INTRODUCTION TO MICRO-IRRIGATION SYSTEM

presentation on :-

Subject: -Micro irrigation system design

Presented by: -JOSHI DRASHTI ( PAGEN-096-2012 )

KAUSHAL .V. GADARIYA (PAGEN-097-2012)

WHAT IS MICROIRRIGATION SYSTEM?

-Micro-irrigation refers to low-pressure irrigation

systems that spray, mist, sprinkle or drip.

-The term micro irrigation describes a family of

irrigation systems that apply water through small

devices.

-These devices deliver water onto the soil

surface very near the plant or below the soil surface

directly into the plant root zone.

- It is also known as pressurized irrigation system.

NEED OF MICROIRRIGATION SYSTEM

- Reduce the salinity of soil.

- to get timeless work.

-To reduce the evaporation and infiltration.

-To give sufficient amount of water to make a favorable

condition of soil for building up the plant tissue.

- to get higher production to compete the increasing

population of our country.

- insufficient rainfall, uneven distribution of rainfall.

ADVANTAGES OF MICROIRRIGATION

SYSTEM

• Water saving or water efficiency :- By applying water

only where and when it is needed, with less runoff and

less evaporation from leaves and soil, the uniform

application of water from drip irrigation systems can

achieve high water savings.

• Weed and disease reduction: - Because of limited wetted

area from non-spray type of micro-irrigation, weed

growth is inhibited and disease incidences reduced.

• Improved Yield: - Slow and regular application of water

and nutrients uniformly to all plants improves product

quality and uniformity, and increases yield.

• Fertilizer Saving: - Fertilizer losses are minimized,

reducing fertilizer costs.

• Labor Saving: - Less labor is required for irrigation,

weeding, and fertilizer application compared to traditional

production methods.

• Reduced Cultivation Cost: - Slow and regular application

of water keeps an optimum soil-water-air ratio in the soil

which is essential for healthy plant growth. It also reduces

the need for frequent inter-culturing, weeding, etc.

• Evaporation and soil erosion are decreased.

DISADVANTAGES OF MICRO IRRIGATION

SYSTEM• High initial cost.

• Requires some management and maintenance.

• Clogging emitter and sprinkler nozzle.

• Salt accumulation near the root zone.

• Seed germination.

• Moisture restricted root zone.

• High skills are required.

• Short life time due to sun.

• Wind drift.

• A stable water supply is needed.

TYPES OF MICRO IRRIGATION SYSTEM

• Drip irrigation system.

• Sprinkler irrigation system.

• Fogging irrigation system.

• Bubbler irrigation system.

DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

• Drip irrigation system: -

- It is an artificial application of water to the soil,

near the root zone of plant at frequently and slowly using

emitter.

CROP GROWN UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION

SYSTEM

Following crops can be successfully grown under drip irrigation

system.

• Orchard crops – grapes, banana, guava, orange, mango.

• vegetables – tomato, chilly, capsicum, cabbage.

• Cash crops – cotton, turmeric, strawberry.

• Flowers – roses, jasmine, tulip, mogra.

• Oil seed – ground nut, coconut, sunflower.

• Forest trees – teakwood, bamboo, casurina.Guava under drip

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM

• Sprinkler irrigation system: -

- It is a method of applying irrigation

water above the soil surface in the form of spray

or droplets, similar to the natural rain fall.

BASIC DATA REQUIRED FOR SPRINKLER

SYSTEM DESIGN

• Survey map of area.

• Water resource.

• Soil type.

• Climatic records.

• Type of crop.

• Hydrologic property of soil.

• Source of energy.

• Wind speed and direction.

• Water quality.

FOGGING OR MISTING SYSTEM

• It is the application of water in the form of very fine

spray in order to create humidity in the air at low level or

over head.

• There system are generally used in greenhouses to

control the humidity and temperature.

• The flow rate of this system is 10 to 30 l/h and with

pressure of 3.5 to 10 kg/cm2.

Thanks for your attention

Questions,

Clarifications,

If any.