MODULE 3THREE

DIMENTIONAL INSTRUCTIONAL

MEDIA

BONA MAE S. ORDANZA

Models and Mock-ups

Models are modified real things – reproductions of costly or delicate items that can be provided at reasonable cost and are safe to use. They are replicas of real objects which may be larger or smaller than the real thing.

MODEL

Varied Purposes of Models

1. When real objects are too small or too large to bring into the classroom.2. To present subject matter involving the pas and the future.3. Physical inaccessibility4. Abstract constructions5. To explain processes

Types of Models1. Solid Models2. Cross-section Model/Cut-away Models3. Construction Models4. Working Models

Models and Mock-ups

Meanwhile, a mock-up is an arrangement of a real device or associated devices, displayed in such a way that representation of reality is created. The mock-up may be simplified in order to emphasize certain features. It is also considered as a special model where the parts of a model are singled out, heightened and magnified in order to focus on that part or process under study.

MOCK-UPS

ADVANTAGES

a. Allow learners to examine model or mock-up which may not be easy in the real objects.

b. Functioning model/mock-up allows learner to handle and operate.

c. Create high interest and permit close up observation on how it works.

d. Can provide learning experiences that real objects cannot provide.

e. Working models can illustrate basic operations of a real device and provide important details.

f. Allow learner to independently study the item at their own convenience.

g. Make a classroom discussion more effective.

LIMITATIONS

a. They require tedious work.b. They are expensive.c. They might distort some real

concepts.d. Some models which are too heavy

or too big may be difficult to handle for actual lecture.

OBJECTS AND SPECIMEN

Objects are concrete materials such as plants, animals, tools, artifacts used in providing direct experience.

Specimen, on the other hand, is a part or aspect of some item that is a typical sample of the character of others in its same class or group. Specimen enable us to learn many things that would otherwise be unobtainable.

Objects and specimen enable us to build generalizations that would otherwise cost prohibitive amounts of time and effort.

OBJECT SPECIMEN

Diorama

The term diorama is of Greek origin which means “to see through”. Diorama is a three-dimensional representation of events, ideas or concepts against a scenic background.

It is also known as a meaningful exhibit in boxes or cases, which are portable.

It is a miniature scene in three-dimensional treatment that is meant to replicate reality and cause students to think creativity and aesthetically.

Four principal parts of dioramas

1. The case or stage2. The painted background3. The three-dimensional middle and foreground4. The figures, constructions, and modeled objects that are placed in the case

ADVANTAGES

a. They have intrinsic value.b. They allow us to compare past and

present conditions.c. They help us make connections to the

real world.d. It develops student’s creativity.e. It can be viewed, handled, and

examined by students.f. It adds interest and meaning to the

lesson.

LIMITATIONS

a. It demands space in the classroom in terms of use and storage.

b. It is generally expensive.c. It is easily damaged.

Puppets

Puppets are artificial figures whose movements are controlled by a person.

They are animate objects that are manipulated so as to appear to be moving.

The person who operates them is called a puppeteer.

Puppets are moved by hand or by strings, wires, or rods.

Types of Puppets

Shadow puppets

They are two-dimensional in nature, normally controlled by rods that are much thinner than the typical ones that are used to support the rod puppet.

This type of puppet makes use of a translucent screen (rear-view screen) and a light source for its effective use.

Rod puppets

They are flat cut out figures tacked to a stacked, with one or more movable parts, and operated from below the stage level wire rods or slender sticks.

Hand puppets

This type of puppet is made to slip over the hand like a glove. The puppet’s head is operated by the finger of the puppeteer, the little finger and thumb are being used to animate the puppet hands.

Glove-and-finger puppets

They make use of old gloves to which small costumed figure are attached.

Marionettes

These puppets are suspended and controlled by a number of strings, plus sometimes a central rod attached to a control bar held from above by the puppeteer.

The control bar can be either a horizontal or vertical one.

ADVANTAGES

a. They boost active participation among students.

b. Stirring and attention getting.c. Fascination of the inanimate objects.d. Enjoyable and spontaneous learning

experiences.e. Students become more creative.

LIMITATIONS

a. It is time-consuming.b. It is expensive.c. It demands extra effort.d. It can compete with the teacher.

Principles in Choosing a Puppet Play for Teaching

1. Do not use puppets for plays that can be done just as well or better by another dramatic means.

2. Puppets play must be based on action rather than words.

3. Keep the plays short to ensure success4. Do not omit the possibilities of music

and dancing as part of the puppet show5. Adapt the puppet show in all respects

to your audience6. Do not hesitate to adapt the puppet

play

RESOURCE PERSON AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIUM

A resource person is someone invited to talk about something. He/ she is experienced or knowledgeable with and is capable of sharing what he/ she knows.

INTRODUCING THE SPEAKER/S

The following should be remembered in introducing the speakers:

1. Thoroughly prepare what you are going to say2. Follow the TIS formula: T- stands for topic or the exact title of the

speaker’s talk I- stands for importance of the topic S- stands for the speaker. It includes the

speaker’s outstanding qualifications, particularly those that relate to the topic.

3. Announce the speaker’s name distinctly and clearly.

4. Be enthusiastic about the speaker.

THINGS TO REMEMBER WHEN INVITED AS A RESOURCE SPEAKER

a. Restrict your subject to fit the time at your disposal.

b. Arrange your ideas in sequence.c. Enumerate your points as you make

them.d. Compare the strange with the familiar.e. Turn in a fact into a picturef. Avoid technical terms.g. Use the appropriate media.h. Speak with contagious enthusiasm.i. Show respect and affection for your

audience.j. Begin in a friendly way.

When delivering the talk

a. Crash thoroughly your shell of self-consciousness.

b. Don’t try to imitate others- be yourself.

c. Converse with your audience.d. Put your heart into your speaking.e. Practice making your voice strong and

flexible.

ADVANTAGES

a. Less preparation on the part of the teacher.

b. Thorough discussion of the topic.c. It might add enthusiasm to the

audience if the speaker is good.

LIMITATIONS

a. Hassle in searching for the suitable speaker

b. It might confuse the audience if the speaker is not good enough.

c. Less enthusiasm from the audience if the speaker is boring.

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http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=puppets&um=1&hl=tl&tbm=isch&tbnid=vZd8leS4pvKCSM:&imgrefurl=http://dutchdirt.com/&imgurl=http://dutchdirt.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/shadowpuppets.jpg&w=430&h=346&ei=Jx3GTZHGFZLcvQOsrc2gAQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&page=2&tbnh=110&tbnw=141&start=24&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:15,s:24&biw=1366&bih=519

Etc……..

THANK YOU&

GOD BLESS!!!