1. Koichi Inoue Subject Librarian MLA referencing

2. Read the Handbook Modern Language Association of America. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 7th ed. New York: MLA, 2009. Print. http://victoria.lconz.ac.nz/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=127 6912 There are some reliable online sources such as Purdue Online Writing Lab: MLA Style https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/675/1/ Be aware there are confusing/conflicting messages on the Web. 3. Print books (one author/editor) Bevington, David M. Murder Most Foul. Hamlet through the Ages. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2011. Print. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. G. R. Hibbard. Corby: Oxford UP, 1987. Print. Oxford Shakespeare. Knowles, Ronald, ed. Shakespeare and Carnival: After Bakhtin. Basingstoke: Macmillan P; New York: St. Martins P, 1998. Print. Early Modern Literature in History. Kott, Jan. Shakespeare Our Contemporary. Trans. Boleslaw Taborski. 2nd rev. ed. London: Methuen, 1967. Print. University Paperbacks 198. 4. 5 min. exercise Using the information provided in the hand-out, cite the title in MLA. 5. Answer Wilkins, Damien. For Everyone Concerned and Other Stories. Wellington: Victoria UP, 2007. Print. 6. Print books (multiple authors/editors) Barber, C. L., and Richard P. Wheeler. The Whole Journey: Shakespeares Power of Development. Berkeley: U of California P, 1986. Print. Muir, Kenneth, and Stanley W. Wells, eds. Aspects of Hamlet: Articles Reprinted from Shakespeare Survey. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1979. Print. Inoue, Koichi, et al. Referencing for Beginners. Wellington: Free P, 2014. Print. 7. A work in anthology/collection McNaughton, Howard. Drama. The Oxford History of New Zealand Literature in English. Ed. Terry Sturm. Auckland: Oxford UP, 1991. 271332. Print. Joyce, James. Watching the Needleboats at San Sabba. The Essential James Joyce. Ed. Harry Levin. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1969. 341342. Print. 8. Multi volume work When you use two or more volumes, Dickens, Charles. The Letters of Charles Dickens. Ed. Georgina Hogarth and Mamie Dickens. 3 vols. London: Chapman, 1880-1882. Print. When you use only one volume, Dickens, Charles. The Letters of Charles Dickens. Ed. Georgina Hogarth and Mamie Dickens. Vol. 1. London: Chapman, 1880. Print. 9. 5 min. exercise Using the information provided in the hand-out, cite the title in MLA. 10. Answer Wilkins, Damien. I Wrote the Book. For Everyone Concerned and Other Stories. Wellington: Victoria UP, 2007. 2335. Print. 11. Medium of publication? It basically means how you viewed your research material. If you read a print book, a journal/newspaper/magazine article, etc. note it as Print. If you read a book, a journal/newspaper/magazine article and watched films and TV episodes on the Web, note it as Web. If you watched films and TV episodes on DVD, note it as DVD. If you read a book, a journal/newspaper/magazine article and watched films and TV episodes in a file, 12. Download it if you can Its simpler to cite downloaded material than material read, viewed and heard online. Once downloaded, everything becomes a kind of digital file. Digital files can exist independently from the Web (section 5.7.18). Examples are PDF files, image files, music files and video files on your computer. Determine the kind of work you are citing (e.g. a book, a journal article, a film, a sound recording), follow the guidelines in the Handbook and format accordingly. 13. Collect as much info If you cannot download the material you want to cite, try to note the following: Creators (e.g. authors, editors, directors, bloggers). Titles (e.g. titles of books, journals, websites, articles, postings). Publishers, service providers, or whoever responsible for making the material available on the Web. Publication dates, or the date/month/year when the material was posted on the Web. Access dates, meaning when you viewed the material on the Web. MLA doesnt required the URLs in the works-cited (bibliography) any more (5.6.1), but its a good practice to note it somewhere. 14. Downloaded ebook Crowl, Samuel. Shakespeares Hamlet: The Relationship between Text and Film. New York: Bloomsbury Arden Shakespeare, 2014. Digital file. Screen Adaptations. Begin the entry in the works-cited list like the entry for a comparable printed work. End it with the medium of publication. The medium is the type of electronic file, such as Kindle file, Nook file, EPUB file, or PDF file. If you cannot identify the file type, use Digital file. 15. Ebook read online Crowl, Samuel. Shakespeares Hamlet: The Relationship between Text and Film. New York: Bloomsbury Arden Shakespeare, 2014. ebrary. Web. 27 Feb. 2014. Screen Adaptations. Follow with the name of the website/database in italics, the medium of publication and the date of access (date/month/year). 16. ebook (In-text citation) If the work is a PDF file with fixed pages, cite the page numbers. Most electronic readers include a numbering system that tells users their location in the work. Do not cite this numbering. If the work is divided into stable numbered sections like chapters, the numbers of those sections may be cited. Example: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt began their honeymoon with a weeks stay at Hyde Park (Rowley, ch. 2, par. 3). 17. 5 min. exercise Using the information provided in this page, cite the title in MLA. 18. Answers Luckhurst, Mary. Dramaturgy: A Revolution in Theatre. New York: Cambridge UP, 2006. EBL. Web. 2 Apr. 2014. Cambridge Studies in Modern Theatre. Luckhurst, Mary. Dramaturgy: A Revolution in Theatre. New York: Cambridge UP, 2006. PDF file. Cambridge Studies in Modern Theatre. 19. Article from an online database Print journal article: Hawkes, David. Recent Studies in the English Renaissance. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 53.1 (2013): 197 253. Print. Downloaded electronic journal article: Hawkes, David. Recent Studies in the English Renaissance. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 53.1 (2013): 197 253. PDF file. Electronic journal article read online: Hawkes, David. Recent Studies in the English Renaissance. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 53.1 (2013): 197 253. JSTOR. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. Cite articles from online databases (e.g. ProQuest, JSTOR) just as you would print sources. And provide the title of the database italicized, the medium of publication, and the date of access. 20. 5 min. exercise Using the information provided in this page, cite the title in MLA. 21. Answers Cohen, Walter. The Merchant of Venice and the Possibilities of Historical Criticism. ELH 49.4 (1982): 765789. JSTOR. Web. 2 Apr. 2014. Cohen, Walter. The Merchant of Venice and the Possibilities of Historical Criticism. ELH 49.4 (1982): 765789. PDF file. 22. Magazine/Newspaper articles Hewison, Robert. "Behind the lines." Times Literary Supplement 27 Aug. 1982: 923. Times Literary Supplement Historical Archive. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. "The Daughter of John Keats -An attempt." Times 11 June 1879: 4. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 23 Mar. 2014. Follow the publication title with the publication date (date/month/year): page number/s 23. 5 min. exercise Using the information provided in this page, cite the title in MLA. 24. Answer Carpenter, Freddie. Theatres on Broadway. The Stage 6 June 1946: 8. Entertainment Industry Magazine Archive. Web. 3 Apr. 2014. 25. Reviews Stead, C. K. Rev. of The Matriarch, by Witi Ihimaera. London Review of Books 8.22 (1986): 20. Print. Goodstein, Jack. Rev. of Culture of Desire, dir. Anne Bogart. Theatre Journal 50.3 (1998): 377-378. PDF file. 26. Performances The Merchant of Venice. By William Shakespeare. Dir. Daniel Sullivan. Perf. Al Pacino. Public Theater. Broadhurst Theater, New York. 15 Nov. 2010. Performance. 27. Recorded/downloaded films Seven Samurai. Dir. Akira Kurosawa. Criterion Collection, 2006. DVD. Mifune, Toshiro, perf. Seven Samurai. Dir. Akira Kurosawa. Criterion Collection, 2006. DVD. Seven Samurai. Dir. Akira Kurosawa. Toho International, 2006. iTunes file. List films by their title. Include the name of the director, the distributor, and the release year. If relevant, list performer names after the directors name. End the entry with the appropriate medium of publication (e.g. DVD, VHS, Blu-ray). To emphasize specific performers (perf.) or directors (dir.), begin the citation with the name of the desired performer or director, followed by the appropriate abbreviation. 28. Recorded TV episodes Half Measures. Breaking bad: The Complete Third Season. Dir. Adam Bernstein. Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, 2012. DVD. Begin with the episode name in quotation marks. Follow with the series name in italics. When the title of the collection of recordings is different than the original series (e.g., the show Friends is in DVD release under the title Friends: The Complete Sixth Season), list the title that would help researchers to locate the recording. Give the distributor name followed by the date of distribution. End with the medium of publication (e.g. DVD, Videocassette, Blu-ray). The writer may choose to include information about directors, writers, performers, producers between the title and the distributor name. Use appropriate abbreviations for 29. Films/TV episodes on Amazon, Netflix, Hulu, etc. Seven Samurai. Dir. Akira Kurosawa. Toho International, 2006. Hulu. Web. 3 Mar. 2014. Infected. The Walking Dead: Season 4. Sony Pictures Television, 2010. Netflix. Web. 6 Mar. 2014. Cites as normal up to the date of distribution, then follow with the name of service provider, the medium of publication and the date of access (date/month/year). 30. Web page / blog posting Killgallon, Steve. Hokitika scoped by Hollywood. Stuff.co.nz. Fairfax New Zealand, 2 Feb. 2014. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. Steams, Josh. Where Did Press Freedom Suffer Most in 2013? Online. MediaShift. PBS, 26 Feb. 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. Provide the author of the work, the title of the page/the posting in quotation marks, the Web site name in italics, the publisher, and the posting date. Include screen names as author names when author name is not known. If both names are known, place the authors name in brackets. Follow with the medium of publication and the date of access. 31. Tweet BFI. We are deeply saddened to hear that Philip Seymour Hoffman has passed away telegraph.co.uk/news/celebrity 2 Feb. 2014, 10:59 a.m. Tweet. Begin with the user's name (Last Name, First Name) followed by his/her Twitter username in parentheses. Insert a period outside the parentheses. Place the tweet in its entirety in quotations, inserting a period after the tweet within the quotations. Include the date and time of posting, using the reader's time zone; separate the date and time with a comma and end with a period. Include the word "Tweet" afterwards and end with a period. 32. YouTube, Vimeo, etc. The White House. President Obama Delivers His Second Inaugural Address. Online video clip. Vimeo. Vimeo, n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2014. The MLA does not specifically address how to cite a YouTube video. Authors Name or Posters Username. Title of Image or Video. Media Type Text. Name of Website. Name of Websites Publisher, date of posting. Medium. date retrieved.