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Modern Society and Globa

l Language

Instructor: Professor Yong-Won Lee

Department of English Language and Literature

Seoul National Universit

!ffice: "uilding #$ %oom #&'

Email: lee(&)snu*ac*+r

Phone: (,-(-,.#'

/all ,(&.

(Chapter 2)

1

mailto:ylee01@snu.ac.krmailto:ylee01@snu.ac.kr

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WHY English?The Historical Contexts

Why is English the Global Language?-Two Answers: (a) Geographical-Historical one (Chapter 2);

(b) Socio-Cultural one (Chapters 3 & );

- Co!bination o" (a) & (b) resulte# in $an% arieties o" 'nglish

(Chapter )

Historical Account: * Traces the !o+e!ent o" 'nglish aroun# the worl#; - The ,th-centur% colonial #e+elop!ents; - A#option as an (ora se!i)-o""icial language o" newl% in#epen#ent states in !i# 2.thcentur%; - Sprea# o" representation in e+er% continent an# islan#s in three !a/or 0ceans

SocioCultural Account: 1oos at the wa% people ha+e co!e to #epen# on 'nglish "or their econo!ic an# social well-being; enetration into the international #o!ains o" political li"e4 business4 sa"et%4 co!!unications4 entertain!ent4 an# the !e#ia & e#ucation;Se+eral #o!ains5 total #epen#ence on 'nglish * co!puter so"tware i

n#ustr% 2

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!"er"ie#: Historical Context

Origin (UK)

America

Canada

The Caribbean Australia & New Zealand

South Asia

Former Colonial Arica

South Arica

South !ast Asia & The South "aciic

A world #iew

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!rigin $%&'

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!rigin

Mo"e(ent o) AngloSaxons in *thCentury:- 6orthern 'urope to 'nglan# (Stronghol#s o" the Celtic languages);

- 'ntere# art o" 7ales4 Cornwall4 Cu!bria4 an# southern Scotlan#

+or(an ,n"asion in -.//: $an% nobles "le# to Scotlan# an# were welc

o!e# (along with the 'nglish language)

Ex0ansion into ,reland1 beginning in -2thCentury:

- Anglo-6or!an nights were sent across the 8rish Sea;

- 8relan# "ell un#er 'nglish rule

The 3irst Signi)icant Ste0 in the End o) -/thCentury: - Colonial '9pansions into 6orth A!erica an# "urther #e+elop!ents

- etween the 'lisabeth 8 an# 88 perio# (,.3-,2);

- -< !illion => 2. !illion speaers o" 'nglish

5

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A(erica

6

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A(erica

Early EnglishS0ea4ing Settle(ents in A(erica- The 3irst Ex0edition $-*56': Co!!issione# b% 7alter ?aleigh (,@);

A group o" e9plorers establishe# a s!all settle!ent near ?oanoe 8slan# (6orth

Carolina); Con"licts with the nati+e people; isappearance o" settle!ent

- The Second Ex0edition $-/.7': The "irst per!anent settle!ent built in the

Chesapeae a% area; Calle# the settle!ent Ba!estown an# the area &irginia)

- The Third Ex0edition $-/2.': The "irst group o" puritans on $a%"lowerlan#e#

at Cape Co# a% an# establishe# a settle!ent at l%!outh4 $assachusetts; The

near area calle# 6ew 'nglan#

8i))erent Linguistic 9ac4grounds o) Settlers:

- irginia:$ost o" settlers "ro! 7est Count% (So!erset4 Gloucestershire);u!!erDet +oicing o" EsF soun#s & ErF pronounce# strongl% a"ter +owels;

Ti#ewater accents in Tangier 8slan#

- +e# England: Settlers "ro! 'astern counties o" 'nglan# (1incolnshire4

6ottingha!shire4 'sse94 ent4 an# 1on#on) an# $i#lan#s:

6ot pronouncing ErF a"ter +owels

7

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A(erica

8

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A(erica

8ialectal 8istinctions in A(erican English

- 0riginate# "ro! earl% patterns o" settle!ents an# !igration routes

- +orthern $+e# England': $o+e# west into the Great 1aes area

- Southern $irginia': $o+e# along the Gul" coasts into Te9as

- Midland:Sprea# throughout the !i#-western area4 across the$ississippi into Cali"ornia

Additional Wa"es o) ,((igration:

- The -7thCentury:6ew shiploa#s o" i!!igrants; enns%l+ania

settle# !ainl% b% uaers "ro! the $i#lan#s an# the 6orth o" 'nglan#;

- The -5thCentury:A +ast wa+e o" i!!igration "ro! northern

8relan#; .4.. 8rish an# Scots-8rish in ,

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A(erica

;o0ulation ,ncrease bet#een -77.-57.: !illions (the "irst census) to . !illions; Settlers sprea# throughout the continent; The Ebroa#F accent was hear# all o+er the Sunbelt ("ro! irginia to southern Cali"ornia); 8t isclosel% associate# with present-#a% A!erican speech

+onEnglish in)luence on the English language

- The Spanish: occupie# large parts o" the west an# south-west;

- The Irench: the northern territories4 aroun# St 1awrence ?i+er

an# throughout the !i##le region (Irench 1ouisiana) as "ar as the

Gul" o" $e9ico;

- The utch: in 6ew Jor (originall% 6ew A!ster#a!) an# the

surroun#ing area;

- The Ger!an: Settling in enns%l+ania an# hinterlan#

- A"ricans: Sla+e tra#e; "ro! 24 .. in ,

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A(erica

The -