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Miss Hanna Biology The Cell Cycle: Growth & Division of Body Cells

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Journal Week 12- Friday 11/7 J- Write a 3 sentence reflection on your performance on your quiz yesterday. (What was your grade, did you study, what mistakes did you make, what information did you know really well, what information did you struggle with, etc) When finished staple journals Week 11 &12 together and turn them in MAKE SURE YOUR NAME IS ON IT!! TI- none CW- Set Up Cell Cycle Notes HW- Interactive Reader pgs 93- 102 DUE Wed 11/12, Cell Cycle Flip Lesson DUE MON 11/10

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Update Table of Contents, Title & Number each of the following pgs Left SideRight Side Cell Growth & Reproduction Flow Chart, 47Cell Cycle Check List, 48 Cell Cycle Power Notes, 49Cell Cycle Overview, 50 Growth Phase- Interphase, 51Division Phase- Power Notes, 52 Mitosis- Prophase, 53Mitosis- Metaphase, 54 Mitosis- Anaphase, 55Mitosis- Telophase, 56 Cytokinesis, 57Abnormal Cell Cycle, 58

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Journal Week 13- Monday 11/10 J- Explain the parts of the cell cycle. Why is it important for cells to divide? TI- Bozeman Cell Cycle Flip Lesson CW- Cell Cycle Power Notes (pg 49) and Overview (pg 50) HW- Finish Power Notes Questions DUE Tues 11/11, Interactive Reader pgs 93-102 DUE Wed 11/12,Cell Cycle Quiz Mon 11/17 (50 pts), Cell Unit Part 2 (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration & Cell Cycle) Test Wed 11/19 (200pts) Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20 Left SideRight Side Cell Cycle Power Notes, 49Cell Cycle Overview, 50

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1) Types of Cells 1a) Body Cells- (Somatic) 1b) Sex Cells- (Gametes)

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2) Types of Reproduction 2a) Mitosis/ The Cell Cycle Body cells o46 Chromosomes o2 Sets of 23 Chromosomes 2b) Meiosis Sex cells o2 Chromosomes o1 from each parent

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2a) Body Cell Reproduction Stages The Cell Cycle i) The Cell Cycle has 4 stages Growth phase & Division phase Growth Phase (G1, S, G2)= Interphase Division Phase (M)= Mitosis & Cytokinesis ii) The Cell Cycle as a whole: A)Interphase: Growth Phase 1) G1- period of cell growth before the DNA is duplicated 2) S- period when DNA is duplicated (synthesized) 3) G2- period of cell growth after DNA is duplicated. Cell prepares to divide B) Mitosis: Division of Nucleus AKA- PMAT 1) Prophase 2) Metaphase 3) Anaphase 4) Telophase C) Cytokinesis: Division of Cytoplasm

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Journal Week 13- Tuesday 11/11 J- Explain what the growth phase and the division stage are in the Cell Cycle and how they are broken down. TI- Check Cell Cycle Power Notes Questions CW- Growth Phase- Interphase Notes (pg 51) and Division Phase- Power Notes (pg 52) HW- Interactive Reader pgs 93-102 DUE Wed 11/12, Cell Cycle Quiz Mon 11/17 (50 pts), Cell Unit Part 2 (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration & Cell Cycle) Test Wed 11/19 (200pts) Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20 Left SideRight Side Growth Phase- Interphase, 51Division Phase- Power Notes, 52

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ANIMATION! http://www.cellsalive.com/cell_cycle.htm

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A) Interphase Cell grows in size, Make Organelles and Proteins Longest stage of the cell cycle Carries out normal cell processes Duplicates DNA Checks for mistakes and make sure everything is needed for cell reproduction G1 phase cell grows to double in size and makes copies of organelles S phase chromosomes are replicated G2 Prepares for division

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Journal Week 13- Wednesday 11/12 J- List and describe the three stages of interphase TI- Interactive Reader pgs 93-102 CW- Mitosis Notes (pg 53, 54, 55, 56) HW- Cell Cycle Quiz Mon 11/17 (50 pts), Cell Unit Part 2 (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration & Cell Cycle) Test Wed 11/19 (200pts) Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20, Identify the Cell Cycle worksheet DUE Fri 11/14 Left SideRight Side Mitosis- Prophase, 53Mitosis- Metaphase, 54 Mitosis- Anaphase, 55Mitosis- Telophase, 56

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B1) Mitosis- Prophase P= Prepare Nucleus begins to break down Longest stage of Mitosis Nucleolus disappears Spindle fibers begin to appear Chromosomes condense and Sister chromatids (DNA) appear Centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus Mitotic spindle begins to form out of the centrioles

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B2) Mitosis- Metaphase M= Middle Sister chromatids (DNA) line up in middle of cell on spindle fibers, centromeres attach to spindles Centrioles connect to each end of the spindle fibers

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B3) Mitosis- Anaphase A= Apart Sister chromatids (aka daughter chromosomes) split at centromeres Sister chromatids (DNA) move to opposite sides of cell

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B4) Mitosis- Telophase T= Two New Nuclei Chromosomes at opposite ends Cell begins to pinch and form 2 new daughter cells (cleavage furrow) Nucleus reforms in each cell Nucleolus reappears New Nuclei in each cell Chromosomes de-condense back into chromatin Mitosis is finished

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Journal Week 13- Thursday 11/13 J- If an organism has 23 chromosomes: A) how many cells will be produced at the end of the cell cycle? B) how many chromosomes will be in each cell? TI- none CW- Cytokinesis (pg 57) and Abnormal Cell Cycle Power Notes (pg 58) HW- Cell Cycle Quiz Mon 11/17 (50 pts), Cell Unit Part 2 (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration & Cell Cycle) Test Wed 11/19 (200pts) Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20, Identify the Cell Cycle Worksheet DUE Fri 11/14 Left SideRight Side Cytokinesis, 57Abnormal Cell Cycle Power Notes, 58

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C) Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm and organelles in the cell Plant cells: a cell plate forms, dividing daughter cells Animal cells: cleavage furrow forms at the equator and pinches inward until cell divides in two Two new IDENTICAL cells made

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Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction Reproduction is a process that makes new organisms from one or more parent organisms. Occurs in 2 ways: Sexual & Asexual Sexual: reproduction that involves the joining of 2 specialized cells called gametes (egg & sperm), 1 from each parent Genetically Unique- mixture of genes from 2 parents Asexual: creation of offspring from a single parent, genetically identical What is mitosis? Sexual or Asexual

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Types & Benefits of Asexual Rep. Binary Fission: asexual by rep. of a single-celled organism by division into 2 roughly equal parts Most prokaryotes reproduce by B.F. Makes 2 daughter cells identical to parent Advantages of Asexual Rep. If it aint broke, dont fix it Disadvantages of Asexual Rep. Not good for changing environment conditions

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Multicellular Organisms Multicellular Organisms depend on interactions among different cell types. **Do you remember the levels of organization?** Cell ( ) Organ ( Systems)-( ) Specialized cells perform specific functions Cell Differentiation: process where unspecialized cells develop into mature forms and functions Location in the embryo helps determine how it will differentiate

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Cell Cycle Regulation The timing and rate of cell division is important to the health of an organism The rate of cell division varies depending on the type of cell. Checkpoints occur during most of the cell cycle to ensure that the cell divides accurately. If a cell does not pass G0 then it will not divide

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Quality Control Checkpoints The cell cycle has built in check points that monitor the cycle and can stop it if something goes wrong. For example: A checkpoint near the end of G1 monitors for DNA damage and can stop the cycle before it enters the S phase of interphase There are other quality checkpoints during S phase and after DNA replication to make sure the DNA has replicated correctly

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Abnormal Cell Cycle: Cancer Although the cell cycle has a system of quality control checkpoints, sometimes the process fails. Cancer- the uncontrolled growth and division of cells Example: Normal Stomach CellsTime in stage Interphase120 min Prophase60 min Metaphase10 min Anaphase3 min Telophase12 min Cancer Stomach CellsTime in stage Interphase16 min Prophase15 min Metaphase2 min Anaphase1 min Telophase3 min

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Cell Cycle Regulation Not every cell is destined to survive. Apoptosis- programmed cell death Examples: A) during development of the human hand and foot, cells occupy the spaces between the fingers and toes. Normally this tissue goes under apoptosis, with the cells shriveling and dying at the appropraite time so that the webbing is not present in the mature organism. B) apoptosis in plants is the localized cell death so that the leaves fall off the trees in autumn C) cells with damage to their DNA or that are damaged beyond repair.

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Stem Cells Stem Cells: a unique type of body cell that can (1) divide and renew themselves for a long time, (2) remain undifferentiated, (3) develop into a variety of specialized cell types

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Journal Week 13- Friday 11/14 J-Cell Cycle Concept Check (15 pts) Write the question and correct answer for any that you get wrong TI- Identify the Cell Cycle worksheet CW- Stem Cell Opinion Paragraph HW- Cell Cycle Quiz Mon 11/17 (50 pts), Cell Unit Part 2 (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration & Cell Cycle) Test Wed 11/19 (200pts) Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20, The Cell Cycle Worksheet DUE Mon 11/17

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Clicker Concept Quiz 1)Which of the following best represents the 4 stages of Mitosis in order? A) Metaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis, Prophasse B) Telophase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase C) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase D) Telophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Prophase 2) (Choose 2) What phases of the cell cycle are not a part of Mitosis? A) Metaphase B) Cytokinesis C) Anaphase D) Interphase 3) Which structures aid in pulling sister chromatids apart in cell division? (choose all that apply) A) Centrioles B) Spindle Fibers C) Membrane D) Cytoplasm 4) Which words best describes the cells produced from the cell cycle? A) Different B) Opposite C) Identical D) Haploid 5) True/False: Mitosis is the division of the nucleus in somatic (gametes) cells.

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Turn to page 162 Stem Cell ResearchPotential Solutions, Practical Challenges Get out a piece of paper and something to write with Read the article Stem Cell Research-Potential Solutions, Practical Challenges You will need to write a opinion on whether or not you think stem cell research should be banned. Since it is opinion, there is NO wrong answer, however you must include facts to support your opinion IT MUST INCLUDE: Your stand (Should stem cell research be banned? Yes or no) 2 PARAGRAPHS (at least 5 sentences EACH) 3 cited (put parentheses around them) facts from the article

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Journal Week 14- Monday 11/17 J- Bozeman video Phases of Mitosis- 10 facts TI- The Cell Cycle Worksheet CW- Cell cycle quiz (50 pts) HW- Cell Unit Part 2 (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration & Cell Cycle) Test Wed 11/19 (200pts) Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20, Give Thanks party supplies DUE Fri 11/21

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Journal Week 14- Tuesday 11/18 J- Write your Red/Yellow/Green Topics for Part 2 in your journal TI-none CW- Cell Unit Part 2 Test Review HW- Cell Unit Part 2 (Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration & Cell Cycle) Test Wed 11/19 (200pts) Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20, Give Thanks party supplies DUE Fri 11/21

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Journal Week 14- Wednesday 11/19 J- Write a 5 sentence reflection of your test performance, TI- none CW- Cell Unit Part 2 Test (200pts) HW- Cell unit folder DUE Th 11/20, Give Thanks party DUE Fri 11/21

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Journal Week 14- Thursday 11/20 J- Identify one topic you have enjoyed learning about this year so far, which topic have you struggled with the most? TI- none CW- Finish Cell Unit Folder DUE by the end of the period HW- Give thanks party supplies DUE Fri 11/21

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Journal Week 14- Friday 11/21 J- none Keep journals week 13 & 14 until we get back from break TI- none CW- Give Thanks Party! HW- Have a safe and happy Thanksgiving!