Mobile IP & IPv6 in 3G UMTS/cdma2000 Mobile Networks · PDF fileMobile IP & IPv6 in 3G...

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003

Mobile IP & IPv6 in 3G UMTS/cdma2000 Mobile NetworksMaximizing your Packet Data Network

Nortel NetworksWireless Product MarketingCD Lee

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003 1

• IP version 6 - The Next Generation Internet• IPv6 in CDMA Operation• IPv6 in UMTS Operation• An Overview Of Nortel CDMA/WLAN

UMTS/WLAN Mobile IP Solutions• Summary


IP version 6The Next Generation Internet

NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL

Introduction – Business Drivers • Mandating of IPv6 for mobile handsets and core

networks of both UMTS R5 and CDMA 2000• General IPv4 address shortage particularly for

delivering ‘always on’ and ‘push’ Internet services to large numbers of mobile handsets in the push of UMTS into China and other countries of Asia

• Seen by Governments as solution to business constraints in both Europe (especially EU commission) and AsiaPac (especially Japan, Taiwan and S.Korea) caused by low availability of globally routable IPv4 addresses

There is no incentive for enterprises to reequip with IPv6 at present :Minimal extra capabilities (most retro-fitted to IPv4), need for new equipment

Lack of common application support (Microsoft


Nortel IPv6 Position• Nortel is fully behind IPv6

– Nortel was actually the first company to release IPv6 in 1997

• Today Nortel believe that IPv6 is driven by the wireless business, specifically UMTS and CDMA2000

• Nortel is actively developing v6 on the platforms most relevant to that architecture.

• Nortel are targeting UMTS Release 5 as a date for commercially available products.

• Nortel believe that IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist in the network for the foreseeable future and we will support interoperation between them to protect our customers existing investments.


IPv6 in CDMA Operation


cdma2000 IPv6 Standards Status

• Packet Data Standards (TIA IS-835-B)– Only Simple IPv6 (i.e., no Mobile IPv6 yet)

• Subset of IPv6 defined for both mobile and PDSN

– Transport (tunnel layer IOS IS-2001) independent of application layer.– The RAN and PDSN may natively run IPv4 or IPv6, or both,

independent of the MS IP (protocol) version– The PCF and PDSN may support connections on either IPv4 or IPv6.

– Transition mechanisms (not yet defined)

• 3GPP2 Multimedia (i.e. IS-835C)– Mostly work in progress…

• Mobile IPv6• Transition Mechanisms• Other Nodes (i.e. SIP Server, etc.)• Transport layer (i.e. future ISO release)


3GPP2 ALL-IP Network Architecture Model

TrunkSignalingGateway

MediaGateway

MediaResourceFunction

CoreQuality ofService

Manager

SessionControl

Manager

Mobile IPHomeAgent

AAA

9

8

15 16 17

2123

24

28

47

33 34

3837

MediaGatewayControl

Function

PSTN

2620

30

22

39

ServiceApplication

45

3 4 62 5

44

48

PositionServer

12

BorderRouter

46

29

40

27

PositionDetermining

Entity

18 25

MobileStation

IPNetwork

1

cdma2000 Access Network

MM

BTS

36

43

41

32

AccessGateway

FA /Attendant

31

35

NetworkCapabilityGateway

SubscriptionQuality ofService

Manager 1011

Legacy MSDomainSupport

BSC/RNC+ PCF

Other Access Networks

Databases

EIR . . .PolicyRules

NetworkDSI Subscription

Profile

19

42

Potential IPv6 Hotspot in Yellow


3GPP2 Nomenclature• MGW = Media Gateway• SGW = Signaling Gateway• HA=Home Agent• SCM = Session Control Manager• MGCF = Media Gateway Control Function

• MRF = Media Resource Function

Internet

AAA

UASMRF

ShastaHA

PVGMGW

USPSGW

PVGMGW

IMSSCM

CS-2000MGCF

PVGMGW

Packet network (IPv4 and/ or IPv6)

MTXXA-Core

eBSC

eSBS

CDMA Access Gateway

PDSN

PSTN

MTXXA-Core

IS-41

Succession components

Wireless components

Succession components

Core IP

IPv6 Hotspots

Nortel Networks 3GPP2 Architecture


IPv6 in UMTS Operation


Wireless Gateway

Home GGSN

IWF Iu (CS & PS)

IPv4/GTP PLMN Packet Backbone

SS7/IP Gateway (SIG)

SS7 Transport

Iub/Iur Transport

Iub/Iur Transport

Node B

Foreign GGSN Gi

Gp

Gn

Ga

3 G SGSN

UTRAN CN

T R A U

Wireless Gateway

3 G SGSN

T R A U

Iu Transport

Note: Only some of the primary interface reference points shown.

Preside CGF (Sun)

Preside DHCP (Sun)

Lawful Intercept

Internet/ Intranet

Preside Radius (Sun)

MSC PSTN

Gateway MSC

HSS (DMS)

Preside FCAPs

Functions Preside FCAPs

Functions

A p p s (Sun)

Apps (Sun)

Preside DNS (Sun)

Preside FCAPs

Functions

R N C

I-N o d e

C -Node I-N o d e

RNC

I-Node

C -Node

R N C

I-Node

C- Node

Gr

Local Content

Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

IPv6 Hotspots in Yellow for this release of UMTS

UMTS R5 Data Network

To Support All 3GPP Standards Mandates for UMTS R5 & Enable Infrastructure Sharing & Peering


UMTS IPv6 OperationServices Deployment Options - and impact

RNC SGSN GGSNv6 IMServer

RNC SGSN GGSN v4 AppServer

RNC SGSN GGSN

v6 transit

v6IM netv4

Transit

6to4 or 6over4tunneling

v6Mobile 1) Tunnel via v4 net to v6 IM net: GGSN must do 6 to 4 tunneling (shown in gray)

2) IPv6 Mobile Accessing IPv4 Data Server – NAT-PT on GGSN- doesn’t work for some Apps; doesn’t scale

v6Mobile

NAT-PT

v4Transit

v6 IMServer

v4 AppServer

v4Transit

v4 / v6dual-stack

Mobile3) Likely startup scenario - v4 and v6 services; dual stack mobile; GGSN must deal with both addressing systems


Nortel’s All-IP (IPv6) IM Subsystem (3G)

Terminal Devices AccessNetworks

Internet, IntranetsIM Subsystem

MobilityServer

IPv4/v6 tunneled in GTP

IPv4 or v6 IPv4 or Ipv6

SIPServers

SubscriberData

ServerIP v6Network

IntranetVPN

ContentSwitch

MS ShastaGGSN

6to4 NAT-PT

AlteonSwitch

IP v4Network

AlteonSwitch

PP15KSGSN

PP 8600

IP v4Network

IPv6Network


Key IP Multimedia RFCs and Internet Drafts for Release 5

• SIP compression– draft-hannu-rohc-signaling-cellular-01.txt “Application Signaling Over Cellular Links”.– draft-hannu-rohc-roger-00.txt “RObust GEneric message size Reduction (ROGER)”.– draft-liu-rohc-scribe-00.txt “Scalable Robust Efficient Dictionary-Based Compression

(SCRIBE)”.

• SIP– RFC 2543bis “SIP: Session Initiation Protocol”.– draft-ietf-sip-manyfolks-resource-01.txt “Integration of Resource Management and SIP:

SIP Extensions for Resource Management”. – draft-ietf-sip-100rel-03.txt “Reliability of Provisional Responses in SIP”.– draft-ietf-sip-privacy-01.txt “SIP Extensions for Caller Identity and Privacy”.– draft-ietf-sip-call-auth-01.txt “SIP Extensions for Media Authorization”.– draft-3gpp-sip-establish-00.txt “3GPP IP Multimedia CN Subsystem - Session

Establishment Flows”.– draft-3gpp-sip-registration-00.txt “3GPP IP Multimedia CN Subsystem - Registration

Flows”.


Mobile IPv6

• Still under development• Basic idea is similar to Mobile IPv4• Much better implementation

– Home agent fields initial packet from caller– Send authenticated care-of address option to caller

• Big issue with how to setup security associations

– Subsequent packets travel directly to/from caller ócare-of address

• Does not need forged source address• Does not need foreign agents• Always does route optimisation


An Overview Of Nortel CDMA/WLAN UMTS/WLAN Mobile IP Solutions


Elements of Nortel Strategy

VPN Security is key

OSS and BSS SystemsOSS and BSS SystemsSupport Support WLANsWLANs

Ethernet Mobility, SecurityEthernet Mobility, SecurityAnd And QoSQoS/BWM/BWM

Seamlessness Between WLANAnd 2.5/3G

Internet

Superior IP TelephonySuperior IP TelephonyAnd MM VoiceAnd MM Voice--Data Data IntegInteg


Authentication & Dynamic Addressing

PDSN/FA HA

mobile node

1. Start PPP session

2. AA (with FAC)

3. RRQ (IP1/NAI/FACR)

10. RRQ (IP1/NAI)

14. RRP (IP2/NAI)

SCS

11. Sub pullfor NAI

12. Sub info for NAI

15. RRP (IP2)

IP1 = 0.0.0.0NAI = [email protected] = address assigned by HAFAC = Mobile IP ChallengeFARC = Mobile IP Challenge ResponseM-H = Mobile-Home Authentication extensionM-A = MN-AAA Authentication extension

13. Allocate IP addressfrom internal pool = IP2

6. Access-Request(CHAP)

9. Access-Accept

7. Access-Request (CHAP)

8. Access-Accept

IP in IP tunnel

Opt. reverse tunnel

LocalRADIUS

HomeRADIUS

SCS

4. Sub pullfor MSID

5. Sub info for MSID


PDSN (acting as a FA)

Public IP NetworkPublic IP NetworkUDR

Visited Network Home Network

VLR HLRSS7

Accounting proxyFunk/AAAServer

AAAServer

Home Agent

• Accounting will be performed by the Foreign Agent which routes packets in both directions.• Home Network can be both wireless or wireline. Therefore, home agent does not necessarily

perform accounting based on 3GPP2.• Preside AAA server supports accounting proxy where accounting records can be sent to AAA

server in home network.

Forward packet flow

Reverse packet flow

Billing Record flow

Traditional Circuit Network

PDSN Accounting:Mobile IP


MSC

CS SS7

HLRHLR

PDSN

Data CenterData Center

WLAN Data WLAN Data CenterCenter

AAA Server(Bridgewater or Metasolv)

AAA Server / Radius Proxy

Terminals

WLAN

CDMA

Internet

•Single sign-on•Single bill•Single authentication

1X/DOMetro Cell

BSC/RNC

Nortel WLAN 2220 Access

Point

Nortel WLAN 2201 Mobile

Adaptor

Nortel WLAN2250 Security

Switch

Shasta BSN

Nortel “One-Bill” Solution with Seamless Mobile IP

Mobile IP allows seamless handoff between CDMA 1X/DO & WLAN

BirdStepMobile IP

client

Mobile IP Home Agent for WLAN and CDMA 2000FA

Customers access WLAN network via Mobile IP client software to CDMA operator


Always-On Anytime, Anywhere -Mobile IP – FA & HA

Network Level Mobility• Inter-PDSN via Mobile IP• Anchored by HA• HA can reside external to wireless

network• HA-FA Tunneling options

APBW CDMA WirelessPacket Core

BSC_1

BSC_2

BSC_3

PDSN/FA_1

PDSN/FA_2

IP-in-IP

IP-in-IP

Univity HA

Air InterfaceMobility

Link LevelMobility

Network LevelMobility

Nortel WLAN 2220 Access

Point

WLAN Hot Spot

Co-located COA

HA-AAAAuthentication &Accounting

Birdstep MIP Client

Nortel WLAN 2201 Mobile

Adapter

Integrated IP Services ready to be turned on when you want

Nortel WLAN 2250 Security

Switch


• SecurityPersonalized firewalls

• Protects users information• Ensure services availability• Secure operators revenues

• Allocate resources based on subscriber profile, on application

• QoSTraffic managementDiffServ

• Pre-position and personalize content• Increase customer loyalty

• ContentPersonal Content portalWeb Steering

• Build revenue in corporate segment• Increase operator revenues with

additional outsourced services

• VPN End-to-End VPN, L2TP VPN, IPSec VPN

IP Services Across CDMA & WLAN

Integrated IP Services ready to be turned on when you want

• Maximize and Preserves Operator Investment

• Subscriber Service Transparency in any network

• MobilityMobile IP


Summary• Nortel is fully behind IPv6. Nortel is fully behind

Nortel believe that IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist in the network for the foreseeable future and we will support interoperation between them to protect our customers existing investments.

• Nortel is actively developing v6 on the platforms most relevant to wireless CDMA/UMTS architecture.

• Nortel Networks are committed to helping operators create a mobile environment that delivers users compelling content and data services from any location. Nortel Networks sees WLAN and WWAN as complementary technologies:WLAN somewhere vs WWAN everywhere

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