Module Road Map Assignment Road Map Notice we have linked the conduit directly to the presentation...
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Transcript of Module Road Map Assignment Road Map Notice we have linked the conduit directly to the presentation...
Module Road Map
Assignment Road Map
Notice we have linked the conduit directly to the presentation layer. This is normally a bad idea!
Credit CategoriesAssignment 2 –
1 2 3
Introduction to XMLHow do we make all of these diverse
technologies work together?Extensible Mark-up Language (XML)Origins in SGML (Standard Generalised
Mark-up Language)Late 1980 early 90s Tim Berners-Lee working
in Switzerland devised the first specification for HTML based on SGML
Simple HTML Document
Rendered as…
Tags mark-up the content…
Problems with HTMLThe tags were defined as part of the language
specification
Different browsers added new features to the language in order to compete
Browser wars
The Marquee Tag
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)Devise standards and software related to the
World Wide Web
Greater standardisation was applied to HTML leading to XML
XMLA meta-language - data about data
May be used to define other mark-up languages
XML may be used in many other non web related contexts (Office Documents)
Allows us to split data from presentation
Media Centre MasterTool to manage films saved as DivX filesCreation of scan foldersCommunicates with the Internet Movie
Database
Web serviceWeb page versus web document
Viewed in Windows Media Centre
Viewed at IMDB
Tags in XMLXML doesn’t define a large range of tagsIf we want to create a new tag in XML we
don’t need to wait for a new version of the language
XML allows us define our own mark-up languages
XHTML (eXtensible HyperText Markup Language)
XHTML
Document Type Definition contains a set of rules that define what are allowable tags in an XHTML file
IMDB XML
The XML DeclarationThe top line of the file reads as follows... <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
standalone="yes"?>
XML Version (1.0 or 1.1 – only interested in 1.0)
Encoding – utf-8
EncodingEverything we see on a computer is internally
represented as binary data
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
UNICODE
65 Uppercase A66 Uppercase B67 Uppercase C68 Uppercase D69 Uppercase E70 Uppercase F
41 Uppercase A42 Uppercase B43 Uppercase C44 Uppercase D45 Uppercase E46 Uppercase F
How do we translate the following? - 46, 41, 44, 45
The Root ElementA tag that encloses all of the data in the file
and must not be empty
XML file for 28 Days Later has a root element of <Title>
Elements <LocalTitle>28 Days Later</LocalTitle>
Opening tag <LocalTitle>Closing tag </LocalTitle>Data 28 Days Later
Attributes and ValuesAdded to elements to include additional data(Modified structure to illustrate attributes
and values)
Five Rules of XML1. Tag names are case sensitiveThis is ok...
<LocalTitle>28 Days Later</LocalTitle> This is not...
<LocalTitle>28 Days Later</Localtitle> These are two different tags
<localtitle>28 Days Later</localtitle> <LocalTitle>28 Days Later</LocalTitle>
Five Rules of XML2. Every opening tag must have a closing tag
This is good...
<LocalTitle>28 Days Later</LocalTitle> This is bad...
<LocalTitle>28 Days Later
Five Rules of XML3. A nested tag pair cannot overlap another tag
Good Bad <Persons> <Person> <Name>Alex Palmer</Name> <Type>Actor</Type> <Role>Activist</Role> </Person>
<Persons> <Person> <Name>Alex Palmer</Name> <Type>Actor</Type> <Role>Activist</Person></Role>
Five Rules of XML4. Attribute values must appear within quotes Good... <FilmDetail Title="28 Days Later" IMDBrating="7.6"
ProductionYear="2002">
Bad... <FilmDetail Title=28 Days Later IMDBrating=7.6
ProductionYear=2002>
Five Rules of XML5. Every document must have a root element