Module 1Module 1

Introduction To Computer System

Introduction To Computer System

Module 1 ObjectivesModule 1 Objectives

• At the end of the lesson, you should be able to :– Identify the basic concept and usage of a computer– Identify the basic component of a computer– Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of

computers– Recognize the purpose of network and the use of

internet and network – Differentiate between system software and application

software– Describe the categories of computers

ComputerComputer

• What is computer literacy?– Knowledge of computers and their uses– Computers are everywhere

What is a computer?What is a computer?

• How is a computer defined?– It is an electronic device operating under the

controls of instruction stored in its memory.

What Is Computer ?What Is Computer ?

• The information processing cycle consist the below: – Input – Process– Output– Storage– Communication

Information Processing CycleInformation Processing Cycle

1. Input: Accepting data that has been represented in a way that the computer can use.

2. Processing: Performing arithmetic or comparison (logical) operations on the represented data.

3. Output: Displaying results4. Storage: Storing results for later reuse.5. Communication: Transferring data to from one point to another

Communication

Computer System ComponentsComputer System Components

• Input devices• Output devices• System unit

Input devicesInput devices

• Hardware used to enter data and instructions

Output devicesOutput devices

• Hardware that is used to convey messages to one or more people

System UnitSystem Unit

• Case containing electronic components used to process data

MotherboardMotherboard

• Central Processing Unit – Also called the processor – The electronic component that

interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer

• Memory– Consists of electronic

components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions

Intel Itanium 2© Processor

StorageStorage

– Storage • Holds data, instruction and information for future use.

• Storage media

– Physical material on which data, instructions and information is stored.

• Storage device

– Records and retrieves items to

and from storage devices

Communication Devices Communication Devices

• Hardware component that enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions and information.

• Occurs over cables, telephone lines, cellular radio networks and other transmission media.

Advantages of using a computerAdvantages of using a computer

• Speed

• Reliability

• Consistency

• Storage

• Communications

Disadvantages of using ComputersDisadvantages of using Computers

• Violation of privacy

• Impact on labor force

• Health risk

• Impact on environment

Networks and the InternetNetworks and the Internet

• What is a network?

• Network is a collection of computers and devices connected together

Networks and the InternetNetworks and the Internet

• Reasons for network

Networks and the InternetNetworks and the Internet

• Generally, a network uses a client server architecture• Servers manages

resources on a

network• Client access the

resources from the

server.

Networks and the Internet

Networks and the InternetNetworks and the Internet

• What is Internet?• Internet is a world wide collection of networks

that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions and individuals.

Networks and the InternetNetworks and the Internet

• Users access the internet for :– Communications– Information– Shopping– Banking and Investing– Classes– Entertainment

Networks and the InternetNetworks and the Internet

• What is The WWW (World Wide Web)?

• consist of billions of documents, called web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet.

What is Software ?What is Software ?

• Series of instructions that process data

• Two kinds– System software

• Used by the computer– Application software

• Used by the user

•A computer system requires software to make the best use of its capabilities and to solve problems

What is System Software ?What is System Software ?

• Enables application software to interact with computer hardware

• A “Background” software manage internal computer resources and coordinate the application software requests with computer hardware without user interaction

Operating system software

• Most important system software• Executes application software• Stores data and programs• manages all the overall operation

of the computer system• I.e. Eg. Window 2000, Linux,

UNIX, Sun Solaris, Mac OS X

What is Application Software ?What is Application Software ?

• General-purpose programs

– Some types: Browsers, Spreadsheet,

Database management systems,

presentation graphics, word processor

– i.e Internet Explorer, Microsoft Word,

PowerPoint

• Special-purpose programs

– Custom written for specialized tasks– written for an organization’s or business

type’s specific purpose – i.e. Online Registration System

•End-user software enter commands and typically interact with

application programs.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)Graphical User Interface (GUI)

• What is a graphical user interface?– Allows you to interact with the software using

graphics and icon.– Controls how you enter data and how the

screen displays information.

Install and run softwareInstall and run software

Categories of ComputersCategories of Computers

• Desktop

• Mobile computers and mobile devices

• Midrange servers

• Mainframes

• Supercomputers

• Embedded computers

Further ReadingFurther Reading

• H.L. Capron, J.A. Johnson. Computers: Tools for an Information Age. Seventh Edition. Prentice-Hall. -- Chap 1

• Ron White. How Computers Work. Millennium Edition. QUE. -- Chap 1

• Larry Long, Nancy Long. Computers. 8th Edition. Prentice-Hall. -- Chap 1