MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait...
Transcript of MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait...
![Page 1: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
MITOSIS
![Page 2: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
•What is Mitosis?????
•Mitosis is the process in which a cell divides to generate another identical cell.
![Page 3: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mitosis and Trait Diversity
• The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical DNAs.
•Mitosis does not contribute to trait diversity in the population
![Page 4: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Why is mitosis important?
• Reproduction of unicellular organisms – asexual reproduction
• Growth for multicellular organisms – cells split in two creating new cells
• Regeneration of body parts and damaged cells – cells split in two creating new cells
• Regeneration of skin – heals wounds
![Page 5: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What cells go through Mitosis????
Multicellular Organisms have two types of cells:
a) Somatic Cells – ( soma = body in Greek)
are all the cells is our bodies
those are the ones that will go through Mitosis and make our body grow, or skin regenerate, etc.
![Page 6: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What cells go through Mitosis????
Multicellular Organisms have two types of cells:
b) Sex Cells or gametes: two types – egg and the sperm
•The sex cells are formed through Meiosis – a different type of cell division and they will not go through Mitosis
![Page 7: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Cell Cycle – is the series of events that take place in the cell, from one cell division to another(copy on handout)
![Page 8: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Phases of the Cell Cycle – handout
1)Interphase – cell grows and organelles duplicate, Dna is copied and the chromosomes duplicate, cell grows more and prepares for cell division. The cells that will not divide anymore are always in Interphase.
2) Cell Division:a) Mitosis – 4 phases b) Cytokinesis – when cytoplasm divides creating 2 cells – it is different in plant and animal cells
![Page 9: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Interphase : DNA in the nucleus that is usually in the form of chromatin will condense in chromosomes
![Page 10: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What happens to chromosomes before cell division, during Interphase and after cell division???
![Page 11: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Phases of Mitosis
Handout printed from the school website, page 162
ProphaseMetaphaseAnaphaseTelophase
![Page 12: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Centriole is an organelle composed of protein microtubules. They appear, in pairs, close to the nucleus during cell division. The spindle fibers will form between the two centrioles and are attached to the centromere of a duplicated chromosome.
Spindle Fibers will pull the chromatids apart during cell division
![Page 13: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Centrioles are present only in animal cells and some unicellular plant cells
•plant mitosis takes place perfectly with microtubules forming spindle fibers but without the help of centrioles.
![Page 14: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
CYTOKINESIS
Contractile ring pinches the membrane and the cell divides in the pinched area
A new membrane forms inside the cell
![Page 16: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
A B C
D E F
![Page 17: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Lab
![Page 18: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The results of Mitosis – read page 163
![Page 19: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Karyotype – picture of all the chromosomes from an individual’s cells In this picture, the chromosomes are in pairs but are not duplicated as in page 163 of the handout
In each pair there are two homologous chromosomessimilar in length, gene
position, and centromere location
![Page 20: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Types of Asexual Reproduction – organisms come from one parent
•Budding
•Binary Fission – reproduction in unicellular prokaryotic organisms
•Mitosis – reproduction in unicellular eukaryotic organisms
![Page 21: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Budding in Yeast – page 164
![Page 22: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Budding in Hydra – fresh water animals , few millimeters long
![Page 23: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Binary Fission = Fission in Bacteria – page 164
![Page 24: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Regeneration in Planarian – type of asexual reproduction – page 164
![Page 26: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Regeneration in Starfish
![Page 27: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Regeneration in Lizards
![Page 28: MITOSIS061851f72b23d802adaa-d56582058559818728a814bdd94ad99a.r54.cf2.rackcdn…Mitosis and Trait Diversity •The new cells have exact copies of the nucleus so the cells have identical](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051806/600116f638381c0f957f6988/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Skin and Liver Regeneration