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Motivation

Motivation is the word derived from the word ’motive’ which means needs, desires, wants or

drives within the individuals.

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Combination of three things • Integrity of efforts• Direction• consistency

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It is the process of stimulating people to actions to

accomplish the goals. In the work goal context the psychological factors stimulating the people’s behavior can be -

• desire for money • success • recognition • job-satisfaction • team work, etc

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Maslow's theory

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Two factor theory

• Traditional view:People are satisfied and dissatisfied only.• Herzberg view: There may be three conditions

Satisfied dissatisfiedNeutral

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Two factors….

• Motivation factors• Hygiene factors

Satisfied Neutral

dissatisfied

Motivation factors

Hygiene factors

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Theory of need

• Need for achievement• Need for power• Need for affiliation

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• Need for achievement is the urge to excel, to

accomplish in relation to a set of standards, to struggle to achieve success.

• Need for power is the desire to influence other individual’s behavior as per your wish. In other words, it is the desire to have control over others and to be influential.

• Need for affiliation is a need for open and sociable interpersonal relationships.

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Cognitive evaluation theory

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incentive theory of motivation

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Incentive Theory of Motivation

• The incentive theory suggests that people are motivated to do things because of external rewards. For example, you might be motivated to go to work each day for the monetary reward of being paid.

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Drive theory of motivation

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Drive Theory of Motivation

• According to the drive theory of motivation, people are motivated to take certain actions in order to reduce the internal tension that is caused by unmet needs.

• For example, you might be motivated to drink a glass of water in order to reduce the internal state of thirst.

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Arousal Theory of Motivation

• The arousal theory of motivation suggests that people take certain actions to either decrease or increase levels of arousal.

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Humanistic theory of motivation

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Humanistic Theory of Motivation

• Humanistic theories of motivation are based on the idea that people also have strong cognitive reasons to perform various actions. This is famously illustrated in Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which presents different motivations at different levels.

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Expectancy theory

• Two expectations1. Effort leads to performance2. performance leads to rewards

Effort Performance rewards

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