Moosehead Lake, Maine Wayfinding Program · Moosehead Lake Wayjding Program Assessment Report...

Moosehead Lake, MaineWayfinding Program

Assessment Report

November 4, 2015

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Moosehead Lake Wayfijding Program | Assessment Report | November 4, 2015 2

CONTENTS

On-Site Assessment 3

Routes to Destinations 4

Proposed Wayfinding System Hierarchy 14

Proposed Sign Types 15


interested in contributing to the discussion. There were no apparent

conflicts in what was discussed. The collected information supported

the initial objectives outlined by Luke in preceding discussions prior

to the two days of stakeholder meetings. At the beginning of each

meeting, Todd defined wayfinding and explained the process of a

wayfinding initiative.

“While wayfinding connects the dots, branded wayfinding connects

people with experiences. It is the art and science of moving people

through an environment to a desired location using a number of visual

cues including, but not limited to, guide signage, place identification,

visual landmarks and various forms of environmental graphic design.

Branded wayfinding is more than a method to improve navigation, it

is a powerful system that can support a community’s brand message

and help to create a memorable sense of place.”

To begin the discussion in each session, the question was put forth:

“Of all the places and experiences in Moosehead Lake, which would

be the top three you would recommend to a visitor?” There were

several answers, but six seemed to be equally mentioned – Mt. Kineo,

Katahdin, Moxie Falls, the B-52 crash site, Gulf Hagas and places

where a person can see moose.

Other top destinations included East Outlet, Gravel Pit Pond, Prong

Pond, Mountain View Pond, Eagle Rock, Big & Little Moose, Brassua

Lake, Lily Bay State Park, Kokadjo, Downtown Greenville, Rockwood,

Squaw Mountain and Borestone.

Greenville Junction has a large dock, boat launching facilities,

businesses and swimming beach that does not have good identity or

directional signage. The consensus is that it needs to be highlighted

better through improved signage.

Preface

This document is a summary

of the project area analysis

and planning tasks which

precede and will influence the

creative process and program

development.

The primary objective of this document is to summarize collected

data, observations and provide preliminary recommendations to

implement a successful wayfinding system, support the Brand,

help create a memorable sense of place and improve overall visitor

experience.

On Monday, October 5, 2015, Todd Mayfield of Axia Creative

began a five day visit to the Moosehead Lake region to begin the

first contracted phase of the wayfinding project. The afternoon was

spent touring the western half of the project area with Luke Muzzy,

Liz Cannell and Alison Snell. The objective of the guided tour was to

introduce Todd to the area and to identify key challenges, existing

conditions and plausible wayfinding opportunities. An informal dinner

meeting was held at Maynards with the Economic Development

Group (EDC).

On Tuesday, a guided tour of the eastern half of the project area

included Luke Muzzy, Drew Watson and Ryan Edmondson. In the

afternoon, two separate stakeholder group meetings were held to

discuss the objectives of the program and collect input from the

meeting attendees. A third meeting was held in the evening.

Stakeholder Meetings & Interviews

The stakeholder meetings rendered great input from those who

attended. It was apparent that most people were engaged and

The most frequent visitor request is “where can I see a moose?”

Several local business operators offer or recommend guided moose

tours. It was suggested that iconic signs be placed at key locations to

facilitate a self-guided tour.

Visitors come to Moosehead Lake for several reasons. Many come to

experience the Maine mountains and the natural forested environment.

Some people who come to see the coast, want to extend their Maine

experience and are drawn to Moosehead Lake because of forested

mountain terrane and outdoor ambiance. Others come to Moosehead

Lake for hunting, ATV trails, snowmobiling, fishing, hiking, the

International Seaplane Fly-in and other events.

A suggestion was made to create a well-marked driving loop where

people can get out of their car and have a view. The route from

Greenville to Prong Pond then to the B-52 crash site and back was

recommended.

Several areas of concern were brought up. One of the most frequent

challenges mentioned was the lack of available public parking,

especially during events. During the Fly-in event thousands of people

come to the Moosehead Lake area and, while many business owners

open their property for paid parking, there is still a tremendous lack

in parking opportunities for the visitors who come. Parking directional

signage would help but the consensus was that more parking is

needed.

One person suggested that the 20 minute parking signs be removed

as they are seldom observed by locals and have a negative effect on

visitors who want to park and spend more time in town.

Navigation through the area is one is a large concern, which is the

primary driver for the wayfinding project. Guide signs in Greenville

THE ON-SITE ASSESSMENT


The need for boat signage was brought up a few times. Water traffic

on the lakes and ponds, especially in Greenville, Rockwood and

Kineo, would benefit if destination access was apparent. The Bureau

of Parks & Lands would have to be engaged. Places to moore boats

are not apparent from the water and should be identified.

Trail heads and trail guide signs are needed. Presently trails are

severely undersigned and pose a danger for people to get lost or

become disoriented or injured. Safety and quality of experience are

common concerns. It was requested that trails be signed with level of

difficulty so hikers can determine if a particular trail is right for them.

It was noted that Maine Trail Finder is a great resource and that their

website facilitates feedback on trail experiences.

There are printed maps and guides that have been created which

visitors find helpful. Recently the ATV Trail Map and the Activities Guide

put out by the Friends of Moosehead Lake have been good assets in

promoting destinations and providing a reference for area navigation.

Another useful asset is the Marine ATV Trails Map sponsored by the

Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry. An illustrated

Downtown Greenville map has also been a popular item. It features

all of the Greenville businesses and services. It also includes smaller

inset maps of Greenville Village and Rockwood. The Chamber of

Commerce gives out a small booklet that includes member business

listings and a regional map.

Developing smart phone apps was mentioned a few times. Although

an app would be a great tool, the poor wi-fi service would render it

somewhat useless unless it includes downloadable data that could be

accessed off-line.

and Rockwood are largely focused on business awareness through

an eclectic family of DOT-managed Tourist Oriented Directional (TOD)

signs. There is various ideas on how to address the current placement

and form of the TOD signs. Those who have licensed the signs for

their business feel they need them for visitor awareness while others

would like to see them reduced in number, consolidated or removed

altogether.

In parts of Greenville, Rockwood and throughout the Moosehead Lake

area, there are many temporary ATV and snowmobile signs that have

been attached to trees, posts and fences. Many of these signs are

repositioned each year because of trail reassignment. It was noted

that there is an ongoing effort to establish a permanent trail system.

The challenge is to convince landowners to grant reliable access.

Movable kiosks with large directional

signage have been created at key

path crossroads. These snowmobile

kiosks provide information for

riders so they know where they are

headed and how much further their

destination referencing “you are

here” markers. They are catching on

across the state. They are functional

but not necessarily aesthetically

appealing. They sometimes suffer

damage. Since trails are not

permanent, kiosks must be portable.

Some kiosks have map holders which

empty quickly. Some people take photos of the maps with their cell

phones so they don’t have to keep track of the map, which can be

awkward. The common opinion is that these have been very useful for

snowmobilers but can be confusing for ATV operators.

It was discussed that all new maps should include common icons

and vernacular to reinforce wayfinding through multiple devices. Maps

used on new kiosks, websites, printed collateral and smart phone

apps should all use consistent visual graphics. Luke spoke about the

development of a new interactive digital map that will be open for

collaboration between Axia and the developer with regard to graphic

style, brand compliance and voice.

The topic of extended business hours was brought up. Some visitors

want to know what businesses are open after hours. Currently most

businesses close at 5:00 p.m. which means that people who are

returning to town after a day of activities want to have something to

do. Stakeholders generally felt that staying open later will not generate

more business. Chris Winstead brought up Kennebunkport as an

example of “if you build it they will come”. Stores decided to stay open

later one night per week during Christmas season and eventually it

paid off, allowing them to stay open throughout the week.

Much of the brand attributes have not been unveiled to the public

except for the logo and the

tagline. There seems to be some

disappointment in the “America’s

Crown Jewel” tagline. It was not

apparent that it was embraced with

obvious enthusiasm.

Roger Brooks recommended that

the Visitor Center be relocated to

the town center. It was noted that

there has been some investment

in the current location including the

erection of the squaw fire tower

and working with the state to



It was requested that temporary event signage be considered for

the program. These could include event and venue information and

directions to parking areas.

It was noted that the Scenic Byway’s standards which include routes

from the Visitors Center along either side of the

lake to Jackman on the West and to Kokadjo to

the East may affect the wayfinding planing efforts.

Interaction with DOT was encouraged.

Understanding & Objectives

The Moosehead Lake wayfinding program is

an initiative that supports the goals set forth

by the Branding, Development & Marketing

Plan produced by Roger Brooks, International.

In addition to the primary goal of improving

visitor navigation through the region and to its

destinations, a new wayfinding program will

help establish aesthetic features that celebrate

Moosehead Lake’s brand and the character of the surrounding area.

We have several objectives. First, we will develop an efficient

and intuitive wayfinding plan that improves visitor (and resident)

navigation through the region. We will evaluate placement and

messaging to improve vehicular, pedestrian and hiker navigation.

Secondly, we will become intimate with the Moosehead Lake’s brand

developed by Roger Brooks International and adopted by the EDC.

Understanding its character and mission will help us to design a

system that is attractive, memorable and helps to create a unique

sense of place for the region.

Thirdly, we will consider ways to mitigate fabrication, installation

make a hiking kiosk with a map of area trails

and information. It was stated that the current

location seems to work because it is visible to

visitors just entering the area. Trees are going to

be trimmed or removed to improve visitor view.

Other improvements include

a deck off of the back of the

building and stairs to fire tower.

There is good parking for trucks

and trailers which would not be

the case in downtown.

It was noted that the planning board is working on

a process for DIY signage to insure that there is a

common design standard throughout Greenville and

Rockwood.

Google map directions are not always accurate and

sometimes guide people through indirect routes.

One reporter using Google maps found it hard to get to Greenville –

directions were given through Skowhegan.

It was noted a couple times that people are watching this project and

will observe how successful it is – other areas might follow our lead.

The State of Maine Bureau of Parks and Lands’ concept plan includes

camp sites, hiking trails, etc. The department is paying attention to

this effort so they can coordinate efforts.

There were additional questions regarding the project process – “How

long will it take and when will the first signs go into the ground?” It was

also asked “Which signs in the proposed program would be slated for

installation first?”

and maintenance costs. This evaluation will also consider the use of

green materials and techniques.

A fourth objective is to design a system that is expandible as needed

throughout the area.

Vehicular Guide Signs

Exiting vehicular guide signs are mostly limited to MUTCD (Manual of

Uniform Traffic Control Devices) controlled signs that are managed

and regulated by Maine DOT. Most of these cannot be modified. In

some cases, the DOT can be asked to add or move signs if it can be

demonstrated that the need will benefit the majority of drivers.

We have observed that the TOD signs are the most abundant

form of vehicular guide signage through Greenville and Rockwood

but are relocated to guiding traffic to specific businesses and

not key destinations. In our experience, TOD signs must comply

with MUTCD regulations which are far more restrictive than those

approved in Greenville and Rockwood. Because the Greenville/

Rockwood TOD signs are not considered in compliance with the

usual national standard, we see this as is a positive thing for our

proposed wayfinding program. It shows us that the local DOT

authority is not heavy handed and will allow loose interpretation

when we address these signs.


Branding, Development & Marketing Action Plan July 2015


The use of TOD signs within Greenville

and Rockwood may not bring the

results people are hoping for. The

relaxed design allowance renders

many of these signs illegible and

becomes an uncoordinated mix of

colors and fonts. The TOD sign for Lily

Bay Antiques is not effective because

of the use of dark serif letters on a

relatively dark background. Signs such

as these are only good for people who

are already searching for a particular

business. We feel there are more

effective ways to guide people to

these businesses weather through

redesign of the TOD signs or utilizing

other forms of communication.

Vehicular guide signs used to guide

people to destinations play a major role in community wayfinding. If

designed well, they will serve two functions. First and foremost, they

must efficiently connect the dots from origin to destination. Secondly,

they must help create a sense of place with thematic or brand-

supportive graphics.

Generally, the letter cap height of a message on a vehicular guide

sign in a 25 mph to 30 mph speed zone should be between 4” and

6”, depending on the visibility conditions. Without competing traffic

conditions and visual distractions, a message capital letter height

could be a minimum of 4”, but 5” or even 6” will ensure the best

legibility. For Greenville, Rockwood and many areas within Moosehead

Lake, we may be able to get away with a letter height of 3.5”. We will

perform on site testing to determine this. As a general rule of thumb,

for every 1” of capital letter height on a guide sign, the distance in feet

from which the sign may be read is represented by a numerical value.

For example, a sign with a Legibility Index of 15 means that it should

be legible at 15’ with 1” capital letters, or legible at 60’ with 4” capital

letters. So, a general formula to determine the legible height of a letter

is 1” for every 15’ of viewing distance.

Light letters and graphics against a dark background are preferred

over the use of dark letters and graphics over a light background.

Dark colors are recessive and drop away visually. Light colors are

aggressive and appear to move forward. When we look at dark and

light objects together, we notice light objects sooner than dark ones.

To maximise quick comprehension, use mixed case rather than all

caps. Mixed case messages have several advantages over those

that are set in all caps. First of all, they take up less room horizontally.

People tend to read short messages that are set in mixed case

sentence by sentence where messages set in all caps are read word

by word. This slows down comprehension for signs that require only

a few seconds for comprehension. Although words set in all caps

require less vertical space between lines (leading), which reduces sign

height, The horizontal length is extended restricting the letter count

in a given message. This pushes the width of the sign panel and may

require extra pole support to accommodate increased wind load. It

can also mean that letters get squeezed together which hinders quick

legibility. Words and letters need ample clear space between them for

distance comprehension otherwise they visual melt together.

There should be no more than four messages (in special cases five) on

a single vehicular guide sign. USDOT recommends messages should

be limited to no more than three.

Letter forms should be san-serif and a medium weight. They should

not be condensed if at all possible. The results of a ten-year study on

the use of the Clearview Highway font show that legibility is increased

by 15% over previously used fonts in the same conditions.

ClearviewArrows should be simple in design and not incorporated inside graphic

shapes. An arrow’s purpose is primarily functional and should not be

used as a graphic embellishment.

When multiple destinations require the same arrow direction, we

recommend using a single, common arrow instead of repeating it

for each destination. If placed above the text, the sign width will be

reduced but will create proportionately taller sign panels depending

on the length of the message. If width is not an issue, arrows may

be placed on the left side of each message. USDOT recommends

positioning left and ahead pointing arrows on the left of each message


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City HallLibrary

City HallLibrary

FHWA Arrow Montreal Expo Arrow Crow’s Foot Arrow Stylized Crow’s Foot Arrow


For the sign graphics, we recommend using one of three reflective

methods. The most common method is to apply reflective vinyl

messages over a painted background. This is the least expensive

method and allows a message to be added or changed without

removing the entire panel. The down side is that only the message is

reflective and the background remain dark at night. Another method

uses transparent colored vinyl over a highly reflective white vinyl

which has been laminated over an aluminum panel. The graphics

are weeded away from the colored vinyl exposing the white reflective

material. This method offers a longer life span and is very visible at

night but means the entire sign has to removed and recovered if a

message is to be added or changed. There is also a limit to the choice

of background colors.

To achieve custom colors and detailed graphic a third method uses

a four color printing process which is applied directly onto high

intensity white reflective vinyl. It’s similar to ink jet printing only the

inks are specially formulated with transparent pigments which allow

the reflective material to bounce light back through it. Unfortunately,

in harsh environments they may not hold up as long as the previous

method. If they are maintained and kept clean, their life span may be

extended.

We will organize messages on each sign beginning with those that

require left arrows followed by those that require right arrows, then

straight ahead arrows. For multiple messages that share a common

arrow, the group begins with the closest destination and ends with

the furthest.

The effort to direct traffic to specific destinations within Moosehead

Lake should be reserved for primary destinations, popular gathering

spaces, important municipal buildings, downtown, key retail areas and

destinations that, by their own accord, draw visitors to Moosehead

while right directional arrows should

be placed on the right of each

message. We feel messages are

better organized if all arrows occur on

the left side of the message.

Vehicular guide signs are typically

placed on the passenger side of the

road whenever possible. In some

cases when there is no room to add

a sign on the right side, it may be

placed on the opposite side of a street. Drivers are conditioned to

look for direction messages on the right side of the road. Guide signs

must be placed before and never after a turning point. In single lane

streets with speed limits of 25 to 30 mph, it is recommended that they

be placed 100’ to 200’ before a decision point. In routes with higher

speeds, with turning lanes or multiple lanes, you need 200’ to 300’

(or more) before a turning point. In some cases, guide signs may be

placed beyond a turning point when the road ends in a “T” and there

is no place for a vehicular guide sign before the turn, but this should

be used when no other solutions are available.

Lake. Because it is impossible to include every destination on

wayfinding signs, we will establish a set of rules that will be used to

qualify what destinations are included in the system.

Gateways

We understand there

is one primary visitor

access route into

Moosehead Lake

from Greenville Road,

through Greenville.

Although there is

some visitor traffic

from the west, it may

too light to justify the

expense of a gateway at that entry point. We will consider placement

for a Moosehead Lake (regional) gateway as the first brand-

supportive sign prior to the Greenville identity sign. This gateway will

announce entry into the project area. New Greenville and Rockwood

identity signs will be considered as well.

Simple community gateways such as

Kokadjo become popular photo-ops

because they convey elements that

draw attention such as a whimsical

message or a unique character. For this

reason, we propose that community

gateway signage not be designed

as a uniform series of signs within a

comprehensive system. Instead we

feel that each community sign must

speak to the unique character while

maintaining Moosehead Lake’s brand


Fairgrounds

HistoricDowntownMuseums

Visitor Info

7'-0"


than reading the words “To Parking.” Icons and symbols speed

up comprehension and are remembered longer as long as they

are universally recognized. Custom icons that are not universally

recognized hinder a sign more than it helps. Icons that are used on

signage can also be used on directory maps to support the wayfinding

vernacular.

Municipal buildings,

parks and public spaces

need identification as

well. These are good

opportunities to support

the brand while allowing

their appearance to

take on a specific character to convey a function or service. These

may include wall-mounted signs, garden monuments, pole signs

and others. Although you can’t dictate the design of private or retail

identities, you can control all municipal identities. The more you can

echo the brand in Moosehead Lake environment, the more you will

enhance the brand experience.

It was observed that several private identity signs were in poor shape

and give the impression that they are either out of business or in

decline. Signs that are kept up not only attract more customers, they

influence a positive regional experience.

undertones. Other community

signs are obscured by foliage.

If they are redesigned during

the upcoming wayfinding

effort, their position in relation

to the road may need to be

evaluated. If not redesigned,

at least the surrounding trees

and shrubs should be cut

back to improve visibility.

Identity Signs

For a wayfinding system to be successful, destinations must be

clearly identified. Simply having a sign is not always enough. Size,

location and character are important considerations. An identity sign

tells people where a place is, but just as importantly, it provides an

important first impression. It sets a tone and influences anticipation of

an experience.

The identity signs we will focus on are for primary destinations (public),

parking areas, trail heads and possible aesthetic considerations for

area businesses which will be addressed in an end-of program design

guidelines document.

All public parking areas should

include consistent identity

signs marking their vehicular

entrance and should be visible

from a distance.

The “P” icon will help connect

the dots immediately. People

process this icon faster

One of the strong recommendations you will hear from Roger Brooks

and other tourism development consultants is to encourage retailers

in pedestrian areas to install attractive projecting signs that are visible

from the sidewalk. These, in concert with other embellishments such

as flower baskets, banners and street furniture, will add to the visitor’s

experience and encourage them to linger longer.

Every community has one or two signs that suit the character of

the place. We don’t advocate that all signs become uniform or that

they follow a strict design guideline. A place like Moosehead Lake

should be somewhat home-spun and eclectic. There are some great

sign gems in the area that should be considered as style examples

for other businesses. A few of the fully carved and gold-leaf wood

signs may be more expensive than what some business owners can

afford. There will be less expensive options included in the sign design

guideline.


A d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e p a r k , s p o n s o r s o r a d e d i c a t i o n m e s s a g e g o e s h e r e

Park Name

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O'Shaughnessy Center Parking P

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Destination Max 19x

Public Parking

Visitor Info

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PParking


More information about ADA signage compliance requirements can be

found in section 4.30 of the ADA Accessibility Guidelines at:

http://www.ada.gov/adastd94.pdf.

Any time you have an element that projects more than 4 inches and is

lower than seven feet in a public right of way, it is a hazard to people

who are visually impaired. A blind person who uses a cane to navigate

will find the pole, but may be unaware of the item that projects a few

feet off the ground.

A popular pedestrian guide sign is called a finger post sign where a

group of signs are attached at one end to a common post, each is

positioned to point in the direction of their respective destination. The

lowest edge of the bottom sign that projects beyond 4” from its base

must be seven feet from grade to have the proper head clearance.

Any multiple message panel sign should include changeable panel

inserts to accommodate pedestrian destinations that come and go,

especially restaurants and retail shops. Changeable panels can be

mounted to a single or double pole support. The later format would

allow the sign panels to be mounted below seven feet as long as they

don’t protrude beyond 4”.

We recommend using commonly recognized

icons whenever possible. The internationally

recognized “Man and Woman” symbol will be

seen faster than the word restrooms . Even in a

pedestrian setting, the “P” icon will help people

navigate back to their parked car. Internationally

recognized Icons speed up comprehension and

are remembered more. Icons can be used on

directory maps to reinforce those used on guide

signs.

Pedestrian Guides

We feel that pedestrian guides

serve the same dual role as

vehicular guides in that they help

guide people to destinations but

also help enhance the experience

of place.

Pedestrian guide signs are used by

people on foot to find places within a

reasonable walking distance. These

signs don’t require the same strict

standards as vehicular guide signs

but the messages should be very legible and positioned in a way

that will not cause physical hazard or block the flow of pedestrian

traffic. The MUTCD requires that they must not be obviously visible to

vehicular traffic to the extent that they can be mistaken for vehicular

guide signs. This may cause confusion and ultimately distract a driver.

They can represent the Moosehead Lake

brand without restriction of font, color,

sign shape or accompanying brand

graphics. Retro-reflectivity is not required.

The design of these signs can take many

forms as long as they comply with ADA

(Americans with Disabilities Act). ADA

calls for a visual character height of 5/8”

when a sign is between 40” to 70” above

grade and 2” height for signs that are

72” and higher above grade. If a sign

panel or any other element protrudes

more than 4” away from a wall, pole or

base, it must have a clearance of 7’-0”.

Information Kiosks

Informational kiosks are free stranding structures that provide

visitor information. They usually include area maps with a you-

are-here marker and a legend of destinations. Maps should

be oriented so they are “right read” which places graphic

representation of destinations that are directly in front of the

viewer in the North position of the map, destinations that are

to the immediate right of the viewer in the West position of the

map and so forth. They show people where they are currently

located and provide information and destination locations within

the area relative to the direction they are facing.

For the most part, kiosks are for pedestrian audiences. They

are most effective when located in high pedestrian traffic areas.

If they are located near vehicular routes where they are clearly

visible to drivers, they should be accessible within safe pullouts

where a driver can easily move out of traffic and stop their car.

Elements of a kiosk may include an area map, a changeable

destination legend, brochure holders, and enclosed display

cabinets for current information posts. In areas where power is

not accessible, small solar panels can be incorporated into the


D I R E C T O R Y

iKalispellT O W N O F

Visitor Centre 120m

Main Street 90m

Centenniel Park 67m

Nordic Centre 1.2km

Elevation Place 50m

Boardwalk Trail East 700mEnd

Boardwalk Trail 100mMain Street

Policeman’s Creek 400mRed/Blue

MAP

Town Centre

Washrooms 100m

Downtown 400 Ft

Snake Alley .39 Mi

Riverside Park .36 Mi

Big Muddies .32 Mi

Capitol Theater 946 Ft

Downtown 400 Ft

Snake Alley .39 Mi


Big Muddies .32 Mi


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7'-0"

Downtown 400 Ft

Snake Alley .39 Mi


Big Muddies .32 Mi


9'-0"

2'-2"

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simply removed to reduce visual competition with the natural

environment.

Regulatory Signs

Regulatory signs can be a real

eyesore. The information may be

important but clusters of regulatory

signs grow as new information

and regulations are added which

creates very unattractive elements

that diminish the place experience.

Most of these signs are never read.

We propose to design regulatory

signs that be consistent with the

overall look and feel of the proposed

system. Regulatory signs that are

faded, bent or in disrepair should

be replaced or repaired. Various

regulatory sign templates will be

designed to accommodate various

lengths of text. The objective will be

to systemize all regulatory signs so

they are uniform, support the brand

in a subtle way, are visible without

becoming contrary to an experience

of place, and are sustainable.

Trail Heads & Guides

Trails are widely used by ATVs, snowmobiles and hikers– an important

visitor draw in Moosehead Lake. There are several temporary signs

for motorized vehicles but none that guide people on foot efficiently.

We propose that trail heads are marked with slim identity signs that

include the name of the trail, the difficulty, a trail map, service icons

design for night illumination or to power interactive displays.

Brochure holders have strong pros and cons. A readily available

brochure at a kiosk will get lots of exposure. The down side is

that unless you have someone maintaining them daily, they can

pose an unsightly litter problem.

We observed a few existing

kiosk-like interpretive

structures that reflect the

character of the Moosehead

Lake brand. Although

placed in areas that are not

readily visible, the structures

incorporate large weathered

timber and materials we feel

should be considered when

designing the new system.

Some existing kiosk structures

look like they are failing or are

not utilized. We recommend

that old structures either be

replaced with new ones or

and regulatory information. We see these

as attractive totems. The goal will be to

design these so they do not conflict with

the environment but are visually apparent.

We propose that guide signs placed at key

locations on trails also be slim and simple

so as not to compete with the environment

but visible enough so they will be

recognized as wayfinding devices. These

signs will be rustic and simple, made to

weather naturally and easy to install. They

will be secure so they don’t get taken or

moved. Each sign could include a unique number that corresponds to

a graphic marker on printed maps. This will help with hiker orientation

as well as location reference for emergency responders.

Points of Interest

Key points of interests such as the potential moose sighting spots,

photo-ops, access to trail heads and scenic overlooks, could be

marked with a small iconic blade sign that points in the direction of the

place of interest. These blade signs could

have the name of the feature, a number

that corresponds to a self guided map with

descriptive information and possibly a small

interpretive panel.

In Hawaii, a series of point-of-interest signs

mark the location of featured landmarks.

The first warrior sign went up 76 years ago.

Today, there are approximately 300 signs

identifying points of interest across the

Hawaiian Islands.


R2 RegulatoryR1 Regulatory A3 Park/Facility Identity A4 Restroom Identity

Front View Side View Front View Side View Side View Front View Side ViewFront View

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The parking areas have what appears to be trail access’ which are

misleading. Because they are often mistaken for the crash site access,

they have become worn paths to nowhere.

Interpretive panels could be designed to give a better account of the

historical event. Museums sometimes use a parking meter-like device

that is signed with a request for donations.

Interpretive Signage

Visitors want to experience and understand what makes a place

unique. Interpretive signage is an effective way to satisfy that

expectation.

While wayfinding signs guide people to places, interpretive

signs take on another, yet strong complementary function.

They illuminate a place and tell it’s story. They help create an

emotional connection between the visitor and their environment.

Interpretive signs strengthen people’s relationships with culture,

nature and history.

Interpretive signage in an environment draws the visitor in,

captures their curiosity, and leaves them with a memorable

sense of place. They help transform out-of-the-way places into

popular destinations. Interpretive signs can bring a historic

landmark or natural wonder to life by giving visitors more than

a snapshot to take home with them. They take away a deeper

appreciation of your community.

There are a few interpretive signs in Greenville, Rockwood

and the Moosehead Lake area. Most do a pretty good job

at expanding the regional experience and telling stories. We

recommend consolidating the design and consider reappointing

Street Signs

Street identity signs in the

downtown area would be switched

out with area-specific versions to

help define it as a distinct district.

These signs would be chosen

from one of several off-the-shelf

fabricators to save on cost or

a custom approach will be

explored.

The B52 Crash Site

The B52 crash site was a very

interesting attraction which is

both a historical memorial and

exhibit. The trip to the site has

some challenges though. The

vehicular guide signs are a little

confusing.

The use of the airplane silhouette

is very similar to the international

symbol for airports and the text

used on each sign is very small.

We recommend that they be

redesigned to fit in with the new

proposed vehicular guide signs.

Locations will be evaluated and

reappointed.

The access point to the trail that

leads to the site should be better

marked.

some of their locations. Templates can be designed to

implement as funds are made available or the need for new ones

are identified.

The Plum Creek signs can be

treated as interpretive elements. In

fact, if they were redesigned to fit

within an interpretive family, they

would seem less temporary and

have less of a “construction site”

look. The information on them

would be more impactful.

General System Design

One of the key objectives in most communities and definitive

wayfinding-dependent environments is to unify sign devices

through consistent design and a methodological strategy. Most

branded wayfinding systems project a clear and simple design

aesthetic that supports an adopted brand. There is typically a

narrow design approach that is born from thorough assessment,

brand interpretation and understanding what will motivate and

resonate with the targeted users. Because the Moosehead

Lake brand represents a natural and eclectic character of the

region, we propose that the wayfnding system be unified in a



follow a proven logic that can be expanded to service new

areas. This is not to say there will never be any elements that

will need to be removed or rendered inadequate as the region

grows, but the design process we incorporate will yield a

system that is efficient and agile to mitigate any substantial

reconfiguration.

• Two levels of gateways will be conceived– one to announce

the arrival into Moosehead Lake and a second level to

announce the entry into communities.

• When possible and/or appropriate, materials shall be UV

tolerant and vandal resistent.

• The target fabrication cost shall be aimed at a $250,000

budget, unless otherwise determined by a demonstrated

need or available funding.

• The basic objective of the system will be to pair down the

existing amount of signs, adding and replacing signs that will

only serve to improve regional navigation and support the

Moosehead Lake brand.

• Retail signage guidelines will be developed to guide

businesses in the design and implementation of signs for

their use in support of the Moosehead Lake brand and

desired visitor experience.

• The general design approach to the wayfinding system

will be to create components that look as though they are

organically part of the environment.

• When designing the system, local fabrication resources

will be considered to mitigate costs and to support the

local economy. Outside services will only be considered if

techniques, products and materials are not available locally.

There are many general destinations in Moosehead Lake that are

being considered for inclusion on guide signs. Not all qualify as

primary destinations that are considered specific attractions for out-of-

rational wayfinding strategy but the overall design should not be

so narrow. There needs to be a certain amount of freedom in

the actual design application as long as they follow some basic

characteristics.

• The system must provide efficient guidance for visitors to

find places and mitigate wasted time after getting lost or

searching for their destination.

• The adopted brand must be supported.

• Existing regulations must be respected. Those that can be

revised or changed should be identified and considered as

long as they are reasonable and result in measurable benefits

to the region.

• A key objective is to build a system that is not only attractive

and functional, but is designed responsibly. If the cost is not

prohibitive, the use of replenishable and recyclable materials

will be considered. Where possible, components of the

system will incorporate green materials and methodology.

• Vehicular guide signs must be compliant with Maine DOT

standards. They must be simple in content in order to

maximise legibility but must maintain a brand-supportive

• Information kiosks will be located in key pedestrian areas.

They will include an area map that will support the design

and graphic vernacular of other printed and online maps. The

kiosks will provide information and locations of destinations,

services and businesses.

• Signs that identify trail heads, observation points, destination

access points and all key locations that are not privately

owned must adhere to the brand, be simple in design, be

visually apparent while and diminishing the experience of the

natural environment.

• Another important goal is to develop a wayfinding program

that is expandable and easily maintained. The system will

include specific sign types that are simple in design and will

town visitors. For the sake of this Assessment Report, we will consider

places in the region that, on their own, attract out-of-town visitors.

Towns or Sections of Moosehead Lake:

1. Kokadjo 4. Seboomook

2. Rockwood 5. Northeast Carry

3. Greenville

Lake Boat Launches and/or Fishing:

6. Gravel Pit Pond 10. Lower Wilson Pond

7. Mountain View Pond 11. Greenville Municipal Wharf

8. Brassua Lake 12. Sawyer Pond

9. Prong Pond 13. Indian Pond

River Boating and/or Fishing:

14. East Outlet to the Kennebec 17. West Branch of the Penobscot

15. West Outlet to the Kennebec 18. Little Spencer Pond

16. Big Spencer Pond

Hiking Trails:

19. Mt. Kineo 25. Eagle Rock

20. B-52 Crash Site 26. Number 4 Mountain

21. Gulf Hagas 27. Moxie Falls

22. Borestone Mountain 28. Little Wilson Falls

23. Big Moose Mountain 29. Mt. Katahdin

24. Little Moose Mountain

Other:

30. Squaw Mountain Ski Area 34. Greenville Municipal Airport

31. Moosehead Marine Museum 35. Snowmobile and ATV Trailheads

32. Lazy Tom Bog 36. Non-Motorized Trailheads

33. Lily Bay State Park



We developed an online map of the

Moosehead Lake region to be used as a

collaborative planning tool. Eventually, this

map will include proposed sign locations

and their respective messages for final

consideration before being transferred onto a

location plan document.

The map on the right displays Moosehead

Lake destinations and vehicle routes

originating from 1 primary ingress point from

the South on Tenney Hill Road.

In the task following the adoption of the

assessment, we will evaluate these routes

to determine their efficiency in the context of

vehicular navigation to qualified destinations.

Online link:

https://www.google.com/

maps/d/edit?mid=z4Uj06v6rAuY.

kBlIEIldQdfc&usp=sharing

Destinations

Decision Points

Routes to Destinations

ROUTES TO DESTINATIONS

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Highway Vehicular Signs

Web Media

Surfa

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Pedestrian Signs

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Destination

PROPOSED WAYFINDING SYSTEM HIERARCHY

The design of the Moosehead Lake wayfinding system will be based on a strategic rationale.

Typically, the first level of wayfinding messaging leads vehicular traffic from a Highway to a region’s

entrance. On surface streets, custom vehicular guide signs provide navigation to key points of

arrival, then to parking opportunities near targeted destinations. Once on foot, visitors are guided by

pedestrian guide signs to key destinations and services. Information kiosks and/or area maps offer

detailed information and provide orientation within the environment. Lastly, identification signs clearly

mark destinations.

Highway Vehicular Guides

Signs along highways and other routes managed by the Maine Department of Transportation lead visitors to exits into the region.

Their aesthetic vernacular, message format and placement have been developed to provide consistent connectivity throughout North America.

While their form may not be altered, a moderate message change can be requested if a case can be made to improve traveler navigation.

Web Media

83% of Americans use the internet as a primary resource for information. 60% of mobile phone users download and use travel-related smartphone applications.

Search engines, websites, social media, travel apps and other online mediums are rapidly becoming the first point of information people access to gain information about a place, venue or service.

Surface Street Vehicular Guides

Vehicular guide signs that occur off the highway, direct visitors to key destinations and to specific points of arrival within the area.

Their primary function is to lead vehicular traffic to definitive areas, then to parking lots nearest to a desired destination.

The aesthetic function of these signs is to support the brand or theme to help create a unified look and enhance the Moosehead Lake experience.

Primary Gateways

The primary region gateway sign on the primary access route leading traffic into a Moosehead Lake, mark the point of arrival and welcome visitors.

Secondary Gateways& Identities

Secondary gateways will reflect the brand more subtly and will convey the character of the community it represents.

Place identity signs identify destinations. If designed with the brand in mind, they help to influence a sense of place.

Parking Facility

Public parking areas are commonly marked with an internationally recognized iconic “P” and clearly placed where they can be easily seen from a distance.

Often, parking area guide signs are isolated from multiple message guide signs and feature the same iconic “P” for quick recognition.

The strategy is to efficiently get cars to parking areas. This reduces congestion and speeds up pedestrian access to retail venues–more time patronizing businesses, less time on streets.

Destination

Destinations and key points of arrival require visible identities. They represent the last in a series of carefully placed bread crumbs.

Their design and placement are determined by city bylaws but should clearly convey the experience or service they provide.

Pedestrian Guides, Trail Heads & Trail Guides

Once visitors have parked their cars, pedestrian guide signs connect the dots for people on foot to destinations, services and points of interest within a reasonable walking distance.

Trail signs extend the pedestrian navigation but are in themselves part of an attraction and influence experience.

Information

Information kiosks, area maps and interpretive signs are located in high pedestrian traffic routes or in easily accessible areas where people gather.

If information about an area is easily accessed and simple to understand, people find places quicker, spend more time there and discover other places and activities they wouldn’t normally be aware of.


PROPOSED SIGN TYPESWayfinding System Anatomy

Art (Decorative) - Sculptures, murals and architecture in the environment

Banner - Hanging fabric graphics, usually from street light standards

Conditional - displays information about the status of an event, activity or venue

Display - Wall-mounted or free-standing promotional graphics

Exhibit (Interpretive) Tells a story about a place, object or event, often with graphics

Flag - Typically used to display a city, state or country identification symbol

Flag Pole - Used to display a flag or pennant.

Gateway - Marks arrivals to counties, provinces, states, cities, towns and districts

Highway Sign (TOD) - managed by the USDOT

Identity - Identifies an area, facility or event.

Kiosk - Free standing structure provides visitor information

LED - Electronic message sign

Area Map - displayed within a kiosk or as a stand-alone orientation device

Notice - Communicates a notice of information.

Outdoor Billboard - Large advertising devices placed alongside streets and highways

Pedestrian Guide - Provides guidance for pedestrians to places within walking distance

Regulatory - intended to control or prohibit behavior or an action

Street Sign - Identifies roads and streets at route intersections

Structure - Used as a landmark, device support or environmental accent

Trailblazer - Used to mark bike or pedestrian paths

Vehicular Guide - Provides route navigation for vehicular traffic

Warning - Provides cautionary messages that promote awareness

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Sign Types

Wayfinding sign systems vary in size and complexity. Depending on a

community’s density and geographical size, a wayfinding sign system can

be as simple as a few guide signs on a Main Street or as complicated as a

comprehensive program with landscaped gateways, district demarcations,

several levels of vehicular and pedestrian guide signs, kiosks, directories,

interpretive signs and trailblazers. Each unique program incorporates a

combination of device types that are customized to perform within a specific

environment.

A successful wayfinding system includes seven basic function classifications that

are communicated through strategically placed devices:

1. Promotion

2. Orientation

3. Guidance

4. Identification

5. Information

6. Regulation

7. Enhancement

Each of these classification groups include several definitive device types. We

have developed a device type designation format that is used in this summary

and will be reflected in future project documents.

Items marked with a red arrow are possible items to be considered for

Moosehead Lake’s wayfinding program.


The primary goal of the Planning and Project Area Analysis task is to gain a comprehensive

understanding of the project and to verify that the design team’s objectives and proposals

are in alignment with the EDC’s vision. We encourage this document be reviewed by the all

Stakeholders who participated in the presentations. The collected feedback and refined analysis

will build a platform from which the design theme(s) and strategy for the new wayfinding program

can be built with successful results.

Studio Suite 110-Y1

12230 Forest Hill Blvd.

Wellington, FL 33414

axiacreative.com

Todd Mayfield

Principal & Group Creative Director

561.282.6205, ext 101

[email protected]

Michael Haug

Senior Project Designer

561.282.6205, ext 105

[email protected]

Lara Sawczak

Graphic Designer & Production Artist

561.282.6205, ext 103

[email protected]

Marilyn Mayfield

Principal & CFO

561.282.6205, ext 102

[email protected]

Moosehead Lake, Maine Wayfinding Program · Moosehead Lake Wayjding Program Assessment Report...

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