Mitosis and meiosis
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Transcript of Mitosis and meiosis
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MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
Cell Replication
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IT’S ALL ABOUT THE DNA...
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GENETIC STORAGE Humans are a diploid (2n) species; 46
chromosomes Humans gametes are haploid (n); 23
chromosomes
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CELL REPLICATION: 2 OPTIONS 1) MITOSIS: division of a nucleus into two
genetically identical nuclei (IPMAT)Somatic cells
2) MEIOSIS: division of nucleus that involves two divisions and one duplication of chromosomes; results in haploid (n) gametes with one chromosome from each homogolous pairGametes (sex cells)
CYTOKINESIS: division of a cells cytoplasm into two distinct cells
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MITOSIS
1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase6. Cytokinesis
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MEIOSIS
1. Interphase2. Prophase 13. Metaphase 14. Anaphase 15. Telophase 16. Cytokinesis 1
7. Prophase 28. Metaphase 29. Anaphase 210. Telophase 211. Cytokinesis 2
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THE CELL CYCLE (MITOSIS)
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INTERPHASE Growth and DNA
replication
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PROPHASE Chromosomes
condense Nuclear
membrane begins to dissolve
Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres
Centrioles move to opposite poles
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METAPHASE Chromosomes line up
at the equatorial plate
Nuclear membrane completely dissolves
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ANAPHASE Centromeres
divide and the resulting chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell
Identical chromosomes at each pole
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TELOPHASE Chromosomes lengthen
again Spindle fibres dissolve Nuclear membrane forms
Cytokinesis: Cytoplasm begins to
divide A furrow develops
pinching of the cell intotwo parts
Resulting in two separate daughter cells
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IF THAT SEEMS LIKE A LOT... Ana and the pro wrestlers might be up
your alley...
X X
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MITOSIS VS. MEIOSIS http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/ho
w-cells-divide.html
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INTERPHASE DNA has already
duplicated
Paternal and Maternal Chromosomes duplicated
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Chromosomes condense
Homologous chromosomes come together (Tetrad)
Crossing over occurs Spindle fibers attach
to homologous pairs
PROPHASE 1Synapsis
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CROSSING OVER
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Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate
METAPHASE 1
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Homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles
ANAPHASE 1
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TELOPHASE Nucleus
completes its division.
Results in two cells that are haploid (x2)
Cytoplasm divides during cytokinesis
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Centrioles move to opposite poles
Chromosomes become attached to spindle fibres
PROPHASE 2
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Chromosomes line up at equatorial plate
METAPHASE 2
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Sister Chromatids of each chromosome separate and move to opposite poles
ANAPHASE 2
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Spindle fibres detach
Cytoplasm separates (Cytokinesis)
Left with four haploid cells
TELOPHASE 2
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GAMETOGENESIS