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100
umciresobebi
mravalferovani saqarTveloarCil qiqoZe
msoflioSi bevrad meti eTnosia (erovneba), vidre saxelmwifo.
ufro metic, istoriis manZilze mravali saxelmwifo samudamod
gaqra, xolo bevri eTnosi sruliad gaiTqvifa sxva xalxebSi. arse-
bobs Cvenze bevrad mravalricxovani erebi (magaliTad, qurTebi,
romlebic TiTqmis 40 milioni arian), romelTac arasodes hqoniaT
sakuTari saxelmwifo. amis gaTvaliswinebiT SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom
Cven `gagvimarTla~ – qarTvelebi dRemde varsebobT da gvaqvs Cveni
saxelmwifo – saqarTvelo, romlis sazRvrebi istoriis manZilze
mudam icvleboda, zogjer aseTi qveyana sruliad qreboda xang-
Zlivi droiT, magram ukve oc welze metia Cven isev vcxovrobT da-
moukidebel saxelmwifoSi – saqarTveloSi, rac garkveul pasuxis-
mgeblobebs gvaniWebs, radgan xangrZlivi istoriuli pauzis Semdeg
Cven isev gavxdiT sakuTari bedis ganmkargvelebi. Cven gvakisria
pasuxismgebloba saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi moqalaqeebis mimarT
da maT Soris (Tu ara gansakuTrebulad) aq mcxovrebi eTnikuri
(erovnuli) umciresobebis mimarTac, radgan eTnikuri umciresobe-
bi – patara Tu didi jgufebi – yvelaze mgrZnobiare arian ama Tu im
cvlilebis mimarT da yvelaze mZafrad reagireben maTze.
eTnoss uwodeben saerTo kulturuli da socialuri tradiciis mqone socialur jgufs.
erovnebas iseve, ro-gorc ers ori gansxvave-buli mniSvneloba aqvs – eTnikuri da, zogadi, politikuri. pirveli mniSvnelobiT eri eTno-sis arsebobis formasa da mis socialur organi-zacias aRniSnavs, xolo erovneba eTnikuri mi-kuTvnebulobis gamomx-atvelia.
Aazerbaijaneli mwyemsebi
100 101
mravalferovani saqarTvelo
mravalferovani saqarTvelo
saqarTvelo mravalerovani Tu, rogorc ufro xSirad vambobT,
mravaleTnikuri qveyanaa. ase iyo mudam da ase iqneba momavalSi.
amaSi gasakviri araferia. eTnikuri sazRvrebi iSviaTad emTxveva
saxelmwifo sazRvrebs, xolo monoeTnikuri (sadac mxolod erTi
erovnebis xalxi cxovrobs) qveynebi ufro gamonaklisia, vidre
Cveulebrivi movlena da, Sesabamisad, Zalian cotaa msoflioSi.
monoeTnikuri saxelmwifosken swrafva saxifaTo utopiaa, romel-
sac Zalian cudisken – nacionalizmis ukiduresi formisken mivya-
varT. es seni ki erTxel ukve moixada msofliom da samudamod dag-
mo.
da mainc, miuxedavad im gamocdilebisa, romelic kacobriobas
daugrovda, mainc gauTaveblad meordeba erTi da igive Secdomebi
da msoflios ama Tu im kuTxeSi mudmivad xdeba konfliqtebi, sadac
sxvadasxva erovnebis warmomadgenlebi upirispirdebian erTmaneTs.
es aris namdvili ubedureba, saxelmwifoTa Soris omze kidev ufro
uaresi da daundobeli, radgan saxelmwifoebma SeiZleba moilapa-
rakon da cecxli Sewyviton, eTnikuri konfliqtebi ki swored
susti da umwifari saxelmwifoebis SigniT xdeba, TiTqos arsaidan
Cndeba (Tumca yovelTvis aqvs winapiroba) da misi SeCereba Zalian
Znelia. mezobeli upirispirdeba mezobels, guSindeli megob rebi,
klaselebi barikadebis sxvadasxva mxares xvdebian, orive mxri-
dan pirvelebi omSi uangarod CarTuli idealisti axalgazrdebi
iRupebian, xolo orive mxares patriotul lozungebs amofare-
buli kriminalebi Zarcvaven, daundoblad anadgureben sxva eTni-
kuri warmomavlobis kacebs, qalebs, bavSvebs. eTnikuri wmenda da
misi ukiduresi forma, genocidi, swored eTnikuri konfliqtebis
saSineli Sedegia.
da kidev, eTnikur konfliqtebSi ar arsebobs gamarjvebuli. uc-
naurad JRers, magram mwams, rom asea. marTalia, erTi mxare marcx-
deba, kargavs saxl-kars, qonebas, iqceva ltolvilad, magram es su-
lac ar niSnavs, rom meore mxare gamarjvebulia. nebismier miwaze,
sadac moxda eTnikuri konfliqti, is eTnikuri jgufi, romelmac
meore dajabna, Tavs komfortulad ver grZnobs. aseT teritorieb-
ze ar viTardeba biznesi da turizmi, investorebi fuls ar deben,
radgan yvelam icis, rom konfliqti mxolod gayinulia da ara –
dasrulebuli. `gamarjvebuls~ ara aqvs stabilurobis SegrZneba,
uxifaTo xvalindeli dRis imedi, omiT mopovebuli miwa mas bed-
monoeTnikur saxelmwifo- Si ZiriTadi eris xvedriTi wi li mTeli mosaxleobis 99 pro cents aRemateba. msofli-os 190 saxelmwifodan aseTi mxolod TerTmetia: ungreTi, islandia da portugalia – ev-ropaSi, samxreT korea da ko-reis saxalxo-demokratiuli respublika – aziaSi, madagas-kari da san-tomes da prinsipis respublika – afrikaSi, haiti – laTinur amerikaSi da tonga – okeaneTSi.
Qsomexi QqaliQ, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910
102
nierebas ver aniWebs. damarcxebuli mxare mudmivad revanSis (Su-
risZiebis) survliTaa Sepyrobili da axal Sanss, axal naperwkals
elodeba. am revanSis wyurviliT izrdeba axali Taobac, romlis-
Tvisac TvaliT arasdros nanaxi dakarguli samSoblo da saxl-kari
miTiur samoTxed iqceva. xSirad gayinuli eTnikuri konfliqtebi
aTwleulebis mere grZeldeba da axal sisxls, axal ubedurebas
iwvevs.
risTvis damWirda amxela Sesavali? ra Tqma unda, mkiTxvelis
SesaSineblad – ara. Cven vcxovrobT kavkasiaSi – mravaleTnikur,
mravalenovan, sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis regionSi. es kulturu-
li mravalferovneba kavkasias did xibls aniWebs. amave dros is
SeiZleba iyos xifaTis matarebeli. piradad me sabWoTa kavSirSi
gavizarde, am qveyanaSi Tvrameti wlis asakamde vicxovre da kargad
maxsovs is dro, rodesac sabWoTa kavSiris xalxebs `moZme erebs~
uwodebdnen. is tyuili iyo, xolo moZme erebis erToba – iZulebiTi.
ase rom ar yofiliyo, sabWoTa kavSiris ngrevisTanave moZme erebis
warmomadgenlebi ase sastikad ar daereodnen erTmaneTs. mizezTa
moloknebi iseve, ro-gorc duxoborebi da staroverebi qris-tiani seqtantebi arian, romlebic ewinaaRmde-gebodnen samxedro sam-saxurs da uaryofdnen saero wesebs. isini me-fis ruseTis dros, me-19 saukuneSi, gadmoasaxles imperiis Soreul kun-WulSi – saqarTveloSi. maTi didi nawili ninow-mindis raionSi, aseve dmanisSi dasaxlda.
duxobori qalebi
umciresobebi
102
gamo, yvelaze meti konfliqti kavkasiis regionSi moxda. yarabaRis,
samxreT oseTis da afxazeTis konfliqtTa Sedegebi dResac mou-
SuSebel Wrilobad atyvia samxreT kavkasias. meoce saukunis oTx-
mocdaaTiani wlebis dasawyisSi Camoyalibebis procesSi myofma kav-
kasiurma saxelmwifoebma – somxeTma, azerbaijanma, saqarTvelom
– am konfliqtebis arideba ver SeZles. samarTlianobisTvis unda
iTqvas, rom sabWoTa kavSiris samarTalmemkvidre ruseTi erTader-
Ti Zala iyo, romelmac am omebiT ixeira. igi iaraRs awvdida yvela
mxares, xolo zogierTs ufro did daxmarebasac uwevda. areuli
da daulagebeli kavkasia, sadac Tavad arbitrisa da mSvidobismyo-
felis rolSi gamovidoda, Cvens Crdiloel mezobels awyobda maSin
da awyobs dResac, magram Tavad kavkasiur saxelmwifoebs, konf-
liqtSi CarTul eTnosebs, azerbaijanlebs, somxebs, qarTvelebs,
afxazebs, osebs da maT mmarTvel elitebs da maT inteleqtualebs
– mecnierebs, mwerlebs, reJisorebs – yvelas, visac avtoriteti
hqonda da sityva eTqmoda, ar eyo sibrZne da SorsmWvreteloba, rom
ubedureba Tavidan aecilebina.
sxvaTa Soris, im dros kavkasiaSi momxdari konfliqtebis arsi da
winapirobebi ar iyo erTgvarovani, zogi konfliqti ufro didxans
mwifdeboda, zogi ufro spontanurad moxda, zogis Tavidan arideba
ufro rTuli iqneboda, zogis ki, albaT, SesaZlebeli iyo. eTnikuri
konfliqtis Tavidan acilebis universaluri meqanizmi albaT arc
arsebobs, magram arsebobs ori `jadosnuri~ sityva – pativiscema
da integracia da, vfiqrob, am or sityvaSi mSvidobiani da megobru-
li Tanacxovrebis mTavari winapirobebi imaleba.
urTierTis kulturis, tradiciebis codna da maTi pativiscema
marTlac uebari wamalia. aba, davfiqrdeT, ra cota ram viciT Cvens
gverdiT mcxovrebi eTnikuri jgufebis Sesaxeb. xSirad Cveni cod-
na am jgufebis, erovnebebis Sesaxeb mxolod garkveul stereoti-
pebzea damyarebuli. stereotipi ki yovelTvis zerelea – faqtob-
rivad igivea, rac anegdoti. saerTod, kavkasielebs gamZafrebuli
aqvT erovnuli identobis grZnoba. qarTvelebi Zalian vamayobT
sakuTari warsuliT, kulturiT da zustad ase arian sxvebic. ara-
sodes moeqce sxvas ise, rogorc ar ginda, rom Tavad mogeqcnen. Cven
patara xalxi varT da amitom gvaqvs mudmivi SiSi sxvebSi gaTqvefis,
sakuTari identobis dakargvisa. xandaxan es SiSi sakmaod paranoi-
dul xasiaTs iRebs. axla warmoidgineT, rom arseboben Cvenze pa-
tara xalxebic imave SiSebiT da identobis iseTive mZafri grZno-
biT. xSirad Cven maT Sesaxeb araferi viciT. arada sainteresoa...
iciT, rom kaxeTSi, yvarlis raionis sofel zinobianSi, cxovro-
ben udiebi, romlebic mTel msoflioSi sul aTi aTasi arian. dRe-
vandeli azerbaijanis da nawilobriv aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
vainaxi – CeCnebisa da inguSebis saerTo saxel-wodebaa da niSnavs `Cvens xalxs~. am terminiT es monaTesave xalxebi Ta-vianT Tavs CrdiloeT kavkasiis sxva eTnose-bisagan gamoyofdnen. ramdenadac vainaxebi uSualod emezoblebod-nen saqarTvelos, ker-Zod ki, TuSeTsa da xev-sureTs, teritoriuli siaxlove xels uwyobda vainaxuri tomebis qar-Tul TemebSi Serevas. Sua saukuneebidan qarTulSi mkvidrdeba termini qis-ti, romelSic igulisxme-ba rogorc CeCnebi, aseve inguSebi. amave dros qistebad iwodeba panki-sis xeobaSi gadmosuli da kompaqturad mosaxle CeCnuri warmomavlobis eTnikuri jgufi, Tum-ca zogierTi mecnieri qistebs calke vainaxur tomad miiCnevs. sofeli duisi pankisis xeobaSi yvelaze adreuli qistu-ri dasaxleba unda iyos.
mravalferovani saqarTvelo
Qudi, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910
103
104
teritoriaze odesRac arsebobda saxelmwifo albaneTi, romelic
msoflio rukidan arabTa Semosevebis Sedegad gaqra, gaqrnen alba-
nelebic, romelTa STamomavlebad swored udiebi miiCnevian...
saerTod, alaznis marcxena napiri, sadac zinobiani mdebareobs,
axmetis raionidan moyolebuli vidre lagodexamde, didi eTniku-
ri mravalferovnebiT gamoirCeva. Cvens mkiTxvels albaT gaugia
pankisis xeoba, sadac qistebi (rogorc saqarTveloSi veZaxiT), anu
vainaxebi – CeCnebisa da inguSebis monaTesave xalxi, cxovroben, ma-
gram pankisic gagvigia mxolod politikuri viTarebebis gamo, Ta-
vad qistTa yofaze, maT wes-Cveulebebsa da adaTze bevri araferi
viciT. pankisidan rom alaznis marcxena napirs davuyveT, qarTul
soflebSi mimobneul sxvadasxva erovnebis Temebs movinaxulebT
– osuri juRaani da wiwkanaanTseri, avaruli soflebi Tivi, CanT-
lisyure da saruso... avarelebi daRestnis yvelaze didi eTnosia.
iseve, rogorc sxva daRestnur tomebs, qarTvelebi lekebs (mom-
dinareobs erT-erTi daRestnuri tomis `lakebis~ saxelwodebidan)
uwodeben, an arada erTi bewo daRestani swored rom msoflios
gamorCeuli kuTxea eTnikuri mravalferovnebiT. daRestanSi oc-
daaTze meti ena (da ara dialeqti) gvxvdeba... sakmarisia gzidan ga-
davuxvioT da am samidan romelime avarul sofelSi SevideT, rom
aRmovCndebiT CvenTvis ucxo samyaroSi, romelzec araferi viciT
da romelsac araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda vufrTxodeT – piriqiT.
Cem CamoTvlil nebismier sofelSi stumars sixaruliT iReben.
es xom kavkasiaa, adgili, sadac stumari RvTis saCuqrad iTvleba.
CanTlisyureli avareli iqneba es Tu pankiseli qisti, mxolod gaxa-
rebuli darCeba, Tuki vinme maTi yofiT an problemebiT dainteres-
deba.
`lekuri~ soflebis gavlis Semdeg, Tuki lagodexisken gava-
grZelebT gzas, jer Cven mier ukve naxseneb udiur zinobians ga-
vivliT, mere ki – azerbaijanlebis uzarmazar sofels, kabals. mTa-
vari gzidan odnav Tu gadavuxvevT, imave lagodexis raionSi rusi
molokanebis patara dasaxlebas – grafovkasac vnaxavT. aRsaniS-
navia, rom am soflebis arseboba bevrma arc ki icis da ise Cauvlis
gverds, rom verc ki gaigebs, rom aq gansxvavebuli enis, warmoSobis
da adaTis xalxi cxovrobs, an arada – sainteresoa. mravalferovne-
ba yovelTvis sainteresoa da hoda, kvira dRes, Tuki yvarlis raio-
nis sofel axalsoflis siaxloves moxvdebiT, aucileblad ewvieT
axalsoflis bazrobas, sadac regionis eTnikur mravalferovnebas
mTeli Tavisi mSvenierebiT ixilavT...
axla ki cota xniT Tavi davaneboT saqarTvelos regionebs da
gadmovinacvloT mis dedaqalaqSi, TbilisSi, sadac saukuneebis
manZilze gverdi-gverd cxovroben qarTvelebi, somxebi, iezidi Qudi, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910
avareli qali, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910
umciresobebi
104 105
qurTebi, qristiani asirielebi (aisorebi), ebraelebi, azerbaijan-
lebi, polonelebi, rusebi... metsac getyviT, didi xnis manZilze
Cveni dedaqalaqis mosaxleobis umetesobas somxebi Seadgendnen.
mTeli mecxramete saukune da meocis dasawyisi swored Tbilisi, da
ara erevani, iyo somxuri kulturis centri, xolo somxuri salite-
raturo enis safuZveli swored Tbilisuri somxuri dialeqti
gaxda, rogorc, magaliTad, qarTuli saliteraturo enis safuZ-
veli gaxda qarTluri dialeqti. Tbiliss araerTi saamayo somexi
erovnebis msoflio moqalaqe hyolia, iqneboda es mecenati Tu kul-
mravalferovani saqarTvelo
avareli qalebi
106
turis moRvawe. rad Rirs Tundac mwerali ovanes Tumaniani an reJisori sergei
farajanovi, romelTa danatovari ukve didi xania gascda somxuri an qarTuli
kulturis farglebs da msoflio kulturuli memkvidreobis nawilia. iyo dro,
roca TbilisisTvis namdvilad ar kmaroda mxolod saqarTvelos dedaqalaqoba.
is Zveli Tbilisi, romelsac kidev didi xani nostalgiiT ixsenebdnen poetebi,
kavkasiis dedaqalaqic iyo, namdvili kosmopolisi – qalaqi, romlis moqalaqeo-
ba ufro mets niSnavs, vidre romelime eTnikuri jgufis kuTvnileba. am qalaqs
mravali mexotbe hyavda da maTSi gamorCeulia warmoSobiT somexi poeti saiaT-
nova, romelic Tavis leqsebs somxur, azerbaijanul, qarTul da sparsul enebze
werda, Tanac erT leqsSi SeeZlo oTxive ena gamoeyenebina.
iezidi qalebi
umciresobebi
106 107
im Zveli Tbilisisgan mxolod legendaRa darCa. Cvens dedaqalaq-
Si dResac cxovroben sxvadasxva warmomavlobis da aRmsareblo-
bis adamianebi, magram dakargulia qalaqis saerTo kosmopolitu-
ri suli. sxvadasxva eTnikuri jgufi marginalur sazogadoebebad
arseboben da Cven maT praqtikulad ar vxvdebiT, TiTqmis araferi
viciT maT Sesaxeb.
da ai, aq nabij-nabij mivediT integraciis problemamde, anu iqam-
de, Tu raoden arian CarTuli sxvadasxva erovnuli umciresobe-
bi sazogadoebriv-politikur cxovrebaSi, ra monawileobas iRe-
ben isini sakuTari qalaqis, regionis, qveynisTvis mniSvnelovani
sakiTxebis gadaWraSi.
Tavidanve vityvi, rom am CarTulobis xarisxi Zalian mcirea. es,
erTi mxriv, Zalze cudia da amasTan erTad Zalze cudad Cans gare-
dan. Cveni politikosebi pirvelis ara, magram meore xarvezis gas-
worebas mudmivad cdiloben: magaliTad, Cvens parlamentSi mud-
mivad arian azerbaijanuli da somxuri erovnebis deputatebi.
ratom es ori erovneba? imitom, rom swored azerbaijanlebi da
somxebi warmoadgenen saqarTvelos yvelaze did araqarTvel eTni-
kur jgufebs. ufro metic, Cvens qveyanaSi aris ori regioni, sadac
am ori erovnebis xalxi umravlesobas warmoadgens. es regionebia
qvemo qarTli (marneulis da nawilobriv gardabnis da bolnisis
raionebi) – azerbaijanelTa SemTxvevaSi da javaxeTi (axalqalaqis
da ninowmindis raionebi) – somexTa SemTxvevaSi. mTlianad azerbai-
januli mosaxleoba saqarTvelos mosaxleobis 6,5 procents Sead-
gens, xolo somxuri – 5,7 procents. es ar aris mcire cifrebi da
sergo farajanovi (1924-1990) – XX saukunis didi reJisori, qarTuli da sabWoTa kinos SesaniSna-vi warmomadgeneli, eT-nikurad somexi, daibada da gaizarda TbilisSi, cxovrebis didi nawil-ic TbilisSi gaatara. dakrZalulia erevanSi. avtoria cnobili filme-bisa: `aSik-qeribi~ (1988), `ambavi suramis cixisa~ (1984), `saiaTnova~ (1968), `miviwyebuil winapar-Ta aCrdilebi~ (1962), `ukrainuli rafsodia~ (1961) da sxva.
saiaTnova (namdvili sa-xe li – aruTiun saiaTiani) (1712-1795) – saqarTve-loSi moRvawe eTnikurad somexi poeti, aSuRi, mom-Rerali. werda da lapa-rakobda remdenime enaze. erekle II-is karis momRe-rali, romelic, gadmo-cemiT, diplomatis funq-ciasac asrulebda. mefis qaliSvilis siyvaru lis gamo karis samsaxuri da-karga da danarCeni cxov-reba gzaSi xetialsa da simReraSi galia. 1768 wels berad Sedga axpat-Si (somxeTi), drodadro ubrundeboda Tbiliss. dakrZalulia Tbilisis surfgevorqis eklesiaSi.
mravalferovani saqarTvelo
somexi didvaWris TamamSevisQ bebiebi, QTamamSevaQ daQmirimanova.Q1898
108
somxur-azerbaijanuli mosaxleoba diaxac imsaxurebs
imas, rom sakanonmdeblo organoSi sakuTari warmomad-
geneli hyavdes. es politikosebma kargad ician da dRes
saqarTveloSi, iSviaTi gamonaklisis garda, ar arsebobs
politikuri partia, romelsac Tavis rigebSi am erovne-
baTa warmomadgeneli ar hyavdes. da axla, modi, erTad
gavixsenoT, ismis Tu ara saqarTvelos parlamentSi am
deputatebis xma, moaqvT Tu ara maT sakanonmdeblo or-
ganoSi da, Sesabamisad, Cvenamdec sakuTari xalxis da re-
gionis problemebi. aqve vityvi, rom – ara. rogorc wesi,
parlamentSi moxvedrili araqarTveli deputatebi nak-
lebad Canan, mmarTveli politikuri partiebi icvlebian
da Tavis partiebSi mudam, TiTqos sagangebod, irCeven so-
mexi da azerbaijanuli erovnebis iseT warmomadgenlebs,
romelTac sakuTari xalxis da kuTxis xma da gasaWi ri Cve-
namde ver moaqvT. vfiqrob, problema aris Tavad qarTul
sazogadoebaSic, romelsac am mdgomareobaSi yofna `ur-
Cevnia~, ase ufro komfortulad grZnobs Tavs. oRond
regionebSi problemebi grovdeba, Cven ki amis Sesaxeb
araferi viciT. an iqneb arc gvinda, rom es problemebi
vicodeT, Cveni xelisuflebebis msgavsad ase ufro kom-
fortulad vgrZnobT Tavs.
iezidi, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.1910
iezidi qali, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke. 1910
qurTebi wina aziis erT-erTi uZvelesi xalxia. qurTebi Ziri-Tadad muslimebi arian da laparakoben kurmanjize, romelic iranuli enebis Stos miekuTvneba. calkeuli qurTuli tomebis saqarTveloSi XVI saukunidan Cndebian. muslimi qurTebis gar-da saqarTveloSi cxovroben aramuslimi qurTebi – iezidebi, romlebic damoukidebeli saqarTvelos mTavrobam 1918 wels TurqeTidan miiRo, sadac isini religiur-politikur devnas ganicdidnen. iezidebi monoTeistebi – erTi RmerTis mimdevrebi arian.
ovanes Tumaniani (1869-1923) – somexi mwera-li da sazogado moRvawe. man cxovrebis didi nawili saqarTveloSi gaatara. werda leq-sebs, poemebs, moTxrobebs, zRaprebs, iga-vebsa da baladebs. iyo qarTveli da somexi xalxebis megobrobisa da siyvarulis Tav-dadebuli damcveli, qarTvelTa didi gul-Sematkivari.
ai, ras werda mis Sesaxeb mogonebaSi tician tabiZe: `…mis pirovnebaSi iyo didi adamianuri ganaTeba, romelic samuda-mo megobrad xdida, visac is daelaparakeboda…... pirveli ada-miani, romelsac yvelaze ufro awvalebda fiqri somxeTisa da qarTvelebis Zmobaze, iyo ovanes Tumaniani. …didi patrio-toba ar uSlida ovaness yofiliyo qarTvelebis orientaci-isa...… saqveynod cnobilia, rom …roca qarTvel-somexTa omi daiwyo, zogi mis SvilebTagan moxvda erevanSi, ovanes Tuma-nianma ubrZana Svilebs ar mieRoT monawileoba omSi, Torem is maT daswyevlida – es iyo didi siyvarulis aqti...~
umciresobebi
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diaxac, dRes saqarTvelos eTnikuri umciresobebis sazogadoeb-
riv da politikur cxovrebaSi integracia Zalze mcirea, xolo eT-
nikurad araqarTuli regionebi xelisuflebas da sazogadoebas,
rogorc wesi, mxolod arCevnebis dros axsendeba xolme. da umete-
sad arCevnebis dros am regionebSi mmarTveli partia imarjvebs imi-
tom, rom aseTi regionebis mosaxleobas cvlilebebi afrTxobs, ase
vTqvaT, `SeCveuli Wiri~ urCevnia xvalindel gaurkvevlobas, ufro
metic, araferi icis mimdinare politikuri movlenebis Sesaxeb,
radgan procesebSi integrirebuli ar aris da, mendeT, imitom ara,
rom integracia ar unda. didwilad maT integracias qarTuli sazo-
gadoeba gaurbis da mere javaxeTSi an qvemo qarTlSi SemTxveviT
moxvedrilebi aRmovaCenT, rom ̀ xedav, qarTuli ar ician!~, ̀ saqarT-
veloSi cxovroben da qarTuli ar ician!~ aseT dros, rogorc wesi,
Cvens aRSfoTebas sazRvari ar aqvs, magram iSviaTad Tu davfiqr-
debiT imaze, Tu ratom ar ician? ratom ar sWirdebaT saxelmwifo
enis codna? ratom cxovroben es adamianebi TviTkmar Temebad da
ratom Semoifargleba maTi qarTulis codna im sityviT, romlebic
Tavisi moyvanili soflis meurneobis produqtebis gasayidad Sei-
Zleba dasWirdeT...
mravalferovani saqarTvelo
faravnis tbasTan mcxovrebi somxebi
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saqarTveloSi mcxovre-bi berZnebi iyofian e.w pontos berZnebad da urumebad. pirvelad pontos berZnebis dasax-lebebi XVIII saukuneSi Cndeba, rodesac isi-ni erekle meorem Ca-moasaxla aRmosavleT anatoliidan (TurqeTi) axtalis spilenZis, ver-cxlisa da oqros saba-doebis dasamuSaveblad. pontos berZnebi elino-fonebi arian, anu isini laparakoben berZnuli enis pontos dialeqtze. berZnuli sityva `pon-tos~, antikuri tradici-iT, Savi zRvispireTis samxreT da samxreT-aR-mosavleT teritoriis aRsaniSnavad gamoiyene-boda, sadac berZnebma VI saukuneSi dasaxlebebi daarses. elinofonebis ZiriTadi nawili saqarT-veloSi XIX saukunis 50-80-ian wlebSi dasaxlda.
urumebs uwodeben walk-is raionSi macxovrebel Turqulenovan berZnebs. termini `urumi~ ukav-Sirdeba laTinur sity-vas `romas~ da aRniSnavs romaels, anu aRmosav-leT romis imperiis qve-Sevrdoms.
es rTuli Temaa. integracia rTuli
procesia, romelsac sazogadoebis da
mTavrobis didi Zalisxmeva sWirdeba.
advili mxolod urTierTobis gafuWe-
baa, ginda calkeul adamianebs da ginda
xalxebs Soris. amitomac ufrTxildebi-
an wesieri adamianebi sxva adamianebs, maT
grZnobebs, angariSs uweven maT azrebs da
es exeba ukvlebliv yvelafers – ojaxs,
samegobros, sazogadoebas. saqarTveloSi
mcxovrebi eTnikuri umciresobebi Cveni
sazogadoebis nawilia – asec unda iyos,
aseTad unda grZnobdnen Tavs! sxvanairad
Cven qveyanas ver avaSenebT. qveynis aSene-
ba ki erTad mogviwevs. sxva gamosavali ar
gvaqvs.
me gamimarTla. bavSvobidan moyolebu-
li Zalian didi dro gavatare qalaqgareT,
velze, mraval SesaniSnav adamians Sevxv-
di. Cemi Tevzaobis pirveli maswavlebe-
li azerbaijaneli kaci, sofel araxlos
mkvidri magradeli iyo, iSviaTad Semx-
vedria faravnis tbis piras mcxovrebi so-
mexi kacis kirakozisnairi keTili adami-
ani. dRes aRarc erTi cocxali aRar aris,
magram maTi saxe da maTi mogoneba dRem-
de momyveba. javaxeTSi me minadiria rus
duxoborebTan erTad, mTaSi Rame qist
mwyemsebTan miTevia da es Cemi saukeTe-
so mogonebebia. axalgazrdobasac imaves
vusurveb – nu darCebiT stereotipebis
tyveobaSi da nu dagafrTxobT mraval-
ferovneba, romelic Cvens samSoblos
ganumeorebel xibls aniWebs!
berZeni qali walkidan, Qmxatvari Qm.Q tilke.Q1910
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mravalferovani saqarTvelomravalferovani saqarTvelo
qisti mxedari
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