Module 4

MODULE 4

STAKEHOLDER MAPPING

Introduction

Stakeholder Mapping – first stage of Capacity Development process

Enable stakeholders to give their

own perspectives on the

situation

Thorough stakeholder mapping is the foundation of a successful programme

Understand who is influenced

by or influencing the various

stakeholders

Highlight opportunities and constraints to potential programme

Should be as inclusive as possible

What is Net-Map?

Used in various contexts or stages

Inclusive approach to working with wide variety of people

Society / enabling environment

Individuals

Organisations

Groups

Step-by-step guide to using Net-Map: Preparation

What is the overarching issue?

What do you want from the process?

4. What are their goals?• define the goals you want to

examine

Who can influence the projector

General map of network environmentor

Specific conflict or

Defined groupor

Who belongs to the networkTailor the framework to suit

1. Who is involved? • having a clear issue will make this

obvious

2. How are they linked? • define the links you want to examine• focus on the most important links• limit yourself to no more than 5• make sure the links are specific

3. How influential are they?• make sure the word influential is

culturally understood

Step-by-step guide to using Net-Map: Pre-test

Once you’ve established the overarching issue

Work with somebody who knows the context

Develop your own Influence Network Map

Adjust framework if required

Analyse terms to understand local appropriateness

Pre test with people similar to those you want to participate

Step-by-step guide to using Net-Map: Set up interview

Decide who you want to interview

Allow plenty of time: generally 1 – 2 hours minimum

Book a quiet place with big, flat surface

Ensure you have a second person to take notes and record discussion

Prepare one empty mapping sheet for each interview

Step-by-step guide to using Net-Map: Question 1

Who is involved?

Place a mapping sheet in front of interviewee

Ask them to name all individuals, groups and organisations that can influence the issue you are examining

Capture every actor that comes to mind on an actor card

Distribute each card on the map

Read each name out loud to ensure all captured

• use different colours per actor/groups of actors• if illiterate interviewees allocate figurine per actor


How are they linked?

You will have already defined the links you want to understand

Ask your interviewee to connect the actors with arrows indicating ‘something’ – from one actor to another

When actors exchange something then put two arrows

Start with the link that you expect to be the least common

Where there is more than one exchange use two arrow heads which are a different colour

Remember: capture links as they are currently

Influence on Disbursing Funds


How influential are they?

Ensure you have the same understanding of the word influence

Influence = ability of actor to influence a specific issue

Sources of influence include: legitimate decision making capacity; giving advice or incentives; bending or breaking the rules

One actor figurine per actor

Allocate the right number of influence pieces per actor: higher tower = more influence

Verbalise what you see

Encourage adjustments if required

Discuss sources and effects of influence for all of the actors

Step-by-step guide to using Net-Map: Question 4 + Discuss

What are their goals?

Focus on each actor and determine which goals they will support with interviewee

Add abbreviation or symbols next to each actor card

Allow space for multiple goals per each actor

Allow reflection on outcome of exercise

You will have already defined the goals you want to examine

Discuss the result with interviewees

Step-by-step guide to using Net-Map: Structure

Who do you involve?

Research focus • Interview people who know something about the issues at stake• Use common sense to determine number of interviews eg. When no

new information emerges from interviews

Facilitating a process• Interview people who influence or

are influenced by the issue at stake

• Continuous activity, must define who is necessary as part of process

Will depend on your main goal: research tool or facilitate a process

• Who to include is more strategic than need for new information

Goal might be a combination of the twotherefore keep both perspectives in mind


Group or individual interviews?

Sometimes useful to do a round of individual interviews first

Then bring everyone together to make a group map

• Organisational learning• Increase group cohesion• Understand perceptions of links• Increase awareness of different perspectives

Role as facilitator very importantespecially if opinions differ

Tool can be used for both

Remember:Group exercises take much longerThe bigger the group the smaller the individual input


How to use the maps?

Use maps as they are for group discussion

Hand drawn maps made by different participants can be your strongest tool in discussions

Could also transform the maps into computer-generated

ones

Further quantitative analysis

You will learn a lot about the issues at stake

Improve plans and activities


Social network analysis

Have a lot of links Have links to people who have a lot of links

Link people who are not otherwise linked Are able to reach everyone in the network

without going through too many intermediaries

Determines their centralityNumber of links of an actor

Degree Centrality Eigenvector Centrality Betweenness Centrality Closeness Centrality

Could use network analysis software eg. VisuaLyzer

Most commonly used UCINet

or

In summary

• This stage is critical - try to get it right

• Use the right tool for the process – Net-Map

• Prepare properly for the mapping interviews

• Understand the context as clearly as possible

• Make sure you are clear about the overall objective of the mapping

• Invite the right people to be interviews

• Understand cultural significance of key words

• Be inclusive

• Use the outputs effectively

• for group discussions

• inputting the data into network analysis software for further analysis

Module 4

Education

Transcript of Module 4