Maths revision booklet - Teachit Primary · Maths revision booklet ... x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12...
Transcript of Maths revision booklet - Teachit Primary · Maths revision booklet ... x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12...
Maths revision booklet
© www.teachitprimary.co.uk 2017 26044 Page 1 of 14
Name: ............................................................... Date: ..................................................................
Maths revision booklet
Times table chart
Know your tables! Daily practise to keep you sharp will make you a confident mathematician. The numbers highlighted in orange are square numbers.
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
3 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36
4 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48
5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
6 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72
7 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84
8 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96
9 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108
10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
11 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132
12 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144
Maths revision booklet
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Roman numerals
1 I 30 XXX
2 II 40 XL
3 III 50 L
4 IV 60 LX
5 V 70 LXX
6 VI 80 LXXX
7 VII 90 XC
8 VIII 100 C
9 IX 500 D
10 X 1000 M
20 XX
Maths revision booklet
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Fraction wall
Use this wall to help you understand equivalence between fractions (fractions that are equal in value).
Using this wall, you can see that 1
2 = 2
4 = 3
6 = 4
8 = 5
10 = 6
12.
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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12
1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
12
Maths revision booklet
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Fractions, decimals and percentages
Knowing these equivalences off by heart is very useful.
3
8
Fraction Decimal Percentage
1
2 0.5 50%
1
4 0.25 25%
3
4 0.75 75%
1
5 0.2 20%
1
10 0.1 10%
Numerator: how many parts you have.
Denominator: how many parts the whole is divided into.
Maths revision booklet
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Rhymes for fraction operations
If adding or subtracting is your aim,
The bottom numbers must be the same!
Change the bottom using multiply or divide,
But the same to the top must be applied.
And don't forget to simplify,
Before its time to say goodbye.
Multiplying fractions – no big problem,
Top times top over bottom times bottom.
And don't forget to simplify,
Before it's time to say goodbye.
Dividing fractions, as easy as pie,
Flip the second fraction, then multiply.
And don't forget to simplify,
Before it's time to say goodbye.
Divisibility rules
A number is divisible by:
100 if the last 2 digits are 00
25 if the last 2 digits are 00, 25, 50 or 75
10 if the last digit is 0
2 if the last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8
3 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 3
4 if the last 2 digits are divisible by 4
5 if the last digit is 0 or 5
6 if the number is even and divisible by 3
8 if the last 3 digits are divisible by 8
9 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9
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Multiplying and dividing by multiples of 10
10000 1000 100 10 1 1
10
1
100
1
1000
Multiplying
X 10 digits move LEFT 1 place
X 100 digits move LEFT 2 places
X 1000 digits move LEFT 3 places
Dividing
÷ 10 digits move RIGHT 1 place
÷ 100 digits move RIGHT 2 places
÷ 1000 digits move RIGHT 3 places
Decimal point
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Measures
Learn these measurements - they are very useful!
Capacity 1 litre = 1000 millilitres or 1L = 1000 ml
Mass 1 kilogram = 1000 grams or 1kg = 1000g
1/2 kg = 0.5kg = 500g
1/4 kg = 0.25kg = 250g
3/4 kg = 0.75kg = 750g
Length 1 kilometre = 1000 metres or 1km = 1000m
1 metre = 100 centimetres or 1m = 100cm
1 centimetre = 10 millimetres or 1cm = 10mm
Conversions between metric and imperial units
1 litre = 1¾ pints (approximately 2 pints)
4.5 litres = 1 gallon or 8 pints
1 kilogram = 2.2lb (approximately 2lb)
30 grams = 1oz
1.6 kilometres = 1 mile
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Money
£1 = 100p 10p = £0.10 1p = £0.01 50p = £0.50 25p = £0.25
10 x 10p = £1 5 x 20p = £1
Time
One year = 365 days One leap year (every 4 years) = 366 days
12 months in a year A fortnight = 2 weeks
A week = 7 days A day = 24 hours
An hour = 60 minutes A minute = 60 seconds
30 days have September,
April, June and
November. All the rest
have 31.
Excepting February which
has 28 days clear and 29
each leap year.
N J F M
A M
Jn Jy A S
O D
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Geometry
Parallel means:
Lines which never cross and stay the same distance apart.
Perpendicular means:
Lines which meet to form a right angle (90o).
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2D shapes
Circle 1 curved side No corners
Triangle
3 straight sides 3 corners
Square 4 right angles
4 equal straight sides 4 corners
Rectangle 4 right angles 4 straight sides
4 corners
Pentagon 5 straight sides
5 corners
Hexagon 6 straight sides
6 corners
Octagon 8 straight sides
8 corners
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3D shapes
Cube Cuboid Hexagonal prism
Cylinder Sphere Cone
Tetrahedron Pyramid Triangular Prism
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Features of 3D shapes
Transformations
Vertex: the corner where the edges meet
Edge: where two faces
meet
Face: the flat surface of
a solid shape
translation
translation
reflection rotation rotation
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A glossary of maths words
Angles Angles are formed when two straight lines meet. Measure using degrees (o).
Acute angles Angles measuring less than 90 degrees.
Right angles Measure exactly 90 degrees.
Obtuse angles Angles greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees.
Reflex angles Angles greater than 180 degrees.
Area The amount of surface a shape takes up. Measured in centimetres squared (cm2).
Calculate Work out the amount or number of something.
Capacity The amount that something can hold. It can be measured in litres, millilitres or in cubic centimetres e.g. 100cm3
Century 100 years
Circumference The perimeter of a circle.
Decade 10 years
Degree The unit of measurement we use for measuring angles.
Diameter Is the line crossing the circle, from one point on the circumference to another and passes through the centre. It is twice of the length of the radius.
Difference To find the difference between two numbers, you need to take the smaller number away from the larger one. E.g. the difference between 10 and 4 is 6.
Equilateral triangle
A triangle of equal lengths and equal angles (all equal 60o).
Equivalent Having the same value e.g.1
2 is equivalent to 3
6.
Factors A factor is a whole number which will divide exactly into another whole number. E.g. the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.
Inverse operation
If you have a calculation with a missing number, you can use the inverse operation to solve it. + and – are the inverse of each other X and ÷ are the inverse of each other
Mean To find the mean of a set of numbers, you add all the numbers together and then divide by the number of results you have.
Maths revision booklet
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Median Arrange the data in order from smallest to largest. The median is the number in the middle. NB if there are two numbers in the middle, find the mean of these.
Mode The number that appears the most frequently in a set of data.
Multiple The multiples of a number are all the numbers that can be divided by that number without leaving a remainder. E.g. the multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 etc.
Percentage (%) Means ‘out of 100’
20% = 20
100
Perimeter The distance around the outside of a shape.
Polygon A closed 2D shape with straight sides.
Prime numbers Numbers which will divide exactly only by themselves and 1. These are the prime numbers to 30: 2, 3, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29
Product The answer when numbers have been multiplied. E.g. the product of 3 and 4 is 12.
Quadrilateral A 2D shape with four straight sides.
Radius The radius of the circle is a straight line drawn from the centre to the circumference.
Range
The range is the difference between the biggest and the smallest number. To work out the range:
Put the numbers in order Subtract the smallest number from the biggest number.
Right-angled triangle
A triangle where one of the angles is a right angle (90o).
Scalene triangle A triangle where no sides are the same length and no angles are the same.
Square number The product when a number is multiplied by itself. Square numbers to 100 are: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100.
Sum When numbers have been added together. E.g. the sum of 3 and 4 is 7.
Vertex (vertices)
A point where two or more straight lines meet.
Volume A measure of the amount of 3D space which is occupied by an object (measured in cm3).