Ms. Bowie 1 Common Diseases of the Digestive System Human Biology 11.
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Transcript of Ms. Bowie 1 Common Diseases of the Digestive System Human Biology 11.
Ms. Bowie1
Common Diseases of the Digestive System
Human Biology 11
2
Digestive System
• Extends from mouth to anus
• Functions
–Digestion
–Absorption
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 3
Digestive SystemStructures
• Mouth
– Teeth grind & tear food;
– Tongue pushes and squeezes food;
– Saliva contains amylase enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 4
Digestive SystemStructures
• Stomach – holds food until digestive juices chemically break it down.
• Proteins are broken down by pepsin
• Mucus protects the lining from acid
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 5
Digestive SystemStructures
• Pyloric sphincter controls the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestines.
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 6
Digestive SystemStructures
• Small Intestines – food digestion
completed and – nutrients
absorbed into bloodstream
– Enzymes from pancreas break down carbs, proteins & fats
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 7
Digestive System
• Accessory Organs
–Liver – produces bile for breakdown of fats
–Gallbladder – stores bile produced by liver
–Pancreas - makes insulin and digestive enzymes
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 8
Digestive System
• Accessory Organs
–Liver – produces bile for breakdown of fats
–Gallbladder – stores bile produced by liver
–Pancreas - manufactures insulin and digestive enzymes
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 9
Digestive SystemStructures(continued)
• Large Intestines – absorbs water,
mineral salts and vitamins
–secretes mucus to aid in movement of feces
–Some vitamins are made here by bacteria
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 10
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
• Ulcer - a lesion or erosion of the lining of the stomach or small intestine
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 11
• Hepatitis – inflammation of the liver
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 12
• Cirrhosis – chronic disease of liver where scar tissue replaces liver tissue
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 13
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
• Gall stones - stones in the gallbladder
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 14
• Colitis – inflammation & ulcers in the large intestine
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 15
• Crohn’s Disease – inflammation of the small & large intestines
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Appsroved Curriculum-Unit 7
16
• Hemorrhoids - enlarged veins in anal area
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 17
• Constipation - difficulty in expelling fecal material; incomplete or infrequent bowel movements
• Diarrhea – watery bowel movements
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 18
• Gastritis – inflammation of the stomach lining
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 19
• Enteritis – inflammation of the intestines
• Gastroenteritis - inflammation of the stomach lining and intestines
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 20
• Hernia – protrusion of organ through wall of cavity where it is normally contained
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 721
• Cancer - may occur anywhere along digestive tract
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 22
• Diverticulosis - chronic disease when small pouches form in the lining and wall of the colon
• Diverticulitis – inflammation of pouches
Common Disorders Of The Digestive System
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 23
