilurobis dasa-dastureblad. dazianebis albaTobis minimizaciis mizniT Semdegi Zalisxmevaa saWiro: dazianebuli kedlebi da kon-Zalisxmevaa saWiro: dazianebuli kedlebi da kon- saWiro: dazianebuli kedlebi da kon-saWiro: dazianebuli kedlebi da kon-: dazianebuli kedlebi da kon-dazianebuli kedlebi da kon-azianebuli kedlebi da kon-struqciuli elementebi bijgebiT unda gamagrdes, xolo Riobebi saimedod dacul iqnas vandalizmis da ukanono SeRwevis da qurdobis aRsakveTad.

• miwisZvris negatiuri Sedegebia mosagvarebeli, kerZod: RorRi da nangrevebi unda iyos frTxilad mocilebuli dazianebuli nivTebis an kazmulobis saSvelad. aRdgeniT samuSaoebs unda axldes mdgomareobis mudmivi fiqsaciaSaoebs unda axldes mdgomareobis mudmivi fiqsaciaaoebs unda axldes mdgomareobis mudmivi fiqsacia _ aRnusxva.

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• unda ganxorcieldes mdgomareobis detaluri Sefaseba. Tu SesaZlebelia TvaliT uxilavi mdgomareobac unda in-axos, oRond aradestruqciuli teqnikis gamoyenebiT.

• dasawyebia nivTebis gadarCenis samuSaoebis aRwera da da-zianebuli elementebisa da konstruqciis sakonservacio RonisZiebebi. konstruqcia, faseuli artefaqtebi da in-ventari, maT Soris gadmovardnili, dazianebuli an ganad-gurebis piras myofi unda iyos dafiqsirebuli fotokame-riT an CanaxatiT. nebismieri moZravi erTeuli frTxilad unda iyos gatanili konservaciis specialistTa zedamxed-velobiT usafrTxo adgilas da Cautardes konservacia sa-Wiroebisda mixedviT. Zeglis da dazianebuli teritoriisZeglis da dazianebuli teritoriis da dazianebuli teritoriisda dazianebuli teritoriis dazianebuli teritoriisdazianebuli teritoriis teritoriisteritoriis gawmendisa da Camonaqcevis mocilebis mcdelobas mud-mivad Tan unda axldes aRnusxva-fiqsacia.

• usafrTxoebis saxanZro gangaSis da cecxlTan brZolis mowyobiloba unda dainstalirdes da gaaqtiurdes. Zali-an mniSvnelovania memkvidreobis obieqtis usafrTxoebis sistemis swrafi aRdgena, radganac igi momdevno kata-strofis mimarT yvelaze naklebad mdgradi swored ax-laa.

• mosamzadebelia dazianebuli konstruqciis rekonstruq-ciis an SekeTebis gegmebi. Semdgomi nebismieri saxis sam-Seneblo samuSao _ maT Soris SekeTeba, rekonstruqcia an daSla _ unda Catardes mxolod konservaciis speciali-stebTan konsultaciis da miwisZvrisgan moyenebuli za-ralisa da maTi Sedegebis eqspertuli Sefasebis Semdeg.

magaliTi: National Trust-is sagangebo procedurebi istoriul saxlebSi

istoriulad RirsSesaniSnavi an bunebrivad mSvenieri adgilebis erovnulma fondma (National Trust for Places of Historic Interest of Natural Beauty) (inglisi) 1980-ian wlebSi SeimuSava Senobis gaZRolis direqtivebi, romelnic daexmareboda National Trust-is kuTvnili obieqtebis menejerebs sagangebo viTarebaSi uzrnvelyoT adekvaturi

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procedurebi. Tavidan Trust-is mravalprofesiuli per-sonalis samuSao jgufis mier damuSavebul dokumentsSavebul dokumentsavebul dokumentskumentsuments didad waadga dawvrilebiTi redaqtireba, rac 1992 wlis apparkis gamanadgurebel xanZars moyva. sagangebo viTarebaSi procedurebis saxelmZRvanelo Cafiqrebul iqna rogorc samuSao dokumenti, romliTac ixelmZRvanelebda personali mzadyofnis gaumjobesebisas, droTa gan-mavlobaSi dagrovebuli gakveTilebisa da gamocdilebis gaTvaliswinebiT. radganac organizaciebi Tavs ikaveben aseTi detaluri proceduruli direqtivebis Seqmnisagan, im mizeziT, rom maT sagangebo situaciisas aravin waikiTxavs, National Trust-i miiCnevs, rom personalisTvis mniSvnelovania mTeli masalis winaswar gacnoba, rac sayuradReboa maTi individualuri rolisTvisac. dokumenti Sedgenilia isto-riuli SenobebisTvis gankuTvnili ̀ sagangebo procedurebis~ ZiriTadi instruqciebis mixedviT, is ki Secavs Semdeg seqciebs: sagangebo dagegmarebis pasuxismebloba, gadaudebeli sagangebo reagirebis tipi, rolebi (memkvidreobis obieqti, regionaluri ofisi, mTavari ofisi), personalis movaleobebi, sakomunikacio xazebi da urTierT kavSiri. am ZiriTad birTvs axlavs detalizebuli damatebebi, maTTad birTvs axlavs detalizebuli damatebebi, maTad birTvs axlavs detalizebuli damatebebi, maT Soris National Trust-is SenobebisTvis sagangebo viTarebis gegmis Sedgenis ZiriTadi principebi, sagangebo mxardaWeris jgufebis wvrTnas, sagangebo viTarebaSi xsnisa da dacvis ZiriTadi principebi (gansxvavebuli ama Tu im masalisa da nivTis, Tu im viTarebis mixedviT, romelSic isini aRmoCndnen). presasTan da mediasTan urTierTobas, zogad gamafrTxilebul zomebs wyaldidobebTan dakavSirebiT da obieqtis marTvis ierarqiaSi 24 gansxvavebuli TanamdebobisierarqiaSi 24 gansxvavebuli TanamdebobisrarqiaSi 24 gansxvavebuli Tanamdebobis mqone piris valdebulebebis detalur aRwerilobas. ICOM-is katastrofebisTvis mzadyofnis saxelmZRvanelos msgavsad (ICOM’s Guidelines for Disaster Preparadness) National Trust-is dokumenti saxavs integrirebul midgomas riskisTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxSi, romelSic kulturulimzadyofnis sakiTxSi, romelSic kulturulizadyofnis sakiTxSi, romelSic kulturuli memkvidreobis keTildReobis Tanadroulad adamianTa sicocxlis, sakuTrebisa da garemosTvis zrunvis sakiTxe-sakiTxe-bia integrirebuli. integrirebuli.integrirebuli..

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damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:National Trust for Places of Historic Interest of Natural Beauty36, Queen Anne’s GateLondon �WIH 9A�,United Kingdom

Tel: (+44-171) 222-9251Fax: (+44-171) 222-5097

Internet: http://www.u�index.co.co/nationaltrust

magaliTi: riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis rukarestavraciis centraluri instituti

�Instituto Centrale per il Restauro), italia

inovaciuri midgoma kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebisadmi gatarebul iqna italiis re-stavraciis centraluri institutis mier. wamowyebis Tao-sani iyo institutis erT-erTi direqtori, rio baldi, rom-lis mizani iyo gadaudebeli prevenciuli zomebis winaswar gansazRvra garemo pirobebTan mimarTebaSi, romelSic gan-Tavsebulia italiis kulturuli memkvidreoba da arse-buli prevenciuli zomebis dro/xarjismieri efeqtiuro-bisas. italiuri kulturuli memkvidreobis mniSvnelobis da misi konservaciisTvis limitirebuli dafinansebis ga-TvaliswinebiT, proeqti aris cda gazardos italiis samTa-vrobo uwyebebis unari, umetesad ki Tanxebi mzadyofnis im RonisZiebebisadmi mimarTos, romelic memkvidreobisTvis yvelaze metad sasikeTo unda iyos.

proeqti ganviTarebis ramdenime fazas moicavs. pirveli faza gulisxmobs monacemebis Segrovebas im garemosmieri riskis Sesaxeb, romelic SeiZleba daemuqros kulturul memkvidreobas, raTa Sedgenil iqnas Tematuri rukebi sxva-dasxva riskis Semcveli raionebisTvis, bunebrivi iqneba es (seismuri, vulkanuri, wyalmovardnis, haerdabinZurebuli da a.S) Tu adamianismieri (qurdoba, vandalizmi, turiste-bis momZlavreba da a.S). aq Semotanilia aseve municipaluri

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monacemTa bankebis informaciac kulturuli memkvidreobis ganfenis Sesaxeb, rac iZleva riskis faqtorebis moWarbebu-li zemoqmedebis arealebis gamoyofis saSualebas.

meore faza moicavs, jer erTi, kulturuli memkvi-dreobis sxvadasxva obieqtis da gamoxatulebis detalur Tu maTi naklebi mdgradobis, aseve meorec, maTi ama Tu im mdgomareobis analizs (qvis cveTa, garemo dabinZureba da klimatis kontroli). am fazis mizania droSi Seamowmos ama Tu im garemoSi rRvevis buneba da xarisxi da gazardos rukebze datanili riskebis windawin gansazRvris sisuste.

analizis damabolovebeli faza moicavs kompiuteruli teqnikis moSveliebiT sinTezis monacemebis, kulturuli memkvidreobis Rirebulebis mqone aRiarebuli erTeulebis ganfenisa da met-nalebi mdgradobis, aseve maTi Tanmxle-bi risk-faqtorebis Sesaxeb; yovelive rukis formiTaa mo-tanili. sacdeli proeqtebi, romlebic Sesrulda romSi, neapolsa, ravenasa da turinSi, ganxorcielda Sesabamisi meTodologiisa da kompiuteruli sistemebis testirebis mizniT.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:Instituto Centrale per il RestauroPia��a �an Francesco di Paola 9I- 00184 Rome, Italy

Tel: (+39-06) 488-961Fax: (+39-06) 481-5704Internet: http://www. aec2000.it/aec2000/projects/ris�map

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Tavi 7wyaldidoba

kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis riskisTvis mzadyofnis strategiis

SemuSaveba

7.1 ZeglisTvis zianis miyeneba

wyaldidobam SeiZleba gamanadgurebeli pirdapiri da ara-pirdapiri ziani miayenos sakuTrebasa da kulturul mem-kvidreobas. wyaldidoba mravali formiT gvevlineba, mag., nel-nela adidebadi mdinare, romelsac avsebs misi Sena-kadebidan movardnili Rvarebi, rac aiZulebs mosaxleobas aagon jebirebi da qviSis tomrebis samagri wylis Sesakave-blad, magram Tu ki wyalma Semakavebeli sistemebi gaarRvia, Cveulebriv sveldeba SenobaTa saZirkvelebi da qveda sar-Tulebi da Senobebi sakmao xniT nestiandeba. aris SemTxveva, rodesac mdinaris jebirebis an kaSxlis moSlisas uecrad gamonTavisufldeba xolme gamanadgurebeli aRvirebi. maSin wylis nakadi grigalisebri siswrafiT movardeba xolme da wamebSi angrevs Senoba-nagebobebs da dgeba dangrevis da ga-nadgurebis saSiSroeba.

sinestisgan moyenebuli ziani SeiZleba iyos gamowveuli Senobis SigniT wyalgayvanilobis dacilebuli an gatexili milebidan an nagavgayvanilobis sistemis gaJonviTac. vinaid-an wylis milebi ZiriTadad kedlis an iatakis SigniT aris moTavsebuli, gaJonvis SemCneva maSinRa SeiZleba, rodesac faruli sineste gaaZlierebs xis lpobasa an kedlebisa Tu Weris baTqaSs Seasustebs.

wyaldidobisgan zianis mravali saxe arsebobs:

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•nagebobebis da maTi SigTavsis:

o Senobis da maTi nawilebis ngreva an daZvra wylis nakadis mowolis Sedegad;

o Semdgom, wylis nakadma SesaZloa gamoiwvios niadagis erozia nagebobis axlos, an saZirkvlis jdoma, rasac kv-lav Zvra moyveba;

o wyaldidobam SeiZleba gamoiwvios sustad damagrebuli konstruqciebis daSoriSoreba (mag., terasebi, kibeebi, sawvavis konteinerebi da a.S.) da isini Tavisuflad md-gari obieqtebis (manqanebis, sayofacxovrebo nivTebis da a.S.) SeiZleba wyalma waiRos. ase gaCenilma nangrevebma SeiZleba dajaxebiTa Tu gadaxexviT daazianos Senobebi;

o SenobaTa sardafebSi moTavsebul sayofacxovrebo mowy-obilobebs, rogorebicaa sawvavis konteinerebi, Rume-lebi, eleqtro momaragebis sistemebi da sakontrolo panelebi SeiZleba daitboros, wyobidanac gamovides da miudgomelic gaxdes;

o wyaldidobam agreTve SeiZleba gamoiwvios sufTa da fekaluri wylis Sereva; wyali dabinZurdeba, fekalurifekaluri masebi SeaRwevs nagebobaTa SigniT da adamianebis jan- SeaRwevs nagebobaTa SigniT da adamianebis jan-mrTelobas Seuqmnis safrTxes;afrTxes;;

o wyalma da sinestem SesaZloa gansakuTrebuli ziani mi-ayenos nivTebs, inventars, avejs, koleqciebs, biblioTe-kebs da saarqivo Canawerebs; maTma zianma SeiZleba moi-eba moi- moi-tanos danakargi, dacalkaveba, Tavisi adgilsamyofelisa Tu konteqstidan mowyveta; liTonis daJangva da koro-zia; kazmulobis, saRebavisa da zedapiris daSla; wyobisulobis, saRebavisa da zedapiris daSla; wyobislobis, saRebavisa da zedapiris daSla; wyobis kirxsnaris erozia da wyobis forebSi wylisgan gamowveu-li sibinZuris dagroveba; xis da organuli masalis gam-rudeba, daSoriSoreba, dabzarva da lpobis gamowveva; wyals Semoyolili qimikatebis da mikroorganizmebis da-leqva da maT mier wabilwva.

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•istoriuli raionebis:

o daziandes maTi Semadgeneli nagebobebi da obieqtebi, imgvarad, rogorc zemoaRwerili Senobebi da maTi Sig-zemoaRwerili Senobebi da maTi Sig-emoaRwerili Senobebi da maTi Sig-ebi da maTi Sig- da maTi Sig-Tavsi;

o mTlianad an nawilobriv ganadgurdes municipaluri mom-saxureba, maT Soris eleqtro, samomxmareblo gaziT, sas-meli wyliT momaragebis, sakanalizacio da sakomunika-cio sistemebi;

o daziandes an ganadgurdes municipaluri transportis infrastruqtura, gzebi da xidebi; aseTma saxis dazian-ebebma SesaZloa Seaferxos sagangebo reagirebis trans-ma SesaZloa Seaferxos sagangebo reagirebis trans-a SesaZloa Seaferxos sagangebo reagirebis trans-portis moZraoba dazianebuli adgilebisken.

• kulturul landSaftsa da arqeologiur teritoriebze, zemoT aRwerili problemebis garda:

o ganadgurdes an potenciurad moiSalos landSaftebisad moiSalos landSaftebisd moiSalos landSaftebis elementebis da Taviseburebis ganmsazRvreli niSnebi, rogoricaa xeebi, gzebi, mindvrebi da saparko sistema, galavnebi da a.S;

o landSaftis funqcionirebiT daiZras gzebis safari da sanapiro zolebi, danaleqis Slam gamoiwvios talaxi, ga-gamoiwvios talaxi, ga- talaxi, ga-daadgildes wylis zedapiri da a.S;zedapiri da a.S; da a.S;

o daileqos wyaldidobis narCenebi, xeebi, qalaqebidan da soflebidan Camorecxili masalebi (avtomobilebi, Seno-baTa konstruqciebi, nivTebi da sxva).

7.2 wyaldidobisTvis mzadyofnis stategiis Camoyalibeba

wyaldidobebisTvis mzadyofnis strategiam SesaZloa Seamciros kulturuli memkvidreobis potenciuri dazi-aneba. igi moiTxovs kargad integrirebul Zalisxmevas rogorc wyaldidobis kontrolsa da sagangebo reagirebaze pasuxismgebel, aseve kulturul memkvidreobaze pasuxis-

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mgebel pirTagan. erToblivi ZalebiT maT unda SesZlon awondawonili strategiis SemuSaveba adamianTa sicocxlis, sakuTrebis da memkvidreobis dasacavad.

7.2.1 strategiis ganviTarebis pasuxismgebloba

wyaldidoba, miwisZvrisgan gansxvavebiT, katastrofaa romlis sixSiris winaswar dadgena SesaZlebelia da romlis Sedegebic SeiZleba iyos Serbilebuli winaswari dagegmviT. dasaxlebebs, romlebic potenciuri riskis qveS arian, xSirad aqvT sagangebo samsaxuri, romelic pasuxismgebelia wyaldidobebisgan dacvaze. miuxedavad amisa, aSkaraa, rom katastrofebma, romelnic moxda, mag., holandiaSi, aSS-Si, misisipis mdinaris gayolebaze, md. oderze poloneTSi da germaniaSi, daadastura, rom eqstremalur mdgomareobaSi kargad momzadebuli dasaxlebebic ki verafers gaxdnen katastrofis winaSe. aseve, saguenais wyaldidobam kvebekSi,m kvebekSi, kvebekSi, gvaCvena, rom kataklizmur wyaldidobas advilad SeuZlia gabaTileba kargad momzadebuli sagangebo personalisa da reagirebis gegmis.

rogorc wesi, municipalitetebi yuradRebas amaxvileben wyaldidobis prevenciisa da misgan dacvis zomebze mTeli dasaxlebis masStabiT da ara calkeuli Senobebis dacvis zomebze. erTi romelime nagebobisTvis gankuTvnili zomebi SeiZleba miRebuli iyos ganaxlebisas, radgan Tanamedrove samSeneblo kanonmdebloba zogadad iTxovs Senobebis modernizacias sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis yvela as-peqtis (xanZar da miwisZvris sawinaaRmdego, xolo sadac amis saSiSroebaa, wyaldidobis sawinaaRmdego) axlandelSroebaa, wyaldidobis sawinaaRmdego) axlandelroebaa, wyaldidobis sawinaaRmdego) axlandel standartebTan Sesabamisobas.

kulturul Zeglebze, TviT wyaldidobisTvis kargadZeglebze, TviT wyaldidobisTvis kargad, TviT wyaldidobisTvis kargad momzadebul dasaxlebebSic, maTze pasuxismgebloba un-da daekisros erT pirs an jgufs, romelic mudmivad SeZlebs obieqtze wyaldidobisgan dacvis RonisZiebaTa meTvalyureobas. obieqtis wyaldidobisgan dacvis moxelem (SeiZleba xanZris, miwisZvris da zogadad kataklizmebisTvis mzadyofnaze pasuxismgebelic iyos) unda mWidrod iTa-namSromlos municipalur da saxelmwifo moxeleebTan obieqtis, misi mosaxleobisTvis, SigTavsisa da memkvidreobis

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RirebulebebisTvis Sesaferisi wyaldidobisgan dacvis stra-tegiis Camosayalibeblad.sayalibeblad.. 7.2.2 strategiis elementebi

wyaldidobebis maRali riskis zonebSi yuradReba eq-ceva wylis Sesakaveblad jebirebis da miwayrilebis mom-zadebas. es mcdeloba mxolod nawilia obieqtebis mem-kvidreobis calkeuli wyaldidobebisTvis mzadebis stra-tegiisa. wyaldidobebisgan dacvis strategiam unda ga-amaxvilos yuradReba wyaldidobis gamomwvevi mizezebis kontrolirebaze. strategia aseve unda Seicavdes zomebs, romelnic waadgeba:

o wyaldidobis mimarT memkvidreobis calkeul obieqtTa gazrdas;

o wyaldidobis aRmoCenisa da monitoringis gaumjobesebas; da

o Sesabamisi reagirebis adgilobrivi gegmis SemuSavebas.

strategia unda sTavazobdes usafrTxoebis iseT gzebs, romlebic gaiTvaliswinebs memkvidreobis Rirebulebebs, Tan ki wyaldidobisgan dacvis zomebsac gaaumjobesebs.

wyaldidobisgan dacvis sruli da efeqturi strategia memkvidreobis obieqtisTvis unda iTvaliswinebdes iseT sakiTxebs, rogoricaa riskis Semcireba, wyaldidobis mi-marT gamZleobis gazrda, wyaldidobis prognozirebis da aRmoCenis srulyofa, reagirebis dagegmva.

es sakiTxebi detalurad qveviTaa ganxiluli.

7.2.� riskis Semcireba

o memkvidreobis calkeuli obieqtebisTvis dasaxlebebze da maT Semadgenel nagebobebze wyaldidobis zemoqmede-bis Zalisxmeva unda iTvaliswinebdes:

o saxuravebis, wyalsadinari Rarebis da sadrenaJo sisteme-bis movlas;

o SesaZleblobisdagvarad xifaTis Semcveli funqciebi (e.i. iseTi, ramac didi albaTobiT SeuZlia moutanos ziani adamianTa sicocxles, qonebasa da memkvidreobas) maRali

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riskis zonebis gareT iqnas gatanili;

o mTliani dasaxlebis masStabiT damcavi jebirebis an mi-wayrilebis gaZliereba; da

o regionis masStabiT wylis menejmentis zomebis miReba, rom moxdes wylis specialur SemkrebebSi mimarTva.

•istoriuli obieqtebisTvis:

o calkeuli Senobis wyaldidobisaTvis mzadyofna moiT-xovs maRali donis regularul movlas, raTa Senobas yo-velTvis SeeZlos gauZlos wyaldidobas;

o eleqtro makontrolirebeli panelebis da gadamrTvele-bis da HVAC kontrolis meqanizmebi moTavsebuli unda iyos wylis savaraudo donis maRla; aseTi sistemebis advilad dazianebadi komponentebi SenobaSi yvelaze ma-RaldasaSveb wertilebze unda iyos moTavsebuli;

o Rirebuli nivTebi qveda sarTulebze mudmiv iatakidan maRla unda iyos moTavsebuli; mosafiqrebelia, xom ar ajobebs maT zeda sarTulebze Senaxva.

7.2.4 wyaldidobisas nagebobis gamZleobis gazrda

• Zalisxmeva mimarTuli unda iyos Senobis da misi komponentebis wyaldidobis dros gamZleobis gaZlierebaze,dros gamZleobis gaZlierebaze, gamZleobis gaZlierebaze, saamisod unda moxdes:

o eqstremaluri wyaldidobis dros Senobis medegobis gaa-nalizeba da Sesabamisi reagirebis zomebisTvis momzadeba (mag., Riobebis damcavi safarvelebis momarageba; nagebo-bisTvis jebirebis asagebad masalis gamoZebna) wylis SeR-wevis SesaZleblobis Sesamcireblad;

o konstruqciuli sistemebis gamyareba (nagebobisa da sa-Zirkvelis kavSiris da saZirkvelisa da niadagis kavSiriskavSiris da saZirkvelisa da niadagis kavSirisavSiris da saZirkvelisa da niadagis kavSiris gaZliereba).

Zeglebze konstruqciebis gamyarebis, SeuRlebaTa gaZ-lierebis da gareT gamavali Robeebis dacvis zomebi iseTi

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unda iyos, rom minimalurad axdendes zemoqmedebas obieqtis memkvidreobismier Rirebulebebze.

7.2.5 wyaldidobis aRmoCena da monitoringi

saamiso qmedebebi unda Secavdes:

o Zalisxmevas wyaldidobis mosalodneli movardnisa da SesaZlo intensivobis adekvatur prognozirebas;

o mdinareTa sistemebis gaswvriv monitoringis sadgurebis damontaJebas; mcire masStabis avtomaturi meteorolo-giuri sadgurebis mowyobas, romlebic moaxdenen nale-qianobis donis monitorings; integrierebuli analizis da sakomunikacio sistemebis gamoyenebis uzrunvelyo-fas, raTa moxerxdes mosalodneli wyaldidobis movard-nisa da intensivobis Sesaxeb winaswar gafrTxileba; da

o wyaldidobis intensivobis da mdebareobis dasadgeni usafrTxo, gamZle sistemebis da informaciis gadacemis uzrunvelyofas sagangebo reagirebis centrebisTvis.

7.2.6 wyaldidobaze reagirebis dagegmva

unda moiTxovdes im zomebs, romlebic daexmareba mosax-leobasa da sagangebo reagirebis moxeleebs wyaldidobebi-sTvis momzadebaSi _ esaa:

o mosaxleobisa da wyaldidobis reagirebis moxeleTa mona-wileoba calkeuli obieqtebis da zonebis riskis gaana-lizebaSi da wyaldidobisgan dacvis saWiroebis gansaz-Rvrisas; municipaluri da regionaluri gegmebi unda mi-uTiTebdes obieqtebs da Senobebs, romlebic imsaxurebs gansakuTrebul zrunvas wyaldidobis dros;

o wyaldidobaze reagirebis detaluri gegmis Camoyalibeba;

o mosaxleobisTvis da sagangebo reagirebis jgufebisaTvis varjiSebis da wvrTnis Catareba.

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•istoriuli obieqtebisTvis reagirebis gegma unda Seicavdes:

o Senobis mtvrevadi da mniSvnelovani elementebis, romel-nic sagangebo yuradRebas imsaxurebs, nivTebis da gamar-Tulobis aRwerilobasa da dokumentacias (SesaZlo gada-tanas da konservaciasac) wyaldidobamde an mis Semdeg;

o adgilze gadarCenis, dacvis da restavraciisTvis adekva-turi raodenobis masalebis momaragebas;

o sagangebo usafrTxo sacavi adgilebis gamonaxvas, sadac Seinaxeba gadmotanili obieqtebi da moxdeba danestia-nebuli masalebis konservacia (gayinvis saSualebebis Ca-TvliT);

o mcdelobas, raTa sagangebo reagirebis operaciis dros misawvdomi iyos konservaciis gawafuli da gamocdili specialistebis (arqiteqtorebi, inJinrebi, mgegmavebi, arqeologebi, istorikosebi da a.S.), xelosnebis da mSe-neblebis, adgilobrivi pasuxismgebeli pirebis maSveli razmi, raTa moxdes Sefaseba, stabilizacia da saresta-vracio Carevebis dagegmva;

o wyaldidobisgan dacvis wvrTnis uzrunvelyofas, romel-mac unda SeagrZnobinos moxeleebs memkvidreobis nagebo-baTa da obieqtebis bunebis aRqmaSi da maTdami Sesabamisi zrunvis aucilebloba.

obieqtis wyaldidobisgan dacvis strategia unda iyos mudmivi monitoringisa da ganxilvis sagani, raTa moxdes Se-saZlo gaumjobesebis identifikacia.

mniSvnelovania, rom wyaldidobisgan dacvis strategia xistad ar unda gamoiyenebodes. dadgenili zomebis paketi unda pasuxobdes usafrTxoebis da stabilurobis ZiriTad moTxovnebs, amasTan, rac SeiZleba naklebi zarali unda mia-dges istoriuli obieqtis Rirebulebebs. samSeneblo cvli-lebebi im minimaluri odenobisa unda iyos, rac aucilebe-lia wyaldidobisgan dacvis misaReb donemde asayvanad.

wyaldidobisgan dacvis strategia calkeuli obieqtebi-sTvis unda pasuxobdes adamianebis, memkvidreobis obieqtisa Tu sagnebis usafrTxoebis yvela standarts, rac SeiZleba

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naklebad azaralebdes memkvidreobismier Rirebulebebs da rac SeiZleba nakleb xarjebs moiTxovdes.

7.3 strategiis Camoyalibeba: dagegmva da teqnikuri zomebi

es Tavi gvTavazobs specifikur gegmarebiTsa da teqnikur zomebs, romlebic sasargeblo iqneba wyaldidobisgan dacvis strategiis SemuSavebisas. isini SeiZleba Zeglebisa da memkvidreobis obieqtisTvis specifikuri seismodacvis strategiis SemuSavebisas miaxloebiT kiTxvarad moviSve-lioT.

7.�.1 riskis Semcireba

wyaldidobisgan miyenebuli zianis riskis Sesamcireblad mimaruli Zalisxmeva SesaZloa mniSvnelovani iyos wyaldi-dobisgan dacvis strategiisTvis. igi faqtoris detalur Sefasebas unda efuZnebodes. maT Soris:

o wyaldidobebis xangZlivoba da SesaZlo sixSire;

o naklebad mdgradi adgilebis rukaze moniSvna, e.i. im zo-nebisa, romlebic daitboreba niaRvris movardnisa Tu sxvadasxva intensivobis wyaldidobis dros;

o klimatis cvlilebis zemoqmedeba maqsimalurad mokleva-dian naleqianobasa da wyaldidobebze;

o infiltracia (niadagis, qveniadagis da geologiis, se-zonuri faqtorebis da mcenareulobis) da cvlilebebi, romlebmac SeiZleba gavlena moaxdinon infiltraciaze (balaxis safaris mospoba, tyis gaCanageba, niadagis ga-nadgureba, transportis moZraoba);

o RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis topografia (wyalgamyofisgan dacileba, ferdobebi, SemaRleba, dagubebis SesaZleblo-ba);

o wylisa da wvimis zemoqmedeba kulturuli memkvidreobis

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obieqtebze, gansakuTrebiT nagebobebis argaumtaroba da elementebis pirdapiri dazianebis SesaZlebloba, agreT-ve meoradi zemoqmedebis (mag., momatebuli tenianobis gavlena) Sefaseba;

o wyaldidobis moqmedeba saZirkvelsa da qveda sarTuleb-ze, konstruqciul elementebze (kedlebi da iataki), ara-konstruqciul elementebze, mokazmulobasa da gamarTu-lobaze;

o datborili zonidan drenaJis SesaZlo gaumjobesebis Se-faseba.

am Sefasebebis safuZvelze samosaxleobisa da misi Sema-dgeneli obieqtebis dacvis gaumjobesebis mizniT Caterebu-li zomebi SeiZleba moicavdnen:

o Senobis dasacavi jebirebis, dambebis da sadrenaJo Txri-lebis mowyobas;

o wyalgaumtari fasadebis qviSis tomrebiT da amosatumbi da saSrobi saSualebebiT uzrunvelyofas;

o mniSvnelovani detalebis da artefaqtebis winaswar ga-Tvaliswinebul usafrTxo sacavebSi kontrolis qveS ga-daadgilebis dagegmvas;

o miwaTsargeblobis kontrols, miwis umarTebulo gamoye-nebis winaswar aRkveTas;

o sadinarebis da milgayvanilobis movlis kargad dadastu-rebas;

o mniSvnelovani obieqtebisa da gamarTulobis iatakidan acilebas (daaxloebiT 20 sm-is simaRleze), gauTvaliswi-nebeli wyaldidobisas dazianebis asacileblad da pirve-ladi daxmarebis misvlamde drois dasazogad;

o personalis wvrTnas dazianebuli obieqtebis (metadre wignebis) sakonservaciod gayinvisa da gamoSrobis teqni-kis asaTviseblad.

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7.�.2 wyalmovardnis sawinaaRmdego mdgradobis gaumjobeseba

RonisZiebebi Senobis wyalmovardnisadmi mdgradobis gaZlierebisTvis unda efuZnebodes nagebobis, misi kon-struqciis, saSeni masalis da teqnikis, misi evoluciis, istoriis, konservaciis, saZirkvlis drenaJis, saxuravebisa da wyalgadamyvani milebis mdgomareobis, obieqtis memkvi-dreobismieri Rirebulebebis da mis wyalmovardnisas sava-raudo moqmedebis adekvatur gaazrebas.

yvela fizikuri cvlileba wyaldidobisadmi mdgrado-bis gasaumjobeseblad dafuZnebuli unda iyos adekvatur fiqsaciaze da unda pasuxobdes adgilobrivi xelisuflebis dawyebul moTxovnebs.

fizikuri SekeTebis dagegmva gulisxmobs:

o yvelanairi SemoTavazebuli saremonto da samoderniza-cio samuSao ar unda iwvevdes istoriuli obieqtis sagu-lisxmo Tvisebebis an simrTelis dakargvas anda Tundac Selaxvas;

o Tu SemoTavazebulia Tanamedrove masalebisa da gamagre-bis teqnikis gamoyeneba, isini unda iyos Tavsebadi arse-bul masalebTan da, ramdenadac es praqtikulia, gamZle da reversiuli, Tu es pirobebi ver iqna dakmayofile-buli, gamosaZebni da Sesafasebelia alternatiuli wina-dadebebi;

o saZirkvelis da miwis zedapirTan axlos myofi nawilis wylis mimarT gamZleobis analizi, saWiroebis SemTxveva-Si _ misi modernizacia, gare drenaJis gaumjobesebis da wyalgaumtari safarvelebis gamoyenebis meSveobiT;

o saxuravebis da maTi wyalgamtarobis (maT Soris drena-Jis) Sefaseba da am sistemaTa elementebis sasikeTod yve-la saWiro zomis ganxorcieleba;

o analizi zomebisa, Tu rogor moxdes _ metadre saZirk-velisa da pirveli sarTulis doneze _ Senobis Riobebis specialuri darabebiT aRWurva an droebiTi dasaxurebis damontaJeba wylis SeRwevis Tavidan acilebis mizniT;

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o samzadisi safrTxis qveS myofi obieqtebis gadasarCenad, maT Soris mniSvnelovani obieqtebis identifikacia da ganlageba, maT Sesanaxad da gadaudebeli konservaciisT-vis adgilis gamoZebna.

wyalmovardnisadmi mdgradobis modernizaciis SesaZ-lebloba yovelTvis unda iyos gamoyenebuli Tu mzadde-ba Senobis restavraciis, gadakeTebis an gafarToebis pro-grama.

yvelanairi SesakeTebeli da gamagrebiTi samuSaoebi srulad unda iyos dokumentirebuli, raTa SesaZlebeli iyos Senobis moqcevis monitoringi da modernizacia, misi sicocxlis, usafrTxoebis da jandacvis axlandel samSe-neblo standartebTan SesatyvisobaSi mosayvanad.

7.�.� wyaldidobis prognozirebis da deteqciis sistemebi

wyalmovardnis prognozirebis saSualebebis da niaRvrebis deteqciis sistemebis SemuSaveba moiTxovs ramdenime mniSv-nelovan sferoSi mudmiv dokumentizacias:

o meteorologiuri Canawerebisa da prognozebis naleqia-nobis SesaZlo doneebis Sesaxeb;

o warsulSi mdinareTa sistemaze wylis dinebis danaleqis gavlenis codnas;

o wylis dinebisa da donis gazomva mdinareTa sistemaSi ar-sebuli monitoringis sadgurebis mier;

o wylis nakadis kontrolis zomebisa da mdinareTa siste-maSi maTi istoriuli efeqturobis Sesaxeb informacia.

7.�.4 reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba.

wyaldidobis SemTxvevaSi reagirebis gegmis samzadisi unda eTanadebodes Semdeg debulebebs:

• Zeglebis binadarni reagirebis adekvaturi gegmis Sesamu-Saveblad unda TanamSromlobdnen wyaldidobisgan dac-vis moxeleebTan. es TanamSromloba gamokveTs:

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o dauyovneblivi qmedebebis priorotetebs; o gadaudebeli reagirebis dros macxovreblebis, obie-

qtis, momxmarebelTa da reagirebis moxeleTa sake-Tebels;

o specialur zomebs mniSvnelovani obieqtebis da obieqtis inventaris identifikaciis, gadarCenisa da konservaciis mizniT;

o mdgomareobis winaswar Sefasebas, stabilizaciis aRdgena-SekeTebisa da mdgomareobis Semdgomi Sefa-sebisTvis prioritetuli saWiroebebis dasadgenad.

• adgilobrivi kanonebis Sesabamisad, unda ewyobodes wvrT-na memkvidreobis obieqtis binadarTa da personalisTvis regionis samoqalaqo Tavdacvisa da sazogadoebriv uwy-ebebTan erTad _ aRnusxvasa da gadarCenis, gadaudebe-li SekeTebis, bijgebis da sabjenebis Seyenebis, dacvis sagangebo meTodebis da praqtikis, qurdobis, cecxlis wakidebisa da sxva kriminalur qmedebaTa sawinaaRmdego uSiSroebis zomebis asaTviseblad. sawvrTnel RonisZie-bebs Tan unda erTvodes teqnikuri miTiTebebis krebulis gamocema monacemebis aRwerasa da dafiqsirebaze, agreT-ve regularuli praqtikis da varjiSebis Sesaxeb;

• gadaudebel RonisZiebaTa moxeleebma unda gaiaron wvrTna Tavisi movaleobis aRsrulebisas mniSvnelovani kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis zrunvis zomebis asaT-viseblad. aseTi wvrTna gulisxmobs kulturuli memkv-vidreobis RirebulebaTa ukeT gacnobierebas da misi konservaciisa da mofrTxilebis Sesabamisi zomebis uz-runvelyofas.

7.4 reagireba

rogorc xanZarsawinaaRmdego da seismoreagirebis, aseve wy-almovardnaze reagirebis gegmis efeqturoba didwiladaa damokidebuli winaswari dagegmarebis adekvaturobaze.

katastrofis dros mosaxleoba, personali da gadau-

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debel RonisZiebaTa moxeleni unda miyvnen winaswar momz-adebul gegmas da mis Tanaxmad imoqmedon wyalmovardnis Sesakaveblad da misi zemoqmedebis Sesarbileblad.

Semdegi kiTxvebi dagexmarebaT wyalmovardnis mimarT adekvaturi reagirebis gegmis momzadebis gamovlenaSi.

sagangebo wyalmovardnaze reagirebis personalisTvis:

SemuSavebulia Tu ara RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis wy-almovardnaze-reagirebis Tanamedrove gegmebi?

iyo Tu ara es gegmebi ganxiluli sagangebo reagirebis Sesabamis moxeleTa mier?

jerovnad iTvaliswineben Tu ara gegmaSi Setanili Ro-nisZiebebis zrunvas RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis memkvidreo-bis mier Rirebulebebze?

aris Tu ara gegma Sesrulebadi, efeqturad miwodebuli mobinadreebisaTvis, personalisa Tu sagangebo reagire-bis razmisTvis?

aris Tu ara gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebi te-stirebuli da aprobirebuli wvrTnisa da wyalmovardnis saswavlo gangaSis dros?

mobinadreTaTvis:

aqvT Tu ara mobinadreebs gacnobierebuli Tavisi pasu-xismgebloba wyaldidobis dros?

miuwvdebaT Tua ara mobinadreebs mudmivad xeli reagi-rebis gegmaze?

ramdenad nacnobia maTTvis gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZieba da ramdenad mzad arian isini maT Sesasru-leblad?

adgilobrivi sagangeboreagirebis warmomadgenlebisTvis:

memkvidreobis menejerebTan TanamSromlobiT Tu Sei-muSaves da gadasinjes pasuxismgebelma moxeleebma wy-almovardnaze reagirebis gegma?

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misaRebia Tu ara moxeleebisTvis RonisZiebebi, romelnic gansazRvravs memkvidreobis elementebis, gamarTulobisa Tu Tvisebebis mimarT yuradRebasa da zrunvas?

aqvT Tu ara sagangebo reagirebis gundis wevrebs gacno-bierebuli reagirebis gegmis RonisZiebebi da valdebu-lebebi maT Sesasruleblad?

aris Tu ara gegma misawvdomi sagangebo reagirebisas dau-yovneblivi moxmarebis da konsultaciis saWiroebisas?

7.5 aRdgena

wyaldidobis Semdeg gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mie-qces mdgomareobis dauyonebliv Sefasebas saWiro stabi-lizaciis, SekeTebis da aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis dasagegmad. analizma unda Seafasos:

SenobaSi wylis SemoRwevis adgilebis mdgomareoba da konstruqciuli sandooba;

konstruqciuli nawilebis mdgomareoba da stabiluroba;

gaumklavdeba Tu ara Senobis saxuravi, sadinari milebis da drenaJis sistema wvimas;

nagebobaSi darCenili wylis da nestis arseboba, gansa-kuTrebiT miuwvdomel adgilebSi da amotumbvis da gaS-robis saWiroeba;

konstruqciuli Tu sxva zianis Sefaseba, romelic ga-mowveulia wylis mier motanili nangrevebiT;

remontisTvis saWiro pirobebis da SesakeTebeli masale-bis arseboba;

kvalificiuri da gamocdili profesionalebis da xelos-nebis misawvdomoba, romelnic saWiroa SekeTebisa da re-stavraciis gansaxorcieleblad;

arsebiTi SekeTebisa da modernizaciisTvis eqspertuli meTvalyureobis dawesebis SesaZlebloba;

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saZirkvelis mdgomareoba; niadagis Zvris Sedegad gver-diTi sayrdenis an dasabjenis gamocla; da

mniSvnelovani artefaqtebis gatanis aucilebloba.

Tavdapirveli mdgomareobis Sefaseba unda gaxdes sa-fuZveli Semdgomi qmedebebisTvis:

• Senoba unda iqnas stabilur mdgomareobamde miyvanili, rom SesaZlebeli iyos Semdgomi zianis Tavidan acileba da samaSvelo samuSaoebis dawyeba mniSvnelovani nivTebis, koleqciebis gadasarCenad, aseve nagebobis mdgomareobis detaluri SefasebisTvis. wyalmovardnisgan dazianebu-li Senobis Sefasebisas gamocdili specialistebi unda iyvnen mowveulni, raTa dadgindes nagebobis gamZleobis da, maT Soris, eleqtro, sawvavis miwodebis da HVAC-s sistemebis simtkice, stabiluroba da sisaRe. dazianebis minimizaciis mizniT, unda miRebul iqnas Semdegi Ronis-Ziebebi: Riobebi unda daixuros da Senoba saimedod iqnas daculi vandalizmisa da Zarcvisgan.

• wyaldidobis negatiuri Sedegebis mosagvareblad dar-Cenili wyali, Slami da nangrevebi unda iqnes gatanili meqanikuri da fizikuri saSualebebiT (amosatumbi saSu-alebebi, Rrublebi, tiloebi da sxva). unda moxdes Seno-bis gamoSroba haeris nakadis da dehumilizatorebis meS-veobiT.

• unda moxdes wyalmovardniT dazianebuli Senobis mdgo-mareobis detaluri Sefaseba. Tu SesaZlebelia, TvaliT uxilavi mdgomareobac unda inaxos, oRond aradestru-qciuli teqnikis gamoyenebiT; unda ganxorcieldes sine-stis monitoringis saSualebebis dainstalireba

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Tavi 8SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebi

kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis specialuri strategiis SemuSaveba

riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis mizniT

8.1 Zeglebis dazianeba

ar arsebobs dazianebis konkretuli tipi, romelic mxolod SeiaraRebul konfliqtTan iyos dakavSirebuli. ziani da-mokidebulia iaraRis tipze, romelsac iyeneben da konfli-qtebis Tanmdev meorad zianTan (mag., xanZari da wyaldi-doba) rasac iseTive Sedegi SeiZleba hqondes, rac romelime erT an yvela bunebriv katastrofas.

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebisas gamowveuli dazianebe-bisgan Semdegi tipebia yuradsaRebi:nagebobebisa da maTi SigTavsis dazianeba;

- Senobisa da misi SigTavsis sruli an nawilobrivi dan-greva bombebis, naRmebis da maTi afeTqebiT gamowveuli xanZrisgan.

- stabilurobis an avdris mimarT gamZleobis moSla dab-ombvis Sedegad, romelic mxolod nawilobriv azianebs kedlebsa da saxuravs;

- nivTebis, koleqciebis da interieris mniSvnelovani Ta-viseburebebisa da gamarTulobis dazianeba simxurvalis, kvamlis da wvis Sedegad;

- xanZris Caqrobis dros wyliT miyenebuli ziani.

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istoriuli regionebis, kulturuli landSaftebis da arqeologiuri teritoriebisTvis:

- istoriul regionebSi, kulturul landSaftebSi, arqeo-logiur teritoriebze arsebuli Senobebis da interie-rebis dazianeba iseve, rogorc SenobebisTvis zemoaRwe-rili dazianebebi;

- landSaftis nawilebis da Taviseburebebis ganadgureba dabombvisa da misgan gamowveuli xanZris Sedegad;

- mcenareebis, cxovelebis da maTi sacxovrisis ganadgureba;

- miwaSi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mier Catovebuli naRmebis Sedegad nagebobebis da adamianebis daSavebis potenciuri SesaZlebloba.

8.2 SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebisas kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis konvencia

1899 da1907 wlebSi, haagaSi da 1935 wels, vaSingtonSi mi-Rebul iqna konvenciebi da SeTanxmebebi im wesebis gansa-sazRvrelad, romelTa mixedviT saxelmwifoebi SeTanxmdnen aRiaron da daicvan sxva qveynis kulturuli memkvidreoba. 1954 wlis maisSi miRebul iqna SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebi-sas kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis konvencia (Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Con-flict), cnobili agreTve rogorc haagis 1954 wlis konvencia.

1997 wlis 30 aprilisTvis 90 qveyana SeuerTda Tavad konvencias, xolo 77 qveyana mierTebulia oqms. kulturu-li memkvidreobis Zalze TvalsaCino danakargebma, rogori-caa 1991 wlis omi sparseTis yureSi da a.S. mTel msoflio-Si warmoSva kiTxvebi haagis konvenciis qmediTunarianobis Sesaxeb. konvenciis simbolo —„blu Sildi“ (the Blue �hield – „cisferi fari“) _ romelic gankuTvnili iyo kulturuli memkvidreobis identifikaciisa da dacvisTvis xSirad wau-bilwavT am konfliqtebis dros; misma arsebobam ver akrZala saomari Semotevebi, ufro metic, es simbolo gaxda erTgva-ri samizne maTTvis, vinc cdilobda mowinaaRmdegis banakSi

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gaenadgurebina sxvasTan erTad mniSvnelovani kulturuli simboloebi.

am uTuo sirTuleebis pirispir mravali qveynis ukmayo-filebisa da konvenciis efeqturobaze ganuqarvebeli zrun-vis Sedegad 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisSi UNE�CO-Seudga konvenciis qmediTobis Seswavlas.

1993 wlis noemberSi UNE�CO-s generalurma konfe-renciam kvlav daadastura, rom haagis konvenciis mizani da ganzraxva kvlavac marTebuli da realisturia da rom kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvisa da SenarCunebis funda-menturi principebi SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros SeiZ-leba ganxilul iqnes, rogorc Cveulebrivi saerTaSoriso samarTlis nawili. TandarTuli analizi aCvenebs, rom kon-venciis amocanebi ukeT iqneba gadaWrili misi moqmedebis efeqtiurobis gazrdis mcdelobiT, vidre zogierTi imasac sTavazobda, rom momxdariyo konvenciis axliT Canacvleba.

qvemoT moyvanilia konvenciis ramdenime debuleba, ro-melic sagangebo yuradRebis Rirsia.

1.konvencia iTvaliswinebs rogorc moZrav, aseve uZrav kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebs; konvenciis kulturuli memkvidreobis gansazRvreba mocemulia 1 muxlSi �kulturuli memkvidreobis gansazRvreba� _`warmoSobis an mesakuTris miuxedavad~_ ganmartavs:

a) moZravi da uZravi obieqtebi, romelTac didi mniSvnelo-ba aqvs yoveli xalxis kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis, rogoricaa arqiteqturuli, xelovnebisa da istoriuli, religiuri Tu saero Zeglebi, arqeologiuri terito-riebi, nagebobaTa jgufebi, romlebic mTlianobaSi sa-gulisxmoa istoriuli an xelovnebis TvalsazrisiT; xe-lovnebis nimuSebi, xelnawerebi, wignebi da sxva obieqte-bi, romlebic sagulisxmoa xelovnebis istoriuli an ar-qeologiuri TvalsazrisiT; aseve samecniero koleqciebi da wignebi, arqivebi an zemoT xsenebuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis reproduqciebi.

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b) Senobebi, romelTa mTavari daniSnulebaa Senaxva da ga-mofena moZravi kulturuli memkvidreobisa, romelic naxsenebia (a) qveparagrafSi, rogorebicaa muzeumebi, didi biblioTekebi da arqivebi da TavSesafrebi, sadac Seiara-Rebuli konfliqtebis dros daculi iqneba qveparagraf-Si gansazRruli moZravi kulturuli memkvidreoba.

g) centrebi, romlebic didi raodenobiT Seicaven kultu-ruli memkvidreobis nimuSebs, romlebic naxsenebia qve-paragrafSi (a) da (b) romelic iwodeba `Zeglebis Semcvel centrebad~.

2. konvenciis umTavresi miznebi mocemulia: muxl �Si, „kulturuli memkvidreobis dacva“ da muxl 4Si, „kulturu-li memkvidreobis mofrTxileba“. qveynebi, romlebic arian CarTulni konfliqtebSi, SeTanxmdnen mSvidobis dros moamzadon Sesabamisi strategiebi kulturuli memkvidreobis dasacavad da SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros orive mxare Tavs ikavebs kulturuli Zeglebis da misi mimdebare teritories iseTi gamoyenebisa anda mis dasacavad iseTi miznebisTvis gamoyenebis moSveliebisagan, romelTac SeiZleba safrTxe Seuqmnan mas da, meore mxriv, Tavs ikavebs amgvari obieqtebis mimarT mtruli qmedebisagan.

muxli �`maRali monawile mxareebi mSvidobianobis dros emzadebi-an maT sakuTar teritoriaze arsebuli kulturuli memkvi-dreobis SeiaraRebuli konfliqtisTvis ganWvretadi zemo-qmedebisgan dacvisTvis da iReben iseT zomebs, romlebic maT Sesaferisad miaCniaT.~

muxli 4`�. maRali monawile mxareebi ufrTxildebian kulturul memkvidreobas, romelic ganlagebulia rogorc maT sa-kuTar, aseve maT meore maRali monawile mxaris teritori-aze, Tavs ikaveben memkvidreobis obieqtebis da misi mimde-bare teritoriebis yvelanairi iseTi gamoyenebisa anda mis

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dasacavad iseTi miznebisTvis gamoyenebis moSveliebisgan, romelTac SeiZleba SeiaraRebuli konfliqtisas isini ga-nadgurebisa an dazianebisTvis gawiros; Tavs ikaveben aseve amgvari obieqtebis mimarT raime samtro qmedebisgan.

�. maRali monawile mxareebi krZalaven, gamafrTxilebel zomebs iReben da, Tu saWiroa, aRkveTen Zarcvas, datace-bas da araSesabamisad mopyrobas, aseve kulturuli memkvi-dreobis mimarT nebismier vandalur qmedebas. isini Tavs ikaveben moZravi kulturuli memkvidreobis faseulobebis gatanisgan, romlebic mdebareoben meore maRali monawile mxaris teritoriaze.

�. isini Tavs Seikaveben yvelanairi SurismaZieblobiTi qmedebisgan kulturuli memkvidreobis mimarT.~

�. konvenciis me6 muxli exeba `kulturuli memkvidreobis ganmasxvavebel markirebas~, me10 muxli_ `identifikacia da kontroli” _ gvTavazobs ganmasxvavebeli emblemis gamoyenebas mniSvnelovani kulturuli memkvidreobis identifikaciisTvis.

muxli 6me-16 paragrafis dadgenilebebis Tanaxmad, kulturul obi-eqts SeiZleba hqondes ganmasxvavebeli emblema misi gamoc-nobis gasaadvileblad.

muxli 10 `SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros sagangebod daculi kul-turuli memkvidreoba aRiniSneba ganmasxvavebeli emble-miT, romelic aRwerilia me-�� muxlSi da misawvdomi iqneba saerTaSoriso kontrolisTvis, rogorc amas adgens konven-ciis aRsrulebis wesi~.

muxli 16 exeba konvenciis emblemas da me-17 muxli _ emblemis gamoyenebas. igi dawvrilebiT gvacnobs `blu Sil-dis~ emblemis kulturuli memkvidreobis mimarT gamoy-enebis miznobriobas.

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muxli 16`�. konvenciis ganmasxvavebel emblemas qveviTken wawvete-buli faris forma aqvs, cisfersa da TeTr ferebSi (fari Sedgeba cisferi kvadratisagan, romlis erTi kuTxe qmnis faris wvers da cisferi samkuTxedisgan kvadratis zemoT, xolo maT Soris sivrces avsebs ori TeTri samkuTxedi).

� emblema SeiZleba datanili iqnas marto an ganmeordes samjer, samkuTxedad dalagebuli (erTi fari-qveviT) pirobebi ixileT me-�� muxlSi.”

muxli 17`�. samjer ganmeorebuli gansazRvruli emblema SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas saidentifikaciod mxolod:

a) sagangebod daculi kulturuli memkvidreobis uZravi obieqtis aRsaniSnavad.

b) kulturuli memkvidreobis transportis aRsaniSnavad me-12 da me-13 muxlebSi aRwerili pirobebis Tanaxmad;

g) saxeldaxelo TavSesafrebis aRsaniSnavad konvenciis aRs-rulebis wesebis Tanaxmad.

�. ganmasxvavebeli emblema erTjeradad SeiZleba gamoy-enebul iqnas saidentifikaciod:

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a) kulturuli memkvidreobis aRsaniSnavad, romelic ar aris sagangebod daculi;

b) pasuxismgebeli pirebis aRsaniSnavad, romlebsac akisri-aT kontrolis movaleoba konvenciis aRsrulebis regu-laciebis Tanaxmad;

g) kulturuli memkvidreobis dacviT dasaqmebuli persona-lis aRsaniSnavad;

d) saidentifikacio baraTebisTvis, romlebic aseve naxsene-bia konvenciis aRsrulebis regulaciebSi.

4. daregistrirebuli kulturuli memkvidreobis sagangebo dacvisa da moZravi memkvidreobis Sesanaxad gaTvaliswinebuli mcirericxovani TavSesafrebis Sesaxeb ganwesebani mocemulia me8 muxlSi `sagangebo dacvis miniWeba~ da me9 muxlSi `sagangebod daculi kulturuli memkvidreobis imuniteti~. moZravi kulturuli memkvidreobis TavSesafrebs eniWebaT imave tipis dacva, rogorc registrirebul kulturul memkvidreobas.

muxli 8. SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros moZravi kulturuli mem-kvidreobis Sesanaxad gaTvaliswinebulia mcirericxovani centrebi, romlebic moicaven moZrav Zeglebs da sagange-bod unda iyvnen daculi, Tu isini akmayofilebs Semdeg moTxovnebs:

a) unda iqnen ganlagebulni didi industriuli centrebisa an SedarebiT mniSvnelovani navsadguris, mniSvnelovani samxedro obieqtebisgan (romlebic naklebadaa saSiSroe-bisgan daculi) adekvaturi manZilis moSorebiT (mag., aerodromi, radio mauwyeblobis sadguri, racionaluri TavdacvisaTvis momuSave dawesebuleba, sagangebo an sar-kinigzo sadguri an komunikaciis mTavari xazi;

b) ar iqneba gamoyenebuli samxedro miznebisTvis.

�) TavSesafari moZravi kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis agreTve unda iyos sagangebod daculi, miuxedavad imisa,

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Tu ra gamZleobis Senobaa ( mag., Tu isea agebuli, rom nebi-smier SemTxvevaSi ar daziandeba dabombvis dros).�. sagangebo dacva kulturul memkvidreobas eniWeba maSin, rodesac igi xvdeba `gansakuTrebuli dacvis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis saerTaSoriso reestrSi~ (Inter-national Register of Culturai property under Special Protection.) aq Setana xdeba mxolod am konvenciis ganwesebaTa Tanaxmad da `konvenciis aRsrulebis regulaciis~ pirobebis dacviT.

1993 wlis generaluri konferenciis rekomendaciebis Tanaxmad, UNE�CO daukavSirda haagis konvenciis xelmom-wer mxareebs da sTxova maT ganexilaT msoflio memkvidre-obis nusxaSi Setanili memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adg-ilebis `gansakuTrebuli zrunvis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis~ saerTaSoriso reestrSi nomirebis SesaZle-bloba. dResdReobiT ramdenime saxelmwifom mimarTa UNE�-CO-s maTi kuTvnili msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis reestrSi Seyvanis TxovniT.

muxli 9`maRali monawile mxareebi uzrunvelyofen sagangebod daculi kulturuli memkvidreobis imunitets. saerTaSor-iso reestrSi misi SeyvanisTanave Tavs Seikaveben ra yvela saxis da (muxl �-is �-� paragrafiT gaTvaliswinebuli Sem-Txvevebis gamoklebiT) aseTi obieqtebis da maTi mimdebare teritoriis samxedro miznebisTvis gamoyenebisgan.~

5. me18 muxli _ ̀ konvenciis ganxorcieleba~, aRwers pirobebs, romlis drosac unda mivmarTod konvencias.

muxli 18 ` �. garda im ganwesebisa, romelic unda aRsruldes mSvido-bianobis dros, winamdebare konvencia aseve unda gamoiyene-bodes maRali monawile mxareebs Soris gamocxadebuli omi-sa Tu nebismieri sxva SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros, Tu saomari mdgomareoba oficialurad araa aRiarebuli masSi CarTuli erTi an meti mxaris mier.

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�. konvencia agreTve gamoiyeneba romelime maRali monawile mxa-ris teritoriis mTliani Tu nawilobrivi okupaciis SemTxveva-Si, ganurCevlad SeiaraRebuli Tu sxva saxis okupaciisa~. �. Tuki SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi CarTuli romelime mxare ar aris am konvenciis wevri, is Zalebi, romlebic konvenciis wevrebi arian, mainc iqnebian valdebulni daicvan igi Tavis ormxriv urTierTobaSi. Semdgom, isini valdebulni arian daicvan konvencia zemoxsenebul ZalasTan mimarTebaSic~. 6. konvenciis wevri saxelmwifoebi Tanaxmebi arian ikisron pasuxismgebloba gaavrcelon igi da angariSi warmoadginon Tavisi moqmedebebis Sesaxeb. es warmodgenilia 25e muxlSi `konvenciis gavrceleba~ da 26e muxlSi _ `Targmanebi, angariSebi.~

muxli 25`maRali monawile mxareebi, rogorc mSvidobis aseve kon-fliqtis dros, kisruloben pasuxismgeblobas rac SeiZleba farTod gaavrcelon TavTavianT qveynebSi arsebuli kon-venciis teqsti da misi gamoyenebis regulaciebi. saamisod isini, kerZod, Seitanen konvenciis swavlebas samxedro da, Tu SesaZlebelia, samoqalaqo wvrTnis programebSi, raTa maTi principebi cnobili gaxdes mTeli mosaxleobisTvis, gansakuTrebiT SeiaraRebuli ZalebisaTvis, romlebic Car-Tulni arian kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvaSi~.

muxli 26`...garda amisa, sul mcire oTx weliwadSi erTxel, isini val-debulni arian gaugzavnon generalur direqtors angariSi, romelic Seicavs maT mier Sesaferisad miCneul informa-cias im zomebTan dakavSirebiT, rac miRebulia, ganzraxuli Tu mofiqrebuli maTi Sesabamisi administraciis mier am konvenciisa da regulaciebis aRsasruleblad~.

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8.3 SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis pirobebSi kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis strategiis SemuSaveba

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis pirobebSi kulturuli memkvi-dreobis dacvis strategiis SemuSaveba unda xdebodes sax-elmwifo da regionalur doneze, calkeuli obieqtebisa da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis dacvis mdgomareobis gaumjobe-sebis mizniT. aseTi strategiebis SemuSavebisas gaTval-iswinebuli unda iyos Semdegi punqtebi:

_ yvela qmedebisa da prevenciuli zomis gegma SemuSavebu-li unda iqnes mSvidobianobis dros, samxedro Zalebis adgilobrivi xelisuflebis iuristebis da memkvidreo-bis eqspertebis urTierT TanamSromlobis Sedegad. maTi koordinireba SeiZleba iTavos konvenciis mrCevelTa erovnulma komitetma;

_ mSvidobis dros miRebuli prevenciuli zomebi unda moi-cavdes Semdeg prevenciul qmedebebs SeiaraRebuli kon-fliqtebis mier gamowveul zianTan dakavSirebiT; xanZar-sawinaaRmdego prevenciis zomebi, romelnic aRwerilia me-5 TavSi, aq aRar iqneba gameorebuli.

_ mniSvnelovani kulturuli obieqtis identifikacia da 1995 wlis haagis konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebul reestrSi Seyvana;

_ haagis konvenciis _ `blu Sildis~ _ emblemis registri-rebul kulturul obieqtze moTavseba, rogorc is gaT-valiswinebulia konvenciiT;

_ TavSesafrebis identifikacia, sadac moxdeba mniSvne-lovani moZravi memkvidreobis transportireba da dacva konfliqtis dros, rogorc es gaTvaliswinebulia haagis konvenciiT;

_ kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli Sesabamisi informaciis mogvareba da gavrceleba Seiara-Rebuli konfliqtebis SemTxvevaSi;

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_ saxelmZRvaneloebis momzadeba memkvidreobis obieqtTa menejerebisTvis da mflobelebisTvis dacvis teqnikasa da principebTan dakavSirebiT da samxedro teqnologiis evoluciis gaTvaliswinebiT;

_ pirdapiri daxmarebis gaweva registrirebul Tu mniSvne-lovan kulturul obieqtTa menejerebisTvis nagebobe-bis, misi nawilebis da nivTebis fizikuri buferebiT da damcavi saburvelebiT uzrunvelsayofad;

_ winaswar unda iyos gamorkveuli yvelaze efeqturi sa-Sualebebi memkvidreobis eqspertTa adgilze misayvanad Senobis dabombvis an ieriSis Sedegad dazianebis SemTx-vevaSi dazianebis xarisxis Sesafaseblad;

_ sagnebis Sesanaxad gankuTvnili TavSesafrebisTvis sta-biluri pirobebis, sakonservacio masalis, iaraRebis, samuSao adgilis da sagnebisTvis pirveladi daxmarebis saxelmZRvaneloebis uzrunvelyofa;

_ advilad gasagebi, ara-teqnikuri eniT samxedro perso-nalisTvis dawerili saxelmZRvaneloebis Sedgena, sadac ganmartebuli iqneba, ras niSnavs haagis konvenciis gamoy-eneba da mocemuli iqneba rukebi daculi RirsSesaniSnavi adgilisa da Zeglis miTiTebiT; da

_ samxedro Zalebis wvrTna raTa maT mWidrod iTanamSrom-lon kulturuli memkvidreobis eqspertebTan da ukeT gaacnobieron, ra qmedebebia mizanSewonili konfliqtis dros. maRali wodebis meTaurebs wvrTna unda Cautardes, romelTac Zala SeswevT konfliqtis dros gaatarebinon haagis konvenciisa Tu msgavsi SeTanxmebebis ganwesebani.

samxedro Zalebma SesaZloa moiTxovon memkvidreobis dacvis moxelis daniSvna, romelic daxmarebas gauwevs pre-venciuli zomebis miRebaSi, miRebuli zomebis aRsrulebaSi da uzrunvelyos memkvidreobis meTvalyureoba da masze zrunva konfliqtis dros. amgvari moxelis movaleobebSi unda Sediodes:

_ rCevis micema mTavarsardlebisTvis im teritoriebTan da-kavSirebiT, sadac kulturuli memkvidreoba moipoveba;

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_ samxedro moqmedebebis dros kulturuli obieqtebisad-mi frTxili mopyrobis xelSewyoba rukebis damzadebis, informaciis gavrcelebisa da wvrTnis meSveobiT;

_ sagangebo viTarebis dros daxmarebis gasawevad an ga-dasarCenad rekomendaciebis da rCevebis momzadeba;

_ istoriuli Senobebis samxedro mizniT gamoyenebis Tavi-dan acileba.

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros mniSvnelovani kul-turuli obieqtebis mdgomareobis regularuli monitor-ingi da inspeqcia unda ganxorcieldes rogorc Semdgomi qmedebis safuZveli. memkvidreobis dacvis moxeles an gamo-yofil samxedro pirebs mouxdebaT:

_ gadaudebeli rCevis micema daxmarebis, safrTxis qveS myofi sagnebis sagangebo viTarebaSi gadatanis, konser-vaciis ganawesebis gamoyenebisa da TavSesafrebis statu-sisa da gamoyenebis gamo;

_ molaparakebis warmoeba imaTTan, visganac SeiZleba xifa-Ti Seeqmnas aRricxulsa da siebSi Setanil kulturul memkvidreobas, raTa miT ufro metad gaiTvaliswinon haagis konvenciis ganwesebani;

_ saCqarod saWiro angariSebisa da dokumentaciis Sedgena dazianebuli an safrTxis qveS myofi Zeglis Sesaxeb;

_ konvenciis specialistebis transportaciis uzrun-velyofa, maTi mobilurobis gazrdis mizniT;

_ gadaudebeli SesakeTebeli samuSaoebis Tvalyuris dev-neba 1954 wlis haagis konvenciis miTiTebaTa farglebSi (muxli 5);

_ daxmareba gauwion kulturul memkvidreobaze mzrunvel adgilobriv xelisufalT dazianebuli ZeglebisTvis sa-reabilitacio gegmis SemuSavebaSi.

Sesabamisi gankargulebebis gamoyeneba kulturuli mem-kvidreobis sastik Zarcvasa an dazianebaze pasuxismgebel pirTa dasasjelad.

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Tavi 9sxva saxis safrTxeebi

kulturuli memkvidreobis ZeglebisTvis specialuri strategiis SemuSaveba

riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis mizniT.

kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebze bevrma sxva saxis bunebrivma (cunami, mewyeri, zvavi, qariSxali da tropi-kuli Stormi), Tu adamianis mierma saSiSroebam (araadekva-turi movla, industriuli dabinZureba da ubeduri SemTx-vevebi) SeiZleba uaryofiTi zegavlena moaxdinos. amgvari saSiSroebebi qvemoT naklebad detalurad aris ganxiluli, vidre wina TavebSi warmodgenili, Tumca ki, miuxedavad amisa, maTi ugulebelyofac SeuZlebelia yovlismomcveli riskisTvis mzadyofnis strategiis SemuSavebisas. am da sxva garemoebebze qvemoT visaubrebT.

9.1 cunami

cunami (anu moqcevis talRebi) aris katastrofa, romelsac sanapiro regionebisTvis potenciurad didi mniSvneloba aqvs. saSiSroebisTvis mzadebis dagegmvisas cunamis mimarT Semdegi unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli:

_ albaToba cunamis gamoCenisa ama Tu im regionSi anda mis axlo midamoebSi, ramac SeiZleba regionzec imoqmedos;

_ cunamis savaraudo simaRle da xmeleTze SeRwevadoba;

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rukaze unda datanil iqnes zonebi, romlebic SesaZloa daifaros sxvadasxva simZlavris talRebis mier;

_ regionis ama Tu im kulturuli memkvidreobis cunamis tipis talRebis mimarT mgrZnobeloba.

sanapiros dacvis SesaZlo saSualebebi cunamisgan Sez-Rudulia. erTi maTgania dartymis asarideblad sanapiros jebirebis aSeneba. Semarbilebeli zomebi ZiriTadad mimar-Tuli aris nagebobebis gaZlierebisken ganTavsebuli maRali SeRwevadobis zonaSi.

9.2 mewyerebi, zvavebi da Rvarcofebi

mewyerebi da zvavebi mTa-goriani regionebisaTvis mniS-vnelovani saSiSroebebia. isini sxva saSiSroebebs SeiZleba moyves; mewyeri xSirad wyalmovardnis dros xdeba, iseT re-gionebSi, sadac wvimis maRali procentulobaa aRniSnuli da sadac miwis zeda Sre mocilebuli an erozirebulia.

mewyerebisa da zvavebis saSiSroebisTvis mzadebis gegma unda iTvaliswinebdes Semdegs:

_ warsulSi momxdari mewyerebisa da zvavebis gavrcelebis rukebis gamoyeneba;

_ ferdobebis stabilurobis Sefaseba; niadagis fenebis tipi da Semadgenloba; da niadagis zogadi midrekile-ba damewyerebisa da Camozvavebisken (warsuli movlenebis gaTvaliswinebiT);

_ zvavebis, mewyerebis da Rvarcofebis gavrcelebis gzaze arsebuli winaRobebi; samSeneblo samuSaoebis Catareba, gareSe faqtorebi, rogoricaa wyliT gaJRenTva da seis-muri aqtivoba.

_ sistematuri agegmva im regionebisa, romelTac emuqreba saSiSroeba SesaZlo mewyerebisa da zvavebisagan.

SesaZlo damcavi zomebsa da samuSaoebs Soris aris:

o ferdobebis drenaJi da wylis infiltraciis Jonvis Seneleba;

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o samagri kedlebisa da nargavebis gamoyeneba;

o kvlevebis Catareba tyis da miwis sxva safaris funqciis ukeTesad gasaanalizeblad;

o miwis gamoyenebasa da eqspluataciaze kontrolis daweseba;

9.3 qarebi an tropikuli grigalebi (qariSxlebi, taifunebi da a.S)

Stormebi, romlebic Zlier qarebsa da didi raodenobiT na-leqebs ukavSirdeba, sanapiro zolis raionebisTvis, tro-pikuli da subtropikuli klimatisTvis arian damaxasiaTe-beli.

aseTi saxis katastrofebisTvis mzadebis dagegmvisas unda gaviTvaliswinoT:

_ Stormebis SesaZlo intensivobis da sixSiris Sefaseba. monacemebma unda aCvenos qaris siswrafe, xangrZlivoba da gabatonebuli mimarTuleba;

_ topografiuli Taviseburebebi, romlebsac SeswevT una-ri daicvan an, piriqiT, safrTxeSi Caagdon memkvidreo-bis obieqtebi;

_ safrTxis winaSe myof elementebze sxva Senobebis, mcena-reebisa an landSafturi elementebis SesaZlo (negati-uri an pozitiuri) zemoqmedeba;

_ saxuravis saburvelis da mzidi konstruqciebis adekva-turoba qaris Zalis gasaZlebad (e.i. unari SeewinaaRmde-gos qarisgan ayras, siZliere, saketebi da a. S);

_ koSkebis, Spilebis, pinaklebis, parapetebis, gumbaTebis da sxva advilad dazianebadi elementebis stabiluroba da maTi SesaZlo damatebiTi Semagreba;

_ didi, usayrdeno kedlebis identifikacia, konstruqciis gamZleobis unaris gaZliereba, sarkmlebis da Riobebis wyliT atacebuli nangrevebisgan dacva.

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9.4 adamianismieri saSiSroebani

anTropogenuri saSiSroebani moicavs vandalizms, Zarcvas, cecxlis wakidebas, asafeTqebeli saSualebebis gamoyenebas (rogoricaa molotovis kokteili) da ubedur SemTxvevebs (mag., avtoavariebi).

strategiis zomebi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas arasa-surveli SeRwevisa da maTTan dakavSirebuli zianis Tavidan asacileblad.

9.5 araadekvaturi movla

movlis dabalma donem SeiZleba gamoiwvios Senobis si-cocxlisunarianobis Semcireba da gaizardos mis mier mo-tanili saSiSroebebis albaToba. aseTi saSiSroebebia mag., aguris an qvis wyobis moSla da Camoyra, konstruqciebis da Senobis saZirkvlis ngreva (SesaZloa, makavSireblebis mo-Slam an gamouvlenelma lpobam Seasustos). memkvidreobis obieqtis jansaRi gaZRolis umTavresi elementi swored mo-vlis maRali donisTvis Tavis gadadebaa.

9.6 industriuli dabinZureba da katastrofebi.

industria warmoadgens potenciuri safrTxis wyaros. indu-stria aqtivobisas haerSi Sereul dambinZureblebs afrqve-vs, rac ileqeba an wvimis saxiT edeba Senobas da sabolood qvis daSlas iwvevs. xSirad toqsinebi mimdebare teritoriis niadagSi an wyalSi gamoiyofa. industriulma ubedurma SemTxvevebma, bolos, SesaZloa gaacamtveros ara marto is obieqti romelzec pirdapir gavlenas axdens, aramed mis mi-mdebared ganlagebuli obieqtebic.

memkvidreobis obieqtis mzadyofnis strategiis dageg-mvisas es faqtorebi unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli, miT ume-tes, Tu obieqti industriuli didi nagebobis axlos an in-dustriul dasaxlebaSi mdebareobs.

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mzadyofnis gegmam memkvidreobis calkeuli obieqtebi-sTvis unda moicvas sifrTxilis zomebi yvela SesaZlo in-dustriuli saSiSroebis mimarT. saganmanaTleblo progra-mebiT unda gaiwvrTnas jariskacebi, policielebi da yvela, vinc sazogadoebrivi uSiSroebisTvis muSaobs katastro-febze reagirebis integrirebuli strategiis gasacnobad. amas garda, wvrTnis programebma unda naTelyos konkretu-li saSiSroebani kulturul memkvidreobaze da miuTiTos Svelis Sesabamis RonisZiebebze.

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Tavi 10calkeuli ZeglisTvis gankuTvnili

mzadyofnis gegmis SemuSavebis ZiriTadi principebi

Semdegi saxelmZRvanelo principebi gankuTvnilia kultu-ruli memkvidreobis menejerebis dasaxmareblad, romlebic monawileoben TavianTi RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis mzadyof-nis gegmis SemuSavebaSi. es zomebi mimarTulia kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelovan faqto-rebze yuradRebis gasamaxvileblad, riskisTvis mzadyofnis ukve warmodgenili zogadi struqturis Sesavsebad. zomebis CamonaTvali katastrofebsa da konfliqtebamde maT dro-sa da Semdgom gamosayeneblad. dasasruls `zianis Sefase-bis kiTxvari~ sagangebo reagirebis dros mosaSveliebladaa gankuTvnili.

10.1 direqtivebi winaswari dagegmvisTvis

• dokumentacia, aRweriloba da fiqsacia

kulturuli memkvidreobis im obieqtis moniSvna, rome-lic saWiroebs gansakuTrebul mzrunvelobas sagangebo viTarebis dros.

moniSnuli obieqtebis Rirebulebebis da Tvisebebis ana-lizi.

Tanamedrove dokumentacia memkvidreobis obieqtebis (in-terieri da eqsterieri) amJamindeli mdgomareobis Sesa-xeb, romelic gamodgeba rekonstruqciisa Tu elementTa Casanacvleblad.

I I I . avamoqmedoT riskisaTvis mzaoba

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mudmivi muSaoba arqiteqtorebisa da inJinrebisaTvis mSeneblobis tradiciuli meTodebis gasacnobad, romle-bic efeqturad SeiZleba iyos gamoyenebuli reagirebis dros.

memkvidreobis obieqtze katastrofebze reagirebis, SeZ-lebisdagvarad, am gamocdilebidan gamomdinare gakveTi-lebis warmoCeniTurT.

• riskis analizi

safrTxis saSiSroebebSi, saSiSroebebis xarisxis arasak-mao mdgradoba da Sesabamisi riski;

im areTa Sefaseba, romelnic arasakmaod mdgradni SeiZ-leba aRmoCndnen avdris damazianebeli movlenebisadmi, Tanadrouli rekomendaciebiT potenciuri dazianebis Sesamcireblad;

Senobis konstruqciis sadrenaJo sistemis, wyalgayvani-lobis, gazis, eleqtroobis, telefonis da sxva gayvani-lobaTa mimarT riskis Sefaseba da rekomendaciebi sagan-gebo viTarebaSi maTi ukeT dacvis Sesaxeb;

riskis Tematuri rukebi, romlebic asuraTebs calkeuli saSiSroebebis zemoqmedebis areebs;

dazRveva riskis Sedegebis dasafaravad; dazRvevam unda dafaros yvela saxis saSiSroeba, yvela qmedeba, raTa dafaros sagangebo reagirebis davalianeba da yvela sa-Wiro sarekonstruqcio samuSao;

sagangebo viTarebis dros sagangebo reagirebis gegmis SemuSaveba mosalodneli xelmZRvaneloba-uflebamosi-lebaTa jaWvis gamokvleva;

yvela pasuxismgebeli piris mier Sesabamisi gankargule-bebis adekvaturi codnis uzrunvelyofa;

sagangebo reagirebis gundebis momzadeba (specializa-cia da resursebi); sagangebo reagirebis gundebisTvis da damxmare RonisZiebebisTvis samoqmedo bazis Seqmna (sawvavi, generatori, sagangebo ganaTebiT da sagangebo nusxebiT);

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sagangebo jgufis momzadebisas unda moxdes maTi mo-nacemTa bazis Sedgena da Senaxva (sagangebo gundis li-deri, wevrebi da maTi telefonis nomrebi, mniSvnelovani sakontaqto pirebis telefonis nomrebi, maT Soris, na-gebobis mepatronis, RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis menejeris, misi katastrofebze reagirebis moxeleebis, adgilobri-vi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis, saxanZro da poli-ciis ganyofilebebis, xelmisawvdomi eqspertebis, trans-portaciis kompaniebis da konservaciis (refrigeracia) wyalsadenis ostatis, eleqtrikosis da darajis an mee-zovis);

reagirebis gegma: prioritetebis, moqmedebis da valde-bulebis gamokvleva; samoqmedo gegma ar unda iyos xisti da ergebodes sxvadasxva pirobebsa da saWiroebebs;

yuradReba unda gamaxvildes personalis wvrTnaze. Tu personali gacnobilia reagirebis gegmis Sinaarss da iziarebs mis koncefcias, mas unari Seswevs reagirebis miTiTebebs misdios da gaswios sagangebo reagirebis gun-dis wevrebis magivroba, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac gundis romelime wevri mouxelTebeli aRmoCnda;

reagirebis gegma unda iTvaliswinebdes Sesabamis zomebs yvela mosalodneli saSiSroebis dros;

Semotanili unda iqnas memkvidreobis obieqtis reagire-bis gegmis mudmivi ganxilvisa da modernizaciis meqaniz-mi, maT Soris, mniSvnelovani informaciis sakvanZo pire-bisTvis gadacema;

unda Seicavdes RonisZiebebs (usafrTxoebis Semowmeba-sTan erTad), rom sagangebo viTarebaze reagirebis mowo-nebuli gegmebi testirebulia da yovelJam dRevandelo-bas SeTanxmebuli;

unda SemuSavdes da yovelJam dRevandelobas SeTanxmebu-li iyos gadarCenisa da konservaciisaTvis momzadebuli kvalificiuri konservaciis specialistebis nusxa.

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• qmedebani katastrofis winaswar Sesarbileblad

konstruqciebis gamaZlierebeli zomebis miReba (qariSx-lebis zonaSi saxuravebis seismuri mdgradobis);

safrTxis qveS myofi obieqtebisTvis da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis Sesanaxi adgilis transportireba da dacvis uzrunvelyofa;

wyliT dazianebuli koleqciebis gasayinad da mSrali yinuliT aRWurvil saxelosnoebSi dazianebuli obieqtis SesakeTeblad misatanad;

Serbilebis gamocdilebisa da modelebis misawvdomobis gaumjobeseba.

• finansuri CarCo

gadaudebeli saWiroebisas sagangebo dafinansebis misawv-domobis uzrunvelyofa; da

grZelvadiani dafinansebis mopoveba saWiro SekeTebisa da rekonstruqciisTvis.

10.2 katastrofisa da konfliqtis dros reagirebis ZiriTadi principebi

adgilobrivi resursebis mobilizacia-reagirebis gegmis ga-mosayeneblad. reagirebis gegmam unda gansazRvros priori-tetebi da Sesabamisi zomebi raTa:

uzrunvelyos usafrTxoeba adgilze sagangebo zomebis miRebamde;

gadaarCinos xalxi;

gaafrTxilos sxvebi, maT Soris, sagangebo viTarebaTa adgilobrivi centrebi da samaSvelo erTeulebi;

gadaarCinos piradi qoneba, mniSvnelovani kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebi da koleqciebi;

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SeZlebisdagvarad SezRudos an SeaCeros saSiSroebis gavrceleba;

dagegmos da gaagrZelos sagangebo momsaxureba.

• reagirebis sagangebo jgufebis mobilizacia.

mosvlisTanave sagangebo gundi mzad unda iyos priori-teti mianiWos Semdegs:

municipalur, regionalur da saxelmwifo doneze sagan-gebo reagirebis saagentoebTan komunikacias;

samoqmedo uflebebis da mandatis naTelyofas, adgilze banakis da kavSirebis gamarTvas. moagvaros adgilze da-binavebis da kavSirurTierTobebis sakiTxebi;

damoukidebeli konservaciis specialistebis mier unda Catardes Sefaseba da dokumentacia, raTa gairkves:

moklevadiani stabilizaciis, usafrTxoebisa da uSiSro-ebisTvis saWiro zomebi;

grZelvadiani SekeTebis prioritetebi;

danakargis da kvlav gardauvali danakargis SemTxvevebi; da

Semdgomi detaluri daTvalierebis saWiroeba.

`ziaris Sefasebis kiTxvaris~ gamoyeneba, romelic moyva-nilia seqciaSi 10.4 rekomendirebulia rogorc koleqciis sistematizaciisa da Sesabamisi informaciis organizebis saSualeba.

10.3 saSiSroebebis da konfliqtebis Semdgomi qmedebis ZiriTadi principebi

aRdgena da rekonstruqcia.

konservaciis gamosayenebeli standartebis da principe-bis gageba;

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adgilobrivi xelisuflebis uflebebis miniWebis da proeqtebis standartebis dadgenaSi monawileoba;

saganmanaTleblo da wvrTnis programebi mosaxleobis, moijareTaTvis, damproeqteblebisTvis, politikose-bisTvis da sxva dainteresebul pirTaTvis;

saWiro SesakeTebeli masalebis wyaroebisa da misawvdo-mobis, aseve momaragebaTa dadgena;

dazianebuli obieqtebis gamosayeneblad usafrTxo adgi-lebis SemosazRvra;

komunaluri sistemebis saguldagulo inspeqciis gziT dazianebuli eleqtro gayvanilobis, gazis gatexili mi-lebis, gaTbobebisa da wyalgayvanilobis, sakanalizacio da drenaJis sistemebis Semowmeba;

reagirebis gegmis, mzadyofnis sistemebis da saxelmZR-vaneloebis Semdgomi gaumjobesebisTvis rekomendaciebis efeqturobis Sefaseba.

10.4 zianis Sefasebis miaxloebiTi kiTxvari

`dazianebis Sefasebis~ winamdebare `miaxloebiTi kiTxvari~ gvaZlevs im mniSvnelovani sferoebis zogad mimoxilvas, romelTa dafarva unda iyos zianis pirveladi Sefasebis mi-zani

_ forma ivseba (vis mier):

_ obieqtis saxelwodeba:

_ misamarTi:

_ aSenebis TariRi:

_ gamoiyeneba (sacxovreblad, religiuri, samoqalaqo, an sxva):

_ aRwera (zoma, konstruqcia, masalebi, stili):

_ mflobelis saxeli:

_ pasuxismgebeli piri:

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dazianebis Sefaseba

_ dazianebis TariRi:

_ dazianebis tipi — 1: garegani dazianeba.

_ wyaro: mouvleloba, ugulebelyofa, xanZari, kvamli, wy-aldidoba, miwisZvra, SeiaraRebuli konfliqti (mcire kalibris iaraRi, naRmtyorcni, Wurvi, yumbara da sxva), Tanmdevi sxva (daazusteT) gavlena (daakonkreteT):

_ msubuqi dazianeba (saxuravi, kedeli, dekori):

_ konstruqciuli dazianeba:

_ mZime dazianeba rekonstruqciis gareSe ver iqneba gamoy-enebuli ganadgurebuli (mxolod saZirkvelia darCeni-li):

mZime dazianebis tipi _ 2: Sida dazianeba.

_ wyaro: Zarcva, vandalizmi, xanZari, miwisZvra, SeiaraRe-buli konfliqti, sxva (daakonkreteT) konstruqciuli gavlena (daakonkreteT):

_ dazianebulia Senobis interieri (kedlebi, dekori, Weri) SigTavsi moparuli an dazianebuli (tiloebi, sanaTure-bi, aveji, dekori):

_ sawyobi (gadarCenili obieqtebisTvis):

vis eniWeba pasuxismgebloba miyenebuli zianis gamo? ra mdgomareobaSia mimdebare garemo?

_ dazianebuli

_ xeluxlebeli

mopovebuli informaciis wyaroebi:

_ pirdapiri daTvaliereba

_ dokumentebi (saxelmZRvaneloebi, suraTebi, sagangebo zomebi)

_ adgilobrivi xelisufleba

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_ adgilobrivi mosaxleoba

_ TviTmxilvelebi

_ saxeli

_ misamarTi

_ mzadaa testirebisTvis?

dazianebis Semdeg Casatarebeli zomebi:

_ Sesasvlelebi limitirebulia Tu daxuruli?

_ moTavsebulia Tu ara obieqtze saSiSroebis maniSneblebi?

_ barierebi Sesvlis SesazRudad

_ gadaudebeli samuSaoebi (saxuravis gadaxurva, kedlebis da konstruqciebis gamagreba (droebiTi), gadarCenili obieqtebis transportacia)

_ SekeTeba da sarestavracio samuSaoebi

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros samarTlebrivi statusi:

_ arian Tu ara saxelmwifoebi haagis konvenciis wevrebi? Tu asea, asruleben Tu ara isini mis ganawesebs?

_ iyo Tu ara moTavsebuli nagebobebze haagis konvenciis emblema?

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Tavi 11kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis

mzadyofnis gaumjobeseba erovnul doneze

11.1 Sesavali

memkvidreobis calkeul obieqtTa menejerebis SesaZleblo-ba gaaumjobeson kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mza-dyofna didadaa damokidebuli riskisTvis mzadyofnisadmi sazogado mimarTebaze erovnul, regionalur da lokalur doneze ganxorcielebul politikasa da praqtikaze. ganxil-vis Rirsia wamZRoli pirobebis da menejmentis praqtikis urTierTmimarTeba Cvens sferoSi.

mcirea im qveynebis ricxvi, sadac konservaciis da riskis mzadyofnis sferoebi yoveldRiurad TanamSromlobs. ho-landiam ukve didi xania gamoiCina interesi kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis mimarT SearaRebuli konfliqtebisa da katastrofebis pirispir, rac aCvena haagis konvenciis mis mier mxardaWeram. Sveicariis samoqalaqo Tavdacvis fe-deraluri ofisis xelmZRvanelobam SeimuSava konfliqtebi-sa da katastrofebis kulturuli memkvidreobis dokumen-taciis da dacvis sakmaod rTuli programa, aSS-s menejmen-tis federalurma saagentom (FEMA) daiwyo aSS-s kultu-ruli memkvidreobis saagentoebTan mWidro TanamSromloba riskisTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad. ICOMO�-is da uwyebaTaSoriso jgufis mxardaWeriT ICOMO�-is komitetma kanadaSi da Sri-lankaSi wamoiwyo erovnuli mzadyofnis mo-delebis Camoyalibeba kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis, ro-melic maT gansakuTrebul garemoebebs asaxavs.

umetes qveynebSi, sadac erovnul da regionalur xeli-suflebas uflebamosileba mieniWaT daamyaron yvelasaTvis

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sasikeTo wesrigi da usafrTxoeba, sagangebo reagirebis ma-Rali Tanamdebobis moxeleebs eniWebaT ufleba daxmareba gauwion adgilobriv Seqmnil sagangebo situaciebisas. Tu erovnul da regionalur doneze ar Cans gulisyuri memkvi-dreobis saWiroebaTa mimarT, maSin maT SeiZleba zarali na-xon reagirebisa da aRdgenis viTarebaSi.

11.2 riskisTvis gaumjobesebuli mzadyofnis elementebi

mniSvnelovania, rom maT, vinc cdilobs kulturuli memkvi-dreobis mimarT damikidebulebis gaumjobesebas katastro-fis an konfliqtis dros, imuSaon sagangebo reagirebis erovnuli da regionaluri donis moxeleebis mzaobisa da unaris asamaRleblad, arsebul praqtikaSi kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvac CarTon.

amgvar mcdelobas mravali mizani SeiZleba hqondes qve-yanaSi arsebuli mdgomareobis da saWiroebis mixedviT, am miznebs Soris unda iyos:

•memkvidreobis konservaciis specialistebsa da sagangebo mzadyofnis moxeleebs Soris TanamSromlobis ganmtkice-ba Semdegi RonisZiebebis meSveobiT:

o simpoziumebis Catareba erovnul, regionalur da ad-gilobriv doneze, rac saSualebas iZleva gamoirkves specialistebs da moxeleebs Soris TanamSromlobis dadebiTi mxareebi;

o orive sferos warmomadgenlebTagan samuSao jgufis Camoyalibeba memkvidreobis da sagangebo dagegmvis sferoebis struqturuli saxiT integraciis mizniT;

o qselis Camoyalibeba, romelic gaaadvilebs ori sfe-ros specialistebs Soris urTierTkavSirs;

o katastrofis win, molaparakebebis gamarTva saxelm-wifos regionalur da adgilobriv moxeleebs Soris sagangebo viTarebaSi kulturuli memkvidreobis dac-

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visTvis reagirebis saWiro zomebis da procedurebis winaswar gansazRvris mizniT;

o Sesabamisi sakonservacio eqspertizis misawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa sagangebo situaciis dros, maT Soris eqspertTa monacemTa bazis Sedgena.

• dafinansebis gaumjobeseba kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad;

• erovnuli da regionaluri sarezervo fondebis gamoZeb-na, romelnic katastrofis dros saCqarod iqneba gamoy-enebuli mniSvnelovani kulturuli memkvidreobis sta-bilizaciis da aRdgenisTvis;

• sagangebo reagirebis meqanizmebis mxridan kulturuli memkvidreobis gaTvaliswinebis mzaobis gaumjobeseba: imis uzrunvelyofa, rom sxvadasxva xelmZRvaneli stru-qturebis wevrebs Segnebulic aqvT da dainteresebul-nic arian reagirebis imgvari zomebis SemosaRebad, rac daicavs da sicocxles gauxangrZlivebs safrTxeSi myof kulturul memkvidreobas;

• dokumentaciis iseTi resursis Sesaqmnelad mcdelo-bis gaZliereba, romelic adekvaturad uzrunvelyofs memkvidreobis identificirebas da dacvas reagirebisas, maT Soris:

o uzrunvelyofili unda iqnas, rom erovnuli an re-gionaluri saxelmZRvanelo principebi Seicavdnen kulturuli memkvidreobis aRnusxvisa da dokumenta-ciis standartebs; am mxriv Cinebuli nimuSia ICOMO�-is mier warmodgenili aRnusxvisa da dokumentaciis saerTaSoriso monacemTa integrirebuli baza, rome-lic Seiqmna Zeglebis, maTi Rirebulebebisa da maTTan dakavSirebuli riskis Sesaxeb informaciis gaziarebis xarisxis gasazrdelad;

o kulturuli memkvidreobis menejerebis, personalis da mosaxleobis wvrTnis, saswavlo masalebis da SesaZ-leblobebis gaumjobeseba, rac gulisxmobs:

o arsebuli sauniversiteto da saganmanaTleblo infra-

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struqturebis gamoyenebas kursebisa da Zeglebze sa-xelmZRvanelo principebis dasamuSaveblad, sawvrTne-li masalebis SesamuSaveblad calkeuli personalisT-vis kulturuli RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis sagangebo mzadyofnis xelSewyobis mizniT.

o sazogadoebaSi riskis qveS myofi memkvidreobis Rire-bulebis Segnebis amaRleba;

o sazogadoebrivi interesis ganviTarebis sareklamo me-qanizmebis (maT Soris video, media klipebi, xanZrisgan dacvis yovelwliuri dReebi, da a. S) SemuSavebis xel-Sewyoba kulturul memkvidreobaze zrunvis sagangebo reagirebis infrastruqturaSi integraciis gasaZlie-reblad.

11.3 kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis procesis modeli

procesis modeli, romelic mocemulia qvemoT, iTva-liswinebs kanadis mier ICOMO�-is kulturuli memkvidreo-bis riskisTvis mzadyofnis kanaduri modelis SemuSavebis gamocdilebas. rogorc arasamTavrobo organizaciam, kana-dis ICOMO�-ma SeimuSava TanamSromlobis CarCo, romelSic partniorebi ara marto moniSnaven koleqtiur strategias, aramed anviTareben sakuTar programebs TavianT sferoSi.

Tumca kanaduri modelis konteqsi samarTeblivi kana-disTvis damaxasiaTebeli urTierTobania (sadac konstitu-ciiT xdeba sakuTrebaze uflebebis dacva, rac aseve vr-celdeba kulturul memkvidreobaze) pasuxismgeblobis provinciul doneze delegirebas, ris gamoc erovnul da adgilobriv doneze struqturebs Soris koordinacia Zal-ze sustia. miuxedavad amisa, es procesi Seswavlis Rirsia nebismieri qveynis mxridan, romelic dainteresebulia kul-turuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis erovnuli CarCos gaumjobesebaSi.

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nabiji 1. erovnuli samuSao jgufis Camoyalibeba Sesaferis pirTa samuSao jgufi unda Camoyalibdes, raTa daakvalianos moxaliseTa sawyisi mcdeloba da xeli Seu-wyos am dargis gamZRol institutebsa da saxelmwifo saa-gentoebis ufro farTod dainteresebas.

nabiji 2. cxadi mizandasaxulobis gamokveTa pirveli saubrisas unda ganisazRvros cxadi, miRwevadi miz-nebi, es miznebi SeiZleba Seicvalos droTa ganmavlobaSi, rodesac kvlevebia da garemoebaTa cvlileba gansxvavebul saWiroebebs gamoaCens. nabiji �. potenciuri partniorebis gasazRvrasawyis etapebzeve Zalisxmevaa saWiro, raTa Sedges jgufebis CamonaTvali, romlebic erovnul doneze potenciurad mii-Reben monawileobas kulturuli memkvidreobis katastro-febis winaSe mzadyofnis momzadebaSi. winaswari Sexvedrebi daexmarebaT monawileebs erTobliv saqmeSi Tanaziarobis grZnobis ganviTarebaSi, amasTan ki, im jgufebis gansazR-vraSic, rac aklia saerTo msjelobas. winaswarma Sexvedreb-ma SesaZloa im partniorebis moZebnasac Seuwyos xeli, rom-lebic CaerTvebian moqmedebaSi da ufro metad iseTebisac, vinc dainteresebulia informaciis gavrcelebaSi.

nabiji 4. sacdeli proeqtis gansazRvra potenciur partniorebSi interesisa da Tavdadebis gasaRviveblad realuri moklevadiani proeqti unda SemuSavdes, raTa sxva-dasxva partniorebs mieces SesaZlebloba maTi energia swo-ri mimarTulebiT momarTon da grZelvadiani urTierTobe-bic SeimuSavon.

kanadis ICOMO�-is proeqti gaxldaT is Sexvedra, ro-melmac Tavi mouyara 70 potenciur partniors, xelisufle-bis 430 warmomadgenels erovnul Tu municipalur doneze; konservaciis sferos yvela seqtoridan, maT Soris kole-qciebis da nivTebis konservaciis specialistebs; agreTve sagangebo reagirebis sferodan. Sexvedris mizani ki azrTa gacvla-gamocvla da erovnuli forumis dafuZneba iyo.

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nabiji 5. Sesabamisi dabrkolebebis da SesaZleblobebis gamokvlevarogorc ki daiwyeba azrTa gacvla-gamocvla, Casatarebelia kvleva viTarebisa da masTan dakavSirebul gansxvavebul saWiroebaTa ukeT gasacnobad, raTa maSinaTve dasaxos dar-gSi mimdinare mTeli saqmianobis suraTi. man kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad umTavresi dabrkolebani da SesaZleblobani unda gamoavli-nos.

nabiji 6. partniorebis valdebulebis dadgenapotenciuri partniorebis da maTi samoqmedo sferos da-dgenis Semdeg unda dadgindes maTi momzadebis xarisxi ama Tu im dabrkolebis dasaZlevad an SesaZleblobebis gamo-sayeneblad.

kanadis ICOMO�-is Sexvedraze miRebuli deklaracia exeboda kulturuli memkvidreobis sapirispiro gansazR-rul garemoebaTa dabali donis koordinaciis siZneleebis da zrunvis gaumjobesebis SesaZleblobebis Segnebis Camo-yalibebas, TanamSromlobas, individualur da mosaxleobis doneze unarTa gamomuSavebas da yvelaferi amis potenciur partniorebTan dakavSirebas.

nabiji 7. partniorebis valdebulebis grZnobis gaZlierebaunda Semowmdes TanamSromlobis mTliani CarCo: aklia Tu ara partniorebi? saWiroa Tu ara regulireba?

valdebulebis grZnobis done ZiriTad partniorebs Soris, rogorc etyoba, izrdeba droTa ganmavlobaSi Tu miznebi, romlebsac isini emsaxurebian, Sefardebulia maT regularul biujetsa da gegmiur ciklebs.

nabiji 8. samomavlo msvlelobis koordinirebamniSvnelovania, rom procesis ganviTarebas kvaldakval misdevs urTierTobaTa qselis efeqturobis konsolidaci-ac (damtkicebuli proeqtebis gaziareba yvela partniors aZlevs Tavisi wvlilis Setanis SesaZleblobas), aseve yvela mimarTulebiT TanamSromlobis damyarebac.

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magaliTi: niderlandebis mTavrobis saxelmZRvanelo sagangebo situaciebisas kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis

Sesaxeb �ianvari,1991 weli�

es saxelmZRvanelo (romlis inglisuri Targmani warmodge-nilia patrik j. boilanis SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis konvenciis 1993 wlis mi-moxilvis me-9 danarTSi) warmogviCens rogor dawinaurebula niderlandebis mTavroba riskis qveS myofi kulturuli mem-kvidreobis dacvis sakiTxSi. saxelmZRvanelo SemuSavebul iqna yvela im piris da saagentosTvis daxmarebis gasawevad, vinc monawileobs kulturuli memkvidreobis sagangebo vi-TarebebSi (mSvidobianobis dros momxdari katastrofebisa Tu yvela samTavrobo doneze saerTaSoriso daZabulobis) dacvaSi. saxelmZRvanelo moniSnavs: sxvadasxva pasuxismge-beli pirebis valdebulebebs holandiis kulturuli mem-kvidreobis dasacavad. kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis inspeqtoratis (Cultural Protection Inspectorate, ICB) keTilm-owyobis, janmrTelobis dacvisa da kulturis saministros mier SemuSavebul da warmarTul CarCoSi; dasacav obi-eqtebsa da Zeglebs, agreTve im saSiSroebebs, romelTaganac aris saWiro dacva; rodis da rogoraa saWiro dacva; masTan dakavSirebul saorganizacio, praqtikul da prevenciul zomebsa da qmedebaTa dafinansebas; is moicavs kulturuli Rirebulebis mqone `umaRlesi Rirsebis 100 nagebobisa~ da `umaRlesi Rirsebis 10 obieqtis~ nusxebsac.

saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenilia saorganizacio mxare, romelic didadaa damokidebuli urTierTTanamSromlobaze provinciul, regionalur da mTavar inspeqtorats Soris. modelis gamoyeneba aseve sainteresoa finansuri Tvalsaz-risiTac, rac mdgomareobs imaSi, rom modeli naklebxarji-ania da efeqturi.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT daukavSirdeT:Ministerie van O. C. W., directie Cultureel Erfgoed Postbus 25002700 LZ, ZoetermeerThe Netherlands

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Fax: (+31-79)323-4944E-mail: [email protected]

magaliTi: kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis dacvis Sveicaruli sistema

Sveicariis kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyo-fnis gaumjobesebis erovnuli sistema erT-erTi yvelaze ganviTarebulia. mTavrobam gamoiCina gansakuTrebuli dain-tereseba integrirebuli politikis saSualebebis da me-qanizmebis CamoyalibebisTvis, kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad.

kulturuli dovlaTis dacvis sistema (PBC-la Protec-tion des biens culturels) muSaobs ramdenime doneze sxvadasxva meqanizmis erTianad amoqmedebis uzrunvelsayofad. fede-ralur doneze, sadac “�ervise de la PBC” TanamSromlobs iusticiis, policiis da samoqalaqo dacvis federalur departamentebTan; yovel kantons aqvs regionaluri ofi-si; xolo municipalur doneze PBC-is personali CarTulia samoqalaqo dacvis RonisZiebebSi, romelic funqcionirebs haagis konvenciis `blu Sildis~ emblemiT.

dacvis Sveicaruli programa Seicavs detalur rukas, romelzedac naCvenebia yvela aRnusxuli kulturuli obie-qti. rukaze gamoxatulia, rogorc qalaqis, ise soflis gar-Semo arsebuli memkvidreobis obieqtebi.

PBC romelic `blu Sildis~ simbolos egidiT muSaobs Seiqmna Sveicariis kulturuli memkvidreobis SeiaraRebu-li konfliqtebisgan ukeT dasacavad, xolo mSvidobis dros sxvadasxva damcavi zomis gasatareblad: kulturuli `dov-laTis~ dacvis sistemis momsaxurebis gaumjobeseba, doku-mentireba (sakmaod dazianebuli obieqtebisa da RirsSesa-niSnavi adgilebis sarekonstruqciod), kulturuli memkvi-dreobis inventarizaciis Catareba, TavSesafrebis Seqmna safrTxeSi myofi obieqtebisa da a.S. am RonisZiebebs mxars umagrebs mzadyofnis saxelmZRvaneloebis seriebi da wvrT-nis kursebiT.

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damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT mimarToT:Office federal de la protection civile (OFPC)�ervice de la protection de biens culturels3003 Berne, �wit�erland

magaliTi:msoflio Zeglebis fondi da msoflio

Zeglebis meTvalyureoba

msoflio Zeglebis meTvalyureobis programa dafuZvnebul iqna 1995 wels kerZo aramomgebiani msoflio Zeglebis fon-dis mier (WMF); misi mTavari mizania riskis qveS myofi Ze-glebis da arealebis aRnusxva sazogadoebis yuradRebisa da mxardaWeris mosapoveblad. WMF-is RonisZiebebs mxars uWers American Express Company, romelmac 1996-2001 wleb-Si 5 milioni dolari gamoyo nusxaSi Setanili RirsSesa-niSnavi adgilebis konservaciisTvis; am dafinansebam, Tavis mxriv, moizida TiTqmis imave raodenobis Tanxebi sxva wya-roebidan.

1996 wels msoflio Zeglebis meTvalyureobam gamosca pirveli `100 yvelaze didi saSiSroebis qveS myofi Zeglis nusxa.~ Semdegi 100 Zeglis sia gamoica 1998 wels. es nusxa Seicavda 24 Zegls wina gamocemidan. WMF ganacxada, rom amgvar gamocemas yovel or weliwadSi gaimeorebs, Sesaba-misi nusxa gamiznulia mTavrobebis stimulirebisTvis, mii-Ron saWiro zomebi safrTxis qveS myofi RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis konservaciisTvis, xeli Seuwyon mosaxleobis da adgilobrivi saagentoebis CarTvas sakonservacio saqmiano-baSi da waaqezon mosaxleobis da kerZo seqtoris mier mem-kvidrebis RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis dafinanseba.

WMF-i Camoyalibebas 1965 wels (saxelwodebiT `Zegle-bis saerTaSoriso fondi~) biZgi misca msoflio Zeglebis meTvalyureobis proeqtma da igi gadaizarda ufro farTo profilis organizaciad, romelic umTavres maxvils in-formaciis gavrcelebaze svams, rogorc safrTxeSi myofi RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebisadmi yuradRebis mipyrobis saSua-lebaze. WMF procesi moqmedebs samTavrobo CarCos miRma,

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radganac man SeuZloa zogjer CaaxSos kritika da Seayovnos reagirebis procesi. amis nacvlad sazogadoebas mouwodebs ra, mixedos dasaxelebul RirsSesaniSnav adgilebs da cdi-lobs aqeT-iqidan mopovebuli fulis SezRuduli Tanxebis SeSvelebas. programa efuZvneba sazogadoebriv interesebs. pirdapiri warmatebis xarisxis maCveneblad SeiZleba Cai-Tvalos pirvelad dasaxelebuli RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis 75%-is siidan `amoricxva~. iqneb kidev ufro mniSvnelova-nia, rom programam, rogorc etyoba, bevrad ukeT gaacno-bierebina sazogadoebas raoden intensiuria saSiSroeba, rac kulturul memkvidreobas emuqreba.

damatebiTi informaciisTvis SegiZliaT mimarToT :World Monuments Fund949 Par� AvenueNew Yor�, NY 10028U�A

Tel: (+1-212)517-9367Fax:(+1-212)517-9494Internet:http://www.worldmonuments. org

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danarTi 1. kvebekis deklaracia

ICOMOS kanada, blu Sildis (Blue Shield) Sexvedra, kvebek siti, 1617 seqtemberi, 1996 weli

kvebekis civilizaciis muzeumma umaspinZla pirvel kanadur Sexvedras kulturuli memkvidreobisa da saSiSroebisTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxebze 1996 wlis 16 da 17 seqtembers. kana-dis ICOMOS-is mier UNESCO-s kvebekis erovnuli mTavari komisiis, kanadis ICOM-is, kanadis kulturuli memkvidreo-bis departamentis da monrealis universitetis mxardaWer-iT organizebul Sexvedraze Tavi moiyara kulturuli memkvidreobis sakmaod farTo speqtris warmomadgenlebma (arqivebi da muzeumebi, konservaciis specialistTa orga-nizaciebi, arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis specialistebi) da saSiSroebisTvis mzadyofnis samoqalaqo Tavdacvis sfero-dan, raTa Seqmniliyo TanamSromlobis axleburi kavSirebi gasaumjobeseblad, romelsac bunebrivi Tu adamianismieri katastrofebi emuqreba. kulturuli memkvidreobaze zrun-vis monawileebma holandiidan, Sveicariidan, iaponiidan, yofili iugoslaviis, makedoniis respublikidan, aSS-dan, inglisidan, UNESCO-dan, ICOMOS da ICOM-is warmomadgen-lebma gauziares Tavisi gamocdileba kanadis memkvidreobis departaments, kanadis erovnuli arqivis, kanadis konserva-ciis institutis, kanadis ICOMOSis, kanadis ICOM-is, kve-bekis samoqalaqo dacvis, monrealis urbanuli dasaxlebis sagangebo viTarebebisTvis mzadyofnis qveganayofs erovnu-li dedaqalaqis, kvebekis mTavari komisiis da sxvaTa warmo-madgenlebs.

ordRian msjelobas win uZRoda 15 seqtembers Cikoutimi-sa da sagenaiis monaxuleba, mowyobili kvebekis kulturisa da komunikaciebis saministros mier. turi miznad isaxav-da zafxulis wyaldidobebisgan dazaralebuli regionebis monaxulebas da mosaxleobasTan maTi gamocdilebis Sesaxeb saubars. aseve gamocdilebis gaziarebas `kvebekis deklara-ciis~ Camosayalibeblad, romelic asaxavs monawileTa sa-ziaro Sexedulebebs im sirTuleebsa da SesaZleblobebze,

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rac axlavs mocemul sferoSi mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis mcdelobas. moSveliebul iqna aTiode saerTaSoriso, Tu erovnuli masStabis samuSao Sexvedris Sedegebic.

Sexvedra pirveli didi nabiji iyo kanadis ICOMOSis mier ICOMOS International-is mowodebaze (blu Sildis iniciativis konteqsSi) ICOMOS-is erovnul komitetebis mimarT, nacio-nalur doneze SeemuSavebinaT riskis qveS myof kulturul memkvidreobasTan mimarTebaSi TanamSromlobisa da azrTa gacvla-gamocvlis modelebi. saboloo sxdomas Tavmjdo-mareobda roland aprini, kvebekis civilizaciis muzeumis direqtori. monawileebma miaRwies konsensuss deklaraciis muxlebis Taobaze. UNESCO-s kulturuli memkvidreobis ganyofilebam gansakuTrebuli daintereseba gamoiCina aR-mouCinos kanadis ICOMOSs mxardaWera, `kanaduri model-is~ ganviTarebisTvis, rom man SeimuSaos `kanaduri modeli~, raTa misi morgeba SeiZlebodes msoflios nebismieri qveynis amgvaradve rTuli kanonmdeblobiTi konteqstisTvis.

kvebekis deklaracia

vaRiarebT ra Semdeg gamowvevebs arsebul da mzard safrTxes rogorc kanadis, aseve msofli-os kulturuli memkvidreobis mimarT, rom Zeglebi sul ufro naklebad mdgradia maTi arsebobisaTvis saziano katastrofebisa da sxva movlenebisadmi;

sagangebo viTarebebis dros kanadis kulturuli memkvi-dreobis dacvisadmi zogadad sust mzadyofnas saxelmwifos mxridan;

administraciuli winaRobebis arsebobas, romelic zRu-davs efeqtur TanamSromlobas yvela dainteresebul da CarTul uwyebas Soris rogorc erovnul, aseve adgilobriv doneze, romelic pasuxismgebelia rogorc kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis movla-patronobaze, aseve maTze sagangebo reagirebis uzrunvelyofaze.

SesaZleblobabi kanadaSi arsebobs sagangebo reagirebis infrastruqtura

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da meqanizmebi, romlebsac SeuZliaT kulturuli memkvi-dreobisTvis zrunvis integrireba. agreTve dasturdeba aSkara interesi sagangebo reagirebis moxeleTa mxridan kulturuli memkvidreobisadmi zrunvisa da yuradRebis gazrdis mcdelobaze.

zogierTi kanaduri dawesebulebis (mag., kanadis erovnu-li arqivi) pirveloba mzadyofnis modelebis SemuSavebis mimarTulebiT, romlebic faseuli da sainteresoa sxva jgufebisa da dawesebulebebisTvis.

saerTaSoriso `blu Sildis~ mier SeTavazebuli inicia-tiva, romelic mimarTulia kanadaSi arsebuli mdgomareo-bis gaumjobesebaze, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom:

• kanadelebs sakvanZo adgili uWiravT saerTaSoriso moZ-raobaSi (IATF-Si ICOMO-is mier am sakiTxze gamarTul mrgval magidasTan SexvedrebSi, romelic parizSi 1992 wlidan regularulad tardeba).

•UNE�CO da ICOMO� dainteresebulia kanaduri modelis ganviTarebiT.

•garkveul potencials gvTavazobs saerTaSoriso `blu Si-ldis~ komitetis Seqmna, romlis pirveli qmedeba sage-nais wyaldidobebze iyo.

amgvarad, Cven, 16-17 seqtembers kvebekSi, civilizaciis mu-zeumSi gamarTuli memkvidreobisa da riskisTvis mzadyofnis kanadis pirveli erovnuli samitis monawileebi vTanxmdebiT davisaxoT miznebi Semdeg sferoebSi:

gacnobierebamemkvidreobisa da sagangebo reagirebaze pasuxismgebel pir-Ta Soris kulturuli memkvidreobis bunebis da Rirebule-bis dafasebis gaZliereba memkvidreobisaTvis saSiSi bune-brivi, teqnologiuri Tu socialuri potenciuri riskisa da misi Sedegebis codnisa da gaziarebis gaumjobeseba.

sagangebo reagirebis menejmentis da kulturuli memkvi-dreobis menejmentis sazrunavTa ormxrivi gacnobierebis gazrda:

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• kulturuli memkvidreobis mniSvnelobis miniWeba im obie-qtebisaTvis, romelsac ganadgurebis safrTxe emuqreba;

• mWidro kavSiris aRiareba memkvidreobis efeqtur dacva-sa da naSen garemoSi memkvidreobis mier Rirebulis iden-tificirebas Soris;

• sazogadoebis, axalgazrdobis da mediis ukeT CarTvasa da gaTviTcnobierebas am dargSi.

• adgilobrivi xelisuflebis TviTSegnebis amaRleba da ukeT CarTva kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvisa da mov-la-patronobis dargSi.

TanamSromlobadamyardes mudmivi struqturuli kavSiri kulturuli memkvidreobis konservaciasTan dakavSirebul (arqivebi, biblioTekebi, muzeumebi da naSeni garemo) da sagangebo reagirebaze pasuxismgebel pirTa Soris (samoqalaqo usa-frTxoeba da dacva, sagangebo reagireba, sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoeba, Tavdacva);

• moxdes potenciuri partniorebisa Tu maTi interesebis identifikacia (mTavroba, adgilobrivi dawesebulebebi, korporaciebi Tu kerZo pirebi);

• adgilobriv, erovnul da saerTaSoriso doneebze maT Soris gacvla-gamocvlis qselis(ebis) Camoyalibeba, anu pasuxismgebeli rgolis Seqmna;

• qselis monawileTa Soris efeqturi komunikaciis uzrun-velyofa (mag. eleqtronuli fosta, Jurnali);

• dro da dro forumebis (maT Soris am Sexvedris kvalad) Catareba qselis wevrebs Soris azrTa gacvla-gamocvlis mizniT;

• samitis dros Seiqmnas miznobrivi samuSao jgufi, ro-melic gauZRveba TanamSromlobas Sexvedris dasrulebis Semdeg.

adgilobrivi SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebanaTeli gaxdes adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenle-

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bis roli da pasuxismgebloba am kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis sferoSi (sagangebo viTarebis dros gadawyvetilebis mimRebi struqturebi; garemos dacviTi teritoriuli da-gegmarebis da menejmentis politika).

adgilobrivi xelisuflebis, samsaxurebisa da adgilo-brivi instituciebis SesaZleblobebis gaumjobeseba raTa ukeTesi reagireba moaxdinon katastrofebis safrTxis qveS myofi kulturul memkvidreobaze zrunvaze.

• riskisTvis mzadyofnis da sagangebo reagirebis arsebul struqturebSi kulturul memkvidreobaze zrunvis in-tegracia (mag., riskis Sefasebis meTodebis dagegmva da ganxorcielebis gzebi)

• Sesabamisi `modelebis~ sxva konteqstebSi codnis amaR-leba;

• pasuxismgebeli pirebisa da menejerebisTvis wvrTnis gaumjobeseba;

• moxaliseTa monawileobis SesaZleblobebis gazrda.

memkvidreobis dacvis gaZlierebaadgilobriv, regionalur, provinciul, erovnul da saer-TaSoriso doneebze:

• prognozirebisa da zedamxedvelobis sistemebis SemuSa-veba da dainstalireba;

• dadebiTi gamocdilebisa da warmatebebis Sesaxeb mona-cemTa sakonsultacio bazis gaumjobeseba; monacemTa ba-zebze xelmisawvdomlobis gaumjobeseba;

• katastrofis dros Sesabamisi profesionalebis mobiliza-ciaze pasuxismgebeli pirebis SemarTebis uzrunvelyofa;

• sagangebo reagirebis mobilizaciis gegmebis SemuSaveba.

kvebeki, �� seqtemberi, �� weli.

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danarTi 2. kobe/tokios deklaracia kulturuli

memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis Sesaxeb

kobe/tokios Sexvedra kulturuli memkvidreobis riski-sTvis mzadyofnis Sesaxeb, romelic 1997 wlis ianvarSi gai-marTa, momzadebul iqna iaponiis kulturul memkvidreoba-ze pasuxismgebel pirTa mowadinebiT, imis gamosakvlevad, Tu ra gakveTilebis miReba SeiZleboda 1995 wlis ianvarSi kobeSi momxdari miwisZvris Sedegad. ganxilvaSi amgvari Te-matikiT dainteresebuli sxva qveynebi da saagentoebic mo-nawileobdnen.

am Sexvedris dros (misi sxdomaTa gamoqveynebuli oqme-bi mowmobs samsjelo Temebis farTo speqtris da msjelo-baSi monawile qveynebis mravalferovnebas) SemuSavda qveviT gamoqveynebuli `deklaracia~. es dokumenti miznad isaxavs daexmaros xelisuflebas gaaumjobesos sagangebo viTarebis dagegmvasa da masze reagirebis struqturebSi kulturul memkvidreobaze riskis prevenciis integrirebis unari.

UNE�CO-m SeZlo am dokumentis ramdenime mniSvnelovan SemTxvevaSi gamoyeneba ama Tu im qveynis riskisTvis mzadyo-fnis mdgomareobis gamosworebis dasaxmareblad.

kobe/tokios deklaracia kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnaze

mokle Sinaarsiianvari, 1997 weli

didi hansin-avajis miwisZvris meore wlisTavze, kobeSe (19 ianvars, 1997 wels) da tokioSi (22-25 ianvars, 1997 wels) Ca-tarda saerTaSoriso simpoziumi kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, romelic organizebuli iyo tokios xelovnebis erovnuli universi-tetis mier, iaponiis mTavrobis, kulturuli RonisZiebebis saagentos hiegos prefeqturis ganaTlebis sabWos, qalaq kobes ganaTlebis sabWos da maTTan kavSirSi myofi orga-

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nizaciebis mxardaWeriT. koloqviumi organizebuli iyo saerTaSoriso uwyebaTaSoriso jgufis IATF-is (masSi Sedian UNE�CO, ICOMO�, ICOM, ICCROM, ICA da sxva saerTaSori-so organizaciebi) SemoTavazebiT, rac miznad isaxavda ero-vnul da saerTaSoriso doneebze bunebrivi da xelovnu-ri warmoSobis katastrofisgan kulturuli memkvidreobis dazianebis da ganadgurebis minimizaciisTvis strategiebis da qmedebebis identifikacias da am sferoSi saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis gaZlierebas.

kobesa da tokios SexvedrebSi 20 qveynidan Camosulma 726 pirma, maT Soris UNE�CO, ICCROM, evropis sabWos, ICA, ICOM, ICOMO�-s warmomadgenlebma, miiRo monawileoba. prezentaciebis da msjelobis dros ganxilul iqna moZrav da uZrav kulturul memkvidreobasTan dakavSirebuli saki-Txebi.

Sexvedris msvlelobisas, Camoyalibebul iqna samuSao jgufi, romelsac daevala deklaraciis proeqtis momzadeba.

deklaraciis mizania warmoadginos strategiuli orien-tacia dagegmarebisa da gadawyvetilebis miRebisas rogorc kulturuli memkvidreobis aseve riskisTvis mzadyofnis administratorebisTvis, romlebic muSaoben am sferoSi ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebis gasaumjobeseblad. igi yu-radRebas amaxvilebs kulturuli memkvidreobis sagangebo viTarebis dagegmvasa da maTze reagirebaze arsebul infra-struqturebSi (da ara paraleluri struqturebisa da pro-gramebis Seqmnis mniSvnelobaze).

deklaracia aRiarebs am sferoSi zomasa da iniciativas, romelTac emyareba misi rekomendaciebi. igi adasturebs kulturuli memkvidreobis mniSvnelobas, romelic warmoa-dgens adamianTa sazogadoebis identurobis, uwyvetobis da mexsierebis Seucvlel wyaros da katastrofebis mzadyofnis dagegmarebaSi imsaxurebs iseTive yuradRebas, rogorc ada-mianis sicocxle, sakuTreba da garemosmieri Rirebulebebi. is gansazRvravs saWiroebebs da gvTavazobs Sesabamis reko-mendaciebs saerTaSoriso, regionalur, erovnul da adgi-lobriv doneze TanamSromlobis CarCos gaZlierebisTvis da dafinansebis, sagangebo reagirebis, dokumentaciis da kvlevis, ganaTlebis, wvrTnis dagacnobierebis programebis

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SemuSavebisa an gaumjobesebis mizniT (rogorc aRniSnulia `blu Sildis~ IATF-is riskisTvis mzadyofnis da kulturu-li memkvidreobis programaSi).

deklaracia unda gaxdes sasargeblo instumenti ro-gorc iaponiaSi aseve saerTaSoriso doneze am sferoSi msjelobis warsamarTavad.

kobe/tokios deklaracia kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis

mzadyofnis Sesaxeb

winasityvaoba didi hansin-avajis miwisZvris meore wlisTavze, kobeSe (19 ianvars, 1997 wels) da tokioSi (22-25 ianvars, 1997 wels) Catarda saerTaSoriso simpoziumi kulturuli memkvidreo-bis riskisTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, rome-lic organizebuli iyo tokios xelovnebis erovnuli uni-versitetis mier iaponiis mTavrobis, kulturuli Ronis-Ziebebis saagentos hiegos prefeqturis ganaTlebis sabWos, qalaq kobes ganaTlebis sabWos da maTTan kavSirSi myofi organizaciebis mxardaWeriT. koloqviumi organizebuli iyo saerTaSoriso IATF-is (masSi Sedian UNE�CO, ICOMO�, ICOM, ICCROM, ICA da sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebi) SemoTavazebul Sexvedris pasuxad am sferoSi saerTaSori-so TanamSromlobis gaZlierebis, erovnul da saerTaSoriso doneebze bunebrivi da xelovnuri warmoSobis katastrofi-sgan kulturuli memkvidreobis dazianebis da ganadgurebis minimizaciisTvis strategiebis da qmedebebis identifika-ciis mizniT.

kobesa da tokios SexvedrebSi 20 qveynidan Camosulma 726 pirma, maT Soris UNE�CO, ICCROM, evropis sabWos, ICA, ICOM, ICOMO�-s warmomadgenlebma, miiRo monawileoba. prezentaciebis damsjelobis dros ganxilul iqna moZrav da uZrav kulturul memkvidreobasTan dakavSirebuli saki-Txebi.

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saerTaSoriso sompoziumis monawileebs kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis Sesaxeb surT gamo-xaton kmayofileba da madliereba simpoziumis organiza-torebis mimarT azrTa gacvla-gamocvlisTvis xelsayreli pirobebis Seqmnisa da im gambedaobis gamoc, rac maT gamoi-Cines, aqcies ra erovnuli ubedureba yvela adamianisTvis sasikeTo gakveTilad.

kobe/tokios saerTaSoriso sompoziumis monawileebi kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis SesaxebaRiareben ra, rom msoflio kulturuli memkvidreoba

• moZravi Tu uZravi obieqtebi warmoadgenen erT ganuyo-fel mTlianobas;

• warmoadgens identurobis uwyvetobis da mexsierebis ar-sebriv wyaros calke pirTa da adamianTa erTobebisTvis da gamdidrebulia misi mravalferovnebiT;

• warmoadgens ara-ganaxlebad resurss, romlis konserva-ciis mizania SeinarCunos da naTelyos adamianTa Ziebisa da SemoqmedebiTi gamomxatvelobis mowmobani da rome-lic usafrTxo, jansaR da azrian sicocxleze erTiani sazrunavis nawilia.

• iseve rogorc adamianTa sicocxle, riskis qveSaa sagange-bo viTarebebis dros arsebuli safrTxis gamo.

• yvelasTvis saziaroa da, Sesabamisad, misi dacva yvelas valia.

adastureben, rom kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis zomebia:

• TanamSromlobis gaZliereba, saerTaSoriso, regionalur, erovnul da adgilobriv doneze Semdegnairad:

_ TanamSromlobis gaumjobeseba kulturuli memkvidreobisa da katastrofisTvis mzadyofnisTvis pasuxismgebel moqalaqeebs, ara-samTavrobo organiza-ciebs, mTavrobaTa Soris organizaciebs da mTavro-bebs Soris;

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_ integrirebuli strategiebis moSveliebiT muSaoba mzadyofnis, reagirebis da aRdgenisas, sagangebo vi-Tarebamde, maT Soris da Semdeg;

_ sagangebo reagirebis infrastruqturebSi kulturu-li memkvidreobis rolis ganmtkiceba;

_ kulturuli memkvidreobis mimarT bunebisa Tu adami-anismieri riskis Semcireba sistemuri monitoringis, regularuli movlis riskis Sefasebis da Sesabamisi prevenciuli mzrunvelobis gziT.

• riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis gamiz-nuli qmedebebis da meqanizmebis gaZliereba `blu Sil-dis~ msgavsi saerTaSoriso Taosnobebis meSveobiT, gansa-kuTrebiT mcdeloba, miRweul iqnas kerZod:

_ rigiTi moqalaqeebis (erovnul doneze) mxardaWeris mopoveba;

_ erovnuli, sakuTar konteqsts misadagebuli modele-bis SemuSavebiT, zogadi midgomebis misadageba adgi-lobrivi garemoebebisadmi;

_ gamocdilebisa da codnis urTierT gaziareba mode-lebis dawyvilebis da sacdeli proeqtebis Sedegad;

_ riskisTvis mzadyofnis programis Camoyalibeba, ro-melic fokusirebuli iqneba xuT mTavar saWiroebaze (dafinanseba, sagangebo reagireba, dokumentacia da kvleva, ganaTleba da wvrTna, gacnobiereba).

Semdegi saWiroebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebic identificirebul iyo kobe/tokios simpoziumze gamarTuli msjelobisas

• TanamSromlobis ganmtkicebis aucilebloba, saerTaSo-riso, regionalur, erovnul da adgilobriv doneze, Sem-degi zomebis gatarebiT:

_ kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis Sesaxeb sakanonmde-blo da administraciul ganwesebaTa gaZliereba kata-

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strofebze reagirebis dagegmvisas;

_ riskisTvis mzadyofnis RonisZiebebis koordinirebis gaumjobeseba momijnave regionebSi, romelnic saziaro riskis pirispir dganan;

_ principebisa da sacnobaro masalebis windawin Semo-Reba sagangebo viTarebebSi gadawyvetilebis miRebis mosaSvelieblad;

_ ganviTarebul da ganviTarebad qveynebs Soris teqni-kuri SesaZleblobebis da resursebis ufro metad ga-ziareba;

_ sagangebo viTarebaSi dazianebuli kulturuli memkvid-reobis mkurnalobisas konservaciis principebisa da standartebis jerovani gamoyenebis xelSewyoba.

• programuli RonisZiebebis gaZliereba da ganviTareba Semdeg sferoebSi saerTaSoriso, regionalur, erovnul da adgilobriv doneebze, raTa miRweul iqnas:

dafinansebamisawvdomi resursebis gazrda kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnisTvis da saerTaSoriso regionalur, erovnul da adgilobriv doneebze resursebis gaziarebis meqanizmis gaumjobeseba.

sagangebo reagireba

_ saSiSroebis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobisT-vis sagangebo reagirebis prioritetulobis gazrda saerTaSoriso, regionalur, erovnul da adgilobriv doneze;

_ mTavrobisa da municipalitetebis dawesebuli mosax-leobis usafrTxoebis standartebis SeZlebisdagvarad dacva iseTi saSualebebiT, romelnic pativs dasdebs kulturuli memkvidreobis Rirebulebebs;

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dokumentacia da kvleva

_ katastrofis win, mis dros da Semdeg kulturuli memkvidreobis mdgomareobis aRnusxvisTvis saWiro dokumentaciis sistemis ufro metad gamoyeneba;

_ sagangebo viTarebaSi kulturuli memkvidreobis dac-visa da misTvis miyenebuli zianis SebrZolebis meTo-debis, teqnikisa da midgomebis kvlevis gaZliereba.

ganaTleba da wvrTna

_ riskis qveS myofi kulturul memkvidreobasTan dakav-Sirebuli yvela jgufis ganaTlebisa da wvrTnis gaum-jobeseba.

gacnobierebariskisTvis mzadyofnis da menejmentis politikaSi, proce-durebsa da programebSi kulturuli memkvidreobis inte-graciis mniSvnelobis gacnobierebis donis gaumjobeseba.

saamisod monawileni rekomendacias uweven Semdeg strategiebs da qmedebebs, romlebic SeimuSava IATFma da misma monawile Tu msgavsi miznebis mqone organizaciebma

• imisTvis, rom ganmtkicdes TanamSromlobis CarCo saerTaSoriso regionalur, erovnul da adgilobriv doneze:

_ xeli Seewyos erovnul mTavrobebs, waqezeba moxdes kulturul memkvidreobaze zrunvis integraciaze ka-tastrofebisTvis mzadyofnis dagegmarebis da masTan dakavSirebuli politikis farglebSi;

_ erovnuli sakoordinacio komitetebis Camoyalibebis mxardaWera da waxaliseba, (rogoricaa blu Sildis paneli), romelic Sedgeba mTavrobis specialistebis mTavrobaTSoriso da arasamTavrobo adgilobrivi or-ganizaciebis warmomadgenlebisgan, agreTve kulturu-li memkvidreobis da riskisTvis mzadyofnis eqsperte-bisgan;

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_ erovnul doneze riskisTvis mzadyofnis xelsayreli modelebis win wamoweva;

_ kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebis (moZravi/uZ-ravi) riskisTvis mzadyofnis Sesabamisi principebis gansazRvra da dakanoneba, kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis `mzadyofnis qartiis~ formiT, romelic moicavs Semdeg sakiTxebs:

_ daTvaliereba-stabilizacia. dokumentacia pirobebi-sa katastrofamde da mis Semdeg;

_ riskis Sefaseba, prevencia da Serbileba;

_ gadawyvetilebis miRebis ierarqiis garkveva;

_ arsebuli Senobebis SenarCuneba da modernizacia;

_ kanonebis, standartebis da aRwerilobebis moxerxebu-li gamoyenebis mxardaWera;

_ IATF-is (da sxva Sesabamisi organizaciebis) monawile organizaciebis valdebulebebis gaZliereba IATF-is mxardasaWerad da misi da msgavsi miznebis dasaxva sfe-roSi prevenciuli RonisZiebebis miRwevaSi;

_ eqspertTa qselis Sesabamisi gamoyeneba da misi Semd-gomi ganviTareba;

_ regionebsSorisi TanamSromlobis TaosnobaTa mxar-daWera;

_ wiTeli jvris modeliT Seqmnili, SemoTavazebuli saerTaSoriso iniciativis ganxorcielebis mxardaWe-ra, dazianebuli kulturuli memkvidreobisTvis xel-misawvdomi daxmarebis SesaZleblobebis gaumjobeseba;

_ kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis yovlismomcveli saerTaSoriso CarCos SemuSaveba, `wiTeli jvris~ suliskveTebiT damuSavebuli mode-liT warmarTuli mzrunvelobiTi midgomisa da IATF-is prevenciuli midgomis integrirebis cdisas.

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•programiT gaTvaliswinebuli iniciativebis gasaZliereblad da gasaviTareblad Semdeg sferoebSi saerTaSoriso, regionalur, erovnul da adgilobriv doneze saWiroa:

dafinanseba

_ riskisTvis mzadyofnis programisTvis resursebis gazrda, kerZod, saerTaSoriso saqvelmoqmedo fondis dafuZvneba, romelic uzrunvelyofs finansebis efe-qtur ganawilebas da mozidvas.

_ multierovnuli sabanko institutebis mier dafinan-sebuli ganviTarebis proeqtebis farglebSi kultu-ruli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis zomebis gaTvaliswineba:

_ kvlevisa da wvrTnisTvis adekvaturi dafinansebis do-neebis uzrunvelyofa;

_ adgilobrivi mcdelobisTvis mxaris daWera (adgi-lobrivi arasamTavrobo da aramomgebiani organiza-ciebis meoxebiT) adgilobrivi saWiroebisTvis Tanxis mosaZebnad.

sagangebo reagireba

_ sagangebo viTarebis dros kulturuli memkvidreobis rac SeiZleba farTo speqtrisTvis Tanabari dacvis uzrunvelyofa;

_ sagangebo viTarebis dagegmvisTvis Sesaferisi sakomu-nikacio qselebis (maT Soris, brZanebis gacemis stru-qturebisa da ukugebiTi sistemebis) ukeT da ukeT ga-gebis uzrunvelyofa;

_ mediis, rogorc pozitiuri Zalis, gamoyeneba kultu-ruli memkvidreobis adgilis Sesaxeb riskisTvis mz-adyofnis reagirebis da aRdgenisas sazogadoebrivi azris Camosayalibeblad;

_ euwyos haagis konvenciis wevr saxelmwifoebsa da sx-vebs, rom `blu Sildis~ saerTaSoriso komiteti (Inter-national Commitee of the Blue �hield - ICB�), misi wevri

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institutebi da maTTan dakavSirebuli organizacie-bi mzadaa rCeva miawodon prevenciulsa Tu sagangebo reagirebis qmedebaTa Sesaxeb.

dokumentacia da kvlevakulturuli memkvidreobis bunebasTan dakavSirebuli do-kumentaciis gaumjobeseba, misi Rirebulebebis ukeT da sa-gangebo situaciisas dacvis saSualebebis saWiroebebis ukeT gasagebad;

_ riskis Sefasebisa da prognozirebis winaswari gafrTxi-lebisTvis kargad organizebuli monacemTa bazebis da sainformacio sistemebis Camoyalibeba da gaZliereba.

_ sagangebo viTarebis dros kulturuli memkvidreobis danakargis an dazianebis Sesaxeb dokumentaciis mi-marT sistematuri midgomis adaptacia.

_ kvlevis saerTaSoriso ganrigis SemuSaveba kvlevis prioritetebis gansazRvrisa da Sesabamisi resursebis gamosayofad.

ganaTleba da wvrTna arsebul saganmanaTleblo sistemebSi (maT Soris, univer-sitetis qselSi), sainstitucio CarCosa da rogorc kul-turuli memkvidreobis, ise katastrofebisTvis mzadyofnis sferoebSi daxmarebis RonisZiebebSi Sesabamisi saganmana-Tleblo sawvrTneli muSaobis integraciis gaumjobeseba.

_ praqtikuli wvrTnis saxelmZRvaneloebis, saxelmZRva-nelo principebisa da sxva saganmanaTleblo masalebis mudmivi damuSavebisa da gamoyenebis xelSewyoba;

_ kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gamocdilebisa da praqtikis sistematuri gacvlis Se-saZleblobebis gazrda saerTaSoriso forumebisa da komunikaciis sxva saSualebebiT;

_ specializebul regionalur da saerTaSoriso sawvrT-nel centrebSi Sesabamisi wamowyebebis SemuSavebisadmi koordinirebuli midgomis uzrunvelyofa.

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gacnobierebaam saqmeSi CarTuli yvela piris (memkvidreobis speciali-stebi, RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis menejerebi, politikisa da programebis administratorebi, politikosebi, mesaku-Treebi da momxmareblebi, samxedro personali, moxalisee-bi, media da sazogadoeba) mier kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis efeqturi mzadyofnis sargeblobisa da saamiso moTxovnilebis ukeT SegrZneba;

_ efeqturi sagangebo reagirebis meqanizmebis SemuSa-vebisas fsiqologiuri da fizikuri faqtorebis ukeT gacnobiereba.

_ moZravi Tu uZravi kulturuli memkvidreobisadmi adekvatur movlasa da prevenciul zrunvaze damyare-buli midgomis mimarT gulisyuris gaZliereba.

_ riskisTvis mzadyofnis, Sefasebis da Serbilebis tra-diciuli teqnikisa da praqtikis ufro metad dafaseba da gamoyeneba.

gansazRvrebebi:kulturuli memkvidreoba, rogorc moZravi, aseve uZravi, moicavs nivTebs, nimuSebs arqiteqturul-istorouli, mxa-tvruli, socialur da/an samecniero Rirebulebebis mqone RirsSesaniSnav adgilebs an arealebs.

blu Sildi `UNE�CO-s SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis konvenciis~ emblemaa (1954 wlis haagis konvencia)

_ `blu Sildi~ gamoiyeneba IATF-is riskisTvis mzadebis adamianismieri programis mier da bunebrivi katastro-fis pirispir myofi moZravi da uZravi kulturuli memkvidreobis dasacavad.

_ sagangebo reagirebis sferoSi, riskisTvis mzadyofnis sakuTriv programis gamarTul msjelobas mohyva 1996 wlis ivlisSi `blu Sildis~ saerTaSoriso komitetis (ICB�) daarseba, romelic katastrofebis dros eweva ICOMO�, ICOM, ICA da IFLA-s potenciuri qmedebebis koordinirebas.

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zogadad, blu Sildisa da winamdebare deklaraciis kon-teqstSi riskisTvis mzadyofna aRniSnavs mzadyofnis reagi-rebasa da aRdgenisaTvis Tanabar zrunvas.

prevenciuli zrunva moicavs RonisZiebebs iseTi kultu-ruli memkvidreobis danakargis Sesarbileblad, romlebic mimarTulia misi sicocxlisTvis saWiro pirobebis gaumjo-besebisken.

mkurnalobiTi zrunva moicavs pirdapir RonisZiebebs kul-turuli memkvidreobis materialuri Semadgenlobis mzrun-velobiTad, misi fizikuri mdgomareobis stabilizaciis da kulturuli Rirebulebebis ukeT gamomJRavnebis mizniT.

samadlobelikobe/tokios deklaracia kulturuli memkvidreobis riski-sTvis mzadyofnisa da masTan dakavSirebuli msjeloba am sferoSi bevr mniSvnelovan wamowyebasa da monapovars em-yareba. maT Sorisaa:

_ 1995 wlis 17 ianvars did hansin-avajis miwisZvris Sem-deg eqstraordinaruli aRdgeniTi RonisZiebebi Ca-tarebuli iaponeli specialistebis, institutebis da moqalaqeebis mier;

_ bunebrivi katastrofebis saerTaSoriso aTwleulis miRwevebi humanitaruli da katastrofebis Semdgo-mi koordinaciis daxmarebis sakiTxSi, maT Soris 1994 wlis iokohama IDNDR usafrTxo 21-e saukunis stra-tegiisa da samoqmedo gegma.

_ axlandeli mcdeloba UNE�CO-s 1954 wlis SeiaraRe-buli konfliftis dros kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis Sesaxeb haagis konvenciis 1972 wlis msoflio memkvidreobis konvenciisa da 1970 wlis kulturuli memkvidreobis ukanono importis konvenciis eqspor-tis da transferis akrZalvis zomebis sisruleSi moy-vanis RonisZiebebis gasaZliereblad.

_ UNE�CO-s da wiTeli jvris mier haagis konvenciis

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prevenciuli zomebis gansaxorcieleblad wvrTnis mowyoba yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebis samxedro-TaTvis;

_ mudmivi mcdeloba - UNE�CO-s 2001 wlisTvis garda-mavali gegmis ganxorcielebis, kerZod, kulturuli memkvidreobis ubedurebaTa Serbilebisa da preven-ciuli zomebis winsvlis xelSewyoba;

_ ICOMO�-s 1992 wlis Taosnoba im organizaciebisa da eqspertebis pirveli saerTaSoriso mrgvali magidis, romelic SeaSfoTa kulturuli memkvidreobis dana-kargTa matebam, bunebrivi katastrofebisa da SearaRe-buli konfliqtebis Sedegad, rasac mohyva 1994 wels IATF-is Camoyalibeba saerTaSoriso RonisZiebebis uke-Tesi koordinaciis mizniT yovelwliuri Sexvedrebis meSveobiT. IATF-s mier gatarebuli RonisZiebebi moi-cavs:

_ kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis gaumjobesebu-li mzadyofnis erovnuli modelebis SemuSavebas, maT Soris, Sri lankaSi, kanadasa da SvedeTSi;

_ ICOM/ UNE�CO-s Sesabamisi ZiriTadi principebis UNE�CO-s rekomendaciebis, - ICOMO�-is doqtri-naluri teqstebs da - ICOMO�-is

UNE�CO-mier am sferoSi Catarebuli RonisZiebebis Se-saxeb Semfasebeli angariSi (1995w.) gavrcelda;

_ 1995 wlis dekemberSi Camoyalibebuli msoflio memkvidreobis komitetis mxardaWeriT kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis ZiriTadi prin-cipebis momzadebas;

_ sagangebo viTarebisas eqspertTa qselis Seqmnisa da Sesabamisi moxmarebis strategiis ganviTareba;

_ 1996 wels Camoyalibebuli `blu Sildis~ saerTaSori-so komitetis daarseba saerTaSoriso doneze sagange-bo reagirebisTvis koordinirebis meqanizmis mosagva-reblad;

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_ Sexvedrebi sxvadasxva organizacias Soris regionalur doneze, maT Soris, inglisuri regionaluri TanamS-romlobis samx. aziis asociaciis eqspertTa Sexvedra, romelic gaimarTa kolomboSi, Sri lankaSi, 1995 wlis ivnisSi kulturuli memkvidreobis da saarqivo masa-lebis Taobaze.

_ konservaciis organizaciis „NATO-s partnioroba mS-vidobisTvis~ mier krakovSi, poloneTSi, 1996 wlis iv-nisSi Catarebuli konferencia kataklizmebisa da Sei-araRebuli konfliqtis dros kulturuli memkvidreo-bis dacvis Sesaxeb da evrosabWos sxvadasxva Sexvedra arqiteqturuli da kulturuli memkvidreobis dabin-Zurebis, miwisZvrebis da ukanono qmedebebisgan dacvis Sesaxeb;

_ erovnul doneze riskisTvis mzadyofnis reagirebis da aRdgenis operaciebis iniciativebis ganxorcieleba da koordinacia.

_ tokios xelovnebis erovnuli universitetis profe-sor hiraiamas, UNE�CO-s keTili nebis elCis Zalisx-meva (wiTeli jvris midgomis suliskveTebisa da aziaSi, abreSumis gzis gayolebiT, kulturuli memkvidreobis gadarCenis sakuTari gamocdilebis moSveliebiT kata-strofiT, konfliqtiT da daudevrobiT dazianebuli kulturuli memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis mkurnalobiTi zrunvis saerTaSoriso meqanizmis da-sanergad).

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danarTi �. `blu Sildis~ moZraoba kulturuli

memkvidreobis riskisTvis mzadyofnis gasaumjobeseblad

IATF-s wamowyebulma msjelobam biZgi misca saerTaSoriso doneze azrTa sxvaTa mier gacvla-gamocvlas. ori mniSvne-lovani Sexvedra Sedga 1996 da 1997 wels kanadasa da iapo-niaSi.

_ 1996 wels, seqtemberSi, kvebekSi, kanadis - ICOMO�-is kulturuli memkvidreobisa da riskisTvis mzadyofnis 70-ode kanadelma da sxva qveynis warmomadgenelma spe-cialistma ganixila riskisTvis xelmyofi kulturuli memkvidreobis pirobebis gaumjobesebis sakiTxi. msjelo-bis Sedegad miRebuli iqna kvebekis deklaracia, romelic unda daexmaros gadawyvetilebis miRebaze pasuxismgebel pirebs da profesionalebs arsebuli praqtikisa da SesaZ-leblobebis gaumjobesebaSi.

_ 1997 wels, ianvarSi, kobeSi, didi hansi, avajis miwisZvris meore wlisTavze daaxloebiT 150 profesionalma da 550-ma damkvirvebelma miiRo monawileoba kobesa da tokios SexvedrebSi iaponiasa da mTel msoflios yuradRebis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis obieqtebze piro-bebis gaumjobesebis Taobaze. am Sexvedraze miRebul iqna safrTxis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobis kobe/tokios deklaracia, romelic fokusirebulia kulturu-li memkvidreobis mzadyofnis zomebis integraciis gaum-jobesebaze riskisTvis mzadyofnis arsebul infrastru-qturebSi, rac gadamwyveti iqneba efeqturobis gasazr-delad.

regionalur doneze 1995w. ivnisSi Sri lankaSi gamar-Tul regionaluri TanamSromlobis samx. aziis asociaciaSi (�AARC) Semavali qveynebis kulturis ministrebis Sexve-draze, xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma aiRes valdebuleba am sferoSi TanamSromlobis gasaumjobeseblad.

agreTve regionalur doneze aRm. evropis 20 qveynis kulturuli memkvidreobis da samoqalaqo Tavdacvis pro-fesionalebma 1997w. seqtemberSi moawyves Sexvedra skopieSi

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(yofili iugoslavia, makedoniis respublika), raTa ganexi-laT riskisTvis mzadyofnis sakiTxebi.

Getty konservaciis institutis da SeerTebuli Statebis ICOMO�-is mxardaWeriT gamarTulma am Sexvedram SesaZle-beli gaxada monawile qveynebis katastrofebisTvis mzadyo-fnis saSualebebis modernizacia.

erovnul doneze, sakiTxis Seswavlis miznobrivma jgu-febma, romelic dafuZvnda 1995 wels aSS_Si FEMA-s GCI da NIC-is mier, kulturuli institutebis da sxvaTa dasax-mareblad SeimuSava mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis praqtikuli zomebi.

_ adgilobriv doneze 1997 wlis maisSi, monrealSi Cata-rebulma seminarma, romelSic monawileoba miiRo 100-ma warmomadgenelma 29 municipalitetidan, memkvidreobis dacvis jgufebma da kulturulma instituciebma, dasa-bami misca koordinirebuli adgilobrivi samoqmedo gegmis SemuSavebas mzadyofnis gaumjobesebis mizniT. am Sexvedrebze warmoCenil iqna mzadyofnis da reagirebis arsebuli sasargeblo modernebi: kanadis erovnuli ar-qivis mier, wylis mier misi Senobebis dazianebis kvalad SemuSavebuli sagangebo gegma.

mzadyofnis gegma SemuSavebul iqna andre van der gus, niderlandebSi amerongenis sasaxlis kuratoris mier; 1970-ian wlebSi SveicariaSi Seqmnili kulturuli memkvidreobisa-Tvis sagangebo mzadyofnis erovnuli sqema da sxva mravali.

am msjelobam aseve mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana Ta-vad konservaciis, rogorc dargis ganviTarebaSi da sakon-servacio praqtikasac axali mimarTuleba misca. arsebiTad riskisTvis mzadyofnaze zrunvas yuradReba midgomidan prevenciulisken gadaaqvs. upiratesi zrunva mniSvnelovani kulturuli memkvidreobis saarsebo pirobebze, didi xania prioritetulia samuzeumosa da arqeologiur konserva-ciaSi. marTalia ZiriTadi doqtrinaluri teqstebi nagebi memkvidreobis konservaciis Taobaze, maT Soris veneciis qartia, uwinaresad intervenciazea mimarTuli_anu rogor vumkurnaloT Zegls an RirsSesaniSnav adgils `jerovnad~, Tumca veneciis qartia da masTan dakavSirebuli dokumen-

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tebi miuTiTeben mniSvnelobas `movlisa~_ rac TavisTavad prevenciuli konservaciis uaRresad mniSvnelovani for-maa,_ es miTiTebebi xSirad araa Semtkicebuli upatronobi-sa Tu dayovnebuli movlis uaryofiTi Sedegebis CvenebiT. riskis qveS myofi kulturuli memkvidreobisadmi midgoma gvarwmunebs, rom kulturuli memkvidreoba mudam safrTxis winaSea, kataklizmebisganac da yoveldRiuri cveTis da da-Slisgan, amitom igi gvTavazobs vrcel dagegmvis CarCos. samuSaos da movlas katastrofebisTvis mzadyofnas ukavSi-rebs. aseTi CarCos miReba ara marto aadvilebs Tanxebis da-bandebas riskis Sesamcireblad, aramed isic mniSvnelovania, rom mas ZaluZs Seamciros Zeglze Carevebis raodenoba.

SesaZlebelia, yvelaze xelSesaxebi sasikeTo Sedegi 1992 wlis Semdeg Catarebuli IATF Sexvedrisa, iyo 1996 wlis ivlisSi blu Sildis saerTaSoriso komitetis daarseba. igi Cafiqrebulia rogorc analogi wiTeli jvris saerTaSori-so komitetisa, romelic dafuZnebulia Jenevis konvenciis farglebSi sagangebo viTarebaSi daxmarebis aRmosaCenad. ICB� uzrunvelyofs integrirebul sagangebo reagirebis meqanizms da erTmaneTs ukavSirebs ICMO�, ICOM, ICA da IFLA-s. gaTvaliswinebuli iyo, rom sagangebo viTarebaSi UNE�CO mimarTavs ICB�-s rom man uzrunvelyos reagireba da uzrunvelyos biblioTekebis, muzeumebis da koleqcie-bis, arqivebis, nagebi memkvidreobis integrirebuli mkur-naloba. ICB�-s pirveli RonisZieba iyo rCeviT daxmarebis aRmoCena kanadis premier-ministris Jan kretienisadmi uSua-lod saguenais gamanadgurebeli wyaldidobis Semdeg, 1996 wlis ivlisis gasuls.

blu Sildis saerTaSoriso komitetis �ICBS)SeTanxmebis proeqtis muxlebi

1.1 ICA , ICOM, ICOMO� da IFLA (Semadgeneli organizaciebi) SeTanxmdnen Camoayalibon ICB�. sxva saerTaSoriso organi-zaciebi SesaZloa iyvnen mowveulni Semadgeneli organiza-ciebis mier, raTa gaerTiandnen komitetSi an monawileoba miiRon mis muSaobaSi.

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1.2. komitetis miznebi mdgomareobs SemdegSi:

a) gansazRvruli saSiSroebis SemTxvevaSi, bunebrivi Tu adamianismieri mizezebiT gamowveuli sagangebo viTare-bisas, metadre SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebis dros, mi-awodos rCeva kulturuli memkvidreobis dasacavad;

b) saSiSroebebsa an sagangebo viTarebebze saerTaSoriso reagirebis gaadvileba monawile da erovnul organiza-ciebs Soris TanamSromlobis meSveobiT;

c) Seasrulos mrCevlis movaleoba iseT SemTxvevebSi, romle-bic eTanadeba SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros kulturu-li memkvidreobis dacvis haagis 1954 wlis konvencias.

d) kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvisa da mofrTxilebis, gansakuTrebiT riskisTvis mzadyofnis maRali standar-tebis damkvidrebis xelSewyoba;

e) konsultireba da TanamSromloba msgavsi an Sesabamisi interesebis mqone organizaciebTan, maT Soris: UNE�CO, ICCROM da wiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso komiteti (ICRC);

f) erovnul an regionalur doneze profesiuli RonisZie-bebisTvis xelis Sewyoba katastrofebis prevenciis, kon-trolis da aRdgenis;

3. komitetis wevrebi yovelTvis iqnebian mTavari aRmsrule-blebi yoveli monawile organizaciisa, an misi dasaxelebu-li warmomadgenlebis.

4. komiteti gamarTavs sul mcire erT Sexvedras yovelwliu-rad. amas garda, is gamarTavs sagangebo sesias nebismieri we-vri organizaciis an pasuxismgebeli organos moTxovniT.

5. Semadgeneli organizaciebi monawileobas miiReben ad-ministraciul saqmianobaSi da administraciul xarjebSi calkeuli (specialuri) molaparakebis Tanaxmad.

6. komitetis moqmedebis wesebi SemuSavebul iqneba drou-lad da iqneba calkeuli SeTanxmebis sagani.

4 aprili, 1996 weli.

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danarTi 4. Zeglebis, SenobaTa jgufebisa da RirSesaniSnavi adgilebis aRricxvis principebi

(teqsti ratificirebulia ICOMOS-is me-�� generaluri asambleis mier, sofia, bulgareTi, ��)

radganac kulturuli memkvidreoba warmoadgens kacobrio-bis miRwevebis unikalur gamoxatulebas;

da radganac es kulturuli memkvidreoba mudmivad sa-frTxeSia;

da radganac aRricxva aris erT-erTi mTavari Cvens xelT arsebuli gza, mivaniWoT sazrisi, gageba, gansazRvreba da aRiareba kulturuli memkvidreobis Rirebulebebs;

da radganac pasuxismgebloba kulturuli memkvidre-obis movlasa da konservaciaze ekisreba ara mxolod maT mesakuTreebs, aramed aseve konservaciis specialistebsa da profesionalebs, menejerebs, xelisuflebis sxvadasxva doneze momuSave politikosebsa da administratorebs da sazogadoebas;

da radganac veneciis qartiis me-16 muxlis Sesabamisad, uaRresad mniSvnelovania, rom pasuxismgebelma organiza-ciebma da calkeulma pirebma aRricxon kulturuli mem-kvidreobis raoba.

winamdebare dokumentis mizania gansazRvros kulturu-li memkvidreobis aRricxvis ZiriTadi mizezebi, pasuxismge-blobebi, dagegmvis meTodebi, Sinaarsi, marTvisa da sazoga-doebisTvis miwodebis meTodebi.

dokumentSi gamoyenebul sityvaTa ganmartebebi:kulturuli memkvidreoba moicavs Zeglebs, SenobaTa

jgufebsa da kulturuli Rirebulebis mqone RirsSesaniS-nav adgilebs, romlebic Seadgenen istoriul an ganaSenia-nebul garemos.

aRricxva gulisxmobs aRweriTi informaciis Segrovebas Zeglis, SenobaTa jgufis an RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis fizi-kuri konfiguraciis, mdgomareobisa da gamoyenebis Sesaxeb drois garkveul momentSi. aRricxva warmoadgens konserva-ciis procesis arsebiT nawils.

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saaRricxvo monacemebi Zeglebis, SenobaTa jgufebisa da Rirs-SesaniSnavi adgilebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba moicavdes rogorc ma-terialur, aseve aramaterialur mowmobebs. isini Seadgens do-kumentaciis mniSvnelovan nawils, romelic xels uwyobs mem-kvidreobisa da masTan dakavSirebuli Rirebulebebis gagebas.

aRricxvis mizezebi

1. kulturuli memkvidreobis aRricxva mniSvnelovania, raTa moxdes:

• codnis dagroveba da kulturuli memkvidreobis, misi Rirebulebebisa da ganviTarebis gagebis gau-mjobeseba;

• aRricxuli informaciis gavrcelebis gziT memkvi-dreobis dacviT sazogadoebis dainterebisa da am saqmeSi misi Cabmis xelSewyoba;

• samSeneblo samuSaoebisa da kulturuli memkvidreo-bis yvelanairi cvlilebis informirebuli marTva da kontroli;

• imis uzrunvelyofa, rom memkvidreobis movla da konservacia iqneba faqizi misi fizikuri formis, ma-salebis, konstruqciebisa da istoriul-kulturuli mniSvnelovanebis mimarT.

2. aRricxva unda moxdes imdenad detalurad, rom uzrun-velyofil iqnas:

• informaciis miwodeba memkvidreobis identifikaciis, gagebis, interpretaciisa da prezentaciisaTvis, ase-ve sazogadoebis CarTulobis xelSewyobisaTvis;

• Zeglebis, SenobaTa jgufebisa da RirsSesaniSnavi ad-gilebis mudmivi aRricxvis warmoeba, romlebsac emu-

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qrebaT dangrevis, ramenairad gadakeTebis an adamia-nis saqmianobiT an bunebrivi movlenebiT gamowveuli sxva safrTxe;

• informaciis miwodeba administratorebisa da dam-gegmareblebisaTvis erovnul, regionul an adgilo-briv doneze, raTa dagegmva, ganviTarebis kontro-lis politikis SemuSaveba da gadawyvetilebebis mi-Reba saTanadod faqizi iyos;

• informaciis miwodeba, romlis mixedviTac ganisazR-vreba Sesabamisi da mdgradi gamoyeneba, aseve efe-qturi kvlevis, marTvis, movlis programebis da sam-Seneblo samuSaoebis dagegmva.

3. kulturuli memkvidreobis aRricxva unda ganixilebo-des, rogorc prioriteti da unda ganxorcieldes gansa-kuTrebiT Semdeg SemTxvevebSi:

• erovnuli, regionuli da adgilobrivi inventa-rizaciis dros;

• kvleviTi da sakonservacio samuSaoebisas, ro-gorc maTi ganuyofeli nawili;

• nebismieri SekeTebis, gadakeTebis an sxva Care-vis win, ganmavlobaSi da Semdgom da aseve maSin, roca msgavsi samuSaoebisas gamovlenilia obie-qtis istoriis mowmobani;

• nawilobrivi an sruli daSlis, dangrevis, mito-vebisa da gadatanis SemTxvevaSi, an im SemTxveveb-Si, roca memkvidreobas emuqreba gareSe adamiani-smieri an bunebrivi Zalebis gavleniT dazianeba;

• SemTxveviTi da gauTvaliswinebeli areulobis dros, romelic azianebs kulturul memkvidreo-bas da mis Semdeg;

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• roca xdeba funqciis an marTvis anda kontrolze pasuxismgeblobis cvlileba.

aRricxvaze pasuxismgebloba

1. memkvidreobis konservaciis valdebuleba erovnul do-neze moiTxovs aRricxvis procesze Tanabar valdebule-basac.

2. aRricxvisa da interpretaciis procesebis sirTule moi-Txovs urTierTdakavSirebuli amocanebis Sesasruleb-lad Sesabamisi unaris, codnisa da Segnebis mqone pro-fesionalTa dasaqmebas. saamisod aucilebelia wvrTnis programebis gamarTva.

3. aRricxvis procesSi, Cveulebriv, CarTulni arian erTob-livad momuSave calkeuli pirebi: memkvidreobis aRricx-vis specialistebi, amzomvelebi, konservaciis speciali-stebi, arqiteqtorebi, inJinrebi, mkvlevarebi, arqite-qturis istorikosebi, arqeologebi da sxva specialobis mrCevlebi.

4. kulturuli memkvidreobis yvela menejeri pasuxismgebe-lia memkvidreobis saTanado aRricxvaze, dokumentaciis xarisxsa da mis ganaxlebaze.

aRricxvis dagegmva

1. sanam axali saaRricxvo dokumentacia momzaddeba, moZie-bul da Semowmebul unda iqnas arsebuli sainformacio wyaroebi.

• dokumenti, romelic Seicavs aseTi tipis informa-cias, moZiebul unda iqnas kvlevebSi, naxazebSi, fo-toebSi, gamoqveynebul da gamouqveynebel angari-SebSi da aRwerebSi da sxva maTgvar dokumentebSi, romlebic exeba Zeglis Seqmnasa da istorias. mniSvne-lovania mopovebul iqnes rogorc axali, aseve Zveli dokumentebi.

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• arsebuli informacia moZiebul unda iqnas erovnul da adgilobriv sajaro arqivebSi, profesiul, orga-nizaciebisa da kerZo arqivebSi, inventarizaciis ma-salebSi da koleqciebSi, biblioTekebsa da muzeumeb-Si;

• informaciis moZiebisas saWiroa konsultaciebi calkeul pirebTan da organizaciebTan, romlebic flobdnen an romelTac ekuTvnodaT mocemuli Ze-gli, SenobaTa jgufi an RirsSesaniSnavi adgili, ro-melTac ganuxorcielebiaT maTze kvleviTi, saaRri-cxvo, sakonservacio an samSeneblo samuSaoebi, anda aqvT codna maT Sesaxeb.

2. zemoaRniSnuli analizidan gamomdinare, ZeglTa aRricx-vis Sesabamisi masStabis, donisa da meTodebis SerCeva moiTxovs, rom:

• aRricxvis meTodebi da Seqmnili dokumentaciis tipi Seesabamebodes memkvidreobis bunebas, aRricxvis mi-zans, kulturul konteqsts, dafinansebas an sxva ar-sebul resursebs. aseTi resursebis SezRudvis gamo SeiZleba saWiro gaxdes aRrcxvis etapebad dayofa. es meTodebi SesaZlebelia moicavdes werilobiT aRweras da analizs, fotofiqsacias (aerofotoga-daRebas da saxmeleTo gadaRebas), reqtificirebul fotografias, fotogrametrias, geodeziur azomvas, rukebis, anazomebis, naxazebisa da krokebis, mulaJe-bis Sesrulebas an sxva tradiciul Tu Tanamedrove teqnologiebs;

• aRricxvis meTodologia sasurvelia iyenebdes teq-nikas, romelic ar moiTxovs aRsaricx obieqtSi Care-vas da ar gamoiwveves mis dazianebas;

• ganzraxuli masStabis da aRricxvis meTodis safu-Zveli naTlad unda iqnas gamoTqmuli;

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• masalebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba saboloo saaRri-cxvo dokumentaciis Sesadgenad arqivSi Sesanaxad gamZle unda iyos.

saaRricxvo dokumentis Semadgenloba

1. yoveli saaRricxvo dokumenti unda moicavdes saidenti-fikacio informacias:

• Senobis, SenobaTa jgufis an RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis saxelwodebas;

• unikalur kods;

• saaRricxvo dokumentis Sedgenis TariRs;

• aRmricxavi organizaciis saxelwodebas;

• miTiTebebs masTan dakavSirebuli saaRricxvo doku-mentebis, angariSebis, foto da grafikuli masalis, teqsturi da bibliografiuli dokumentaciis, arqe-ologiuri da garemosdacviTi saaRricxvo dokumen-tebis Sesaxeb;

2. Zeglis, SenobaTa jgufis an RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis mde-bareoba da teritoria zustad unda iqnes miTiTebuli; es SeiZleba miRweul iqnas detaluri aRweriT, rukebis, gegmebis an aerofotosuraTebis gamoyenebiT. sasoflo teritoriebis SemTxvevaSi kartografiuli miTiTeba an ukve cnobil wertilebze triangulaciis meTodiT mibma xSirad teritoriis identifikaciis erTaderTi SesaZlo meTodia. urbanuli teritoriebis SemTxvevaSi xSirad sak-marisia misamarTisa da quCis dasaxelebis gamoyenebac.

3. axal saaRricxvo dokumentebSi miTiTebul unda iqnes yvela im informaciis wyaro, romelic ar iqna mopovebu-li uSualod obieqtis SeswavliT;

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4. saaRricxvo dokumenti mTlianad an nawilobriv unda moicavdes Semdeg informacias:

• Senobis, SenobaTa jgufis an RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis tips, formasa da zomebs;

• saWiroebisamebr, Zeglis, SenobaTa jgufis an RirsSe-saniSnavi adgilis interierisa da eqsterieris maxa-siaTeblebs;

• informacias memkvidreobisa da misi komponentebis raobis, xarisxis, kulturuli, mxatvruli da samec-niero mniSvnelovnebis Sesaxeb, aseve Semdegi kompo-nentebis kulturul, mxatvrul da samecniero mniSv-nelovnebis aRweras:o masala, Semadgeneli nawilebi da konstruqcia,

morTuloba, ornamentebi an warwerebi;o momsaxurebebi, mowyobilobebi da meqanizmebi;o damxmare nagebobebi, baRebi, landSafti da Rirs-

SesaniSnavi adgilis kulturuli, topografiuli da bunebrivi maxasiaTeblebi;

• mSeneblobis an movlisas gamoyenebul tradiciul da Tanamedrove teqnologiasa da xerxebs;

• avtoris, Seqmnis TariRis, sakuTrebis, Tavdapirveli Canafiqris, moculobis, gamoyenebisa da morTulobis damadasturebeli mowmobani;

• Semdgomi gamoyenebis istoriis, masTan dakavSirebu-li movlenebis, konstruqciis da dekoris cvlile-bebis, xelovnuri da bunebrivi Zalebis zegavlenis Sedegebis damadasturebeli mowmobani;

• marTvis, movla-patronobisa da SekeTebebis istoria;

• SenobaTa an RirsSesaniSnavi adgilis masalaTa war-momCeni nimuSebi an elementebi;

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• memkvidreobis amJamindeli mdgomareobis Sefaseba;

• memkvidreobisa da misi garemos vizualuri da fun-qciuri urTierTkavSiris Sefaseba;

• xelovnuri da bunebrivi mizezebiT, garemos dabin-ZurebiT da momijnave teritoriebis gamoyenebiT ga-mowveuli safrTxisa da konfliqtebis Sefaseba.

5. aRricxvis sxvadasxva mizezebis gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZle-ba saWiro gaxdes detalizaciis sxvadasxva done. yvela zemoCamoTvlili informacia, Tundac mokled mowode-buli, warmoadgens mniSvnelovan monacemebs adgilobri-vi dagegmvis, mSeneblobis kontrolisa da marTvisaTvis. ufro detaluri informacia, Cveulebriv, saWiroa Rirs-SesaniSnavi adgilis anda Senobis mesakuTreebis, meneje-rebisa da mflobelTaTvis maTi gamoyenebis, movlisa da konservaciis gansaxorcieleblad.

saaRricxvo dokumentebis marTva, gavrceleba da sazogadoebisTvis miwodeba

1. saaRricxvo dokumentebis originalebi Senaxul unda iqnes saimedo arqivSi. amasTan arqivis pirobebi unda uzrunvelyofdes informaciis Seulaxavobasa da dau-zianeblobas aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamisad.

2. saaRricxvo dokumentebis sruli aslebi Senaxul unda iqnes calke, usafrTxo adgilas.

3. saaRricxvo dokumentebis aslebi xelmisawvdomi unda iyos uflebamosili dawesebulebebisaTvis, profesiona-lebisa da sazogadoebisaTvis kvlevis, kontrolisa da sxva administraciuli Tu samarTlebrivi procesebis warmarTvis mizniT.

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4. ganaxlebuli saaRricxvo dokumentacia iolad misawvdo-mi unda iyos, SeZlebisamebr, adgilzeve, memkvidreobis kvlevis, marTvis, movlisa da katastrofebis Semsubuqe-bisaTvis.

5. saaRricxvo dokumentaciis formati standartizirebul unda iqnes. dokumentebs, SeZlebisdagvarad, unda mieni-Wos specialuri indeqsi adgilobriv, erovnul da saer-Tasoriso doneze informaciis gacvlisa da moZiebis ga-martivebisaTvis.

6. saaRricxvo informaciis efeqturi marTva da gavrcele-ba moiTxovs Tanamedrove sainformacio teqnologiebis SeZlebisdasgvarad gamoyenebas.

7. saaRricxvo dokumentacia unda inaxebodes sazogadoe-bisaTvis xelmisawvdom adgilze.

8. saaRricxvo samuSaoebis ZiriTadi Sedegebis amsaxveli an-gariSi sasurvelia gavrceldes da, Tu saWiroa, gamoqvey-ndes.

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danarTi 5. asizis deklaracia

1. Sesavali

1.1 27-28 Tebervals, 1998 wels eqspertebi mTeli msoflio-dan Sexvdnen asizSi samuSao Sexvedraze, romelic orga-nizebul iyo ICOMO�-is arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis Senobebis analizisa da restavraciis samecniero komite-tis mier.

1.2 eqspertebma solidaroba gamoucxades adgilobriv mo-saxleobas da arsisis umbriis da marCis regionis sazo-gadoebriv da religiur uwyebebs im SemarTebis gamo, romliTac isini Seudgnen 1997 wels momxdari ramdenime miwisZvris Sedegad dazianebuli nagebobis SekeTebas. maT agreTve gaixsenes maTi kolegebi, romlebic daiRupnen miwisZvris dros usafrTxoebis zomebis miRebis mcdelo-bisas.

1.� eqspertebma agreTve gamoxates mxardaWera asizis wminda franCeskos bazilikis zianis Sesarbileblad miRebuli sagangebo zomebis mimarT.

1.4 eqspertebi imedovneben, rom es katastrofa gakveTilad gamoadgeba sxvebs da kritikulad iqneba Sefasebuli ama Tu im regionis specifikuri maxasiaTeblebis gaTvalis-winebiT. aman xeli unda Seuwyos riskisTvis mzadyofnis politikis Sesabamis ganviTarebas yvela qveyanaSi, raTa moxdes bunebrivi kataklizmebis zemoqmedebis Semcireba an limitireba. aseTi politikis ganxorcielebis mizniT SemuSavebuli unda iqnas sasikeTo praqtikul gamocdi-lebaze dayrdnobiT Sesabamisi direqtivebi.

1.5 warmatebuli muSaobis gamo adgilobrivi uwyebebisadmi madlierebis gamoTqmisas monawileebma gamoxates mad-liereba asizis wminda franCeskos dedaTa franciska-nelTa monastris gulisxmieri mipatiJebisTvis momdevno wlisTvisac msgavsi samuSao Sexvedris mosawyobad.

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2. riskisTvis mzadyofnis politikis mniSvneloba

2.1 arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis konservaciisas priori-tets kordinebuli movla unda warmoadgendes.

2.2 bunebrivi saSiSroebisas, Zeglebis, RirsSesaniSnavi adgi-lebis an kulturuli landSaftebis mimarT prevenciuli zomebi warmoadgens saukeTeso politikas kulturuli memkvidreobis dasacavad.

2.� riskisTvis mzadyofna uzrunvelyofs Seucvlel stra-tegias da organizacias sagangebo viTarebis menejmentis, zianis prevenciisa da limitirebisTvis.

2.4 riskisTvis mzadyofna kulturuli memkvidreobasTan mimarTebaSi, unda iTvaliswinebdes zogad politikas, romelic SemuSavebulia xalxis infrastruqturis da sa-kuTrebis dacvis mizniT.

2.5 aseTi organizeba moiTxovs yvela Sesabamisi uwyebis ad-gilobrivi doniT dawyebuli monawileoba moxaliseTa organizaciebTan dialogsa da TanamSromlobaSi.

2.6 resursebi saamisod unda iqnas mimarTuli, radganac prevenciuli zomebi ufro ekonomiuria vidre aRdgena.

�. sami momenti romelic unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli:katastrofamde, mis dros da mis Semdeg

�.0.1 riskis Sefaseba unda moxdes sazogado programis ba-zaze, romelic iwyeba winaswari ZiebiT, Seicavs Sesabamis kvlevas, sistematur da amomwurav dokumentacias da iZ-leva Senobis kompleqsurobis Tanmimdevar analizs.

�.0.2 riskis Sefaseba moiTxovs eqspertobas, dros da Sesa-bamis dafinansebas.

�.0.� riskis sxvadasxva tipi da Sesabamisi reagireba unda iyos identificirebuli da gaanalizebuli, adgilmdebareobis specifikisda mixedviT, xanZari, wyaldidoba, miwisZvra, Stormi, mewyeri da sxva.

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�.0.4 riskis Sefaseba unda iyos mimarTuli usafrTxoebis Sesabamis doneTa da regionis da adgilmdebareobis spe-cifikidan gamomdinare potenciuri riskis identifikaci-isken. es yovelive sistematurad unda iyos Segrovebuli da warmodgenili `riskis rukis~ saxiT.

�.0.5 prioritetebis rigi gansazRvruli unda iyos mem-kvidreobis obieqtebis kulturuli Rirebulebebis maTi arasakmao mdgradobisa da potenciuri riskis mixedviT.

�.0.6 koordinirebuli menejmentis gegmebi, maT Soris, pra-qtikuli samoqmedo principebi unda warmoadgendes ar-sebiT iaraRs dacvisTvis, riskis SemcirebisTvis da gafrTxilebisTvis.

�.0.7 riskis Sefaseba Sesabamisi mzadyofnis zomebis gadam-wyveti fazaa, rodesac unda gadawydes, rogori iqneba sagangebo reagirebis strategia da moxdeba misi dawvri-lebiTi damuSaveba.

�.1 sagangebo reagireba

�.1.1 reagirebis gegma unda iyos misawvdomi da dauyovnebliv aRsrulebuli yvela piris mier.

�.1.2 Semarbilebeli zomebi unda iyos awonil-dawonili. zomebs unda mimarTon mxolod mas Semdeg, rac naTlad iqneba identificirebuli riskis done. gansakuTrebu-li yuradReba mieqces operaciaSi monawile adamianTa dacvas.

�.1.� prioriteti unda mieniWos SeTavsebad da Seqcevad zomebs.

�.� restavracia da rekonstruqcia

�.�.1 samuSaoebi unda akmayofilebdes zogadad miRebul konservaciis principebs.

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�.�.2 sagangebo viTarebis dros da aRdgenis dros mosax-leobis droebiTi gadaadgilebis SemTxvevaSi dakavebul teritoriebze unda ganxorcieldes fizikuri dagegmva da saTanado yuradReba unda mieqces kulturuli land-Saftebisa da garemos mniSvnelobebs.

4. wvrTna da sazogadoebis gaTviTcnobiereba

a� riskis Sefaseba da sagangebo reagireba gulisxmobs xal-xis adekvatur wvrTnas da unar-Cvevebis gamomuSavebas.

b) Zeglebis da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis menejerebi unda iyvnen gaTviTcnobierebuli da unda hqondeT gavlili Sesabamisi wvrTna, raTa efeqturad moaxdinon riskisTvis mzadyofnis zomebis da samoqmedo principebis Sesrule-ba.

g� memkvidreobis obieqtis mesakuTres da sazogadoebas un-da gacnobierebuli hqondeT istoriuli nagebobebis xSi-rad monaxulebis da prevenciuli movlis aucilebloba.

d� gadawyvetilebis mimRebebs gacnobierebuli unda hqondeT riskisTvis mzadyofnis mniSvneloba da unda ganaxorcie-lon Sesabamisi politika.

6. wyaroebi

es deklaracia dafuZnebulia ramdenime arsebuli dokumen-tis rekomendaciebsa da daskvnebze, rogorebicaa:

_ 1993 wels evropis sabWos rekomendaciebi `arqiteqturu-li memkvidreobis dacva bunebrivi katastrofebisgan~ da, gansakuTrebiT skopies samuSao jgufis 1988 wlis reko-mendaciebi.

_ UNE�CO-s konvenciebi da rekomendaciebi.

_ ICCROM-is wvrTnis programebi.

_ evrokodeqsi nomeri 8 `saproeqto miTiTebani nagebobaTa

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gaZlierebis gamo miwisZvris dros~.

_ ICOMO�-is mier 1993 wlidan IATF-isTvis organizebuli mrgvali magidis angariSebi.

_ `blu Sildis saerTaSoriso komitetis~ iniciativa Se-muSavebuli ICOM-Tan (muzeumebis saerTaSoriso sabWo), ICOMO�-Tan (Zeglebis da RirsSesaniSnavi adgilebis saerTaSoriso sabWo), ICA-Tan (arqivebis saerTaSoriso sabWo), IFLA-s (biblioTekebis asociaciebis da institu-ciebis saerTaSoriso federacia) erTad, UNE�CO-sa da ICCROM-is mxardaWeriT.

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