Mechanical Age of Computers (1450-1840)
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Transcript of Mechanical Age of Computers (1450-1840)
Conversion Table A B C D E F G H I J
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K L M N O P Q R S T
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U V W X Y Z SPACE
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Think Like a Computer!
II. THE MECHANICAL AGE: 1450 - 1840
ALL COMPUTATIONS ARE DONE BY MACHINES AND GEARS.
UNLOCKING TECHNICAL TERMS
- An electronic, programmable device that can store, retrieve and process data.
Computer
Calculator- An electronic or
mechanical device that performs calculations.
Punched Card- A card on which data
is stored in the form of a pattern of small holes.
Prototype- A first or experimental
working model of something to be manufactured, usually on a large scale.
Engine- A machine for converting
thermal energy into mechanical energy or power to produce force and motion.
1. First Information Explosion
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS1450
JOHANNESGUTENBERG
MOVABLE METAL-TYPE PRINTING PROCESS
It’s invention paved the way to the development of book indexes and the widespread use of page numbers.
The first book to ever be printed was a Latin language Bible, printed in Mainz, Germany.
2. The First General Purpose
“Computers”
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS1614
JOHN NAPIER
LOGARITHMSLogs allow multiplication
and division to be reduced to addition and subtraction.
The logarithm of x to the base b is written logb(x) or, if the base is implicit, as log(x). So, for a number x, a base b and an exponent y,
1617
JOHN NAPIER
NAPIER’S BONESA special version of the multiplication tableson a set of four-sided wooden rods, allowing users to multiply and divide large numbers and find square and cube roots.
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS1623
WILHELM SCHICKARD
SPEEDING CLOCK/CALCULATING CLOCK
The first mechanical calculator;
It can work with six digits, and carries digits across columns.
1625
WILLIAM OUGHTRED
SLIDE RULEUses two scales (Napier’s
logarithms & Gunter’s logarithmic scales) sliding byone another to perform directmultiplication and division.
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS1642
BLAISE PASCAL
PASCALINEA mechanical calculation
machine that is madeout of clock gears and levers, and could solve basic mathematical problems like addition and subtraction.
1671
GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ
STEPPED RECKONERA machine that could multiply
5 digit and 12 digit numbers yielding up to 16 digit number.
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS1801
JOSEPH MARIE
JACQUARD
JACQUARD LOOMA loom with punched
cardboard cards for controlling woven patterns.
1820
CHARLES XAVIER
THOMAS DE COLMAR
ARITHMOMETERThe first mass-produced
calculator that can perform the same type of computations as a Stepped Reckoner.
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS1821 DIFFERENCE ENGINE
The first modern computer design: a steam powered adding machine.
CHARLES BABBAGE“Father of
Computers”
1832
CHARLES BABBAGE“Father of
Computers”
ANALYTICAL ENGINEA mechanical adding
machine that tool information from punched cards to solve and print complex mathematical operations.
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTIONS / CONTRIBUTIONS
YEAR INVENTOR INVENTION / CONTRIBUTION1842
AUGUSTA ADA LOVELACE
ADA PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
The first program for Babbage’s Analytical Engine.
Ada Lovelace is the first computer programmer.
•Though she was only 19, she was fascinated by Babbage's ideas and through letters and meetings with Babbage she learned enough about the design of the Analytical Engine to begin fashioning programs for the still unbuilt machine.
•Ada wrote a series of “notes" wherein she detailed sequences of instructions she had prepared for the Analytical Engine.
ASSIGNMENT1. What are the inventions during the
electromechanical age of computers?2. How are these inventions work?3. Why is it important to trace the
development of computers?4. Define the ff.:
• Electromechanical• Telecommunication•Binary Algebra or Boolean Algebra