Monday, October 16th · 5. No fence is indicative of an open personality. People are welcome at all...
Transcript of Monday, October 16th · 5. No fence is indicative of an open personality. People are welcome at all...
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Monday, October 16th
Good morning!
Good news – you’re NOT testing – my fourth block is testing and that’s why we’re still in testing rows.
As you come in, please:Choose your seat wisely (sit next to someone you can get
your work done next to)
Pick up a Unit Six Overview with Vocabulary off the Front Table
Get started with your Vocabulary definitions using our class-set-Psychology Textbook.
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Class UpdatesUnit 5 Scores are in Synergy
Test Scores
Unit Papers
Test Make-ups – during Tutoring on Tuesday and Thursday
1B – Alexis, Janay, Katie and Reyna
2B – Eddson, Juan, Louis, Nakiya, Jazzmine
Tutoring – 3:40 – 4:40pm – Tuesdays and Thursdays – Room 238
Tuesday Tutoring Bus
Sign up by 10/20
Will begin the week of 10/30
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Unit Six Overview
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Personality
A PERSON’S PATTERN OF THINKING, FEELING AND ACTING
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Psychoanalyze Yourself
Read the following questions, imagining the scenes in your mind, and write down the FIRST thing that you visualize.
Do not think about the questions excessively.
1. You are not alone. You are walking in the woods. Who are you walking with?
2. You are walking in the woods. You see an animal. What kind of animal is it?
3. What interaction takes place between you and the animal?
4. You walk deeper in the woods. You enter a clearing and before you is your dream
house. Describe its size?
5. Is your dream house surrounded by a fence?
6. You enter the house. You walk to the dining area and see the dining room table.
Describe what you see on AND around the table.
7. You exit the house through the back door. Lying in the grass is a cup. What
material is the cup made of?
8. What do you do with the cup?
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This has been a relational psychology test. The answers given to the questions have been shown to
have a relevance to values and ideals that we hold in our personal lives. The analysis follows:
1. The person who you are walking with is the most important person in your life.
2. The size of the animal is representative of your perception of the size of your problems.
3. The severity of the interaction you have with the animal is representative of how you deal
with your problems. (passive/aggressive)
4. The size of your dream house is representative of the size of your ambition to resolve your
problems.
5. No fence is indicative of an open personality. People are welcome at all times. The
presence of a fence indicates a closed personality. You'd prefer people not to drop by
unannounced.
6. If your answer did not include food, people, or flowers, then you are generally unhappy.
7. The durability of the material with which the cup is made of is representative of the
perceived durability of your relationship with the person named in number 1. For example,
Styrofoam, plastic, and paper are all disposable, Styrofoam, paper and glass are not durable,
and metal and plastic are durable.
8. Your disposition of the cup is representative of your attitude towards the person in number
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Psychoanalytic Theory of Personalitycrash coursekhanacademy
Sigmund Freud
Idea of the Libido moving to different parts of our body
Stages of Psycho-Sexual Development
1. Oral
2. Anal
3. Phallic
4. Latent
5. Genital
What’s on our minds!!!
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Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality
•Sigmund Freud
•Main figure head and describes levels of consciousness
•Draws conclusions based on desire and aggression.
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Freud’s View of Consciousness
Conscious- things we are aware of right now
Preconscious- things we can be aware of if we wanted to be
Unconscious- deep hidden reservoir that holds the true “us”; all of our desires and fears
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Freud’s Concept of Personality (Psyche)
Id
Ego
Superego
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IdExists entirely in the unconscious (so we are never aware of it)
Our hidden true animalistic wants and desires
Works on the Pleasure Principle◦ avoid pain and receive instant
gratification
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Superego
Develops last; about age 5
It is our conscience (tells us the difference between right and wrong)
The Ego often mediates between the Superego and Id.
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Ego
Develops after the Id
Works on the Reality Principle
Negotiates between the Id, the environment, and Superego
In our conscious and unconscious minds
It is what everyone sees as our personality
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Movie QuizExplain the Usage of the ID in these movies
Explain how the ego may respond to the ID’s instinctive nature in the clips.
Last explain how the superego might negotiate.
Remember: This is a quiz so any talking will be considered cheating. Watch the clip then respond.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HNOBhsGW0Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fv-sKP17xTw• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ndItN7hhtII
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMgpFnycZCg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmPpnGuyEak
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Comic StripsUsing what you know about the Id, Ego, and Superego create a comic strip. The comic strip must have a clear story line and demonstrate the Id, Ego, and Superego being used. Remember always be professional, so the comic strip should be appropriate for school. You will be graded on your story line, your correct usage of the Id, Ego, and Superego, creativity, and presentation.
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Tuesday, October 17th
Good morning!
Good news – back to Quads!
As you come in, please:Teacher’s Choice on Seating – choose wisely or I’ll help you
Pull out your Id, Ego and Superego Comic Strip and turn it in on the front table
Hold on for instructions – we’ll get started in a moment!
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Class Updates Unit 5 Test Make-ups – during Tutoring today and Thursday
1B – Alexis, Janay, Katie and Reyna
2B – Eddson, Juan, Louis, Nakiya, Jazzmine
Tutoring – 3:40 – 4:40pm – Tuesdays and Thursdays – Room 238
Tuesday Tutoring Bus
Sign up by 10/20
Will begin the week of 10/30
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What Have We Learned So Far?
https://study.com/academy/lesson/id-ego-and-superego.html
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Defense Mechanisms
The Ego protects us from threatening thoughts in our unconscious
Defense MechanismsoOur conscious self is usually
unaware of the use of defense mechanisms
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Richard is dating Jasmine.
Jasmine dumps Richard and starts dating Andrew.
Andrew Richard Jasmine
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RepressionPushing thoughts into our unconscious
When asked about Jasmine, Richard may say “Who?, I have not thought about her for awhile.”
Why don’t we remember our Oedipus and Electra complexes?
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Denial
Not accepting the ego-threatening truth.
Richard may act like he is still together with Jasmine. He may hang out by her locker and plan dates with her.
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DisplacementRedirecting one’s feelings toward another person or object.
Often displaced on less threatening things
Richard may take his anger/frustration out on another kid by bullying
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ProjectionBelieving that the feelings one has toward someone else are actually held by the other person and directed at oneself.
Richard insists that Jasmine still cares for him.
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Reaction FormationExpressing the opposite of how one truly feels
Cootie stage in Freud’s Latent Development
Richard claims he hates Jasmine.
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RegressionReturning to an earlier, comforting form of behavior.
Richard begins to sleep with his favorite childhood stuffed animal.
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RationalizationComing up with a beneficial result of an undesirable situation
Richard thinks he will find a better girlfriend. “Jasmine was not all that great anyway!”
“I really didn’t want to go to _______ anyway, it was too ________.”
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IntellectualizationUndertaking an academic, unemotional study of a topic.
Richard starts doing a research paper on failed teenage romances.
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SublimationChanneling one’s frustration toward a different goal.
Sometimes a healthy defense mechanism
Richard learns how to play the guitar and writes songs (or starts to body build).
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Criticisms of FreudHe really only studied wealthy woman in Austria.
His results are not empirically verifiable (really hard to test).
No predictive power
Scientific/research problems with defense mechanisms (i.e. repression)
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Neo-FreudianPsychodynamic Theories
Carl Jung - concept of the “collective” unconscious (a common reservoir of memory traces).
Alfred Adler - studied superiority and inferiority (inferiority complex).
Karen Horney - said Freud was sexist and countered “penis envy” with “womb envy”; childhood anxiety triggers desire for love and security
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Psychoanalysis, Past & Present
Hypnosis
Dream Interpretation
Free Association (having patients talk to themselves…and then interpreting the conversation)
Projective Tests (tests that delve into the unconscious)Examples are TAT and Inkblot Tests.
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TAT Test(Thematic Apperception Test)
Give the subject a picture that is ambiguous (can have several meanings) and ask him what is occurring.
His answers are the manifest content, supposedly revealing the latent content.
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Rorschach Inkblot TestThe most widely used projective test
A set of ten inkblots designed to identify people’s inner feelings, thoughts, etc
Subjects are asked to interpret what they see in the inkblots.
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Defense Mechanism Practice
Work with a partner and read each scenario to correctly identify which
defense mechanism is being exhibited.
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Using our laptops…
Log on to - Rorschach & Freudians: Crash Course Psychology #21• Watch the video and then answer the Quiz Questions –
you’ll turn it in for a grade
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Wednesday, October 18th
Good morning!
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Humanistic PsychologyKhan academy
•In the 1960’s people became sick of Freud’s negativity, trait psych’s objectivity, and behaviorist psych’s determinism.
• Along came psychologists who wanted to focus on “healthy” people and how to help them strive to “be all that they can be”.
• Key Figures: A. Maslow / C. Rogers
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Humanistic Personality Theory
Rejects determinism (your actions are dictated by your past).
Humans have free will (ability to choose their own destiny).
Humans are innately good and as long as their self-esteemand self-concept are positive, they will be happy.
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Abraham MaslowKhan academy
•Hierarchy of Needs
•Humans ultimately seek self- actualization (the process of fulfilling our potential; becoming our ideal self).
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Carl Rogers
The objective of humans is to become self-actualized.
Compared human potential to that of acorns
For Humans to “grow” they need:• Genuineness• Acceptance (Unconditional Positive
Regard)• Empathy
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Criticism of Humanistic Psychology
Reflects Western Cultural Values
Extreme Individualism leads to Narcissism
Fails to Account for Immense Evil (People are basically good?)
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Trait Theory of Personality
Describe people’s personalities by specifying their main characteristics (traits – patterns of behavior or disposition to feel/act).
Traits like honesty, laziness, ambition, outgoing are thought to be stable over the course of your lives.
Often use Personality Inventories (Factor Analysis is used to cluster items and score personality “tests”.
First developed by Gordon Allport (interviewed Freud).
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Trait Theory of Personality
MMPI – Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – most widely researched/used trait personality inventory
Introversion-Extroversion/Emotional Stability Scale (Eysenck)
BIG FIVE Personality Traits:1. Extraversion (how outgoing or shy one is)2. Agreeableness (how easy to get along with one is)3. Conscientiousness (hardworking, responsible, organized)4. Openness to Experience (creativity, curiosity, etc.)5. Emotional Stability (Neuroticism; consistency of mood) OCEAN or CANOE
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Trait Theory CriticismKhan academy
• Person-Situation Controversy – while there’s been some evidence of persistence of traits with age, they seem to vary by situation and circumstance
• Consistency of Expressive Style – some traits seem more easily judged or pervasive than others
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Social-Cognitive Personality TheoriesKhan Academy
Focus on how we interact with our culture and environment
Albert BanduraReciprocal Determinism (traits,
environment, and behavior all interact and influence each other to form personality)
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Social-Cognitive Personality Theories
Rotter - “Locus of Control”◦ External
◦ Internal
Seligman - “Learned Helplessness”, Optimism, & Positive Psychology
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Martin Seligman (1942- )American psychologist
Proponent of positive psychology
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEO3sJdoNV8song
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Behaviorist Perspective on Personality TheoriesKhan Academy
The way most people think of personality is meaningless.
Personality changes according to the environment (rein forcers and punishments).
If you change environment then you change the personality.
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Biological Perspective on Personality Theories
What % of personality variance can be attributed to genetics (heritability)?
We are not sure BUT temperaments do seem to be stable from infants to old age.
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Somatotype Theory
An early biological theory by William Sheldon.
Endomorphs (Fat) tend to be friendly and outgoing.
Mesomorphs (muscular) tend to be more aggressive.
Ectomorphs (thin) tend to be more shy and secretive.
Sheldon’s research was coorelative only and has not been replicated.
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Beware of the Barnum Effect !
People have the tendency to see themselves in vague, stock descriptions of personality.
Horoscopes, astrologists, psychics, and short “personality tests” all take advantage of this tendency.
What your favorite color
says about you!!!
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Exploring the Self
Markus & “Possible Selves” Research
Spotlight Effect – overestimating others’ noticing and evaluating one’s appearance, performance, etc.
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Exploring the SelfSelf-Esteem – one’s feelings of high or low self worth◦ High self esteem correlates with better sleep, more resistance to
peer pressure, less drug use, persistence, happiness, etc.
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Exploring the SelfSelf-serving Bias – a readiness to perceive oneself favorably◦ People accept responsibility more readily for good vs. evil, success
vs. failure
◦ People view themselves as better than average
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---and “self efficacy” is----http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wrzzbaomLmc&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IHA5gEbusE
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Exploring the SelfCulture & Self
Finish this sentence… ◦ “I am....”
Individualism – emphasis on one’s own goals and defining one’s identity in terms of self rather than the group
◦ KEY WORD – “ME”
Collectivism – emphasis on one’s group and defining one’s identify accordingly
◦ KEY WORD – “WE”